RU2091020C1 - Ointment for treatment of fungal and mite animal skin damages - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary science, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: preparation containing sulfur, dimedrol, dioxydin and vehicle has additionally aquaboron and methyluracil and polar fox fat as vehicle at the following ratio of components, wt. -%: aquaboron 20-40; dimedrol 0.7-1.5; dioxydin 0.7-1.5; methyluracil 2-4; sulfur 3-6, and polar fox fat 40-80. The proposed ointment shows high therapeutic activity, broad spectrum of fungicide, acaricide and antibacterial effects, low toxicity and ecological safety. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of ointment. 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the field of veterinary medicine, in particular to means for treating fungal and tick-borne skin lesions of otodectosis, demodecosis, acarosis, trichophytosis, microsporia of various animal species.

 Currently, in veterinary practice, drugs of various compositions are used to treat mycoses and arachnoentomoses.

 Until recently, preparations containing sulfur and its compounds, phenols, cresols and their derivatives (resorcinol, creosote, tar, ichthyoline, creolin, carboline, solvent, naphthalisode, etc.), as well as drugs, were most widely used in veterinary practice as arachnoinsecticides. formaldehyde groups.

 In recent years, permethrin and other pyrethroids obtained synthetically have become widespread.

 It is known to use sulfur purified [1] obtained by distillation of sulfur and purified from impurities with an ammonia solution. Without affecting the skin and mucous membranes of animals, sulfur, interacting with oxygen, forms sulfur dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, which has a detrimental effect on germs and ticks. In this case, moderate irritation of the endings of the nerves of the skin and mucous membrane occurs.

Quite effective is the use of creolin as an endoparasitic agent [1]
There are coal, peat, wood and shale creoles. For the treatment of diseases caused by scabies mites, a number of liniments are used in various compositions and ratios with turpentine, green soap, vegetable oil, kerosene, milk. They also buy animals in the bathtubs.

 Bethylxanthogen-soap K is also a potent agent for parasites, including ticks. The drug is used in different concentrations. As an acaricide, it is used in the form of a 4-6% emulsion, however, at this concentration, along with high efficiency, it has a significant degree of toxicity and irritating effect.

 For a long time, phenol (carbolic acid) obtained by distillation of coal tar or synthetically has been used in veterinary practice.

 Phenol, used in a 1-2% concentration, stops the growth of almost all microbes, as well as the causative fungi of trichophytosis and microsporia. However, the main disadvantage of phenol group preparations is their high toxicity.

 Organophosphorus group preparations are used and used for the treatment and prevention of animal sarcoptosis and demodicosis [1] These acaricides, penetrating the cuticle and respiratory system, disrupt enzymatic and oxidative processes in the parasite's body. The most common and affordable drug in the treatment of animal demodicosis is chlorophos for a long time. This is a systemic drug. It is used to treat cattle in the form of a 3-5% oil solution, or an aqueous emulsion, for treating dogs in the form of a 2-3% oil solution.

 However, chlorophos has low acaricidal properties, it does not have ovocidal and fungicidal effects.

In addition, organophosphorus compounds are highly toxic to animals and humans. So LD _{50 of} chlorophos for rats when administered orally is 560-630 mg / kg.

A pronounced preventive and therapeutic effect in arachnoentomiasis of animals is possessed by preparations from the group of pyrethroids. Pyrethroids of various generations (stomozan, ectomine, butox, etc.) are currently widely used in veterinary practice [2]
One of the first and most common drugs is stomozan-permethrin, obtained synthetically. The mechanism of its action is based on a paralyzing effect (blocking nerve impulses) during the accumulation of arthropods on the membranes of nerve cells. However, drugs of this group sometimes cause a hypersensitivity reaction of the skin of the animal and irritate the mucous membranes. In addition, they are volatile and have high toxicity, which poses a certain danger to both animals and staff.

 Known drug of the formaldehyde-formalin group.

 Formalin (40% aqueous formaldehyde solution) has a strong antimicrobial effect and pronounced acaroinsecticidal properties.

 For the treatment of limited skin lesions caused by scabies mites, formalin is used in the form of a liniment consisting of formalin 10.0, green soap, wine alcohol and water at 60.0; the liniment is rubbed into the affected areas.

 Formalin is irritating and cauterizing on mucous membranes, it tightens and dries the skin. It is easily neutralized by ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, which is due to its deodorizing effect.

Known drug containing sulfur, dioxidine, diphenhydramine and an excipient selected as a prototype [3]
The aim of the invention is to increase efficiency with a significant reduction in toxicity in the treatment of skin diseases associated with tick and fungal infections.

 This goal is achieved using the ointment "Akarobor" as a means for the treatment of the above pathologies of animals for the first time, which meets the criteria of "novelty" and "significant differences".

 The composition of the ointment "Acarobor" includes aquabor, dioxidine, methyluracil, diphenhydramine, purification sulfur and, as a basis, Arctic fox.

Acarobor is a mixture of organoboron compounds. It is well soluble in water and organic solvents. It has fungicidal, acaricidal and antimicrobial effects. Low toxicity, LD ₅₀ for white rats and mice is 10,310 mg / kg.

 Quinoxaline dioxidine derivative. Slightly soluble in water (up to 1%). It has a wide range of antimicrobial effects. It is approved for use in veterinary medicine orally, intramuscularly and externally in the form of an ointment.

