RU2196203C1 - Method of installing mounted equipment of berkut drill-pile driver - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction and road-building equipment; applicable in construction of underground structures in the form of foundation in civil, industrial and transportation construction engineering. SUBSTANCE: method consists in that for installation of drilling tool included into mounted equipment, secured to carriage is casing equipment, and drill telescopic rod is suspended through swivel on rope of main winch, and drilling tool is secured to rod end. Additionally used in set of mounted equipment is endless auger and hydraulic hammer for pile driving, changeable mast cap. With use of rotator for driving the drilling tool, rotator is moved along guides with the help of hydraulic cylinder. With use of rotator as drive of endless auger, rotator is moved with the help of auxiliary winch. In case of necessity of use of endless auger, one cap is replaced with the other and casing equipment, drilling tool, drill rod and hydraulic cylinder moving the rotator are dismantled. Mounted on lower part of mast is support secured to rope of main winch via pulley block is rotator for its motion downward. When hydraulic hammer is needed, rotator and associate equipment are dismantled, and hydraulic hammer is installed on guide mast and suspended via pulley block, and secured to rope of main winch. EFFECT: reduced labor input, higher efficiency of using expensive special equipment for construction of pile foundations by extension of functional potentialities of machine. 8 cl, 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to road construction equipment and can be used for the construction of underground structures - foundations in civil, industrial and transport construction.

 A known method of mounting attachments of a machine for erecting supports containing a running trolley with a turntable, an arrow mounted in front of the turntable, a mast with rails, a winch with a cable and a drive mounted on a turntable, a rotator mounted on the mast guides and hydraulic system, which consists in the fact that for the installation of a drilling tool included in attachments, a drill tool is suspended and mounted on a winch cable for the construction of supporting bored piles, o is born and supporting structures (see. RU 2041334, publ. 09.08.1995).

 The disadvantage of this method is the inability to use various attachments, in particular hydraulic hammers for driving piles and dowels and casing equipment. In addition, the known method in some cases does not provide sufficient efficiency and the necessary efficiency, has significant energy losses, which reduces the speed of installation and stabilization and reliability.

 A known method of mounting attachments of a drilling machine comprising a running trolley with a turntable, an arrow fixed to the front of the turntable, a mast with guides and a head, a main and auxiliary winch with a cable and a drive mounted on a turntable, a mast faceplate, a rotator mounted on the mast guides, the hydraulic system, which consists in the fact that for mounting a drilling tool included in the attachment, casing is attached to the undercarriage, and on the main winch cable is suspended through a swivel with a drill rod, on the shank of which a drilling tool is mounted (see US patent 4126193, publ. 21.11.1978).

 The disadvantage of this method is its complexity and high operating costs, the use of machines with various structural bases during drilling and driving piles and sheet piles, as well as the inability to use hydraulic hammers for driving piles and sheet piles, i.e. the impossibility of multipurpose use.

 As the closest analogue (prototype), the method of mounting attachments of a drilling and piling machine containing a running trolley with a rotary platform, an arrow fixed to the front of the rotary platform, a mast with guides, a support on its lower part and a head, the main and auxiliary winch with a cable and a drive mounted on a rotary platform, a rotator mounted on a guide mast, an endless screw and a hammer for driving piles included in the set of attachments, which consists in that if it is necessary to use a hammer, the rotator and the attachments used with it are dismantled, the hammer is mounted on the guide masts and suspended via the chain hoist on the main winch cable (see AS USSR 1760015, class E 02 D 7/00, publ. 07.09 .1992).

 The disadvantages of the method chosen as a prototype are significant energy losses, which reduces the installation and stabilization speed and reliability, complexity and high operating costs, the impossibility of multi-purpose use, in particular the inability to use hydraulic hammers for driving piles and dowels and casing equipment, use with the above operations of machines with various design bases, in addition, the known method in some cases does not provide ary effectiveness and efficiency required.

 The objective of the invention is to increase productivity, the use of expensive special equipment for the construction of pile foundations by expanding the functionality of the machine, reducing energy and labor costs, labor and equipment costs while increasing the speed and reliability of installation and dismantling, thereby realizing the optimality criterion of "complexity" - cost - efficiency, i.e. obtaining maximum efficiency at an acceptable (reduced) complexity and cost of technology.

