RU2186098C2 - Detergent for metallic surface cleansing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: detergents. SUBSTANCE: invention proposes a detergent comprising the following components, g/l: caustic soda, 0.9-3.3; sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.72-2.64; soda ash, 2.82-10.34; sodium metasilicate, 0.6-2.2; oxyethylated monoalkylphenol based on propylene trimmers and containing 12 moles of ethylene oxide in molecule, 0.024-0.088; oxyethylated monoalkylphenol based on propylene trimmers containing 6 moles of ethylene oxide in molecule, 0.036-0.132; trisodium phosphate, 0.84-3.08; polyoxyethylene glycol esters of synthetic primary higher saturated alcohol of C₁₆-C₂₀-fraction, 0.06-0.22 and water up to 1 l. Mass ratio of mixture of surface-active substances to trisodium phosphate = 1:7. The proposed detergent can be used in technological processes, in part, in processing industry, automobile manufacture, machine engineering for treatment of metallic surface from oil, emulsion, lubricant pollutions. EFFECT: enhanced detergent capacity, providing preserving (protective) properties. 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to processes where detergents are used, in particular to the manufacturing industry, automobile and mechanical engineering, for cleaning a metal surface from contamination with oils, emulsions, lubricants.

Known water-based detergent containing, g / l: sodium tripolyphosphate 25-30, sodium carbonate 20-25, sodium metasilicate 16-20, carboxymethyl cellulose 2.5-3.0, polyethylene glycol fatty alcohol esters of fraction G ₁₀ -C ₁₈ (syntanol), an organic solvent (gasoline) 250-300, water up to 1 liter [Auth. St. USSR 462902, C 23 G 5/02, 1973].

 Possessing a satisfactory washing ability, the product has significant disadvantages: the absence of protective (conservation) properties, and the presence of up to 30% of an organic solvent makes it unstable, and therefore, fire hazard and toxic.

Closest to the invention for its intended purpose and the achieved result is a detergent containing the following ratio of components [RF Patent 2134719], g / l:
Sodium hydroxide - 6.44-11.04
Sodium carbonate - 5.74-9.84
Sodium metasilicate - 0.42-0.72
Oxyethylated monononylphenol based on propylene trimers containing 12 mol of ethylene oxide in a molecule - 0.084-0.144
Oxyethylated monononylphenol based on propylene trimers containing 9 mol of ethylene oxide in a molecule - 0.056-0.096
Sodium tripolyphosphate - 1.26-2.16
Water - The rest is up to 1 liter
This tool has a fairly high washing ability, but does not show conservation properties with interoperational protection.

 The objective of the invention is to develop such a detergent for cleaning a metal surface, the use of which increases the washing ability and shows protective (conservation) properties.

This object is achieved in that the water-based detergent contains caustic soda, sodium tripolyphosphate, soda ash, sodium metasilicate, ethoxylated monoalkylphenol based on propylene trimers, containing 12 moles of ethylene oxide in the molecule (Neonol AF _9-12 ), ethoxylated monoalkylphenol based propylene trimer containing molecule 6 moles ethylene oxide _(9-6 Neonol AF), trisodium phosphate, and polyoxyethylene glycol esters siteteticheskih primary higher fatty alcohols of the fraction C ₁₆ -C ₂₀ (Sintanol ATSSE-12) When the following component ratio, g / l:
Caustic soda - 0.9-3.3
Sodium tripolyphosphate - 0.72-2.64
Soda ash - 2.82-10.34
Sodium metasilicate - 0.6-2.2
Oxyethylated monoalkylphenol based on propylene trimers containing 12 mol of ethylene oxide in a molecule - 0.024-0.088
Ethoxylated monoalkylphenol based on propylene trimers containing 6 mol of ethylene oxide in a molecule - 0.036-0.132
Trisodium phosphate - 0.84-3.08
Polyoxyethylene glycol ethers of synthetic primary higher fatty alcohols of the C ₁₆ -C ₂₀ fraction - 0.06-0.22
Water - Else Up to 1 L
moreover, the mass ratio of the mixture of surfactant and trisodium phosphate is: 1: 7.

 The selected ratio of detergent components provides high detergency. The presence of trisodium phosphate in combination with sodium metasilicate gives the product conservation properties, which in turn eliminates the operation of washing the metal surface after degreasing it.

 The detergent solution can be applied to the metal surface by various methods (immersion, spraying). The effectiveness and stability of the washing and protective (conservation) properties is maintained during the accumulation of a significant amount of contaminants.

