RU2124610C1 - Device for taking water from ground water sources and for purifying it - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water supply systems and equipment. SUBSTANCE: device has filtering water intake unit in the form of enclosed chamber with filtering stuff, drain system, and pipe for branching out purified water. Also provided is pump with pressure pipeline to which ejector is connected. Filtering water intake unit is provided with mixing chamber which communicates with filtering chamber through drain system. Mixing chamber has inlet hole possessing non-return valve. By means of pressure pipeline mixing chamber is connected with ejector. Suction pipe union of ejector is connected with tank containing solution of coagulating agent. Above-filter space of enclosed chamber with filtering stuff is connected by means of pressure pipeline with hydraulic cyclone. Pipe union of this hydraulic cyclone intended for discharge of sediment is directed towards collecting pit. Pipe union intended for branching out of processed water is directed towards ground surface water source. Pipe intended for branching out purified water is self-flowing. Application of aforesaid device improves quality of water taken from source as to characteristics of its turbidity and color in compliance with requirements of quality of drinking water with utilization of reagents. Prevented is pollution of ground surface water source by reagents which are added to water being treated. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to water supply, is intended for abstraction of water from surface water sources and its purification directly in these sources.

 Known water-intake devices, the main element of which is a filtering water intake [1]. These devices provide water purification to a certain extent from suspended solids and floating particles. However, these devices do not provide deep clarification and discoloration of water to potable quality, since they do not provide for the possibility of reagent water purification.

 Closest to the invention in technical essence is a device for collecting water from surface sources [2], which contains a filtering water intake in the form of a closed chamber with a filtering load and a drainage system connected by a pipe to a pump located in the onshore structure. A reduced diameter pipe with an ejector is connected to the pressure pipe. This device also does not provide deep clarification and decolorization of water to drinking quality, since it does not provide for the possibility of reagent water purification.

 The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of the water extracted from the water source in terms of turbidity and color before drinking using reagents, while preventing pollution of the surface water source with reagents added to the treated water. This goal is achieved by the fact that in the installation for water intake and purification, including a filtering water intake in the form of a closed chamber with a filter load, a drainage system and a pipe that discharges purified water, as well as a pump with a pressure pipe to which an ejector is connected, the filtering water intake is additionally equipped a displacement chamber communicating with the filter chamber through the drainage system. The mixing chamber has an inlet equipped with a check valve. It is connected by means of a pressure pipe to the ejector, the suction pipe of which is connected to the tank for the coagulant solution. The filter space of the closed chamber with the filter charge is connected via a pressure pipe to a hydrocyclone, in which the pipe for sludge discharge is directed towards the storage well, the pipe for discharging treated water is directed toward the surface water source, and the pipe for discharging purified water is self-flowing.

 The device of the mixing chamber, into which the coagulant is fed through the pressure pipe through the pressure pipe and the connection of this chamber to the filter chamber through the drainage system, allows reagent water treatment, for example, in contact clarification and bleaching mode [3,4]. Thus, waters with turbidity up to 120 mg / l and color up to 120 degrees can be purified to drinkable quality (turbidity up to 1.5 mg / l and color up to 20 degrees). The connection of the filter chamber space of the closed chamber with the filter charge by means of a pressure pipe with a hydrocyclone, in which the sludge discharge pipe is directed towards the storage well and the treated water pipe is directed towards the surface water source, provides for periodic washing of the filter layer with the removal of wash water with sludge from the water intake, separating sludge from the bulk of the wash water, transporting the sludge to the storage well and returning the cleaned wash water to a surface water source.

 The equipment of the inlet of the mixing chamber with a non-return valve helps to prevent coagulant solution and sediment from entering the surface water source during periodic washing of the filter layer.

 The drawing shows an installation for the collection and purification of water from surface water sources.

