RU2000930C1 - Method for making hollow articles from gypsum-based materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to methods for manufacturing hollow core elements from gypsum-based materials imitating natural stones Marble, granite, porphyry, schmum The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality, strength, reduce material and energy consumption of products. The invention consists in dividing gypsum for 3-7 hours and adding each part of the corresponding pigment and a different amount of binder, mixing these parts and adhering the mixture to the inner surface of the mold with an even layer of hardening the mixture and shooting the mold, fur processing the cavity of the product and its putty, mechanical polishing of the outer surface of the product, coating it with a protective layer and final polishing 5zp f-l

Description

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The invention relates to methods for the production of hollow products from gypsum-based materials imitating natural stone: marble, granite, porphyry, shema, and can be used in the manufacture of vases, pedestals, fireplaces, other small architectural forms, as well as for interior decoration.

There is a known method of manufacturing products from materials imitating natural stones by dividing the basis of the material into parts, mixing part of the base with pigments and both parts with a binder, mixing the parts together and molding 1.

The disadvantages of the known method are the relatively limited choice of simulated stones, the high material consumption and environmental hazards of the method, since a rod is used as the basis of the material, and an autoclave is used to carry out the method.

A known method of manufacturing products from gypsum-based materials by adding to each part of the mixture a different amount of binder, molding and applying a surface layer of transparent material 2.

The disadvantages of this method are the limited choice of simulated stone structures - only structures with veins, but without grains, and product heterogeneity, since the mixture is applied to a workpiece made of another material, which negatively affects the quality and strength of the product.

A known method of manufacturing gypsum products by dividing gypsum into parts, mixing part of gypsum with pigments, mixing together parts of gypsum, molding and hardening the mixture in mold and removing mold 3.

The disadvantages of this method are the limited possibilities of imitating natural stones and obtaining compositions of artificial stone structures of various patterns and colors, relatively low strength, high material consumption, and energy intensity, due to the need to crush sintered gypsum.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of products due to the possibility of simulating a greater number of natural stones and to obtain more varied in color gamut and pattern of artificial stone compositions, increasing strength due to surface treatment of the product, reducing material consumption due to the hollowness of the product and energy consumption due to crushing of green sintered gypsum

This goal is achieved due to the fact that gypsum is divided into 3 ... 7 unequal parts and a different amount of pigment of their color is added to each part, which increases the ability to simulate various natural stones and the variety of colors of artificial stones; a different amount of binder is added to each part, which ensures the production of parts with different viscosity and ductility, and when mixing the parts, it helps to obtain a variety of patterns of artificial stone or a structure that mimics the desired natural

a rock; molding is carried out by gluing a semi-dry mixture onto the inner surface of the mold, which allows you to select the desired pattern and ensures the hollowness of the product; sinks in the product after

the molds are filled with the same mixture, which allows you to select the desired pattern and fill the sink without violating the integrity of the pattern of the surface of the product and, in addition, to increase the strength of the product;

the inner surface of the product

they are machined and putty with a diluted mixture, which helps to increase the strength of the product; the outer surface is puttyed with a diluted mixture and polished, which also increases the strength of the product; the product is dried for more than a day, which also helps to increase strength; a protective layer of

transparent material and expose it

polishing, which also improves the quality and durability of the product.

In addition, a powder pigment may be mixed with

0 gypsum in a dry powder state, which reduces pigment consumption, but does not affect the color intensity, and also helps to reduce material consumption. In addition, to obtain granular

5 granite structures of a part of gypsum mixed with the corresponding pigments and binders are crushed in a semi-dry state, which helps to reduce the energy intensity of the method.

0

The listed distinguishing features are significant because they contribute to the achievement of the goal and provide a positive effect, and are novel, since they are unknown in this combination and provide a new super-total positive effect.

A method of manufacturing hollow products from gypsum-based materials that mimic natural stones is as follows

Gypsum, comprising from 40 to 65% of the final mixture, is divided into 3 ... 7 unequal parts and pigments of their color, which can make up from 1 to 30% of the final mixture, are added to each part in various amounts. A different amount of binder obtained from water and an adhesive, such as bone, is added to each part of the gypsum. In a binder, eggs may be used. The amount of binder in the final mixture may be from 30 to 70%. The percentage of components of the final mixture depends on the structure of which natural stone needs to be simulated.

The mixing of pigments with parts of gypsum can be carried out both in the semi-aquatic and dry powdered state of gypsum. In the latter case, a relatively lower amount of pigment is required since the pigment is better developed when a binder is added.

If necessary, obtain granular, granite or the like. structures respectively pigmented and bonded parts of gypsum are crushed in a dry form when gypsum has not yet been seized and the crushing process is less energy intensive.

Parts of the mixture are mixed together to obtain the desired structure, pattern and viscosity.

The semi-dry mixture is adhered in accordance with the required structure with a uniform layer on the inner surface of the mold or matrix, which can be made on the basis of epoxy or polyester resins or from other materials. The shapes may be bodies of revolution, have flat or any other kind of surface.

After the mixture has solidified, the mold is removed or disassembled. The shells that may occur on the outer surface of the product are filled with the same mixture, selecting the appropriate pattern.

If necessary, the inner surface of the cavity of the article is machined to smooth out irregularities to achieve uniform wall thickness of the article.

If the cavity of the article is a body of revolution, a tumbling machine may be used; planing machines or tools may be used for cavities of products with planes or surfaces close to them. The product cavity is sealed with a mixture to fill in possible sinks and scratches.

The outer surface of the product is subjected to 3-7 mm cycles of successive puttying with a diluted mixture and polishing with abrasives of decreasing dispersion. Polishing and puttying, depending on the shape of the product, can be carried out on an electric pottery wheel, turning

or a grinding machine and other mechanical devices.

After polishing, the product is dried, the time of which may be depending on the volume of the product

up to 24 days.

The final step consists in applying a protective layer of a transparent material, such as wax, to the outer surface of the article and finally polishing the outer surface of the article.

(56) French application N 1535244, cl. From 04 to 27/00, 1968.

French application N 1385602, cl. From 04 to 27/02, 1964.

USSR copyright certificate No. 406909. cl. C 04 V 11/024, 1973.

Claims (2)

1. METHOD FOR PRODUCING GASKETS FROM MATERIALS BASED ON GYPSUM, IMITATING NATURAL STONES, by dividing gypsum into parts, mixing part of gypsum with pigments and a binder, mixing together parts of gypsum, molding and hardening the mixture in a mold, which removes the mold that a binder is added to each part, heterogeneous mixing of the parts is carried out until a semi-dry mixture with a given pattern is obtained, molding is carried out by applying a semi-dry mixture on the inner surface of the mold, the sink in the product after removing the molds It is filled with the same mixture, the outer surface is puttied and polished, the product is dried, and a protective layer of transparent material is applied to the outer surface. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the gypsum is divided into 3 to 7 unequal parts and a different amount of pigment of its color is added to the part, a different amount of binder is added to each part. 7 2000930g Z. benefit in paragraphs. 1 and 2, different 5. The method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized by that. that, as a binder, some parts of gypsum are mixed with an aqueous solution of an organic adhesive, with the appropriate pigments and the product is dried for a b-5 binder, crushed. less than a day. 6. The method according to PP. 1 - 4 or 5, distinguish 4. The method according to claims 1 to 3. characterized in that the inner surface the fact that the gypsum is divided into parts and mixed, the products are subjected to mechanical processing in dry powder co-production and puttyed with the diluted mixture, one hundred years.