RU191192U1 - Saw blade guide for osteotomy of tubular bones - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medical equipment and can be used to perform osteotomy of long tubular bones. The technical result is the ability to perform osteotomy of long tubular bones with an oscillatory saw and increase the reliability of fixing the device to the bone. This is achieved by the fact that the utility model is collapsible and consists of a handle, handle and an irregularly shaped body with a linear slot on three sides. On the casing there are two upper side symmetrically located semi-oval protrusions with through round holes, on the side surfaces of the casing there are two symmetrically located half cylinders, each of which is made in a semicircle with through round holes. Near the place of fixation of the body and the handle is a cylinder parallel to the body. On the fourth side of the case there is a linear slot that does not reach the level of the base of the cylinder, while the width of the linear slot corresponds to the thickness of the blade of the oscillator saw.

Description

The utility model relates to medical equipment and can be used to perform osteotomy of long tubular bones or as a metal insert for installation in a plastic frame of an individual resection unit for bone filing.

As a prototype for the closest technical essence, we have chosen the Integra Osteoguides tool (http://www.ilstraining.com/idrt/brochures/ns1006 recon catalog.pdf). This tool is used in reconstructive surgery as a guide for a saw blade to perform osteotomy of short tubular bones. The tool consists of a rectangular case (1) with an arched base, with a linear slot (2) made in the case from three sides. The tool also includes a handle (3) and a handle (4) located at an angle relative to the body, as well as two spikes (5) located on the base of the body relative to each other and separated by the above linear slot, and the spikes are located on the base of the body, remote from the handle with the handle. The tool is intended for micropila.

FIG. 1 - FIG. 2 schematically illustrates the above-described Integra Osteoguides instrument, where:

1 - case;

2 - linear slot;

3 - pen;

4 - handle;

5 - spikes.

The device selected as a prototype works as follows: holding this tool by the handle, install it in a pre-calculated section of a short tubular bone, fixing the tool to it using spikes. Through a linear slot located in this instrument, an osteotomy is performed with a micro saw. Then this tool is removed.

The disadvantages of the prototype are:

1. The inability to perform an osteotomy using a blade for oscillatory saws designed for osteotomy of long tubular bones.

2. Unreliable fixation of the instrument to the bone with spikes, as well as its arched shape, is a risk of displacement of the instrument during the execution of sawdust of short tubular bones.

The technical result achieved using the claimed utility model:

1. The ability to perform osteotomy of long tubular bones with an oscillatory saw.

2. Improving the reliability of fixing the guide-limiter of the saw blade to the bone by eliminating its displacement during the execution of sawdust of long tubular bones.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the saw blade guide for performing osteotomy of tubular bones is collapsible and consists of 3 elements: an irregularly shaped body with a linear slot in it from three sides, as well as a handle and handle located at an angle relative to the body . Two upper-sided symmetrically located semi-oval protrusions with through circular holes in each of them are made on the body, and two symmetrically located half-cylinders are made on the side surfaces of the body, each of which is made in a semicircle with a through round hole in each of them. Near the place of fixation of the body and the handle is made a cylinder parallel to the body. On the fourth side of the casing, near the junction of the casing with the handle, a linear slot is made that does not reach the level of the base of the cylinder, while the width of the linear slot corresponds to the thickness of the oscillating saw blade.

Distinctive essential features and a causal relationship between them and the achieved result:

Two upper-side symmetrically located semi-oval protrusions with through circular holes in each of them are made on the saw blade guide body, through which hold fixing pins, reliably fixing the tool to the bone, thereby eliminating the likelihood of this tool moving during the sawdust.

Two symmetrically located half-cylinders are made on the side surfaces of the case to exclude the displacement of the saw blade guide when it is installed in the plastic frame of an individual resection block when performing bone sawdust.

Each symmetrically located semicylinder is made in a semicircle with a through hole in each of them; through these holes it is possible to thread any thin instrument or screw, thereby adding another lever for delicate removal of the instrument from the plastic frame of an individual resection block.

Near the place of fixation of the body and handle, a cylinder is made parallel to the body, which eliminates the displacement of the tool in the plastic frame of the individual resection unit when performing bone sawdust.

The utility model is made collapsible, thereby allowing the handle and the handle to be removed during installation of the utility model under the condition of a narrow operating field, with proper fixing of the utility model installed in the plastic frame of the individual resection block to the bone.

The width of the linear slot corresponds to the thickness of the blade of the oscillatory saws for making sawdust of long tubular bones.

Additionally, on the fourth side of the casing, near the junction of the casing with the handle, a linear cut is made that does not reach the level of the base of the cylinder, for the full scope of the blade of the oscillatory saw and greater maneuverability when it is tilted to make a full sawdust of bone.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in FIG. 3-14, where:

1 - femoral rasp;

2 - femur;

3 - line osteotomy;

4 - handle;

5 - linear slot;

6 - two upper lateral symmetrically located semi-oval protrusions with a through circular hole in each of them;

7-pins;

8 - pen;

9 - the neck of the femur;

10 - leg No. 3 Stryker;

11 - osteotomy plane;

12 is the base plane of the selected leg;

13 - a linear slot made in the tool guide - limiter saw blades;

14 - a plastic frame;

15 is a linear slot made in a plastic frame;

16 - case of irregular shape;

17 - symmetrically located half cylinder No. 1 located on the side surface of the housing;

18 - symmetrically located half cylinder No. 2 located on the side surface of the housing;

19 - through hole No. 1, made in a plastic frame;

20 - through hole No. 2, made in a plastic frame;

21 - two upper lateral symmetrically located semi-oval protrusions with through round holes;

22 - through hole No. 3, made in a plastic frame;

23 - cylinder;

 24 - an additional linear slot made on the fourth side of the tool body of the guide-limiter of the saw blade;

25 - round holes made in the upper laterally symmetrically located semi-oval protrusions located on the tool body.

