RU200132U1 - GROUND VERTICAL TANK WITH OIL STEAM CAPTURE INSTALLATION, EQUIPPED WITH MANOVACUUMETER AND TEMPERATURE SENSOR - Google Patents

Abstract

A ground vertical tank with an oil vapor recovery unit, equipped with a pressure gauge and a temperature sensor, refers to devices for receiving, storing and dispensing oil products, as well as capturing oil vapors, in particular gasoline. The technical device can be used in the oil industry. The utility model includes an above-ground vertical tank, a pipeline for removing steam with a check valve, a buried tank with a low-octane component, a device for receiving vapors of oil products, a refrigerator pipeline, as well as a pressure gauge and a temperature sensor. The technical result is achieved by determining pressure and rarefaction (vacuum) of vapors in the tank when receiving, storing and dispensing petroleum products, in order to prevent deformation of the walls and roof of the tank, as well as determining the temperature of vapors and petroleum products to compare it with the boiling point of gasolines. When the vapor pressure increases (decreases) higher of the normative indicator, the operator on duty stops the processes of receiving (draining) oil products. At the same time, work is being organized to repair breathing valves.When the temperature of vapors of oil products, in particular gasoline, rises above 35 ° C, the operator on duty organizes additional measures to ensure industrial and fire safety.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to devices for storing petroleum products and can be used in petrochemical and other industries of petroleum products supply.

The utility model is most applicable when receiving, storing and dispensing gasoline of various brands at terminals and oil depots equipped with ground vertical steel tanks of large capacity (RVS).

Air pollution at oil depots occurs when vapors of oil products are released during the "large" and "small" breathing of tanks, improper installation of breathing apparatus and other reasons. Losses from "large" breaths are due to the displacement of the vapor-air mixture (PVA) from the reservoir during oil product injection. In this case, the volume of the gas space decreases and the breathing valve is activated. Losses from "small" breaths are caused by daily fluctuations in temperature and partial pressure of fuel vapors (mainly gasoline) in the gas space of the reservoir. The temperature of petroleum products stored in above-ground tanks depends on the ambient temperature. In the summertime, petroleum products in ground-based VSTs are heated to 30 degrees Celsius and more. The boiling point of gasoline is 35 degrees. At this temperature, low-boiling gasoline fractions are converted into steam and through the breathing valve are released into the environment.

Typical features in the operation of tank farms are the periodic delivery of oil products to tank trucks, the receipt of fuel from railway tanks and pipeline transport, as well as long periods of storage of fuel in tanks. This means significant losses from evaporation as a result of "small" breaths, as well as periodically from "large" breaths. Emissions of hydrocarbons into the atmosphere during the evaporation of oil products from reservoirs are very high. This not only leads to fuel losses, but also negatively affects the health of the population.

Combating fuel losses from evaporation, as well as from tank spills, is becoming an important environmental and economic challenge.

Known installation for capturing vapors of petroleum products and removing water for ground horizontal steel tanks [K.R. Kundrotas, Yu.A. Matveev and others. Patent for useful model No. 84253 dated 10.07.2009].

In this installation, the breathing valves of the tanks are equipped with a common gas line with check valves and shut-off valves for the removal of oil vapors during "small" and "large" breaths, which is connected to an additional buried horizontal steel tank with double walls R-5. At the same time, a reservoir with a capacity of 5000 liters is filled with a low-octane component, equipped with an absorber filter with activated carbon and a receiver for oil vapors with two baffles with cells of different diameters. To the bottom of the tanks with oil products, pipelines are welded to drain the water, equipped with valves and viewing devices. The pipelines are connected to a common line, which is connected to the double walls of the tank for vapor recovery.

The installation works as follows. As the temperature in the tanks rises, high-octane oil products begin to evaporate. Gasoline vapors lift the poppet valve disc and enter the common gas line. In this line, under vapor pressure, a check valve is opened and, when the valve is open, the vapors enter the device for receiving vapors of oil products, equipped with two baffles with holes of different diameters. The vapors pass sequentially through partitions with holes of larger and smaller diameters and enter the collection tank, into the inter-wall space of which water is poured for cooling purposes.

