RU2185280C1 - Method for log working - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: wood-working industry, in particular, manufacture of timbers and process chips. SUBSTANCE: a cylindered log is sawn to a cant timber and four similar slabs, after that each slab is milled on three sides. Then, the milled slabs are sawn along into two equal parts - "quarters" and at the same time compensation grooves are sawn through in the longitudinal direction; sawing of the milled slab into parts - "quarters" and at the same time compensation grooves are sawn through in the longitudinal direction; sawing of the milled slab into parts - "quarters" and sawing-through of the compensation grooves are carried out before drying. EFFECT: maximized use of wood, reduced consumption of power resources due to reduced installed electric power of milling units. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the woodworking industry, in particular to the production of lumber and wood chips.

 A known method of processing logs into lumber, including cylindering of logs with the simultaneous production of wood chips. (Pigildin NF, Round timber rounding: Review, inform. - M.: VNIPIEIlesprom, 1990. p. 1-8.).

 However, the known method is specific and is intended to correct local defects in the shape of sawing logs before sawing. Cylindering is aimed at removing butt ridges, sagging, significant knots in height and diameter, and correcting curvature. Despite the fact that cylindering allows you to eliminate the curvature and get a log of the same diameter along the entire length, its use before debarking ensures the generation of fuel chips only (due to the high content of bark). This leads to a reduction in the production of conditioned products. At the same time, there is a loss of wood during the production of lumber, since when cylindering, a part of the volume of the log is lost.

 The closest analogue is a method of processing logs, including the delivery of round timber to the sawmill, processing and forming thick slabs in a hexagon, sorting and stacking parts, stacking and longitudinal sawing into two parts - "quarters" -, milling of dried parts - "quarters" -, gluing them into a hollow section beam (Fries I. Technology for the production of glued building beams. / Woodworking industry, 1, 1994, p.30.).

 The disadvantage of this method is that the logs are processed unbarked and non-cylindrical. The first leads to the condition of producing only fuel chips when milling slabs into a hexagon, and the second to the need to use an energy-intensive special multi-spindle milling machine. At the same time, the application of drying of hexagonal blanks before sawing them into parts - “quarters” - will cause them to warp in the transverse direction, since annual layers have access to one layer of the blank.

 The technical problem to which the claimed invention is directed is the rational use of wood in the processing of logs by improving the operations of the technological process.

 The technical problem is solved in that in this method of processing logs, including the delivery of logs, sorting by diameter, debarking and cylindering of logs, sawing logs into pieces and chip production, processing and shaping the rags in a hexagon, sorting and stacking parts in a stack, drying and longitudinal sawing into two parts - "quarters" -, gluing them into a hollow beam, according to the invention, a rounded log is sawn into a square beam and four identical slabs, after which each slab milling cutter t on three sides, then the milled slabs are cut lengthwise into two equal parts - “quarters” - and at the same time compensation grooves are sawed along their inclined surfaces in the longitudinal direction, and the milled slab is cut into “quarter” parts and the compensation grooves are sawn before drying .

 The claimed invention differs from the closest analogue in that when processing logs after debarking and cylindering, a square beam and four identical slabs are cut, which are milled on three sides instead of five-sided milling, which reduces the energy consumption of the process; after that, the milled slabs are sawn into two equal parts - “quarters” - and at the same time the compensation grooves are sawn through, and these operations are performed before drying the workpieces, which eliminates the possibility of warping, annual layers do not extend onto one face of the workpiece and are partially cut as a result of cutting grooves.

 The proposed set of essential features provides the method with new properties that allow you to get a new technical result: the use of round logs makes it possible to obtain the same beads that, after milling, sawing and drying, are glued into hollow section beams with a length equal to the length of the log. Three-sided milling of slabs reduces the energy intensity of the process by reducing the number of milling heads. Sawing compensation grooves directly on the inclined surfaces of the workpieces helps to reduce the internal stresses that occur in the wood during the drying process, and this reduces the likelihood of warpage of the workpieces.

 When implementing the method, a more complete use of wood is ensured (wood chips obtained by cylindering and milling do not contain bark and can be used for technological needs; glued beams of full length are obtained from the croakers, which excludes the transverse cutting operation, which is necessary when producing boards and leads to lumpy waste) and energy savings by reducing the installed electrical power of milling units.

 The invention is illustrated in the drawing.

 The drawing shows a diagram of the technological process of processing logs.

 Technology (method) includes: delivery and sorting of logs according to diameters 1; ham 2; cylindering to obtain technological chips 3; sawing out a two-edged beam 4 and the first pair of identical rags 5; sawing out a square beam 6 and a second pair of identical rags 7; three-sided milling with obtaining technological chips of each slab 8; sawing each slab 9 into pieces - "quarters" - 10 and sawing compensation grooves 11; drying the obtained preforms 12; milling surfaces for gluing 13; gluing a hollow beam 14.

 The method is as follows.

 Logs sorted by diameter are barked, for example, on an OK-63 machine, then barked logs are bent, for example, on an OTs-40 machine. Then the logs are cut into a two-edged beam and two identical slabs, for example, on a CKS-TD twin band saw machine of the Japanese company CHUGOKU KIKAI. The resulting slabs go to a milling machine, for example, TsZD-7F, where they are milled from three sides. The processed slabs are sawn into billets and at the same time saw through the compensation grooves, for which you can use, for example, a multisaw circular saw machine TsDK-5. Drying of the workpieces is carried out either in the forest drying chamber or in the open air under a canopy. The dried billets are processed on a double-sided longitudinal milling machine, for example, S2F3. Then on the surface of the workpieces to be glued, glue is applied, for example, manually, and then the workpieces are collected in a bar and clamped in a press device.

Claims (1)

 A method of processing logs, including the delivery of logs, sorting by diameter, debarking and cylindering of logs, sawing logs into pieces and producing chips, characterized in that the logs are cut into square logs and four identical slabs, after which each slab is milled from three sides, then the slabs are sawed lengthwise into two equal “quarter” parts, and compensation grooves are sawn along their inclined surfaces in the longitudinal direction, and sawing the milled slab into “quarter” and filing expansion joint is performed before predrying.