RU2057418C1 - Weed control method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: method involves conducting presowing soil preparation in autumn; treating soil land with contact herbicide and lime mixture in spring 4-6 days after sowing. EFFECT: increased efficiency of method and reduced tilled crop cultivation expenses. 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to agriculture, and can be used in the cultivation of row crops.

 A known method of combating weeds during the cultivation of corn, including the introduction of a mixture of herbicides after the emergence of seedlings of corn. In the known method, the introduced herbicidal mixture is introduced selectively (tape), which does not give the effect of the complete destruction of weeds. The pre-sowing cultivation of the field covers the seeds that have not yet sprouted seeds and rhizomes of annual and perennial weeds, which enter shortly after sowing. For the destruction of weeds, multiple inter-row cultivations are required, application of selective herbicides (on seedlings of the cultivated crop), which increases the costs of cultivation, compacts the soil, reduces its quality, and, consequently, the crop yield.

 The closest technical solution is a method of combating weeds, including applying the herbicide after sowing to a depth less than the depth of seed placement. In this case, before sowing, they cut cracks in the soil, and the herbicide itself is applied in tape.

 The disadvantage of this method is that the herbicide introduced tape does not act on all parts of the field, but selectively only in the row of crops. In the aisles, the rhizomes of huma remain, which sprout plentifully. To destroy weeds between rows, 2-3 times cultivation by cultivators is required, which increases the cost of cultivating row crops. In addition, the herbicide accumulated in the cracks increases the acidity of the soil, which reduces the yield of the cultivated crop and increases its value.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the method, reducing the cost of cultivating row crops.

 The goal is achieved in that the soil preparation for sowing row crops is prepared in the fall, and the application of herbicides in a mixture with lime is carried out 4-6 days after sowing the row crop.

 The method is as follows.

 In the fall, after harvesting crops, such as winter wheat, the plot is prepared for sowing, i.e. carry out plowing, field leveling, pre-sowing cultivation. In spring, when weeds begin to vegetate, they sow corn without any pre-treatment. This agricultural technique is necessary in order to enable all weeds to grow, including malicious rhizomes like gumai and others. 4-6 days after sowing, the roundup herbicide is applied in a mixture with lime in an amount of 5-6 kg / ha. This continuous action herbicide destroys all vegetative weeds. The herbicide does not act on seeds for 4-6 days. After 7 days, corn seeds begin to peck. Therefore, the processing of the site should be carried out in the range of 4-6 days after sowing.

 Roundup is used in an amount of 2.5 kg to 3.0 kg / ha, which is dissolved in 500 l of water. The specified amount of lime is added to this aqueous mixture, which neutralizes the soil by as much as the acidity of the roundup increases.

 The proposed mixture of herbicide and lime is introduced no earlier than 4 days after sowing, since during this period all weed plants, including those that were rammed under the wheels of the seeder, sprout. The method is especially effective on crops of corn in the fight against weed. Corn and gumai belong to the same family of cereals. The use of selective herbicides in corn crops does not completely destroy the humai and acts negatively on the cultivated crop.

 PRI me R 1. In the fall, plowing with a plow PGP-3-35 to a depth of 20-22 cm was carried out. The plot was leveled by the planner VPN-5.6 A. Then, continuous cultivation was carried out with the KShU-12 aggregate. In the spring (April 10-12), the SUPN-8 corn seeder was sown. 4 days after sowing, the herbicide was applied in rounds in an amount of 2.5 kg / ha per 500 l of water. 5 kg of lime was added to this solution. The treatment of the site was carried out by the unit OPSh-15-01. During the growing season, one inter-row treatment was performed.

 PRI me R 2, After harvesting winter wheat, the plot was plowed, cultivated. In the spring (April 15), after weed emergence, corn was sown with the SUP-8 seeder. 6 days after sowing, the herbicide roundup was applied at the rate of 3 kg / ha per 500 l of water. Lime was added to the mixture in an amount of 6 kg / ha. The composition was thoroughly mixed. The cultivation is single. These results are summarized in table.

The table shows that when processing the plot 3 days after sowing, the number of weeds per 1 m ² is reduced by 31 pcs. If you apply a herbicide with lime 7 days after sowing weeds, it becomes even less. But at the same time, the corn seeds that are stuck are affected, due to which the crop yield is reduced.

 Reducing the cost of triple row-spacing and additional application of selective herbicides, we get an additional saving of 1000 rubles. per hectare. The method allows to increase the yield of row crops, completely destroy weeds, including humai, neutralize the reaction of the soil environment, improve aeration of the soil, significantly reduce the cost of cultivation.

Claims (1)

 METHOD FOR CONTROLING WEED VEGETABLES, including applying the herbicide after sowing row crops, seeding it to a depth less than the depth of seeding, characterized in that the soil is prepared for sowing in the fall, and in the spring, the continuous herbicide is mixed with lime 4-6 days after sowing.

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