RU2085427C1 - Streamlined body of car - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: automotive industry; car bodies. SUBSTANCE: body is made of lower plane and side and upper planes. Side planes intersect at rear vertical edge at acute angle γ within 25 degrees. Rounded off upper surface in form of half the straight round cone is mated with side planes and end face surface made in form of part of spherical surface whose radius is calculated by formula r=2,53v²/ω where r - radius of curvature in meters; V - driving speed, m/s; w- - acceleration, m/s. End portion is made detachable and folding. EFFECT: enlarged operating capabilities. 2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to road transport, in particular to streamlined bodies of cars and trucks.

 Known car bodies are carried out without regard to their most advantageous shape in order to reduce aerodynamic drag at high speeds.

The frontal surfaces of the cabs, as well as the ends of the body, are made flat, often normally located in the direction of movement [1, 2]
Rounding the transition angles of one plane, for example, the frontal and lateral from the upper, is done without any aerodynamic calculation, which causes significant aerodynamic drag when driving at high speed, overcoming of which requires additional energy, and, accordingly, unjustified burning out of fuel, and how The result is a rise in the cost of cargo.

 Car M-20, "Victory", adopted for the prototype [3] has the disadvantage that its front and rear body parts are made without taking into account the most advantageous shape to reduce aerodynamic drag.

 This invention eliminates all of the above disadvantages and makes the body shape almost perfect, not giving drag at high speeds, thereby showing the finished model of the body of the future car, which will save up to 15% of fuel going unnecessarily due to good streamlining to overcome aerodynamic resistance.

The essence of the invention is that the body is made of a lower plane and side, intersecting each other at the rear vertical edge at an acute angle γ within 25 ^o , in the upper surface rounded in shape to half a straight round cone, mating with the side planes and the frontal surface, made in the shape of a spherical part, the radius of which is determined by the formula:
r = 2.53v ² / ω
where is 2.53 coefficient;
r radius of rounding of the sphere in meters;
V speed in m / s;
w acceleration in m / s ² .

 And the tail is removable and folding.

 In FIG. 1 shows a body side view; in FIG. 2 top view; in FIG. 3 is a sectional view along the front wheels of FIG. 1 body shape; in FIG. 4 section along the rear wheels in figure 1. Body shape shown.

A car body with a frontal surface 1, a body 2 and a tail 3, is made of a lower 4 plane and side 5 intersecting each other at the rear vertical 6 edge at an acute angle g within 25 ^o and the upper 7 surface rounded in the shape of half a straight round cone, mating with the lateral 5 planes and the frontal 1 surface, made in the form of a spherical part, the radius of which is determined by the formula:
r = 2.53v ² / ω
The tail part 3 is removable and folding.

An example of a specific implementation can be a car body with a radius of the sphere r equal to 1 m for a speed of V 200 km / h (V 55.6 m / s). The intersection angle of the lateral 5 planes at the trailing edge is 6 g 25 ^o . The length along the height of the trailing edge 6 is at least 1 m. The length of the body is 6 m. The length of the removable tail section is 3 1.6 m, made as an umbrella from an impermeable material worn on a spoke frame. At this speed on the frontal surface there is an acceleration of air particles to a value of w 7850 m / s ² .

 The minimum aerodynamic drag of the body to the incoming air flow is explained by the fact that increased pressure is created on the surface 1, and in the zone of the tail part 3 there is a vacuum from the body that is going forward. As a result, air particles will rush from the zone of high pressure 1 to the discharge zone 3 along the surface of a sphere 1 of radius r. And their speed, from the resulting pressure drop, increases by a rounding of the radius 1.59 times greater than the speed of movement V. As a result, air particles, enveloping the rounded spheres r, will experience acceleration w from centrifugal forces thereby creating a vacuum on the surface of the sphere, the resultant force of which on the frontal surface will be oriented obliquely forward, and in projection onto the line of movement there will be significantly more than the resulting force from the forces of resistance of the incoming flow and forces from rarefaction on the tail part 3, and along that the resultant of the centrifugal forces of the front surface 1 will spontaneously pull forward the car body in the driving direction like a yacht, extending into the wind, or like lifting force of an airplane wing.

 The same effect explains the free and easy flight of birds, since their front part of the body is made close to spherical, and the body itself is short.

 All of the above will be true only if there is a spherical frontal surface 1 of radius r and a conical surface of the tail part 3 made along a generatrix of a rectilinear shape and located immediately after the spherical surface 1.

 The proximity of the discharge zone 3 from the pressure zone 1 and gives the above effect.

 This effect will not happen if the frontal surface 1 is removed from the rarefaction zone 3 by parallel walls at least at a distance of one radius r (verified by experiments).

 This is due to the fact that any micro-pressure or vacuum occurring on the car body is instantly balanced with the environment.

The formula r = v ² / ω
given in the book of Ishlinsky A.Yu. "Classical mechanics and inertial forces." M. Science, 1987, p. 46.

Claims (2)

1. The car body, including the frontal surface, the body and the tail, characterized in that the body is made of a lower plane and side, intersecting each other at the rear vertical edge at an acute angle within 25 ^o , and the upper surface, rounded in the shape of half straight a circular cone mating with the lateral planes and the frontal surface, made in the form of a spherical part, the radius of which is determined by the formula
r = 2.53v ² / ω,
where r is the radius of curvature of the sphere, m;
V speed of movement, m / s;
ω is the acceleration, m / s ² .  2. The body under item 1, characterized in that the tail section is removable and folding.

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