в водоприемной камере 17. В камере фильтрования 3 расположен фильтрующий слой из тяжелой загрузки, например, из кварцевого песка. В нижних слоях фильтрующей загрузки расположена дренажная система 18, имеющая свободный выход в камеру смешения 2 и соединенная напорным трубопроводом подачи промывной воды 19 с напорным трубопроводом насоса 13. На трубопроводе 19 установлена задвижка 20. Надфильтровое пространство 21 должно иметь высоту не менее 45% от толщины фильтрующего слоя [4, стр. 35, табл. 23] . Это пространство 21 соединено трубой для отвода чистой воды 22, оборудованной задвижкой 23, с водоприемной камерой 17, а также трубой отвода промывной воды 30, оборудованной задвижкой 24, с входным патрубком гидроциклона 25, у которого патрубок сброса осадка 26 направлен в сторону колодца-накопителя 27, а труба для отвода очищенной промывной воды 28 направлена в сторону поверхностного водоисточника. Установка содержит также камеру переключений 29.The installation includes a water inlet 1, divided by a solid partition into a mixing chamber 2 and a closed filter chamber 3. At the inlet of the mixing chamber, a fish protection device 4 and a check valve 5 are provided. The mixing chamber 2 is equipped with guide baffles 6 for mixing the source water with a coagulant solution. In addition, a coagulant solution supply pipe 7 is fitted to the upper part of the mixing chamber, equipped with a valve 8 and connected to an ejector 9, the suction pipe of which is connected to the coagulant solution tank 10. The ejector is also connected using a reduced diameter pipe 11 equipped with a valve 12, s the pressure pipe of the pump 13. To the same pressure pipe is connected to the pipe supplying the consumer with clean water 14, equipped with a valve 15. To the suction pipe of the pump 13 is connected to a suction valve 16, lowered to the level water

in the water receiving chamber 17. In the filtering chamber 3, a filter layer from a heavy load, for example, from quartz sand, is located. In the lower layers of the filter load, there is a drainage system 18, which has a free exit to the mixing chamber 2 and is connected by a pressure pipe for washing water supply 19 to a pressure pipe of the pump 13. A valve 20 is installed on the pipe 19. The filter space 21 must have a height of at least 45% of the thickness filter layer [4, p. 35, table. 23]. This space 21 is connected by a pipe for draining clean water 22, equipped with a valve 23, to a water intake chamber 17, and also a pipe for draining water 30, equipped with a valve 24, with an inlet pipe of a hydrocyclone 25, in which a pipe for dumping sediment 26 is directed towards the storage well 27, and the pipe for draining the cleaned wash water 28 is directed towards the surface of the water source. The installation also contains a switching chamber 29.

 Installation for the collection and purification of water from surface sources is as follows.

При этом вода из водоисточника поступает через рыбозащитное устройство 4 при открытом клапане 5 в камеру смешения 2. В верхнюю часть этой же камеры по трубе 7 подается раствор коагулянта, который в концентрированном виде хранится в баке 10 и с помощью эжектора 9 задвижек 12 и 8 доводится до нужной концентрации и дозируется. При движении исходной воды сверху вниз в камере смешения происходит равномерное распределение раствора коагулянта по всему объему обрабатываемой воды. Этому способствуют направляющие перегородки 6 камеры смешения 2. Смешанная с коагулянтом вода поступает через дренажную систему 18 в камеру фильтрования 3 и, двигаясь снизу вверх через фильтрующую загрузку, осветляется и обесцвечивается. При соблюдении технологических требований, изложенных в п. п. 6.126 - 6.133 [4] в установке будет обеспечено осветление и обесцвечивание воды до требований ГОСТ 2874-82 "Вода питьевая". Очищенная вода по трубе 22 поступает в водоприемную камеру 17, откуда через приемный клапан 16 насоса 13 по трубе 14 транспортируется к потребителям. Часть этой воды направляется по трубе уменьшенного диаметра 11 для эжектрирования раствора коагулянта.In the water treatment mode, valves 24 and 20 are closed, and valves 23, 12, 15 and 8 are open. When the pump 13 is operating, a level difference is created between the water level in the HC water source and the water level in the intake chamber 7

