RU2112508C1 - Method of treatment and prophylaxis of sarcoptoidosis in animals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary science, animal husbandry. SUBSTANCE: method involves the use of 3,5-diiodo-3'-chloro-4'-(p-chlorophenoxy)-salicylanilide (disalane) at dose 2-40 mg/kg animal body mass by parenteral or oral administration of solution. Preparation can be used in combination with other antiparasitic agents - ivermectin, avermectin, closantel. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of treatment, broadened amount of acaricide agents. 2 cl, 3 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the field of veterinary medicine - a method for the prevention and treatment of animal sarcoptidoses using 3,5-diiod-3'-chloro-4 '- (p-chlorophenoxy) -salicylanilide (disalan).

 There is a method of combating sarcoptoidosis by treating animals with aqueous emulsions of acaricidal preparations, for example, creolin, hexachloran, neocidol, stomazan, ciodrin, etc. [1].

 The specified method of combating animal sarcoptoidosis is quite effective, however, it has significant drawbacks - the inability to use it in the cold season, the relatively high consumption of acaricides when buying unshorn sheep, and the uneven distribution of the emulsion in animals. In addition, a number of known acaricides have now developed resistance.

 Known anthelmintic disalan-3,5-diiodo-3'-chloro-4 '- (p-chlorophenoxy) -salicylanilide, which is highly active when used in the form of solutions [2]. However, the use of this drug to combat animal sarcoptosis has not been described.

 In order to increase the effectiveness of the method of combating sarcoptoidosis, reduce consumption and expand the range of acaricidal agents, a new method for the prevention and treatment of animal sarcoptidoses has been developed, characterized in that 3,5-diiod-3'-chloro-4 '- is used as an acaricide -chlorophenoxy) -salicylanilide (disalan) in the form of a solution, parenterally or orally at a dose of 8-40 mg / kg of animal body weight.

 Disalan solutions were prepared in a known manner using biologically harmless solvents and additives [2].

 At a dose of 8–40 mg / kg of the animal’s body weight, disalan, administered parenterally or orally in the form of a solution, causes the death of ticks on days 7–14 from the start of treatment.

 The drug has a pronounced preventive effect. A single subcutaneous or intramuscular injection of disalan at a dose of 15 mg / kg body weight protects the sheep from infection with scabies for 20 days.

 Disalan can be used in conjunction with anthelmintics that can simultaneously inhibit the development and vital activity of ectoparasites of domestic animals (closantel, avermectin, ivermectin). In this case, the dose of disalan can be reduced (up to 2-8 mg / kg), as well as the dose of the jointly used antiparasitic agent.

 In these doses, disalan does not cause visible signs of toxicosis in animals.

 1. Preparation of solutions.

 For biological tests, 4-20% solutions of disalan prepared using biologically harmless solvents (dimethylacetamide, methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, polyethylene glycol, benzyl and ethyl alcohols, benzoic acid esters, etc.) and antiseptic additives (benzyl alcohol, chlorobutanol), emulsifiers (tween, OP-7) and cosolvents (triethanolamine, ethanolamine, etc.).

 The composition of some solutions is given in table. one.

 2. Toxicity.

 Example 1. 20 white mice weighing 18 - 20 g, divided into two equal groups, were injected subcutaneously once in a solution at a dose of 45 (group N 1) and 90 (group N 2) mg / kg body weight. During the observation period (seven days), not a single animal fell in the first group, 50% of the mice died in the second.

 Example 2. 4 sheep of two years of age of the Volgograd breed were injected intramuscularly disalan in the form of a 16% solution at a dose of 64 mg / kg of animal body weight. During the period observed (15 days) deaths of animals were not observed.

 3. Acaricidal activity.

 Example 3. 20 sheep of two years with clinical signs of scabies were divided into four groups of 5 animals each. Each group of sheep was placed in an individual box. Disalan in the form of a 10-16% solution prepared on a mixture of dimethylacetamide, polyethylene glycol and triethanolamine was administered twice with an interval of 7 days intramuscularly at doses of 6, 10 and 16 mg / kg of animal body weight. The treatment results were judged on the basis of counting ticks in seven scrapings taken from actively affected areas with an area of 1 x 1 cm, and the manifestation of clinical signs of the disease.

 The experimental data are presented in table. 2.