 This task is achieved by the fact that in the known method of mounting attachments of a drilling and piling machine containing a running trolley with a rotary platform, an arrow fixed to the front of the rotary platform, a mast with guides, a support on its lower part and a head, the main and auxiliary winch with with a cable and drive installed on a rotary platform, a rotator mounted on a guide mast, an endless screw and hammer for driving piles included in the set of attachments, which consists in the fact that If it is necessary to use a hammer, the rotator and the attachment used with it are dismantled, the hammer is mounted on the guide masts and suspended from the main winch via the chain hoist, the drill tool and casing equipment are additionally used in the attachment kit, the mast is attached to the boom using the faceplate, the mast head is performed interchangeable, while for mounting the drilling tool included in the set of attachments, a casing is attached to the undercarriage e, and on the cable of the main winch a telescopic drill rod is suspended through a swivel, on which a boring tool is mounted, and when using a rotator to drive a drilling tool, the rotator is moved along the guides using the hydraulic cylinder, and when using the rotator to drive an endless screw, the the rotator is carried out using an auxiliary winch, and if necessary, use the drilling tool included in the canopy th equipment is replaced with one another on the head part of the mast, dismantle the support mast mounted casing equipment, drilling tools, drill rod and cylinder move the spinner, and if necessary, piling hammer used as a hydraulic hammer.

 As a drilling tool use a screw or bucket or core drill.

 As a drilling tool, a pressure grab is used.

 An extender is used as a drilling tool.

 The main and auxiliary winches have a "free reset" mode.

 The mast is installed with the possibility of forced swing around the hinge of the faceplate in the longitudinal and transverse planes.

 In the undercarriage, a gauge change mechanism is used.

 The hydraulic system uses quick disconnect couplings.

 In FIG. 1 shows a layout version of a boring and piling machine designed for the construction of bored and bored piles under the protection of casing pipes.

 FIG. 2 - layout version of a drilling and piling machine for drilling using an endless screw.

 FIG. 3 - layout version of a boring and piling machine for working with piling equipment.

 Figure 4 - drilling and piling machine in the transport position.

 The Berkut drilling and piling machine, in which the claimed installation method can be implemented, contains a running trolley 1 with elongated tracks and a gauge changing mechanism that allows to increase the width of the support contour due to the extension of the track beams from the hydraulic drive (not shown), the main winch 2 , auxiliary winch 3, similar in design to the main one, rotary platform 4, mast 5, hydraulic cylinders 6 for lifting mast 5 from horizontal to vertical position, pivotally mounted in front of the rotary platform 4 Trela 7 cylinders with lifting and lowering. The mast plate 8 of the mast 5 is attached to the boom 7. Depending on the operations performed during operation of the machine, the rotator 9 moves along the mast 5 guides, transmitting torque to the drilling tool 10 or the endless screw 11. The carriage 12 also moves along the mast 5 guides by moving the hydraulic cylinder rod 13. When using a drilling and piling machine for the construction of bored and bored piles under the protection of casing pipes (Fig. 1), casing equipment 14 for immersing casing pipes is attached to the undercarriage 1 of the machine, n the main winch cable 2 is suspended through a swivel 15 with a telescopic drill rod 16, on the shank of which a boring tool 10 is mounted (screw and bucket drills, core drills, pressure grab, expander), a rotator 9 is moved along the guide rods of the mast 5 to transmit the necessary torque moment of the drill rod 16 and the drill tool 10, due to the system of locks and grooves on the keys of the sections (not shown) of the telescopic rod 16 and on the rotary spindle of the rotator 9, the axial force of the hydraulic cylinder ne the rotator 9 is transferred to the drilling tool 10. When using a drilling and piling machine to perform drilling operations using the endless screw 11 (Fig. 2), the screw cleaning device 17 is installed to clean the screw 11 from the ground 11. To convert the machine from the embodiment of FIG. 1, the head 18 is installed in the embodiment of FIG. 2; a support 19 is mounted on the lower part of the mast 5. When using a machine with piling equipment (Fig. 3), a hydrohammer 20 with an impact mass of 4.5 t is suspended via a sheave of the main winch 2 of the machine through a chain hoist (not shown), for pulling and installing piles an auxiliary winch cable 3 is used, the verticality of the driven pile is achieved by manipulating the hydraulic cylinders 6 and 13 and is controlled by the corresponding device located in the driver's cab. The head 18 is replaced by the head 21.

 The claimed method of mounting attachments of a boring-and-piling machine containing a running trolley 1 with a rotary platform 4, an arrow 7 fixed in front of the rotary platform 4, a mast 5 with guides and a head 18, the main and auxiliary winch 2, 3 with a cable and a drive, mounted on the turntable 4, the faceplate 8 of the mast 5, the rotator 9 mounted on the guides of the mast 5, as follows.

