RU2173586C1 - Mechanized continuous seed treating line - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering. SUBSTANCE: seed treating line has feeding hopper, cleaning machines, trier machines and packaging hopper. Clover grinding machine and grass and seed cleaning machine are arranged between cleaning and trier machines. Magnetic seed cleaner is arranged between trier machine and packaging hopper. All members of continuous line are connected through seed conveying devices. Preliminary cleaning machine is connected through first seed flow change-over mechanism to clover grinding machine and seed and grass cleaning machine. Trier machine is connected through second seed flow change-over mechanism to magnetic seed cleaner and packaging hopper. Continuous line is further provided with aspiration main channel connected to all line units and to air cleaning system. Continuous seed cleaning line is adapted for postharvest treatment of cereals and leguminous crops and perennial grasses. EFFECT: increased efficiency and improved quality of crop treatment. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture. It can be used in agricultural enterprises for the processing of seeds of cereal and leguminous perennial grasses and other crops.

 Mechanized production lines for treating seeds of sugar beets and other vegetable crops are known (see, for example: A line for postharvest multi-link seed treatment. Auth. St. USSR N 1752221, IPC A 01 C 1/00, and also see appendix information leaflet N 46-97, series P 68.85.35 "Tatar Center for Scientific and Technical Information", Fig. 1, Fig. 2), the lines consist of a receiving hopper, cleaning and sorting machines, trie, grinding machines, contain a pneumatic sorting machine, loading devices and seed movement, aspiration channels. The lines, as follows from the sources, are designed for processing seeds of powerful crops and cannot be used for processing seeds of cereal and leguminous perennial herbs.

 The prototype of the invention was selected in-line mechanized technological line for post-harvest seed treatment (see RF patent N 2147258, publ. 10.04.2000).

 It includes systems of machines performing sequentially coarse and fine-cleaning operations: cleaning and sorting machines of type K 531 with the appropriate selection of sieves, trie machines of type K 553, devices for loading and moving seeds, seed flow switches, filling hopper. All machines are combined with suction channels and an air purification system.

 The disadvantage of the prototype is: 1) the line does not allow the process of cleaning seeds of perennial grasses having specific physicochemical properties and containing difficult to separate impurities 2) there is no possibility of readjustment of the line for processing seeds of different crops, in particular leguminous perennial grasses. This does not allow to mechanize the process of seed cleaning and increases the complexity of the process.

 The technical problem solved by the invention is to increase labor productivity, improve the quality and efficiency of seed treatment of cereal and bean perennial herbs.

 This problem is solved in that in a mechanized production line for post-harvest seed treatment, containing a receiving hopper, seed transport and seed flow switches connected in series with each other, a receiving hopper, cleaning machines, trie machines, a filling hopper, an aspiration main channel with an air purification system, connected to all units of the line, between clover and grass machines are sequentially placed clover grass and grass seed machines, and between the grass machines and a magnetic seed cleaner is installed in the filling hopper, moreover, the cleaning machine is connected by means of the first seed flow switch and seed transfer lines to the clover and grass seed cleaning machines, and the trie machine is connected by means of the second seed flow switch and seed moving lines to the magnetic seed cleaner and the packing hopper, respectively.

 The proposed invention meets the criterion of "inventive step", since the proposed distinguishing features allow to obtain a new "property" - the processing of seeds of cereal and bean perennial grasses in one line, improving the quality and efficiency of post-harvest processing of seeds, increases labor productivity.

 The drawing shows a diagram of a mechanized production line for seed treatment. The line contains a receiving hopper 1, a cleaning machine 2, connected by a first seed flow switch 3 and two seed transfer lines 4 with a clover grass 5 and grass seed cleaning machine 6, a trie machine 7 connected by a second seed flow switch 8 and two seed transfer lines 9, respectively, with a magnetic seed cleaning 10 and with a filling hopper 11, lines for moving and loading seeds, such as conveyors 12, 13, 14 and type of elevator 15, 16, 17, a suction main channel 18 connected to machines 2, 5, 6, 7, 10 and connected to the output to air purification system, consisting of a fan 19, a cyclone 20, a storage hopper 21.

 The technological process of seed treatment of perennial herbs is as follows. The batch of seed heap coming to the processing is poured into the receiving hopper 1. These seeds from the hopper 1 are fed through a conveyor 12 to the cleaning machine 2 for preliminary cleaning, from there they are sent through the noria 15 using the seed flow switch 3 depending on the variety (cereal or legumes) : seeds of legumes for scarification into clover grass 5, and from there, through line 13 to the grass seed cleaning machine 6, seeds of cereal grasses, bypassing the clover grass 5, switch 3 to the grass seed cleaning machine 6. Next, the seeds by means of the elevator 16, they enter the trimer plant 7, from there, via the elevator 17 through the seed flow switch 8: the legume seeds are sent to the magnetic seed cleaner 10, then along the line 14 to the filling hopper 11, and the seeds of the cereal switch 8, bypassing the magnetic seed cleaner 10, are sent directly to packing hopper 11. The setting of the grass seed cleaning machine 6 and the teeing machine 7 is made by selecting sieves for each type of seed.

 The installation in a single technological chain of special machines for cleaning seeds of cereal and legume grasses, combined in a line with a single system for moving seeds, allows you to process seed material directly from the combine without preliminary treatment, and after preliminary cleaning at farms. There is no need to move seeds to different treatment areas. All this allows you to increase the efficiency and quality of seed processing, to increase labor productivity.

Claims (1)

 Mechanized production line for seed treatment, containing in series connected devices for loading, moving seeds and seed flow switches, a receiving hopper, cleaning machines, inlet machines, a filling hopper, a suction main channel with an air purification system, connected to all units of the line, characterized in that between cleansing and indenting machines sequentially placed clover grass and grass seed cleaning machines, and between the indenting machine and filling hopper installed detecting magnetic semyaochistitel, besides cleaning machine is connected via a first switch and a seed flow lines respectively to move seed kleveroterkoy and travosemyaochistitelnoy machine and machine indented by a second switch and a seed stream lines move seeds respectively connected with the magnetic semyaochistitelem and Filling hopper.