RU2174661C1 - Automatic small arms - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: military equipment. SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for design of automatic small arms which operation of automatics is based on principle of recoil of free bolt. Automatic small arms includes barrel, barrel extension, free bolt with return spring, trigger and firing mechanisms. Firing mechanism has firing pin installed in central hole of bolt and striker put on axle in groove in front part of bolt. Striker comes in the form of bell crank one arm of which is mounted for interaction with firing pin and second arm protrudes beyond front butt of bolt. Rest which has central hole with starting cone is installed in barrel extension opposite to part of striker protruding beyond front butt of bolt. In protruding part of striker there are made proper cone and cylindrical part on side facing barrel. Distance between butt of breech end and mirror of bolt in position of shot ( roll-out of bolt ) is equal to 0.1-0.2 caliber of weapon. EFFECT: reduced mass of weapon and simplified design of it. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to weapons technology and can be used in the design of automatic small arms, the automation of which is based on the principle of recoil of the free shutter.

 Known submachine gun Degtyarev (PPD arr. 1940), which contains a barrel mounted in the receiver, a free bolt with a return spring, a trigger mechanism and a percussion mechanism, consisting of a striker mounted in the central bore of the bolt, and a striker placed on axis into the groove in front of the shutter. One shoulder of the striker is located in the recess of the striker, and the second stands for the front end of the shutter. When the bolt, under the action of the return spring, comes with its front end close to the hemp of the barrel, the shoulder of the striker protruding beyond the front end of the bolt hits the stop made in the receiver, rotates on the axis and sends it forward with its other shoulder entering the notch of the striker resulting in a shot. Before focusing on the inner wall of the receiver, a recess and a bevel are made in the direction of recoil of the shutter [1].

 Reliability of locking the bore with a bolt at the time of shot in the RPM is ensured by the large mass of the bolt and the strength of the return spring.

 The disadvantage of small arms made according to the scheme of automation with recoil of a free shutter, especially of samples developed for a cartridge with a recoil momentum greater than that of a pistol cartridge, such as a grenade launcher, is a large mass of the shutter. In addition, the design is complicated due to the need to use devices to extinguish the excess energy of the shutter when moving backward and to brake it when approaching the front position. So, the mass of the shutter in the AGS-17 grenade launcher is ~ 5.5 kg. The design of the grenade launcher used hydraulic brakes [2].

 The task of the invention is to reduce the mass of automatic small arms and simplify their design while maintaining the basic technical characteristics.

The problem is achieved in that in an automatic small arms containing a barrel, a receiver, a free bolt with a return spring, a trigger and a striking mechanism containing a striker installed in the Central hole of the bolt, and a hammer made in the form of a two shoulders lever mounted on an axis in the groove in the front of the bolt, one shoulder of which is made with the possibility of interaction with the striker, and the second shoulder with protruding beyond the front end of the bolt and opposite it in the receiver is emphasized ited striker projecting portion facing the inner wall of the receiver, adapted to engage with an inner wall on which the front of the front abutment recess formed in the direction of the bevel and the shutter rollback:
- in the emphasis made a Central hole with a lead-in cone;
- on the protruding part of the striker facing the barrel, the counter cone and the cylindrical part are made;
- the distance between the end of the breech of the barrel and the shutter mirror in the position of the shot is made equal to 0.1 ... 0.2 caliber weapons.

The foregoing is illustrated by drawings, where:
in FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section (top view) of the receiver, barrel, bolt and stop in the extreme forward position of the shutter;
in FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section (top view) along the receiver, barrel, bolt and stop in the position of the beginning of contact of the entry cone of the stop with the reciprocal cone on the hammer;
in FIG. 3 shows the same as in FIG. 2, in the position of the shot.

