RU2244584C1 - Small-sized high performance separator "kolibry" ("humming-bird") - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: devices for trapping of finely dispersed liquid and solid particles from a gas stream.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is intended for trapping of finely dispersed liquid and solid particles from a gas stream in a field of centrifugal forces. The separator contains: a vertical cylindrical body, a horizontal partition, an inlet branch-pipe, an outlet branch-pipe, an overflow connecting pipes, a baffle, a vertical separative package consisting of vertical flat bent separative plates. To raise efficiency of the device and to increase its productivity by liquid and gaseous phases the bent ends of the plates are directed to the different sides in respect to the external and internal diameters of the separative package. The axial line of the inlet branch-pipe is shifted in respect to an axial line of the body of the device by Ѕ of the diameter of the inlet branch-pipe. At that the diameter of the inlet branch-pipe does not exceed 1/4 of the body diameter. The baffle installed on a course of rotation of the gas-liquid stream has the maximum possible cross-section. At that along the course of the stream run it converges in level and increases in height and still keeping the cross-sectional area. At the end of the upper converged part of the baffle there is the arch-shaped plate descending along the run of the gas-liquid stream and directed relatively to a horizontal line at an angle of 15°-30°. Along the course of rotation of the gas-liquid stream with a clearance in respect to the inner side of the body there is a bent plate, which lower ends go under the lower cover of the baffle.

EFFECT: the invention ensures a raise of efficiency and productivity of the device by liquid and gaseous phases.

2 dwg

Description

The invention is intended for the deposition of fine and aerosol liquid and solid particles from a gas stream in a field of centrifugal forces and is used in the oil, gas, machine-building, food, chemical and other industries.

Known separator (ed. St. 1066629, 01 D 45/12, 1984), containing a vertical cylindrical body, divided into chambers by horizontal partitions with axial holes, inside of which there are separation elements made in the form of curved blades mounted on a multi-lead Archimedes spiral working on twisting and untwisting the flow, while the output ends of the blades are inclined to the generatrix of the surface of the truncated cone at an acute angle to the direction of rotation of the flow, the base of the elements working while the flow is twisted, equipped with prefabricated cones and watertight tubes, a diffuser is mounted on the lower partition, a confuser with an annular droplet separator, inclined perforations on the upper partition, a tangential inlet pipe equipped with a guiding deflector, a pipe for removing the separated liquid is installed in the lower part of the body, in the upper part - output to remove the purified gas stream.

A disadvantage of the known device is the design complexity and limited use, because the use of a tangentially supplied inlet pipe for high pressure separators (gas condensate fields) is not recommended, because this design solution leads to a weakening of the apparatus due to the presence of abrasive particles (sand) in the gas stream; for this design, the presence of solid particles in a gas-liquid stream is undesirable, because there is a possibility of clogging of the drain devices; the use of a diffuser and a confuser with an annular baffle bar limits the range of loads in the gas and liquid phases, since their increase leads to partial slippage of the formed liquid film between the inclined notch during transportation to the outlet; operation of the device in plug mode is excluded, because the inlet pipe is located in the lower part of the housing, the gas-liquid mixture is sent from the bottom up, which ultimately will lead to overloading of the drain devices and, as a result, choking the separator.

Closer to the proposed one is a separator (patent RU 2188062) containing a vertical cylindrical body divided by an annular partition into lower and upper separation chambers, inlet and outlet pipes, a deflector, a separation bag with vertical plates constituting slotted channels, a reflector in the separator inlet pipe a cone-divider is installed with spiral plates fixed on its surface with an angle of rotation along the length of the cone by 180 ° with the ratio of the height of the cone to the inner diameter of the input pa tube (2.3-2.5): 1 and an annular gap formed by the inner diameter of the nozzle and the diameter of the base of the cone, with a ratio of the gap to the cross-sectional area of the nozzle 1: (2.8-3), while the generatrix of the conical surface intersects the inner forming a cylindrical surface of the inlet pipe at a point spaced from the separator body at a distance of two inner diameters of the inlet pipe; at the end, in the direction of the gas-liquid mixture, the curved deflector is equipped with a chipper-chipper; concentric rings are installed on the annular horizontal partition with a slight overlap and annular gap, over the upper edge of which pockets-traps are mounted, consisting of interconnected horizontal washers and a cylindrical ring.

