RU2032303C1 - Tractor mountable device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering. SUBSTANCE: device has tractor with mounting system, mountable unit, stabilizer of tractor linear steadiness and tank for fertilizing liquid. Main cylinder lifts mountable unit to a transporting position. Tractor is provided with gas-sprinkling ejector set up on exhaust pipe. Mountable unit is constructed as loading bucket with hermetic lid mounted on longitudinal drafts ends of mounting system with the help of lower brackets. The upper bracket joins the bucket to central draft made in the form hydrocylinder. Stabilizer is constructed as frontal hydraulic operated suspension and hermetic tank for liquid. Tanks are coupled with each other, gas-sprinkling ejector, tractor receiver and have suction sleeves with filters. EFFECT: improved design. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to tractor and agricultural engineering, in particular to multi-purpose units that perform maintenance work on farms, planting root crops, loading and unloading goods, including liquid, over short distances, for example, within the territory of farms, nurseries, greenhouses, pond fisheries, etc. It can be used in urban landscaping and factory territory improvement works.

 Known frontal mounted multi-purpose tractor unit, built on the basis of a caterpillar tractor (US patent N 2684163, 1954).

 This unit contains a direct loading bucket (mechanical shovel), left and right side booms, which are fixed with brackets with their ends at the middle of the tractor, and connected at the second ends to a triangular drawbar, on which a frame is mounted in the transverse direction for mounting the bucket. On two other brackets installed near the first brackets, two hydraulic cylinders are fixed, the rods of which are pivotally attached to the indicated frame.

 At the same time, a short hydraulic cylinder is installed on top of the bracket on the frame, the rod of which is connected to the upper bracket of the bucket by means of an articulated double link.

 Such a connection of the bucket with the frame with arrows and hydraulic cylinders allows the unit to be used as a bulldozer, loader, scraper and trencher.

 The disadvantages of the unit are its complexity, the need for permanent fastening on a caterpillar tractor, the difficulty of keeping a specified direction of action with a shovel in heterogeneous and heavy soils. Therefore, this device is a special multi-purpose device for large volumes of earthwork and is not economically effective for farms.

 Known modern tractor unit company "Fendt" (Germany), containing a wheeled tractor, a quick mounted double boom, side brackets to strengthen the tractor frame, to which the boom is mounted and two boom control cylinders. A parallelogram cargo carriage with a bucket and two control hydraulic cylinders is suspended in the upper part of the boom. The carriage provides quick dismantling of cargo buckets for various purposes: for bulk materials, for root crops, building blocks, hay and straw, etc. The unit is specialized mainly for loading vehicles carrying goods over long distances. The disadvantage of the Fendt unit is its inability to transport goods over distances within a peasant farm, livestock farm, quarry or factory due to its lack of stability. At the same time, the unit is a rather complicated device and is not suitable for transporting liquid cargo, which is essential in the conditions of farms.

 As a prototype of the proposed new technical solution, the technical solution according to ed. St. N 511891, CL A 01 B 63/11, which addresses the issue of improving the transport stability of the tractor unit.

 The specified prototype contains a wheeled tractor, a rear attachment system, an attached machine that rises to the transport position using the main hydraulic system of the attachment system, and a tractor longitudinal stabilizer made in the form of a load at the end of an additional hydraulic cylinder mounted in front of the tractor.

 When lifting the mounted machine to the transport position, the hydraulic cylinder pushes the load forward of the tractor, balancing the machine to be lifted.

 The disadvantage of the prototype is its small versatility and functionality. A load or an additional hydraulic cylinder requires additional space on the tractor to place it, perform only one balancing function. It is necessary to adjust the moment of balancing with the transition to a hitched machine of a different weight.

 In order to expand technological capabilities by providing loading, handling, transportation and unloading of liquid cargo, a mounted tractor unit is proposed comprising a tractor, a mounted system, a mounted machine and a tractor longitudinal stabilizer.

