RU2046504C1 - Combined rotor winding - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electromechanical engineering. SUBSTANCE: rotor has combined double-layer winding with pole pairs p₁/p₂. Winding is placed in 48 slots. Short-circuited winding is for p₁ and three-phase for p₂. Three-phase winding leads are star- or delta-connected. Winding leads P1, P2, P3 are connected to slip rings. p₂=1, p₁ may be of 3, 5, 7 value. Number of coils is 24. Coils numbered 1K, 2K, 3K, 4K-13K, 14K, 15K, 16K are interconnected in series and connected to lead P1 of first phase; slot pitch is y; coils numbered 1K′, 2K′, 3K′, 4K′, -13K′, -14K′, -15K′, -16K′ are cumulatively connected in parallel with each respective coil out of them; slot pitch is y′.. Coils of phase P2 alternate relative to phase P1 with interval of eight coils and those of phase P3, sixteen coils. EFFECT: improved design. 7 cl, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to windings of electric combined AC machines with two different-pole fields in the magnetic circuit, performed in the design of asynchronous machines with a phase rotor.

Known combined windings of electrical machines made of spatially offset coils and connected in parallel branches for one pole p ₁ with leads from their midpoints for another pole p ₂ . The angle between the axes of the branch coils is 2π / (p ₁ + p ₂ ) radians, and their number of turns is proportional to the angle of shift relative to the axis of the branch [1]
The disadvantages of such windings are the complexity of design and manufacture, large losses in copper from equalizing currents in the branches, as well as a limited scope.

Combined windings of the rotor of single-machine frequency converters with slip rings are also known [2]
Closest to the proposed one is a combined winding of the rotor with the number of pairs of poles p ₁ / p ₂ , short-circuited multiphase for poles p ₁ and three-phase for poles p ₂ with phase connection by a star and with terminals of phase clamps P1, P2, P3 on contact rings, made of two-layer of 6p ₂ coil groups, and in each phase, the beginnings of the odd groups are connected to the clamp of the beginning of the phase, the ends of the odd and even groups are connected together, and the beginnings of the even groups are connected to the star’s zero point, where p ₁ 1 and p ₂ ≥ 3 [3]
The purpose of the invention is the expansion of the scope by obtaining at p 2 1 the values of p ₁ 3, p ₁ 5 or p ₁ 7, as well as improving the electromagnetic parameters for the pole p ₁ by reducing differential scattering.

In FIG. 1 shows a detailed diagram of the proposed winding with p ₁ / p ₂ 5/1 and z 48 grooves; in FIG. 2 and 3 show the alternations in the grooves of the phase zones of the winding of FIG. 1 for the poles p2 1 (Fig. 2) and p ₁ 5 (Fig. 3); in FIG. 4 and 5 of the EMF diagram of the phase P1-0 of the winding for the poles p ₂ 1 (Fig. 4) and p ₁ 5 (Fig. 5); in FIG. 6 and 7 polygons of the MDS winding for the poles p ₂ 1 (Fig. 6) and p ₁ 5 (Fig. 7).

The winding (Fig. 1) is made of a two-layer three-phase for the pole p ₂ 1 in z 48 grooves, contains K 24 coils with numbers from 1K to 24K in increments of grooves y _p and K '24 coils with numbers from 1K' to 24K 'in increments along the grooves y _p '<y _p , connected to the star with the clamps P1, P2, P3 of the phases. In the first phase (with clamp P1 from the beginning of the 1K coil), coils with numbers 1K, 2K, 3K, 4K, -13K, -14K, -15K, -16K are connected in series and each coil is connected in parallel according to the number 1K, respectively ', 2K', 3K ', 4K', -13K ', -14K', -15K ', -16K'. For phases P2 and P3, coil numbers alternate at intervals of eight for phase P2 and sixteen for phase P3 coils. For winding with p1 5 (Fig. 1), the steps of the coils are y _p 23 and y _p '13, for winding with p ₁ 3 y _p 21 and y _p ' 11, for winding at p ₁ 7 y _p 23 and y _p ' 17. The axes of such coils with yп and y _п 'are aligned with each other for identical numbers of coils, and their shortening coefficients К _y sin (π y _п / 2 τ) are given in the table.