A disadvantage of the known device is that the troughs, tapering in the direction of movement of the liquid film in them to the inner surface of the apparatus body, cover a significant part of the live section between the housing and the separation bag, which in the latter case leads to an increase in pressure losses in the apparatus, the chaotic movement of gas-liquid mixtures in this space and entrainment of a significant part of the liquid phase into the inside of the separation bag; in addition, the gap located behind the troughs in the direction of flow is completely blocked, i.e. does not participate in the separation process and creates additional pressure losses; the presence of two chambers - the upper and lower, interconnected by a water-tight drain, makes the construction cumbersome and inefficient. An increase in gas load leads to an increase in the resistance of the separation unit, i.e. to increase the pressure difference in the lower and upper chambers. In order for the water seal to cope, it is necessary to increase it in height, i.e. increase the height of the device.

The technical solution to the problem is to increase the separation efficiency, increase productivity and reduce pressure losses by eliminating these drawbacks.

The problem is achieved in that the curved ends of the plates are directed in different directions with respect to the outer and inner diameters of the separation bag, the axial line of the inlet pipe is horizontally offset relative to the axial line of the apparatus body by 1/2 the diameter of the inlet pipe, while the diameter of the inlet pipe does not exceed 1 / 4 body diameters, the deflector installed in the direction of rotation of the gas-liquid stream has the maximum allowable cross-section, and along the stream it narrows horizontally and increases in height, while maintaining the cross-sectional area, at the end of the upper narrowed part of the deflector an arc-shaped plate is installed, descending along the gas-liquid flow and directed relative to the horizontal at an angle of 15-30 °, a curved plate is installed with a gap to the inner side of the body, which the lower end goes under the bottom cover of the deflector.

According to the patent and scientific and technical literature, no similar claimability of the totality of features was found, which allows one to judge the inventive step of the proposal.

Figure 1 shows a small-sized high-performance separator "Hummingbird" in cross section;

Figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1.

The apparatus consists of a vertical cylindrical body 1, a horizontal partition 2 with a cylindrical hole 3, over which there is an outlet pipe 4, an inlet pipe 5 connected to the housing 1 in its upper part, a deflector 6, forming a rotational movement of the gas-liquid flow inside the separator, at the end of which an arcuate plate 7 is installed in the upper narrowed part, descending along the rotation of the gas-liquid flow and directed towards the horizontal at an angle of 15 ° -30 °. The vertical separation package 8 consists of vertical flat curved separation plates 9. The ends of the flat curved plates 9 are directed in different directions with respect to the inner and outer diameters of the package. The plates 9 are strengthened along the inner perimeter of the annular partition 2 and allow to maintain the same and constant size of the slotted channels in the area of their overlap 10.

An annular gap is formed in the upper part of the separation package 8 between the lower outer surface of the outlet pipe 11 and the inner surface of the upper part of the plates 9, which, together with the inner surface of the horizontal annular partition 2, forms a pocket-trap 12.

Inside the lower part of the separation plates 9 there is a flat bottom 13, raised relative to the lower edge of the plates 9 and having a radial clearance 14 relative to them and connected by means of radial plates 15 at a distance of 0.1-0.15 of the diameter of the separation element with a false bottom 16 located above a washer 17 mounted above the drain pipe 18. An annular gap 19 is formed between the separator housing 1 and the washer 17.

In the direction of rotation of the gas-liquid flow, a curved plate 20 is installed directly with a gap to the inner side of the housing, and its lower end extends under the lower cover of the deflector.

Small-sized high-performance separator "Hummingbird" works as follows.

The gas-liquid mixture is supplied to the apparatus through the inlet pipe 5 located in its upper part. The installation of the inlet pipe, horizontally offset relative to the axial line of the body, allows you to create a sliding impact on the surface of the deflector, the maximum displacement value is determined by the factor, which should not be used to additionally strengthen the strength of the seam of the part.

The deflector 6 prevents the flow of gas into the axial zone of the separation package 8 without prior separation of the gas suspension. The use of a baffle with a varying cross-section (at the beginning it increases its cross-section to the maximum permissible value, after which it tapers horizontally and increases in height, while maintaining the cross-sectional area in the widest possible section), it allows minimizing the pressure loss in this area by maintaining the value speed, due to the preservation of the living cross section, remove horizontally at the outlet of the deflector the gas-liquid flow from the slotted channels of the separation package 8, and uniformly edotochit load of the liquid phase and at the same time by a minimum gap at the outlet vent and surface tension "flatten" the liquid phase separator to the inner surface, which eventually improves the separation process.