 For mounting the drilling tool 10 (auger or bucket or core drill, grab, reamer) included in the attachment, casing equipment 14 is attached to the undercarriage 1. On the main winch cable 2, a telescopic drill rod 16 is suspended through the swivel 15. On the rod shaft 16 the drilling tool 10 is attached, and in the set of attachments, an endless screw 11 and a hydraulic hammer 20 are additionally used for driving piles, the mast head 18 can be replaced by head 21. When using the rotator 9 for drive the drilling tool 10, the movement of the rotator 9 is carried out along the guides using a hydraulic cylinder (not shown). When using the rotator 9 to drive the endless screw 11, the movement of the rotator 9 is carried out with the help of an auxiliary winch 3. If it is necessary to use the endless screw 11 included in the set of attachments, replace one head 18 with the head 21, dismantle the casing equipment 14, drilling tool 10, telescopic drill rod 16 and the rotator hydraulic cylinder. A support 19 is mounted on the lower part of the mast 5, a rotator 9 is attached to the cable of the main winch 2 through the chain hoist to move it down. If it is necessary to use a hydraulic hammer 20, which is included in the set of attachments, the rotator 9 and the attachments used with it are dismantled, the hydraulic hammer 20 is installed on the guide masts 5 and suspended and secured via the chain hoist on the cable of the main winch 2. The main and auxiliary winch 2, 3 have "free reset" mode. The mast 5 is installed with the possibility of forced swing around the hinge of the faceplate 8 in the longitudinal and transverse planes. The hydraulic system uses quick disconnect couplings.

 An example of the method.

 To ensure the functions of raising and lowering the telescopic drill rod (or hydraulic hammer) on the turntable 4, the main winch 2 is installed, driven by a hydraulic hammer 20 (Fig. 3) through a planetary gearbox built into the drum. To perform auxiliary operations - installation of casing pipes and arm frames, raising and lowering piles - an auxiliary winch 3 is installed on the rotary platform 4, similar in design to the main one. When using drilling equipment with an infinite screw 11, the auxiliary winch 3 can be used to transmit axial force to the drilling tool 10. The main and auxiliary winch 2, 3 have a "free reset" mode. In front of the turntable 4, a boom 7 is pivotally fixed with hydraulic cylinders for raising and lowering. Attached to the boom 7 is the faceplate 8 of the mast 5, which also has lifting cylinders 6 from horizontal to vertical. Depending on the operations performed during operation of the machine, the rotator 9 moves along the guides of the mast 5, transmitting torque to the drilling tool 10 or the hydraulic hammer 20 when driving the pile. The carriage 12 also moves along the guides of the mast 5 by moving the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 13. The sequential movement of the rods of the hydraulic cylinders for raising and lowering the mast 5, raising and lowering the boom 7, and moving the carriage 12 allows the mast 5 to be moved from a horizontal position (Fig. 4) to vertical and vice versa. The hinged attachment of the faceplate 8 of the mast 5 to the boom 7 allows leveling the mast 5 in the longitudinal and transverse plane due to the sequential or parallel movement of the rods of the hydraulic cylinders for lifting and lowering the mast 5. This operation allows us to achieve strict verticality of the pile being built in conditions of uneven relief of the construction site, which is especially important during the construction of bored piles.