In this case, water from the water source enters through the fish protection device 4 with the valve 5 open into the mixing chamber 2. The coagulant solution is supplied through the pipe 7 to the upper part of the same chamber, which is stored in concentrated form in the tank 10 and brought with the aid of the ejector 9 to the valves 12 and 8 to the desired concentration and is dosed. When the source water moves from top to bottom in the mixing chamber, the coagulant solution is evenly distributed over the entire volume of the treated water. This is facilitated by the guiding partitions 6 of the mixing chamber 2. The water mixed with the coagulant enters through the drainage system 18 into the filter chamber 3 and, moving from bottom to top through the filter load, is clarified and discolored. Subject to the technological requirements set forth in clauses 6.126 - 6.133 [4], the unit will provide clarification and discoloration of water to the requirements of GOST 2874-82 "Drinking water". The purified water through the pipe 22 enters the intake chamber 17, from where it is transported to the consumers through the inlet valve 16 of the pump 13 through the pipe 14. Part of this water is directed through a pipe of reduced diameter 11 to eject the coagulant solution.

 To flush the filter load in the chamber 3, it is necessary to close the valves 23,15,12,8 and open the valves 20 and 24. The same valves control the washing intensity. The washing water from the chamber 17 is pumped through a pipe 19 to the drainage system 18. This automatically closes the inlet of the mixing chamber 2 with a check valve 5. The washing water, rising from the bottom up, removes pollution from the filter load and, under pressure provided by the pump 13, the pipe 30 is fed into the hydrocyclone 25. Using the hydrocyclone 25, the sediment is separated from the main volume of the wash water. Sludge through the pipe 26 is sent to the storage well 27, and the purified wash water through the pipe 28 is discharged into the water source.

Compared with the base facility, which is the traditional scheme: water intake - treatment facilities, the proposed installation has the following advantages:
1. Water quality is improved in terms of turbidity and color in most cases to the requirements of GOST "Drinking water". Consequently, there is no need to build expensive treatment facilities.

 2. The reliability of water purification in the intake increases, depending on the quality of the source water, since thanks to the system consisting of a solution tank - a coagulant, an ejector and two valves (before and after the ejector), it is possible to easily control the coagulant dose.

 The proposed installation for the abstraction and purification of water can be used for drinking and technical water supply of settlements and most sectors of industrial and agricultural production. Such installations can be mobile, compact (factory-made), they can be used for field and military water supply.

List of references
1. Zhurba M.G., Mezeneva E.A., Chudnovsky S.M. Water purification in the intake unit. HERE. Water supply and sanitary equipment. Stroyizdat, Publ. Strobel, N 5, 1995, p. 12-15.

 2. USSR author's certificate N 1528873, cl. E 03 B 3/32.

 3. Nikoladze G.I. Water supply. Textbook for technical schools. M., Stroyizdat, 1979, p. 140.

 4. SNiP 2.04.02-84. Water supply. External networks and facilities. M., 1985, p. 22 (table 15, item 7).

Claims (1)

 Installation for collecting and purifying water from surface water sources, including a filtering water intake in the form of a closed chamber with a filter load, a drainage system and a pipe that discharges purified water, as well as a pump with a pressure pipe to which an ejector is connected, characterized in that the filtering water intake additionally contains the mixing chamber communicating with the filter chamber through the drainage system, and the mixing chamber having an inlet equipped with a check valve is connected by means of a pipeline with an ejector, the suction pipe of which is connected to the coagulant solution tank, and the superfilter space of the closed chamber with filter loading is connected via a pressure pipe with a hydrocyclone, in which the pipe for sludge discharge is directed towards the storage well, the pipe for draining the treated water is directed to side of the surface water source, and the pipe for draining treated water is gravity.