RU2256831C2 - Controllable shock-absorbing system for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: controllable shock-absorbing system comprises double hollow torsion which is made all or partially of a thermoelastic damping alloy with the shape memory effect and whose middle part is connected with the lever of the wheel. The ends of the torsion are embraced by shackles which allows the torsion to be twisted when lever moves and are secured to the frame of a vehicle provided with the vibration pickup connected with the control unit and power source. The pipelines filled with heating agent are connected to the torsion from both sides and with the heating and cooling circuits which are in communication with the control unit. The heating agent is made of cooling liquid for internal combustion engine. The heating circuit comprises cooling jacket of the internal combustion engine. The cooling circuit is connected with the torsion by way of by-passing pipeline for permitting partial or complete supply of the heating agent to the torsion.

EFFECT: expanded functional capabilities and simplified structure.

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Description

The present invention relates to the field of engineering, in particular to depreciation systems, and may find application in the creation of controlled vehicle suspensions.

Known depreciation systems containing torsion bars, during torsion of which the impact energy is absorbed, which is usually of an oscillatory nature [1, 2].

Known controlled depreciation systems, the elastic properties of the working elements of which change when heated by microwave currents, when exposed to pressure [2].

The prototype of the proposed design is a torsion spring containing torsion bars, levers of the same length connected to them with supporting cylindrical surfaces, one ends of the torsion bars are rigidly interconnected in pairs, the other ends of the same pairs are covered by earrings and fixed in levers of the same length, the rod with longitudinal grooves interacting with two opposing pairs of supporting cylindrical surfaces of the levers, equipped with an electric contact heater, with a positive pole which is paired with one ends of the torsion bars are twisted, and with the negative pole the other ends of the torsion bars, a cooling device, a vibration sensor installed on the shock-absorbing object, a control unit connected to them, a power source connected to the latter connected to the cooling device, a toroidal elastic atomizer with holes cooling the torsion bars , as the working medium used compressed gas supplied to the torsion bars through the holes of the latter, the torsion bars are made of an alloy with a shape memory effect and with the same electronic nical resistance, and the rod and earrings made of dielectric material [3].

The disadvantages of the design of the prototype, as applied to the controlled system of depreciation of the car, is the low cost-effectiveness of operating this depreciation system, since it is necessary to use additional energy sources for heating and cooling the working elements - solid (solid) torsion bars made of thermoelastic damping alloy with shape memory effect, and low performance due to inefficient cooling outside of continuous torsion bars with compressed air having lower specific heat capacity, compared, for example, with water more than 4 times [4]. At the same time, the autonomous resources of energy sources to increase the efficiency of controlled depreciation systems are limited and directly related to the fuel consumption of the car.

The aim of the invention is to expand the range of operating frequencies of the depreciation system while increasing efficiency and simplicity of design.

This goal is achieved in that the controlled depreciation system of the car, shown schematically in Figs. 1 and 2, contains a double hollow torsion bar 1 made in whole or in part from a thermoelastic damping alloy with a shape memory effect, the middle part of which is connected to the lever 2 of the wheel 3. Both the ends of the torsion bar 1 are wrapped around the earrings 4, allowing the torsion bar 1 to twist when the lever 2 is moved, and rigidly fixed to the frame 5 of the car. To torsion 1 on both sides are connected pipelines 6 with a coolant, which is used as a coolant for a vehicle’s internal combustion engine (TOSOL, antifreeze, water). The coolant circulates along the heating circuit 7, connected to the cooling jacket of the internal combustion engine of the vehicle and the internal cavity of the torsion bar 1, or along the cooling circuit 8, not connected to the internal combustion engine of the car and including the bypass line 9, also connected to the internal cavity of the torsion bar 1.

The heating circuit 7, the cooling circuit 8, the bypass line 9, the vibration sensor 10 are installed on the vehicle and connected to the control unit 11 and the power source 12.

The operation of this depreciation system is as follows: if inside the torsion 1 coolant with a stable temperature or in its absence, the hollow torsion spring when moving the lever 2 works in full accordance with the design description of the prototype (patent of the Russian Federation No. 2073142 [3]).

In the vibration damping control mode, under the action of an alternating load from the road surface on the car suspension, the vibration level is determined by the sensor 10. Depending on the vibration level, the control unit 11 issues commands to supply the coolant either from the heating circuit 7 or from the cooling circuit 8 through the bypass line 9 into the cavity of torsion 1. When changing the temperature of torsion 1, made of a thermoelastic damping alloy with a shape memory effect, for example, based on the Ni-Ti system, from 20 ° С to 95 ° С the cumulative pressure varies up to 90 ... 105% [5]. Changing the mechanical properties of the alloy depending on temperature, a significant effect is exerted on the shape of the elastoplastic hysteresis during torsion 1 torsion and the range of operating frequencies of the vehicle’s damping system is expanded. Moreover, in accordance with the speed of movement, profile and roughness of the road surface due to a certain law of temperature change of torsion 1, it is possible to achieve a minimum level of vibration of the frame 5 of the car.