 The tractor is equipped with a gas-jet ejector mounted on the exhaust pipe, the mounted device is equipped with a central hydraulic cylinder installed instead of the central link of the mounted system, the mounted machine is made in the form of a quick loading bucket mounted with its lower brackets at the ends of the longitudinal links and connected with the upper bracket to the rod of the central hydraulic cylinder; the stabilizer of longitudinal stability of the unit is made in the form of a front three-point linkage, for example, for a bulldozer shovel or stone picker and a sealed container for ballast liquid connected to a gas-jet ejector and a receiver of the tractor pneumatic system. The bucket and tank are equipped with suction hoses with filters and are interconnected by pipelines and hoses; the bucket is equipped with a sealed removable lid, pipelines for mixing the liquid with compressed air and water pressure, diluting the liquid and using it for watering or spraying plants, as well as a shutter for draining the liquid; the tank can be used to wash the bucket and the tractor unit as a whole, as well as to wet the inner walls of the bucket in order to reduce the forces of adhesion of the load to the walls of the bucket.

 The drawing schematically shows a General view of the mounted tractor unit.

 The unit contains a tractor 1 having a hinged system 2 with longitudinal rods 3 and a central link, made in the form of a central hydraulic cylinder 4. The hinged system is equipped with a main hydraulic cylinder 5. The tractor 1 has a pneumatic system with a receiver 6 and an exhaust pipe on which a gas-jet ejector is attached 7. Hanged the machine has the form of a loading bucket 8, installed with its lower brackets 9 at the ends of the longitudinal rods 3 and connected by the upper bracket 10 to the central hydraulic cylinder 4. A stabilizer of longitudinal stability When the heavy bucket 8 is hung, the load is made in the form of a front hinged system 11, for example, for a bulldozer or a rock lift and is equipped with a tank 12 for ballast liquid, for example, water mounted on an arm 13 above the hinged system 11.

 Refueling sleeves 15 and 16 with corresponding filters are connected to the tank 12 and the bucket 8.

 The bucket 8 has a removable sealed lid 17, mounted on the ends of the bucket using the clamps 18. The bucket 8 is connected to the ejector 7, as well as to the tank 12 and the receiver 6 through pipelines 19 and 20.

 The pipeline 19 is used to overflow water into the bucket and dilute the liquid cargo. The pipe 20 serves to mix the liquid cargo by means of compressed air. To control the mass balance in front and behind the tractor, transparent level gauges can be installed on the tank and bucket.

 The hydraulic cylinder 4 is made with an extension 21, which allows the use of a standard hydraulic cylinder, interchangeable with the hydraulic cylinder 5.

 At the bottom of the bucket 8 there is a pipe 22 with holes and cranes, connected by means of fittings to the bucket in its bottom part. Unused openings have screw plugs. At the outlet of the receiver 6 is installed a crane 23. The tank 12 is equipped with a level tube 24.

 The unit operates as follows.

 Assemble the unit according to the drawing. Clean the transparent tube level gauges on the bucket 8 and tank 12. Seal the bucket and tank and create excessive pressure in them using a tap 23. Eliminate possible leaks. Start the tractor engine 1.

 The sleeve 15 is lowered into the well for water, and the sleeve 16 in the tank for the process fluid. The filling of the bucket 8 and the tank 12 is controlled by level tubes.

 After filling, close the valves of the ejectors 7 and 14. The tractor unit will be balanced in the longitudinal direction and is ready, for example, to export liquid complex fertilizer for irrigation of potatoes. As the process fluid is consumed from the bucket 8, the flow of water from the tank 12 is regulated. Before the end of the pouring of the liquid from the bucket 8, the walls are rinsed with water from the tank 12 together with compressed air from the receiver 6.

 After finishing work with liquid cargo, remove the cover 17 from the bucket 8, disconnect the sleeve 16. The unit is ready to work with bulk and solid materials.

 Based on the analysis of analogues and the proposed solution, wider use of the new tractor unit is expected.

Claims (1)

 ATTACHED TRACTOR UNIT containing a tractor with a linkage mechanism in the form of upper and lower links, a working body, a container for liquid fertilizers, processing equipment, distribution pipes and hoses, characterized in that it has a gas-jet ejector mounted on the exhaust pipe of the tractor, a longitudinal stability stabilizer tractor, made in the form of a front hydraulic suspension for mounting the working body and a sealed container for liquid mounted in the front of the tractor, while the tank for This type of fertilizer is made in the form of a loading bucket with an airtight lid and is mounted on the rods of the tractor hitch mechanism, the upper link of which is made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder, the tanks being connected to each other, with a gas-jet ejector and a tractor receiver and have suction hoses with filters.

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