In the space formed by the wall of the housing 1 and the plates 9, the bulk of the liquid is released from the gas stream. Drops of liquid are discarded by centrifugal force on the walls of the separator housing 1 and under the influence of gravitational forces along the rotation of the gas stream in a downward spiral are transported through the annular gap 19 to the drain pipe 18.

A finely divided droplet liquid that has not settled on the housing 1 enters the outer surface of the vertical plates 9 and is transported by a gas stream through the tangential inlet slots, falling onto their inner surface.

Since the tangential gaps do not narrow downstream, the pressure loss to local resistances is reduced, which will generally affect the pressure loss in the apparatus.

The use of plates 9, the curved ends of which are directed in opposite directions with respect to the inner diameter of the separation package, allows a liquid film moving along the rotation of the gas stream to be transported from the end of one plate to the beginning of another, while maintaining a tangent trajectory of its motion relative to the breakdown from the plates the inner diameter of the separation bag.

The use of plates 9 of this configuration contributes to an increase in their number and, consequently, in the total area of vertical slots 10, which has a positive effect on increasing the gas load and reducing the hydrodynamic losses of the separation package 8.

At the end of the upper narrowed part of the deflector 6, an arcuate plate 7 is installed, descending along the gas-liquid flow and directed towards the horizontal line at an angle of 15 ° -30 °. Such an engineering solution allowed the gas-liquid flow vector rotating between the housing and the separation bag to spiral downward, i.e. along a downward curve, as a result of which the gas layer rotating directly along the inner surface of the separation bag was divided into three layers with its axial velocity vectors: directly at the wall — directed downward, then a minor layer “fixed” and the next 3 main layer directed upward. The presence of the first layer with the direction of the axial velocity vector downward allowed dropping (depending on the mode) dew, droplets, film downward, avoiding additional guides that remove particles of the liquid phase in a spiral downward.

Descending along the inner surface of the plates 9, the liquid particles, approaching the lower edge, slide off and fall on the surface of the washer 17, from where they are transported through the annular gap 19 in the direction of the drain pipe 18.

Thus, the introduction of the proposed small-sized high-performance separator "Hummingbird" allows you to:

- to reduce the pressure loss and increase the productivity of the apparatus due to the execution of vertical plates, the ends of which are directed in different directions with respect to both the external and internal diameters of the separation package (this allowed to increase the number of these plates, and therefore the number of slotted channels with their preservation sections without changing the dimensions of the separation bag);

- in a much better way to maintain the structure of the rotating gas-liquid flow in the area between the bag and the separator body, reduce aerodynamic drag in this area by eliminating the living area occupied by the rectangular gutters, and will also allow all slotted channels to work in full force by eliminating the previously existing a barrier;

- the movement of the gas flow in a downward spiral eliminated a significant number of components that serve to transport the liquid film inside the package to the inner surface of the separator housing, to make the design technological, cheaper to manufacture;

- to avoid breaking the structure of the rotational flow from both the outer and inner sides of the separation package, to strengthen the nascent gas drying process, i.e. dew point reduction.

Claims (1)

A separator comprising a vertical cylindrical body, a horizontal partition, an inlet, outlet, drain pipe, deflector, a vertical separation package consisting of vertical flat curved separation plates, which form slotted channels in the overlapping zone, characterized in that the curved ends of the plates are directed in different directions with respect to the outer and inner diameters of the separation bag, the axial line of the inlet pipe is horizontally offset relative to the axial line of the apparatus body by 1/2 diameter the inlet pipe, while the diameter of the inlet pipe does not exceed 1/4 of the diameter of the housing, the deflector installed in the direction of rotation of the gas-liquid stream has the maximum allowable cross-section, and along the stream it narrows horizontally and increases in height, while maintaining the cross-sectional area , at the end of the upper narrowed part of the deflector an arcuate plate is installed, descending along the gas-liquid flow and directed relative to the horizontal at an angle of 15-30 °, along the rotation of the gas-liquid flow from the gap A curved plate is installed to the inner side of the body, which with its lower end extends under the lower cover of the deflector.

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