RU2176152C1 - Gas purification apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: wet purification equipment. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has vertical cylindrical housing, gas supply and discharge branch pipes, and turbulence generator equipped with channels made in the form of Venturi pipes fixed in tube grid. Ejection grid arranged above Venturi pipes is made in the form of perforated partition wall with perforations formed as truncated cones directed downwards and with space between converging tube inner surface and truncated cone outer surface. Inlet end of converging tube may be equipped with slit-shaped or toothed slots. Apparatus provides effective gas purification by uniform supplying of liquid for spraying around the periphery of converging tube and effective contact between gas and dispersed liquid at converging tube outlet end due to mixing of spray beams. EFFECT: simplified construction and increased efficiency. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to apparatus for wet cleaning of gases from dust and their cooling and can be used to trap fine aerosols, dust from technological and aspiration emissions, in particular ash particles of flue gases from boiler plants and industrial furnaces.

 The contact between gas and liquid is most effectively carried out in devices with Venturi pipes / Kirsanova N.S., Nabutskaya L.L. Development trends of wet dust-collecting equipment. Series XM-14, TSINTIHIMNEFTEMASH, 1988, p. 17 /.

 However, in devices with a single venturi, there is a tendency to decrease the efficiency of gas purification during load fluctuations or its decrease. In addition, the disadvantage of the device with a single venturi is that the process of contacting the gas with the liquid ends in the diffuser of the pipe, and a large volume of the separator for gas purification is not used / Equipment, structures, basics of the design of chemical and technological processes for protecting the biosphere from industrial emissions. Rodionov A.I. et al. M .; 1985, p. 81 /. To ensure uniform dispersion of the liquid in the venturi, many methods of supplying the liquid are proposed, however, they are mainly local in nature.

 A device for gas purification / RF patent 2097113 /, adopted as a prototype, equipped with a turbulence generator in the form of a block of horizontal plates forming channels with a Venturi profile, with holes for local fluid supply to the pipe / channel confuser /. The disadvantage is the local supply of liquid to the confuser, which, when the loads on the phases are reduced, can lead to a decrease in the contact surface of the phases, deterioration of the dispersion of the liquid and, in general, to a decrease in the efficiency of gas purification.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of gas purification by uniformly supplying liquid for irrigation along the perimeter of the confuser, as well as organizing effective contacting of gas and dispersed liquid at the outlet of the diffusers by mixing torches.

 This goal is achieved in that the turbulence generator, consisting of venturi tubes fixed in the tube sheet, is equipped with an ejection screen made in the form of a horizontal perforated partition with holes in the form of truncated cones directed downward and located above the venturi with a gap between the inner surface of the confuser and the outer the surface of the truncated cone, and the casing is made vertical cylindrical.

 Such an installation of the ejection grate creates an annular gap at the entrance to the confuser of each Venturi pipe through which liquid is ejected around the entire perimeter of the confuser or distributed under pressure if the liquid is supplied into the space between the gratings under pressure. Such a supply of liquid ensures complete wetting of the surface of the confuser already in the initial section, providing effective phase contact in subsequent sections of the pipes.

 The relatively small diameter of the Venturi pipes fixed in the tube sheet allows one to distribute such a quantity in the tube sheet that overlaps the spray nozzles in the lower part of the device, thereby creating an additional phase contact surface, which contributes to an increase in dust collection efficiency. In addition, the installation of a non-irrigated top ejection grate has a positive effect on the operation of the device, since dry dust on the grate is not delayed due to the high gas velocity and all enters Venturi pipes. The water space between the gratings works in a non-scale mode due to the fact that the trapped dust does not get into it, and deposits in the pipe itself are impossible due to the high gas velocity (30-150 m / s), that is, the device works without dust overgrowing.

 A significant difference is that the device is equipped with an ejection grill located above the venturi tubes, made in the form of a horizontal perforated partition with holes in the form of truncated cones directed downward and with a gap between the inner surface of the confuser and the outer surface of the truncated cone, and the casing is made vertical cylindrical. The input part of the confuser can be made with slotted or serrated slots.

 The fluid is supplied under pressure into the space between the grids.

 In FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a gas purification apparatus; in FIG. 2 is a fragment of the device of FIG. 1.

 The gas purification device consists of a vertical cylindrical body 1 and a turbulence generator located therein, consisting of a tube sheet 2 with Venturi tubes 3 fixed therein and an ejection screen 4 with holes in the form of truncated cones 5. Gas enters the device through the pipe 6 and exits from the device through the louvre separator 7 and then the nozzle 8. The liquid for irrigation of the venturi is supplied through the nozzle 9 and is discharged in the form of sludge through the nozzle 10.

 A device for cleaning gases works as follows.

 The gases to be cleaned are supplied through the nozzle 6 to the device to the ejection grate 4 and then through the truncated cones 5 to the venturi of the pipe 3. The liquid is supplied through the nozzle 9 to the space between the tube 2 and the ejection 4 gratings, fills it and enters through the annular space between the confuser and the cone into the confuser, distributed over its entire surface and dispersed in the neck of the pipe and diffuser. In this case, the capture of dust particles begins already in the confuser and ends when the torches are mixed with gas-liquid flows emerging from the venturi. For effective mixing of torches, Venturi pipes are installed in the tube sheet at a certain distance / V. Galustov. Direct-flow spray apparatus in the power system. M .; 1987, p. 47-48 /.

 Installing a number of pipes instead of a single Venturi pipe can significantly reduce the length of the pipes and create an additional contact zone in the places where the flames mix.

 Gas is supplied to the pipe 6 at a speed of 10-25 m / s, on the basis of which the number of Venturi pipes in the tube sheet is determined while ensuring the gas velocity in the neck of the pipes is 30-150 m / s.

 Due to the high gas velocity, three-dimensional pulsations arise in it, affecting dust particles and intensifying the process of particle deposition on the film surface and a droplet of dispersed liquid.

Claims (2)

 1. A device for cleaning gases, comprising a housing, nozzles for supplying and discharging gas and liquid, a turbulence generator containing channels in the form of venturi tubes fixed in a tube sheet, characterized in that it is provided with an ejection screen located above the venturi tubes, made in the form a horizontal perforated partition with holes in the form of truncated cones directed downward and with a gap between the inner surface of the confuser and the outer surface of the truncated cone, and the body is made of a vertical cylinder eskim.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the input part of the confuser can be made with slotted or serrated slots.

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