From the condition of obtaining the same EMF coils with steps y _p and y _p 'for the pole p ₂ 1 it follows (for example, at p ₁ 5) 0.9979 (1-x) 0.7518 (1 + x), whence x 0.14 . Moreover, each time it contains the same number of turns 2w _to wires of the same cross section. From FIG. 4 and 5, where the numbers of the coils are assigned to the EMF vectors, it can be seen that for the pole p ₂ 1 the coils, for example, 1K and 1K 'form two parallel branches (Fig. 4), and for p ₁ 5 a short-circuited circuit (Fig. 5). In a similar way, the values of x are determined for p ₁ 3 and p ₁ 7, the winding coefficients for the poles p ₂ 1 and p ₁ 3, 5, 7 are shown in the table.

R $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{i}}$ R_i ² квадрат среднего радиуса пазовых точек многоугольника; R (z˙К_об/р˙π) радиус окружности для основной гармонической МДС. По фиг. 6 для р₂ 1 обмотки фиг. 1 определяются R² _д1 163,79745, R₁ (48˙0,8213/˙) и σ_д1 4,02%
Для полюсности р₁ 5 обмотка (фиг. 1) имеет m₅ 12 фаз и m₅' 24 фазные зоны и токи в них изображены на фиг. 7 четырьмя симметричными системами векторов: A-Z-B-X-C-Y, A'-Z'-B'-X'-C'-Y', A''-Z''-B''-X''-C''-Y'', A'''-Z'''-B'''-X'''-C'''-Y''', взаимно смещенными на 15^о. Многоугольник МДС (фиг. 7) построен с помощью вспомогательных треугольников (например, abc), стороны которых изображают токи фазных зон (для треугольника abc сторона ab в направлении тока зоны А, сторона bc в направлении тока зоны А''' см. фиг. 3 для паза 1) и пропорциональны (1-x)w_к и (1+x)w_к. По фиг. 7 угол aОc равен 37,5^о и угол abc равен 135^о, из треугольника aОc (0 центр многоугольника) по радиусам точек a(48) и с(1) вычисляется квадрат среднего радиуса (R_a ² + R_c ²)/2, (ac)² 1,14² + 0,86² 2x x1,14 ˙ 0,86 ˙ cos 135, тогда угол (cab) α из соотношения ac/sin 135^о 1,14/sin α равен α= 25,82^о, а угол (Oac) β 90^o 25,82^o 64,18^о и угол (Oca) γ 180^o (37,5 + 64,18)= 78,32^o. Радиусы точек a и с определяются из соотношений R_a/sin γ ac/sin 37,5^oR_c/sin β, тогда R² _д5 (R_a ² + R_c ²)/2 (ac)²x x(sin² β + sin² γ)/2sin² 37,5^o 8,177694 и σ_д5 [(R_д5/R₅)²-1] ˙100 3,830% где R₅ (48˙0,9184/5 π). Если двухслойную обмотку с полюсностью р₁ 5 выполнять в z 48 пазах трехфазной (при y_п 4), то для нее К_об5 0,9231 и σ_д5 5,27%
Таким образом, предлагаемая обмотка работает одновременно как многофазная короткозамкнутая с полюсностью р₁ 5 (или р₁ 3 или р1 7) и как трехфазная с полюсностью р₂ 1, имеет улучшенные электромагнитные параметры для полюсности р₁ (при р₁ 5 коэффициент σ_д уменьшается в 5,27/3,83 1,38 раза). По сравнению с обмоткой по прототипу, для которой р₂ > р₁, предлагаемая обмотка позволяет получать р₂ < р₁, что расширяет область ее применения. Такая совмещенная обмотка, например, при р₁/р₂ 5/1 применяется на роторе асинхронного одномашинного преобразователя частоты 50/60 Гц или 60/50 Гц (обратимого), выполняемого в конструкции асинхронной машины с фазным ротором и имеющего две раздельные трехфазные обмотки на статоре с р₁ 5 и р₂ 1. Ее применение позволяет упростить конструкцию и изготовление совмещенной электрической машины, повысить использование активных материалов и эксплуатационную надежность, улучшить энергетические показатели.For the polarization p ₂ 1, the winding (Fig. 1) has m ₁ 3 phases and m ₁ '6 phase zones indicated in FIG. 2 as AX, B-Y, CZ, where zones A, B, C correspond to the initial sides of the coils, and X, Y, Z to their final sides. In FIG. 2, the MDS polygon is constructed (using an auxiliary triangular grid, the side of which is taken as two units of length), which determines the differential scattering coefficient σ _d [(R _d / R) ² -1] 100% characterizing the quality of the winding according to the content in the MDS curve of higher harmonic, where R _d ²