The proposed utility model can be used:

1. When performing osteotomy of long tubular bones as an auxiliary tool, for example, when hip replacement, at the stage of osteotomy of the femoral neck.

To determine the location of the level of the osteotomy of the femoral neck and the location of the saw blade guide during surgical treatment, the femoral rasp (1) of the planned size is placed along the femur (2). Landmarks on the rasp combine with the bone, taking into account the data of preoperative planning. The osteotomy line (3) is marked with an electrocoagulator (Fig. 3), after which, holding the handle (4), the guide-limiter of the saw blade is set so that the marked osteotomy line (3) coincides with the linear cut (5) of the utility model (Fig. 4) ) Through two upper lateral symmetrically located semi-oval protrusions with through round holes in each of them (6) (Fig. 4) located on the body of the guide-limiter of the saw blade, pins (7) are drawn, thereby fixing the tool to the bone (Fig. 5) . An osteotomy of the femoral neck is performed through a linear slot (5) by the blade of an oscillatory saw. After that, the pins, the saw blade guide and the femoral head are removed (Fig. 6).

2. When performing osteotomy of long tubular bones as a metal insert for installation in the plastic frame of an individual resection unit for bone filing, for example, during hip joint arthroplasty, at the stage of osteotomy of the femoral neck.

Based on the data of computed tomography of the hip joint, 3D modeling is performed for the patient. At the stage of planning the osteotomy of the femoral neck (9), the level of osteotomy is determined based on the obtained size and location of the prosthesis leg, for example, Stryker leg No. 3 (10), the osteotomy plane (11) corresponds to the horizontal plane of the selected leg (12) (Fig. 7, 8). The saw blade guide is virtually set in such a way that the osteotomy plane (11) coincides with the linear cut (13) of the utility model (Fig. 9).

After that, they plan and manufacture on a 3D printer a plastic frame (14) for installing the saw blade guide, in which the following are made: a linear slot (15) corresponding to the size and shape of the irregularly shaped body (16) and two symmetrically located half cylinders (17, 18) located on side surfaces of this housing; two symmetrically located through holes (19, 20) corresponding to two upper-side symmetrically located semi-oval protrusions with through round holes (21) made in the utility model; and also one through hole (22) corresponding to the cylinder (23), made near the place of fixation of the housing (16) and the handle (8) (Fig. 10, 11). In this case, the inner surface of the plastic frame is a copy of the outer surface of the bone.

Hip arthroplasty is performed, at the stage of osteotomy of the femoral neck, a plastic frame (14) is put on the femoral neck (Fig. 12). A saw blade guide is installed in a linear slot made in a plastic frame (15), pins are installed through two symmetrically located through holes (19, 20) in the plastic frame and two through circular holes (21) in the utility model for fixing the plastic frame and the guide saw blades in it (Fig. 12, 13). Then holding the handle (4) of the saw blade guide, through the linear slot of the utility model (13), the osteotomy of the femoral neck is performed with the blade of the oscillatory saw. Due to the additional from the fourth side of the case, a linear slot (24), made near the junction of the case (16) with the handle (8), not reaching the level of the base of the cylinder (23), they make a full swing with the blade of the oscillator saw and perform a full sawdust, excluding the subsequent bone doping. After that, the resected femoral head, the plastic frame, pins and the guide of the saw blade are removed while helping with a minor sharp tool, such as a needle holder, prying off the round openings of the semicircle (25), made over the symmetrically located half-cylinders (22) located on the side surfaces of the case (16) utility model (Fig. 14).

The claimed utility model has been successfully tested in 26 patients, of which in 7 patients - with hip replacement, at the stage of osteotomy of the femoral neck; in 4 patients - with osteotomy of the tibia; in 3 patients - with corrective osteotomy of the femur and in 12 patients - with endoprosthetics of the knee joint, at the stage of performing sawdust of the femur.

The inventive utility model allows you to perform osteotomy of long tubular bones with an oscillator saw, and also increases the reliability of fixing the guide-limiter of the saw blade to the bone by eliminating its displacement during the filing of long tubular bones.

Claims (1)

Saw blade guide for performing osteotomy of tubular bones, consisting of an irregularly shaped body with a linear cut in it on three sides, as well as handles and handles located at an angle relative to the body, characterized in that the saw blade guide for performing osteotomy of tubular bones collapsible, consisting of 3 elements: an irregularly shaped body, as well as handles and handles, in addition to the saw blade guide body, two upper-side symmetrically located half There are two symmetrically arranged half-cylinders, each half of which has round through holes in each of them, as well as on the side surfaces of the body, each of which is made in a semicircle with a through round hole in each of them, a cylinder located next to the fixation point of the body and handle parallel to the housing, additionally on the fourth side of the housing, near the junction of the housing with the handle a linear slot is made, not reaching the level of the base of the cylinder, while the width of the linear slot Corresponds to the thickness of the blade of the oscillator saw.

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