 Example 4. 18 sheep of two years with clinical signs of scabies were divided into 6 groups of 3 sheep in each group. Sheep of all groups, except the control, was injected twice with an interval of 10 days subcutaneously disalan in the form of solutions N 1 - 5 at a dose of 12 mg / kg of animal body weight. All animals treated with disalan were completely released from ticks on the 14th day after the first administration of disalan. Skin lesions disappeared on day 40-50 from the start of treatment. In the control, the average number of ticks was 46 individuals per animal.

 Example 5. 4 sheep of two years with clinical signs of scabies were intramuscularly injected once with a 16% solution of disalan in a dose of 16 mg / kg of the animal’s body (according to ADV). The experimental animals were placed in a flock affected by scabies. On the seventh day after administration of disalan, the animals freed from parasites. Live mites were absent in scrapings taken from experimental animals that were found for 14 days among invaded animals. Of the four sheep free from ticks placed in the same herd, three showed signs of the disease on days 8-12.

 Example 6. 8 sheep of two years old, affected by scabies, were divided into two equal groups. One of the groups was a control. Sheep of the experimental group was orally twice with an interval of 7 days disalan in the form of a 20% solution at a dose of 40 mg / kg of body weight of the animal. By the 14th day of the disease, all animals were free of ticks. In the control group, the lesion was 46 ticks per animal.

 Example 7. 10 sheep of two years with clinical signs of scabies were divided into two equal groups. The first group was injected with a 10% solution at a dose of 8 mg / kg body weight three times with an interval of 7 to 20 days. On the 35th – 40th day after drug administration, the experimental animals were completely free of ticks. Clinical signs of scabies were absent. Whereas in the control group, on average, 62 ticks per head were recorded.

 Example 8. 15 heads of cattle of two, five years of age with a clinic of scabies were divided into 5 equal groups. One of the groups was a control. Disalan in the form of a 10-16% solution was administered twice with an interval of 7 days, subcutaneously at a dose of 6, 8, 10 and 12 mg / kg of animal body weight.

 The test results are given in table. 3.

 On the 15-20th day after treatment, a marked improvement in the clinical condition of the animals was observed. Skin lesions disappeared by the 40th day, the hair grew again.

 Example 9. 150 sheep spontaneously infected with scabies were treated by subcutaneous administration of a 10% solution of disalan at a dose of 10 mg / kg body weight. The treatment of animals with disalan was repeated after 7 days. On the 25th day of observation, all experimental animals were released from ticks.

 Example 10. 12 sheep with clinical signs of scabies were divided into 3 groups of 4 animals in each group. Sheep was injected subcutaneously with a solution of disalan with ivermectin. The animals of the first group received a solution of disalan in an amount of 2 mg / kg and ivermectin - 0.15 mg / kg, the second - 5 mg / kg and 0.1 mg / kg, respectively, the third - 8 mg and 0.05 mg per 1 kg of weight body. Sheep treatment was repeated after 8 days. After 30 days in scrapings of the skin of animals, all groups of ticks were not found.

 Example 11. Three sheep infected with scabies were subcutaneously injected with a solution of disalan and closantel in the amount of 5 and 7 mg / kg body weight. The treatment of animals was repeated after 7 days. On the 30th day of observation, all animals were released from ticks.

 Thus, the experimental data presented show that disalan, applied in the form of a 4 - 20% solution, parenterally or orally, once or repeatedly, by itself or in a mixture with other antiparasitic drugs, is a highly effective agent in the fight against animal sarcoptosis.

 The use of disalan in the form of a solution allows you to rationally spend the drug, increases the efficiency of processing and expands the range of applied acaricidal agents.

Sources of information
1. Instructions for the fight against sarcoptoidosis of sheep and goats from 12.29.81 GUV of the Ministry of Agriculture of the USSR (prototype).

 2. A method of obtaining a solution of anthelmintic and a method for the treatment of helminthiases, RF patent N 2002460, bull. N 41 - 42.

Claims (2)

 1. A method for the treatment and prevention of animal sarcoptoidosis by treating their body with an acaricide, characterized in that 3,5-diiod-3'-chloro-4 '- (n-chlorophenoxy) salicylanilide is used as an acaricide in the form of a solution parenterally or orally at a dose of 2 - 40 mg / kg of body weight of the animal.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that 3,5-diiod-3'-chloro-4 '- (p-chlorophenoxy) -salicylanilide is used at a dose of 2-8 mg / kg in a mixture with ivermectin at a dose of 0, 05 - 0.15 mg / kg or closantel at a dose of 7 mg / kg body weight.

Images