R $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{i}}$ R _i ^{2 the} square of the average radius of the groove points of the polygon; R (z˙К _rev / p˙π) is the radius of the circle for the main harmonic MDS. In FIG. 6 for p ₂ 1 of the winding of FIG. 1 defines R ² 163.79745 _d1, R ₁ (48˙0,8213 / ˙) and σ _g1 4.02%
For the polarization p ₁ 5, the winding (Fig. 1) has m ₅ 12 phases and m ₅ '24 phase zones and the currents in them are shown in FIG. 7 by four symmetric vector systems: AZBXCY, A'-Z'-B'-X'-C'-Y ', A''-Z''-B''-X''-C''-Y'', a '''-Z''' - B '''-X''' - C '''-Y''', are mutually offset by ¹⁵ °. The MDS polygon (Fig. 7) is constructed using auxiliary triangles (for example, abc), the sides of which depict phase zone currents (for the triangle abc, side ab is in the direction of the current of zone A, side bc is in the direction of the current of zone A '', see Fig. 3 for groove 1) and are proportional to (1-x) w _k and (1 + x) w _k . In FIG. 7, the angle aОc is 37.5 ^о and the angle abc is 135 ^о , from the triangle aОc (0 the center of the polygon), the square of the average radius (R _a ² + R _c ² ) / 2 is calculated from the radii of points a (48) and с (1) , (ac) ² 1.14 ² + 0.86 ² 2x x1.14 ˙ 0.86 ˙ cos 135, then the angle (cab) α from the ratio ac / sin 135 ^about 1.14 / sin α is α = 25, ^about 82, and the angle (Oac) β ^o 90 25.82 64.18 ^{o o} and the angle (Oca) γ 180 ^{o (37,5 + 64,18) = 78,32} o. The radii of the points a and c are determined from the relations R _a / sin γ ac / sin 37.5 ^o R _c / sin β, then R ² _d5 (R _a ² + R _c ² ) / 2 (ac) ² xx (sin ² β + sin ² γ) / 2sin ² 37.5 ^o 8.177694 and σ _d5 [(R _d5 / R ₅ ) ² -1] ˙100 3.830% where R ₅ (48˙0.9184 / 5 π). If a two-layer winding with a pole of p ₁ 5 is performed in z 48 grooves of a three-phase (with y _p 4), then for it K _{ob5 0.9231} and σ _d5 5.27%
Thus, the proposed winding operates simultaneously as a multiphase short-circuited with a pole of p ₁ 5 (or p ₁ 3 or p1 7) and as a three-phase with a pole of p ₂ 1, has improved electromagnetic parameters for a pole of p ₁ (when p ₁ 5 the coefficient σ _d decreases 5.27 / 3.83 1.38 times). Compared with the winding of the prototype, for which p ₂ > p ₁ , the proposed winding allows you to get p ₂ <p ₁ , which expands the scope of its application. Such a combined winding, for example, at p ₁ / p ₂ 5/1, is used on the rotor of an asynchronous single-machine frequency converter 50/60 Hz or 60/50 Hz (reversible), performed in the design of an asynchronous machine with a phase rotor and having two separate three-phase windings a stator with p ₁ 5 and p ₂ 1. Its application allows to simplify the design and manufacture of a combined electric machine, increase the use of active materials and operational reliability, improve energy performance.

Claims (1)

COMBINED ROTOR WINDING with the number of pole pairs p ₁ / p ₂ , two-layer with the number of grooves Z 48, for p ₁ multi-phase short-circuited, for p ₂ - three-phase with phase connection by a star or a triangle and with terminals P1, P2, P3 to the contact rings, containing uniformly displaced coils, characterized in that the winding has p ₁ > p ₂ at p ₂ 1 and p ₁ 3 or 7, the number of coils K 24 with numbers from 1K to 24K and in increments of grooves Y _p , and in the first phase coils with numbers 1K, 2K, 3K, 4K, -13K, -14K, -15K, -16K are connected in series with the output P1 from the beginning of the 1K coil and connected to each of them in parallel, according to the coil with the numbers 1K, 2K, 4K, 13K, 14K, 15K, 16K, and for the other two phases, the numbers of the coils alternate with respect to phase P1 at eight coil intervals for phase P2 and sixteen coils for phase P3, and alternating coils with steps y _p and

are coaxial for their identical numbers and have the number of turns in the ratio 1 x 1 + x, where the minus sign in front of the coil number means its counter inclusion in phase, the values of y _p ,

and x are equal: for p ₁ 3 y _n 21,

and x 0.2 for p ₁ 5 y _p 23,

and X 0.14, for p ₁ 7 y 23,

and x 0.055.

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