 Automatic small arms contains a barrel 1, mounted in the receiver 2. Inside the receiver there is a free shutter 3 with a return spring 4. On the shutter is fixed the sear 5 of the trigger with a supporting surface 6, responding to the cocking 7, made on the protrusion 8 of the receiver. In the sleeve 9, mounted on the outer wall of the receiver, a plunger 10 is placed, interacting with the sear. The trigger and the pusher, through which fire control is carried out, are fixed on the machine. A striker 11 is installed in the central opening of the shutter, and a striker 15 of the striking mechanism 15 is mounted on the axis 14 in the groove 12 and the blind hole 13 made in the front of the shutter. The drummer is made in the form of a two-shouldered lever. One shoulder of the striker 16 is placed in a blind hole with the possibility of interaction with the striker. The other shoulder of the striker 17 stands for the front end of the shutter. On the breech of the barrel opposite the protruding part of the drummer, an abutment 18 is fixed, in which a hole 19 is made with an inlet cone 20. On the side wall of the receiver, a guide bar 21 is fixed with the possibility of interaction with the side 22 of the protruding part of the drummer facing the receiver. On the protruding part of the striker facing the barrel, a conical surface 23 is made that is responsive to the inlet cone 20 of the stop 18 and the cylindrical surface 24. The front part of the guide bar is made with bevel 25 in the direction of recoil of the shutter and is installed so that a recess 26 is made in front of the stop. the bevel is made on the mating surface of the striker 27.

 The work of parts and mechanisms of automatic small arms is as follows.

 Before firing, the bolt 3 is in the extreme rear position, compressing the return spring 4. The sear 5, mounted in the bolt, with its supporting surface 6 is based on the cocking 7, made on the protrusion 8 of the receiver 2.

 When you press the plunger 10 (the trigger and the pusher are mounted on the machine), the sear 5 is recessed, and its supporting surface 6 disengages from the cocking 7, made on the stop 8, mounted in the receiver 2. The shutter 3 moves under the action of the return spring 4 forward, sending a cartridge (grenade) into the chamber of the barrel. When the shutter approaches the front position, the conical surface 23 of the protruding part of the striker 15 comes into interaction with the entry cone 20 of the stop 18 (Fig. 2). As a result of this interaction, the firing pin unfolds on axis 14 and with its shoulder 16 strikes the striker 11 - a shot occurs (Fig. 3). A shot occurs when the shutter fails (shutter roll) to the front position by a value of "A" equal to 0.1 ... 0.2 caliber weapons. Powder gases, acting through the bottom of the sleeve on the shutter, first spend part of their energy on stopping the shutter. After stopping, the shutter begins to roll back, compressing the return spring. At the beginning of the rollback of the shutter, the striker 15, running along bevel 27 on the reciprocal bevel 25 on the guide bar 21, turns around, freeing the striker 11 from moving backward. The guide bar holds the hammer in the deployed position until the shutter fully rolls back and at the coast to the position shown in FIG. 2. Next, the cycle of work is repeated. Shooting continues until the trigger is pressed. The presence of a slide of the shutter reduces the mass of the shutter and eliminates the need to use a hydraulic brake. All this taken together allowed to significantly reduce the weight of 30 mm automatic grenade launcher AGS-30 and simplify its design.

 The magnitude of the roll of the shutter less than 0.1 caliber reduces its effectiveness in reducing the mass of the free shutter, and more than 0.2 caliber does not ensure the normal operation of automation in various operating conditions of the weapon.

Sources of information
The material part of small arms. Book 1. Oborongiz. NKAP Main edition on armament and ammunition. Moscow, 1945, pp. 375-390 - prototype.

 2. Manual 30 mm automatic grenade launcher on the machine (AGS-17). Military Publishing House of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, Moscow, 1974

Claims (1)

 Automatic small arms containing a barrel, a receiver, a free bolt with a return spring, a trigger and a striking mechanism containing a striker installed in the central bore of the bolt, and a striker made in the form of a two-shouldered lever mounted on an axis in a groove in the front of the bolt, one shoulder of which is made with the possibility of interacting with the striker, and the second shoulder with protruding beyond the front end of the bolt and opposite it in the receiver there is an emphasis, the surface of the protruding part of the striker, nasal to the inner wall of the receiver, made with the possibility of interaction with the inner wall of the receiver, on which the front part in front of the stop is made a recess and bevel in the direction of recoil of the shutter, characterized in that the stop has a central hole with a lead-in cone, and on the protruding part the striker from the side facing the barrel, the counter cone and the cylindrical part are made, the distance between the butt end of the barrel breech and the shutter mirror in the firing position is 0.1 - 0.2 caliber weapons.

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