At the same time, gaseous hydrocarbons are absorbed by the low-octane component as a result of lowering the temperature below 35 degrees and crushing bubbles.

When carrying out "big" breaths associated with the intake of petroleum products, vapors of gasoline and diesel fuel are similarly fed into the collection tank. In this case, gaseous hydrocarbons are absorbed by the low-octane component as a result of bubble crushing. The undissolved part of gaseous hydrocarbons at the outlet from the tank is captured by an absorber filter.

During the movement of vapors along the gas line, the check valve prevents them from entering the adjacent tanks.

In winter, due to the low temperature, water is removed from the inter-wall space of the reservoir for collection.

The disadvantages of this installation are:

1. Low cooling efficiency of vapors of high-octane oil products when passing through the pipeline to the receiving device.

2. The short length of the cooling pipe.

3. Lack of devices showing the values of pressure, temperature and vacuum (vacuum) of the vapor-air mixture in the tank.

The closest to this problem is the installation for capturing vapors of petroleum products for ground tanks with a double bottom [Yu.A. Matveev and others. Patent for utility model No. 101023 dated 01/10/2011].

The proposed tank, which has inlet and outlet nozzles, a pipeline for receiving and dispensing oil products, a valve, a skylight and gauge hatch, a ventilation nozzle, a high-pressure breathing valve, a manhole, a working pressure breathing valve, is equipped with an additional pipeline with a check valve and a valve, which connects to a buried horizontal steel tank. The tank is equipped with a filter-absorber with activated carbon and a device for receiving vapors of oil products, which is equipped with two baffles with holes of different diameters for crushing steam bubbles. A recessed tank with a capacity of 5 m ^{3 is} half filled with a low-octane component.

An additional pipeline for receiving vapors is equipped underground with a pipeline - a refrigerator filled with water (cooling liquid) and equipped with filling and drain valves.

The utility model works as follows. Through the receiving pipeline, the oil product enters the tank. In this case, the fuel level begins to increase, and, accordingly, the volume of the steam space decreases. In order to capture vapors during large breaths, a valve opens, a check valve and through a pipeline connected to an additional tank equipped with a receiver, vapors enter the tank with a low-octane component. In this case, part of the gaseous hydrocarbons as a result of the fragmentation of bubbles by two partitions with holes of different diameters is absorbed by the low-octane component. The undissolved part of gaseous hydrocarbons at the outlet from the tank is captured by an absorber filter.

With small breaths associated with a change in temperature, with an increase in pressure, the breathing valve also opens and vapors of oil products through a pipeline through a receiving device with partitions enter the tank with a low-octane component.

In this case, most of the vapors are converted into liquid due to cooling in the underground section of the pipeline located in the refrigerator pipeline.

The disadvantages of this installation are:

1. Lack of devices showing the values of pressure, temperature and vacuum (vacuum) of the vapor-air mixture in the tank.

The proposed useful model allows solving the problem of increasing the efficiency of receiving, storing and dispensing oil products, as well as capturing vapors of oil products stored in vertical ground tanks. In these reservoirs, evaporation occurs mainly in connection with a change in temperature ("small" breaths), as well as in connection with the intake of fuel ("large" breaths).

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that a manovacuum meter and a temperature sensor are additionally installed on the roof of the vertical tank, which are connected by communication lines to the control device, and also by the fact that when the vapor pressure values are higher or lower than the set value, the operator stops the processes of receiving and dispensing oil products.

These features are essential for solving the problem of the utility model, since the efficiency of the processes of receiving, storing and dispensing petroleum products, as well as capturing vapors of petroleum products in ground vertical tanks, increases, while the reliability of the tank farm operation is increased.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings (Fig. 1, Fig. 2), which show: sections of the tank with a vapor recovery unit and equipment, as well as a breathing valve with an additional pipeline.