When a vehicle is exposed to a significant shock load, for example, in the event of a collision with a stone, i.e. in the case of plastic torsion of torsion 1 flowing with absorption and dissipation of impact energy, a signal proportional to the roughness on the road is sent to the control unit 11 from the vibration sensor 10 [6]. At the command of the control unit 11, the coolant through the pipe 6 enters the torsion 1 from the heating circuit 7 associated with the cooling jacket of the vehicle’s internal combustion engine. The heating of torsion 1 is carried out to a temperature at which the shape of the twisted torsion is restored. For a thermoelastic damping alloy with a shape memory effect based on Ni-Ti, this temperature can be 80 ... 90 ° С, i.e. correspond to the nominal temperature of the coolant in the internal combustion engine of the car. Thus, the return of the vehicle’s amortization system is ensured by the thermoelasticity of the alloy of which torsion 1 is made, at the temperature of restoration of shape.

After the restoration of the form, the torsion 1 is cooled to the operating temperature by the coolant coming from the cooling circuit 8 by partially or completely bypassing it along the bypass line 9.

The depreciation system of a vehicle with a restored torsion bar is again ready for operation, namely, to deform oscillations of a wide frequency range with a stroke of lever 2, at which deformations in the material of torsion bar 1 do not exceed elastic, and also to protect the car from shock loads with the maximum possible stroke, in which plastic deformation of the torsion material occurs, after which the restoration of the torsion shape follows again.

When the proposed depreciation system is in operation, the control unit can receive commands directly from the driver in manual control mode, which can help to increase work efficiency.

The positive effect of the invention consists in increasing the efficiency of vibration damping, in improving operational characteristics by expanding the operating frequency range, in the possibility of multiple restoration of the shape of torsion bars after their plastic deformation due to shock loads, as well as in simplifying the design and increasing efficiency. The positive effect is due to the use of a double hollow torsion bar made of a thermoelastic damping alloy with a shape memory effect connected to a wheel arm, equipped with a heating circuit and a cooling circuit with a bypass line, coolant circulating in the ICE cooling system, as a working element of the vehicle’s amortization system vibration, and the control unit and power supply connected to them.

This depreciation system differs from the prototype in its simplified design, increased efficiency due to the use of thermal energy from the vehicle’s internal combustion engine, more effective protection of the vehicle against vibration, and increased performance of reusable applications under shock loads.

An increase in the efficiency of vibration damping occurs:

1) due to faster creation of the required temperature regime in a hollow torsion bar, especially for negative temperature gradients;

2) by increasing the torsional ductility and eliminating a significant proportion of the elastic deformation of the hollow torsion bar [7].

Thus, the proposed car damping system has significantly better damping, operational properties and economic effect when damping vibrations of a different frequency range and when shock loads are applied to a car's suspension.

Sources of information

1. USSR author's certificate No. 1196560, cl. F 16 F 11/00, 1985.

2. USSR author's certificate No. 1562558, cl. F 16 F 6/00, 1990.

3. RF patent No. 2073142, cl. F 16 F 1/14, 1997.

4. Kuhling X. Handbook of Physics: Trans. with him. - M .: Mir, 1982.

5. The effect of shape memory in alloys: Trans. from English L.M.Bernshtein / Ed. V.A. Zaimovsky - M .: Metallurgy, 1979.

6. Copyright certificate of the USSR No. 1808745, class. In 60 G 25/00, 1993.

7. Friedman Ya.B. The mechanical properties of metals. Part 1. Warp and fracture. - M.: Mechanical Engineering. 1974.

Claims (1)

A controlled vehicle damping system containing a double hollow torsion bar, made in whole or in part from a thermoelastic damping alloy with a shape memory effect, the middle part of which is connected to the wheel lever, the ends of the torsion bar are covered by earrings that allow the torsion bar to twist when the lever moves, and are rigidly fixed to the car frame, on which the vibration sensor is located, connected with the control unit and the power source, characterized in that heat-filled pipelines on both sides are connected to the torsion bar Itel and connected to the heating circuit and the cooling circuit with which the control unit is connected, the coolant used is the vehicle’s internal combustion engine, the heating circuit includes the cooling jacket of the vehicle’s internal combustion engine, the cooling circuit is partially connected to the torsion bypass or complete supply of coolant to the torsion bar.

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