 Aerosil is slightly soluble in water (up to 0.9%). Stimulates cellular and humoral defense factors. It has anti-inflammatory effect, non-toxic. Widely used in medicine.

 Diphenhydramine-dimethylaminoethyl ester of benzhydrol hydrochloride. Antihistamine. It has anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effects. It is soluble in water and organic solvents. Not destroyed when boiled. It is widely used in medicine and veterinary medicine.

 Arctic fox fat is a wide range of organic fatty acids. It has high penetration, non-toxic. It is used for medical and perfumery purposes in industry.

 Ointment "Acarobor" is a homogeneous mass of yellow with a specific smell. Release form glass or plastic bottles with a capacity of 10 to 25 ml.

Store in a dry, dark place at temperatures up to 10 ^o C. Shelf life six months.

 The feasibility of using this ointment for the treatment of tick and fungal skin lesions is due to the new properties of the drug discovered by the authors of the application (patent): simultaneously acaricidal, fungicidal and bactericidal action.

 The acaricidal effect of Acarobor ointment on ticks at different phases of life is presented in comparison with formalin and chlorophos in Table 1.

 From the data table. 1 it follows that the drug "Akarobor" has a pronounced acaricidal and ovocidal effect, causing 100% death of eggs, females and males. Formalin and chlorophos have a less effective effect, causing the death of 30-40% of eggs and 50-60% of adults.

 In the treatment of animals, ointment treatment is carried out according to the following methodology. Using a gauze swab, the ointment is rubbed with a thin layer into the affected areas of the skin 1 time every 5-6 days in the winter or 1 time 3-4 days in the summer season. Processing is carried out 3-5 times.

 We studied the acaricidal effect of the proposed ointment (with aquabor), comparing it with a prototype containing sulfur, dioxidine, diphenhydramine and filler (patent RU N 2030868, A 01 N 25/00, 03/20/95). The drugs were tested in various phases of tick life (Table 2).

 From the table. 2 it follows that the new Acarobor ointment has a pronounced acaricidal and ovocidal effect, causing 100% death of eggs and mites of females and males. Ointment prototype has a less pronounced activity, causing 50% death of eggs and 70% of adults.

 The authors found that acarobor has a direct acaricidal effect, a possible mechanism of which is as follows.

 Absorbed into the skin, the drug is mixed with lymph, which is a source of nutrition for ticks and fungi. When ingested, the parasite "Akarobor" suppresses the digestion function of the latter, which ultimately leads to its death.

 As the basis of the ointment, Arctic fox is used. This enhances the effect of the drug. Firstly, its penetrating ability increases. Secondly, fat, enveloping the body of the tick, causes a cessation of breathing, the accumulation of under-oxidized substances that block the transmission of nerve impulses and cause paralysis of the nervous system of parasites. Thus, there is a blockade of all internal systems.

 Dioxidine, which is part of the ointment, has a strong antimicrobial effect, which is especially important in the prevention of second infections, which, as a rule, are accompanied by tick-borne and fungal infections.

 Methyluracil and diphenhydramine can reduce inflammatory processes, relieve itching and reduce the processes of anxiety in a sick animal.

 Thus, the combined use of the above components in the basis of the ointment makes it possible and appropriate to use it in the treatment of tick and fungal skin lesions, as well as complex processes associated with the occurrence of a second infection.

 Clinical trials of ointment "Acarobor".

 The first clinical trials of the drug were carried out on cattle (25 animals) and dogs (38 animals).

 Animals were affected by ticks and fungi with varying degrees of intensity and with varying severity of clinical manifestations.

 Sick animals were treated with Acarobor ointment four times with an interval of 4 days. Animals of other experimental groups were treated with a 2% oily chlorophos solution. The results showed that by 7-12 days, in most cases, animals recovered in those groups where Acarobor ointment was used.

 In the future, upon receipt of primary positive results, the drug was tested on a wider number of animals and on animals of other species (cats, small cattle, more than 1 thousand heads).

 The test results showed a high therapeutic effect of Acarobor ointment in the treatment of animal diseases associated with tick and fungal skin lesions, as well as in pathological processes complicated by second infections.

 When analyzing scientific and technical documentation and literature and conducting a patent search, no analogues of the proposed ointment were found.

Feasibility
The advantages of using Acarobor ointment are.

 High acaricidal activity both against adult parasites and their larvae.

 Fungicidal and bactericidal action, which allows suppressing second infections that frequently occur and complicate the pathological process.

 Significant deep penetration ability and prolonged action of the drug.

 Low, unlike other acaricides, the toxicity of the drug for animals and humans.

Sources of information
1. S. G. Tsarev. The use of drugs in veterinary medicine. M. Publishing House of the Ministry of Agriculture of the RSFSR, 1963, p. 158, 179, 184.

 2. Directory of veterinary drugs / ed. P.P. Dostoevsky. Kiev, Harvest, 1986.

 3. RU, patent N 2030868, class A 01 N 25/00, 03.20.95.

Claims (1)

 An ointment for the treatment of fungal and tick-borne lesions of the animal’s skin, including sulfur, diphenhydramine, dioxidine and a filler, characterized in that it additionally contains aquabor and methyluracil, and arctic fox as a filler in the following ratio of components, wt. Aquabor 20.0 40.0
Diphenhydramine 0.7 1.5
Dioxidine 0.7 1.5
Methyluracil 2.0 4.0
Sulfur 3.0 6.0
Arctic fox fat 40.0 80.0

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