 For the test, 5 detergent solutions were prepared with a different ratio of components and a known solution.

Solutions of the proposed detergent and known were prepared by sequentially dissolving in a container of warm water (35-40 ^o C), for 15-20 minutes, the estimated number of ingredients.

 After their complete dissolution, the solution was pumped into a working bath.

 The compositions of the known and proposed detergent are shown in table 1.

 The quality of cleaning was determined by the results of removal of industrial oil contaminants from the metal surface.

 The tests were carried out on 08KP steel samples with a size of 150x70 mm.

 Samples were thoroughly wiped twice with gasoline or white spirit, dried for 20 minutes in air, brought to a constant temperature in a desiccator, and weighed. The weighing result was recorded to the fourth decimal place.

 Pure samples were contaminated with brand 20 industrial oil by dipping in an oil vessel, then suspended and left in air for 24 hours to remove excess oil.

 Then the samples were weighed. The weighing result (in grams) was recorded to the fourth decimal place.

Weighted steel samples were placed in a glass with a solution of the proposed and known detergent and kept at a temperature of 60-65 ^o C for 15 minutes, using the movement of the samples relative to the solution. After time, the defatted samples were removed from the solution, washed under a stream of tap water with a temperature of 15-20 ^o C for 0.5 min. After allowing excess water to drain, the samples were placed for several seconds in a vessel with ethanol and dried in an oven at a temperature of 100-110 ^o C. The samples were cooled to a constant temperature, first in air and then in a desiccator and weighed. The weighing result was recorded to the fourth decimal place.

где А - масса образца, загрязненного маслом, г;
В - масса образца, обезжиренного в моющем растворе, г;
С - масса образца после обезжиривания бензином или уайт-спиритом, г.The washing ability (in%) was determined by the formula

where A is the mass of the sample contaminated with oil, g;
B is the mass of the sample, defatted in the washing solution, g;
C is the mass of the sample after degreasing with gasoline or white spirit, g.

 The results of determining the indicator "washing ability" are shown in table 2.

 Protective (conservation) properties were determined as follows.

Samples of metal (steel 3 and cast iron SCh 18) were sanded with sandpaper and placed in solutions of the proposed and known detergents with a temperature of 60-70 ^o C, degreased for 1 minute. After processing, all samples were placed in a desiccator over distilled water for corrosion tests. Test mode: relative humidity 98 ± 2%, temperature 22 ± 2 ^o C.

 The results of determining the indicators "washing ability" and protective (conservation) properties are shown in table 2.

 As can be seen from the examples (see table 2, pr. 2, 3, 4), with the selected ratio of the components, the detergent has a high washing ability when cleaning the metal surface from industrial oil contaminants and provides protective (conservation) properties.

 A change in the content of components above or below the declared limits (see table 2, pr. 1, 5) leads in one case to a decrease in washing ability, in the other to a high foaming of the detergent solution and a decrease in the protective (conservation) properties.

 Example 6 characterizes the washing ability and conservation properties of the prototype.

The use of the proposed detergent provides the following technical and economic advantages:
1. High quality metal surface cleaning.

 2. Lower production costs, because the washing operation of metal products after cleaning is not needed.

Claims (1)

Detergent for cleaning a water-based metal surface containing caustic soda, sodium tripolyphosphate, soda ash, sodium metasilicate, ethoxylated monoalkylphenol based on propylene trimers, containing 12 moles of ethylene oxide in the molecule, characterized in that it additionally contains triethylated ethoxylated monoalkylphenol based containing 6 moles per molecule, trisodium phosphate and polyoxyethylene glycol ethers of synthetic primary higher fatty alcohols of the fraction C ₁₆ -C ₂₀ ethylene oxide When the following component ratio, g / l:
Caustic soda - 0.9-3.3
Sodium tripolyphosphate - 0.72-2.64
Soda ash - 2.82-10.34
Sodium metasilicate - 0.6-2.2
Oxyethylated monoalkylphenol based on propylene trimers containing 12 mol of ethylene oxide in a molecule - 0.024-0.088
Ethoxylated monoalkylphenol based on propylene trimers containing 6 mol of ethylene oxide in a molecule - 0.036-0.132
Trisodium phosphate - 0.84-3.08
Polyoxyethylene glycol esters of synthetic primary higher fatty alcohols of fraction C ₁₆ -C ₂₀ - 0.06-0.22
Water - The rest is up to 1 liter
moreover, the mass ratio of the mixture of surfactant and trisodium phosphate is: 1: 7.

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