The proposed tank 1, has an inlet and outlet nozzles 2, a pipeline for receiving and dispensing oil products 3, valves 4, light and gauge hatches 5,6, a ventilation nozzle 7, a high-pressure breathing valve 8, a hatch-hole 9, a breathing valve of working pressure 10 , additional pipeline (steam line) 11 with a check valve 12 and a valve 13.

An additional pipeline 11 is connected to a buried horizontal steel tank 14. The tank is equipped with an absorbent filter with activated carbon 15 and a device for receiving vapors of oil products 16, which is equipped with two baffles with holes of various diameters 17.18 for crushing steam bubbles. A buried tank with a capacity of 5 m ^{3 is} half filled with low-octane component 19 (diesel fuel).

An additional pipeline for receiving vapors is equipped underground 20 with a pipeline - a refrigerator 21 filled with water (cooling liquid). Pipeline - refrigerator 21 has filling and drain valves (valves) 22,23.

Additionally, a pressure gauge 24 and a temperature sensor 25 are installed on the roof of a vertical steel tank. The pressure gauge is designed to determine the vapor pressure of oil products (vapor space) of the reservoir. Also, the specified device is designed to determine the rarefaction (vacuum) of vapors. Vacuum (vacuum) occurs when oil products are dispensed from the tank. A significant increase or decrease in the vapor pressure of petroleum products when the breathing valve is inoperative can lead to deformation of the walls and roof of the tank.

The temperature sensor is used to determine the temperature of the vapors, which will roughly correspond to the temperature of the oil product. An increase in the temperature of oil products, in particular gasolines, above 35 degrees Celsius leads to increased evaporation of light fractions of the oil product, which requires additional measures for fire and industrial safety. The pressure gauge and the temperature sensor are connected by communication lines 26 to the control device 27 in the room of the operator on duty.

The utility model works as follows. Through the intake pipeline 3, the oil product enters the reservoir 1. In this case, the level of the oil product 28 begins to increase, and, accordingly, the volume of vapors 29 decreases. In order to capture vapors during "large" breaths, valve 10, check valve 12 are opened, and through a pipeline 11 connected to an additional tank 14 equipped with a receiver 16, vapors enter the tank with a low-octane component. In this case, part of the vapors of petroleum products as a result of the fragmentation of bubbles by two partitions with holes of different diameters 17, 18 is absorbed by the low-octane component 19. The undissolved part of the vapors at the outlet from the reservoir is captured by the absorber filter 15.

In case of "small" breaths associated with a change in temperature, with an increase in pressure, the breathing valve 10 also opens and the vapors of oil products through the pipeline 11 through a receiving device with partitions enter the tank with a low-octane component.

After entering, most of the vapors are converted into liquid due to cooling in the underground section of the pipeline 11, located in the pipeline of the refrigerator 21.

When the vapor pressure increases (decreases) above the standard indicator, the operator on duty stops the processes of receiving (draining) oil products in order to prevent deformation of the walls and roof of the tank. At the same time, work is being organized to repair the breathing valves. Valve failure can be associated with icing or corrosion.

With an increase in the temperature of the vapor-air mixture of oil products, in particular gasoline, above 35 degrees Celsius, an increased evaporation of light fractions of oil products occurs. At the same time, the operator on duty organizes additional measures to ensure industrial and fire safety.

Claims (1)

A ground vertical tank with an oil vapor recovery unit, equipped with a pressure gauge and a temperature sensor, including a pipeline for vapor removal with a non-return valve, a buried tank with a low-octane component, a device for receiving vapors of oil products, a refrigerator pipeline, characterized in that a pressure gauge and a temperature sensor are additionally installed on the roof of the vertical tank, which are connected by communication lines to the control device, as well as the fact that when values of vapor pressure above or below the set value, the operator stops the processes of receiving and dispensing oil products.

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