RU2013064C1 - Method for preparation of fodder mixture from straw and green fodder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; fodder production. SUBSTANCE: method involves placing straw into a swath on stubble and distributing green mass on its top. Then straw is mixed with green mass by a rotary machine travelling along the swath. EFFECT: higher efficiency.

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to feed production technology.

 There is a method of preparing a feed mixture from straw and green feed by crossing the flows of components directed to reflective plates, and arising from this mixing of components (ed. St. USSR N 1454307, class A 01 F 25/16, 1986).

 A disadvantage of the known method for preparing the feed mixture is poor mixing of the components, since a heavier green feed breaks through the straw flow and a layer-by-layer distribution of components is formed on the conveyor, requiring additional mixing. The closest in technical essence and the achieved positive effect to the claimed technical solution is the method of preparation of the feed mixture from straw and green feed by layering straw and green mass with subsequent mixing of the rotary machine (ed. St. USSR N 1158092, class A 01 F 25/16, 1984).

 The disadvantage of this method is the low productivity.

 The aim of the invention is to increase productivity and reduce the energy intensity of the process.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known method of preparing the feed mixture from straw and green feed, for example corn, by pouring the pre-crushed components and then mixing them with a rotary machine, according to the invention, a layer of straw is laid on the ground on the corn stub into a roll, on which then a layer of green feed is poured, and mixing is carried out by a rotary machine of a mobile unit moving along the roll. The novelty of the claimed method is confirmed by the presence of distinctive features in comparison with the prototype.

An example of a specific implementation of the method
The essence of the invention lies in the fact that for the silage of excessively wet feed mixed with straw, a technology based on the placement of chopped straw and green feed in a roll, followed by disassembling with a mobile mixing device (roll technology), is developed. It includes a harvesting unit, a straw and green feed swather, a pick-up mixer and vehicles.

 To prepare the feed mixture of a given ratio, crushed straw is added in an amount of 10-30% of the total mass. It is advisable to pre-harvest straw, chop and store it at the edge of the corn field.

 First, a roll of crushed straw is formed on the headland of the harvested field.

 PF-0.5 loader chopped straw is loaded into the body of the straw swather, which, moving across the field at a speed of 2-3 km / h, unloads it on the stubble of corn or grain crops in a roller with a capacity of 8-20 kg per linear meter and a height of 20 -30 cm

 A layer of green feed (green mass of corn) is then poured onto the formed straw roll by a storage loader based on PTR-16M (green mass swather).

 The green mass of corn is mowed by a harvesting unit, consisting of a KPKU-75 type combine harvester and a drive - reloader based on PRT-16M, aggregated by a T-150K tractor.

 The harvesting unit simultaneously served as a stacker of green mass. After filling the capacity of the drive-reloader, the harvesting unit at the turn unloads the green mass onto a layer of laid straw. The power of the green mass roll is 70-80 kg / p. m and is regulated by the speed of the unit within 2-3 km / h. The width of the formed two-layer roll is 1.5-1.7 m, the height is 30-50 cm, the length of the roll is 120-140 m.

 Formed feed roll capacity of 90-100 kg / p. m is selected and mixed by a rotary machine, made on the basis of a modernized machine PND-250, mounted on a tractor DT-75, moving along the roll. The rotor auger rotates at 41 rpm.

 The tractor moves, capturing the components of the roll at a speed of 1.6-16 km.

 The resulting mixture of straw and corn is conveyed by a screw through an unloading window to an inclined belt conveyor, which overloads it on a transverse belt conveyor, under a tractor combine perpendicular to the inclined one. From the last conveyor, the feed mixture is loaded into the body of a large-capacity vehicle based on 1PTM-9 and 3PTS-12 with its subsequent transportation to the bookmark in a silo trench.

 The advantages of harvesting silage crops using roll technology are manifested in the efficient use of vehicles for the transportation of plant mass. The high productivity of the pick-up mixer based on PND-250 reduces the loading time of vehicles by 4-6 times in comparison with loading them directly from forage harvesters. This increases the productivity of vehicles by 30-40%, which reduces their need by almost half.

Claims (1)

 METHOD FOR PREPARING THE FEED MIX FROM STRAW AND GREEN FEED, including layer-by-layer laying of straw and green mass with their subsequent mixing by rotary machine, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity and reduce energy consumption, layer-by-layer laying of straw and green mass is carried out in the form of a roll, which is placed on the surface of the earth along the stubble, and mixing is carried out in the process of moving the rotary machine along the roll.