RU2021216C1 - Apparatus for comprehensive biological decontamination of waste water - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: decontamination of waste waters. SUBSTANCE: apparatus incorporates two biofilters similar in design and intercommunicating via decontaminated water collecting pipes and communicating with pipe to discharge decontaminated water from apparatus. Each biofilter is shaped as reservoir having floating charge above which is positioned supporting grid carrying retaining layer. Decontaminated water collecting system includes troughs disposed in its upper portion. Starting water and air supply system includes perforated pipes spaced above reservoir bottom under floating charge. Retaining layer where water is subjected to final purification is made of lumpy material having density greater than that of water, with particle size growing from bottom to top. Combining two biofilters into single unit allows continuous recovery of biofilter floating charge without utilizing special-purpose wash-out waters. EFFECT: higher degree of process adjustability and decontamination, simplicity of design and servicing and expenses will rapidly pay for themselves. 4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of biological treatment and purification of wastewater using filtration and biosorption methods and can be used in wastewater treatment plants to produce reduced water.

 A known installation for a two-stage biological wastewater treatment, containing two stages of treatment - in the form of a multi-tiered tower biofilter and biological pond. However, the known installation does not provide the necessary degree of water purification, has a complex structure and large production areas.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment by improving the quality of the treated water, reducing economic costs and increasing the reliability of the treatment process by ensuring timely regeneration of the load.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that the installation containing a biofilter in the form of a reservoir with a loading and support grid, a water and air supply system, a purified water drain pipe, is made of two biofilters, each of which is equipped with prefabricated purified water trays with prefabricated pipelines connecting the biofilters with each other and with the pipeline for the removal of purified water from the installation, the loading of biofilters is made of polymer material with a density lower than the density of water, the support grid is located wife and is provided above the loading placed thereon retaining a fixed bed of the particulate material from the bottom upwards with decreasing particle size and a density greater than the density of water, the system supplying raw water and air is installed at the bottom of tanks for floating load. The retaining layer may be made of gravel or gravel. The feed water and air supply system can be made in the form of pipes placed above the bottom of the tank with openings, the upper of which are made for air passage, and the lower ones for water discharge.

 The drawing shows an installation for deep biological treatment of water in longitudinal section.

 Installation for deep biological water purification is made of two biofilters of identical design, each of which is a tank 1 with a floating load 2, for example, from pieces of expanded polystyrene. Above the floating load, a support grid 3 is installed, made of grates or reinforced sheets with holes. A fixed retaining layer 4 of bulk material with a density greater than the density of water, for example gravel or gravel, and with a particle size decreasing from bottom to top, is placed on the grate. The system for collecting purified water is made in the form of prefabricated trays 5 installed in the upper part of the tanks. The feed water and air supply system consists of pipes 6 located above the bottom of the tank, having upper openings for discharging air and lower openings for discharging water. Next to the described biofilter, a biofilter 7 of identical design is installed, connected by pipelines 8 for collecting purified water from trays 5. To the combined pipe 8 is connected a pipe 9 for removing purified water from the unit, which has control valves 10. The unit also has drainage pipelines 11 and the pipeline 12 for supplying water to the post-treatment 12, which are equipped with control valves.

 Installation works as follows.

 The source water in a mixture with air through pipes 6 of its supply system enters under load 2 along its entire lower surface. On the loading surface, inhabited by microorganisms, there is an active process of biooxidation of pollutants contained in wastewater. The design of the support grid 3 is designed to overcome the lifting force of the floating load. The retaining layer 4 also gives greater mechanical strength to the system and retains the remnants of the biofilm of dead microorganisms. In the retaining layer, the final purification of water occurs by filtration and biosorption of traces of contaminants in a special laying by size, i.e. in a layer with particle size decreasing from bottom to top. The purified water is collected by collection trays 5 and through collection pipelines 8 and pipeline 9 is discharged from the installation. Download regeneration, i.e. washing it from settled contaminants is carried out by using purified water from an adjacent biofilter without stopping the entire installation. For the regeneration of the load, only part of the purified water is used, for example, from the biofilter 7, it flows through the combined collection pipe 8 from top to bottom into the first biofilter, launches its load in the holding and floating layers and is removed through the drainage pipe 11.

 The technological advantage of this installation is the complete and deep treatment of wastewater according to the BOD and suspensions, almost to their tracks, the implementation of the regeneration of the load in the operating mode without the expense of special washing water, the simplicity and autonomy of the service, insignificant and quick-payable costs for manufacturing and operation.

Claims (3)

 1. INSTALLATION FOR DEEP BIOLOGICAL WASTE WATER TREATMENT, containing a biofilter in the form of a reservoir with a loading and a support grate, a water and air supply system, a purified water discharge pipe, characterized in that it is made of two biofilters, each of which is equipped with those installed in the upper part of their tanks with prefabricated trays of purified water with prefabricated pipelines connecting the biofilters to each other and with the pipeline for the removal of purified water from the installation, the loading of biofilters is made of polymer material with a tight With a lower density of water, the support lattice is located above the floating load and is equipped with a retaining fixed layer of bulk material placed on it with a particle size decreasing from the bottom up and with a density higher than the density of the water, the feed water and air supply system is located in the lower part of the tanks under the floating loading.  2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the retaining layer is made of gravel or gravel.  3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed water and air supply system is made in the form of pipes with openings located above the bottom of the tank, the upper of which are made to release air, and the lower ones to release water.

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