RU2000223C1 - Road train drawing-coupling hitch - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: relates to the automotive industry and relates to ball-type coupling devices with stabilizers of longitudinal and lateral stability of road trains. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The stability stabilizer of a road train with a ball-type towing hitch is made in the form of two cylindrical chambers filled with liquid, placed one in the other and interconnected by a rod. The stem is provided with three vanes located at an angle of 120 °; to each other and connected to the drawbar of the trailer to rotate in the inner chamber. The housing of the outer chamber is connected to the lock of the tow hitch. The inner chamber is arranged to move together with the rod along the guides fixed in the outer chamber, is spring-loaded relative to the latter and is divided by three partitions fixed to the guides in the inner chamber at an angle of 120 °; to each other. 2 ill.

Description

73 C

The invention relates to the automotive industry and relates to ball-type couplings for connecting and transporting various trailers to automobiles.

Devices for stabilizing the horizontal position of a vehicle platform are known. These devices are designed to improve stability and improve the smooth running of the vehicle, however, they cannot be used in towing devices of road trains.

To improve the operating conditions of a car with a trailer, longitudinal and lateral stability stabilizers are used to reduce the negative impact of the trailer on the car. As a rule, stabilizers of longitudinal and lateral stability are independently manufactured and installed on different sections of the towing device. This solution, as the closest to the one claimed for the prototype.

The longitudinal stability stabilizer consists of two three-leaf springs, which are pivotally connected by the front ends to the towbar of the vehicle so that the springs can rotate in a horizontal plane. The rear ends of the springs are connected through the tie rods to the drawbar of the trailer. The elastic action of the springs dampens the oscillations of the trailer in a vertical plane.

The anti-roll bar prevents the trailer from affecting the vehicle horizontally. The stabilizer consists of two hydraulic shock absorbers Kostonok)

Ltd

Yu GO

ABOUT

early action coupled to the towbar of the vehicle and to the drawbar of the trailer with quick release ball joints.

The installation of existing stability stabilizers complicates the coupling and uncoupling of the road train somewhat, complicates the design of the towing device itself, as well as reduces productivity and creates additional inconveniences when evaluating and operating the road train. In addition, known stabilizers are not significantly effective in damping the trailer's negative vibrations with respect to automobiles.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of damping the negative vibrations of the trailer relative to the tractor while simplifying the design of the stabilizer.

The goal is achieved in that the stabilizer is made in the form of a cylindrical chamber, inside which a second cylindrical chamber is placed with the possibility of movement along the guide rods, the ends of which are fixed to the ends of the outer chamber. The cameras are interconnected by a rod. The rod is equipped with three vanes located at an angle of 120 ° to each other and connected to the drawbar of the trailer. The smaller cylindrical chamber is divided into three parts by three partitions located at an angle of 120 ° to each other. In a smaller chamber, the stem can only move in a circle. In the large (outer) chamber, the rod moves along the axis along with the smaller (inner) chamber along the guides. The chambers are filled with oil or other liquid. The housing of the outer chamber is connected to the lock of the tow hitch.

Figure 1 shows the stability stabilizer of a road train with a towing coupling device of a spherical type, general view; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1.

The stability stabilizer of the road train contains a cylindrical chamber 1. connected by means of part 2 to the locking device 3, which is connected through the ball transport head 4 to the car body. Inside the cylindrical chamber 1, a cylindrical chamber 5 is placed with the possibility of moving along the axis of the outer cylindrical chamber along the guides 6 fixed to the end of the chamber 1. On the guides 6 in the inner chamber 5, partitions 7 are fixed at an angle of 120 ° to each other. The chambers 1 and 5 are interconnected by the rod 8. The rod 8 is connected at one end to the drawbar 9 of the trailer, the other end is in the cavity of the chambers 1 and 5

the rod 8 is fixed and placed in the cavity of the inner cylindrical chamber 5 with a gap between the walls of the chamber 5 of the blade 10, located at an angle of 120 ° to each other. A return spring 11 is installed on the rod 8 between the chambers 1 and 5. Springs 12 are mounted on the guides 6 in the chamber 1. A rubber stop 13 is installed on the inner end of the chamber 1 to prevent impacts of the ends of the big 1 and small 5 chambers. To fill chambers 1 and 5 with oil or other liquid, as well as to remove air plugs, holes 14 and 15 (in chamber 1), 16 and 17 and (in chamber 5) are made in them.

The stabilizer works as follows.

Since the drawbar 9 of the trailer is connected to the locking device 3 through the hydraulic system of the big 1 and small 5 chambers of the stabilizer using the rod 8 and the stabilizer body, the forces on the rod 8 are transmitted along the axis of the drawbar 9 of the trailer and the rotation of the force around the drawbar axis. The car begins to move along arrow B. The stabilizer body 1 moves in the same direction. Since the stabilizer body 1 is connected to the stem 8 only by a cavity Г filled with liquid or oil, the liquid or oil begins to flow through the gaps 18 and 19 from the cavity G to the cavity D, while the shocks directed along arrow B are soft, when the forces are directed along arrow B, the trailer runs on the car. The drawbar 9 of the trailer through the rod 8 and the small chamber 5 begins to put pressure on the liquid in the cavity D, resulting in a soft movement of the small cylindrical chamber 5 towards the locking device 8 until it stops against the rubber stop 13. When the car is moving on rough roads, when they jump on an irregularity, either the right or left wheel, a small cylindrical chamber 5 comes into operation. The drawbar 9 of the trailer through the rod 8 transfers force in the direction of the arrow E or G. In this case, the blades 10 mounted on the rod 8 begin to turn in the direction of the arrow E or and G. The liquid or oil between the blades 10 and the partitions 7 is compressed and begins to move from one chamber to another through the gap 19. Since the liquid cannot instantly move from one chamber to another, the shock is suppressed and smoothed. From axial displacement, the stabilizer casing is held by the rod 8, the small casing 5 of the chamber, the blades 10 of the rod 8 and the baffles 7 of the small 5 chamber.

The proposed device is installed between the locking device 3 and the drawbar 9 of the trailer once for the entire duration of the operation of the trailer. Existing stabilizers of longitudinal and lateral stability must be adjusted every time after the next coupling and uncoupling of the trailer. Thus, the proposed construction of the stabilizer allows to reduce the complexity of the coupling-uncoupling of the road train. In addition, by increasing the damping efficiency of the negative vibrations of the towed trailer, it is proposed to increase the durability of the car body.

Claims (1)

The claims Traction coupling device of a road train comprising a drawbar coupled to one link of a road train and connected to another link, and also made on one of the links / @ iV g / F / () „A -1  tzre fig 1A sr a cylindrical shape and a stabilizer housing filled with working fluid, inside of which are placed longitudinal partitions and one end of the rod, made 5 with blades with the possibility of rotation along the longitudinal axis, characterized in that, in order to improve performance by damping longitudinal vibrations, the drawbar is divided into two parts, 0 of which the front end is rigidly connected with the stabilizer body, inside of which there is a spring-loaded relative to it and filled with a working fluid of cylindrical shape 5, a chamber made with the possibility of longitudinal movement relative to the housing along the guides fixed at their ends on the end surfaces of the housing, the end of the stem with vanes 0 is located inside the chamber, which also contains partitions, and the other end of the rod is rigidly connected to the rear of the drawbar. AND sr ™ i eighteen # GO at Aa FIG. Z