 In the case of the construction of bored and bored piles under the protection of casing pipes, casing equipment 14 is attached to the undercarriage 1 of the machine to immerse the casing pipes as the soil is removed by the drilling tool 10 and to sequentially remove the casing pipes as the well is filled with concrete. On the cable of the main winch 2, a telescopic drill rod 16 is suspended through a swivel 15, on the shank of which a boring tool 10 is attached (screw and bucket drills, core drills, pressure head grab, expander). A rotator 9 is moved along the guides of the mast 5 from the hydraulic cylinder, which is designed to transmit the required torque to the telescopic drill rod 16 and the drill tool 10. Due to the system of locks and grooves on the keys of the sections of the telescopic rod 5 and on the rotary spindle of the rotator 9, the axial force of the rotator movement cylinder is transmitted to drilling tool 10, which increases the efficiency of excavation. In the case of drilling using an infinite screw 11, the screw 11 is immersed in the soil due to the torque transmitted by the rotator 9 and the axial force, which the screw 11 also receives through the rotator 9, moved by the auxiliary winch cable 3. The well is filled with concrete mix in the process of extracting the screw 11 by reverse rotation through the hollow "barrel" of the tool. To clean the screw 11 from the soil while removing it from the well, a device 17 for cleaning the screw 1 is installed on the bottom of the mast 5, passing through which the screw 11, which has received reverse rotation, is freed from the soil. For the conversion of the machine from the embodiment of FIG. 1 to the embodiment of FIG. 2, a head 18 is installed, the casing equipment 14 is dismantled; a support 19 is mounted on the lower part of the mast 5, the drill rod 16 is dismantled, an endless screw 11 is fixed on the main winch cable, the rotator 9 moving hydraulic cylinder is dismantled, and the main winch 2 cable is fixed to the rotator 9 through the block to move the rotator 9 down. In the case of working with piling equipment on the cable of the main winch 2, the machine 20 is suspended via a chain hoist 20 with an impact mass of 4.5 tons, which, as the pile is immersed, moves along the guides of the mast 5. An auxiliary winch cable is used to pull up and install on the pile driving point 3. Vertical a driven pile is achieved by manipulating the hydraulic cylinders 6 and is controlled by a suitable device located in the driver's cab.

 To re-equip the drilling and piling machine from the main layout option (Fig. 1) to the option (Fig 3) for driving piles, the following installation operations must be performed.

 1. Remove the casing equipment.

 2. Remove the telescopic drill rod and rotator.

 3. Change the heading.

 4. Install a hydraulic hammer on the guide masts and secure it to the main winch cable.

 5. Install the support.

 6. Connect the high-pressure hoses of the hydraulic hammer and support hydraulic cylinder to the hydraulic system.

 7. Connect the hydraulic hammer control panel connector to the hydraulic hammer cable connector.

 From all of the above, it is completely obvious that the drilling and piling machine can be used to work with various types of equipment intended for the construction of pile foundations, by simple remounting of individual units and assemblies in the field. Work on the conversion of the machine does not affect the basic components and metal structures of the machine. The hydraulic system of the drilling and piling machine is designed in such a way that it ensures the performance of all the working operations of the machine with various types of equipment and actuators without additional replacement of any distribution or control and regulatory equipment and without switching over. In the places of connecting high-pressure hoses, coming from the executive mechanisms (hydraulic hammer, hydraulic motors, hydraulic cylinders), quick-release couplings are provided that prevent the loss of working fluid during the conversion or dismantling of the machine.

 By simple remounting in the field, it can be used alternately as a drilling rig with a set of technological operations traditional for this type of machinery and a working tool, and as a piling rig using a domestic-made hydraulic hammer adapted as a pile driver for the base machine hydraulic system.

Claims (8)

 1. A method of mounting attachments of a boring-and-piling machine comprising a running trolley with a rotary platform, an arrow fixed to the front of the rotary platform, a mast with guides, a support on its lower part and a head, the main and auxiliary winches with a cable and a drive mounted on a rotary platform, a rotator mounted on the guide masts, the endless screw and hammer for driving piles included in the set of attachments, which consists in the fact that, if necessary, use a hammer dem they mount the rotator and the attachment used with it, install the hammer on the guide masts and hang it via the chain hoist on the main winch cable, characterized in that the attachment kit additionally uses drilling tools and casing equipment, the mast is attached to the boom using the faceplate, the mast head interchangeable, while for mounting the drilling tool included in the set of attachments, casing equipment is attached to the undercarriage, and basically on the cable the winches are suspended through a swivel with a telescopic drill rod, on the shank of which a boring tool is mounted, and when using a rotator to drive a drilling tool, the rotator is moved along the guides using the hydraulic cylinder, and when using the rotator to drive an endless screw, the rotator is moved using an auxiliary winch, and if necessary, use the drilling tool included in the attachment kit, deputy nyayut one headroom mast to another, dismantling support mast mounted equipment casing, drill tools, drill rod and cylinder move the rotator, and, if necessary piling hammer is used as the breaker.  2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that as a drilling tool using a screw or bucket or core drill.  3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that a pressure grab is used as a drilling tool.  4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that an extender is used as a drilling tool.  5. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the main and auxiliary winch have a "free reset" mode.  6. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the mast is installed with the possibility of forced swing around the hinge of the faceplate in the longitudinal and transverse planes.  7. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that in the undercarriage use a gauge change mechanism.  8. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-6, characterized in that in the hydraulic system using quick disconnect couplings.

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