RU1815349C - Muffler-spark arrester - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: A silencer-spark arrester comprises a housing with coaxial inlet and outlet nozzles and at least one divider 5 and one partition with a central opening, alternately projected in cross-section, overlapping the housing, arranged inside the housing. Partitions are made in the shape of a truncated cone, and dividers in the shape of a cone. Partitions and dividers are located along the axis of the housing both uniformly and with variable pitch. These elements can be made with different angles of taper, can have perforation holes. The housing can be made with a cross section in the form of polygons. 8 s.p., f-ly, 9 ill.

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular engine manufacturing, in particular to silencers of m-spark arrester m, mainly an internal combustion engine.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of noise reduction and spark suppression.

In FIG. 1 presents the proposed muffler-spark arrestor, General view; in FIG. 2 - silencer-spark arrester with a uniform arrangement along the body of partitions and dividers (with a gas flow diagram), longitudinal section; in FIG. 3 - the same, with a variable arrangement along the body of partitions and dividers; in FIG. 4 - the same, with different taper angles of partitions and dividers; in FIG. 5 - silencer-spark arrester (Fig. 3) with a cylindrical design of the silencer-spark arrester body, one of the partitions is shown, cross section AA; in FIG. 6 - the same, with a cylindrical design of the silencer-spark arrester, one of the dividers is shown; in FIG. 7 a partition with perforation holes made in the shape of a truncated pyramid; in FIG. 8 - a divider with perforation holes made in the shape of a pyramid; in FIG. 9 is a diagram of the movement of gases in a silencer-spark arrester with perforated partitions and dividers;

On the diagrams and in the text of the description, the notation is accepted:

a - the angle of inclination of the forming partitions to the longitudinal axis of the housing,

p is the angle of inclination of the generatrix of the divider to the longitudinal axis of the housing.

The silencer-spark arrester comprises a housing 1 to which an inlet pipe 2 is fixed on one side and an exhaust pipe 3 is fixed on the inside. Transverse partitions 4 are installed inside the housing 1. When the housing 1 is cylindrical, the partitions 4 are made in the form of a surface of a truncated cone, a large base which fits the housing 1 from the inside. When the housing 1 is executed with a cross-section in the form of a polygon, the partitions 4 are made in the form of gZoko &

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the surface of the truncated pyramid with a large base, fitting the walls of the housing 1 from the inside without a gap. The top of the baffles 4 is directed towards the inlet pipe 2, and the smaller base of the baffles 4 is an opening. The dividers 5 are located between the partitions 4. When the casing 1 is cylindrical, the dividers 5 are made in the form of cones and mounted on the holders 6 to form an annular gap, i.e., the diameter of the base of the cone of the dividers 5 is less than the diameter of the larger base of the partition 4 (or the inner diameter of the housing 1) . At the same time, the diameter of the base of the cone of the divider 5 is larger than the diameter of the smaller base of the partition 4. When the case 1 is made with a cross section in the form of a polygon, the dividers 5 are made in the form of a side surface of the pyramid with a base smaller than the base of the truncated pyramid of the partition 4. At the same time, the base of the divider 5 is larger than the smaller base of the septum 4.

Thus, the projections of the divider 5 and the partition 4 in cross section overlap the housing 1. It is advisable that the number of ribs of the bases of the partition 4 and the divider 5 is equal to the number of ribs of the cross-section of the housing 1, and the bases of these elements obey the geometric proportion. The taper angle of the partitions 4 is greater than the taper angle of the dividers 5, however, with a simplified design of a silencer-spark suppressor, these angles can be equal to each other, i.e. .

Partitions 4 and dividers 5 are arranged alternately with each other along the body 1 of the silencer spark arrester both uniformly and unevenly. In the latter case, the spacing of the partitions 4 and the dividers 5 along the housing 1 is increased towards the outlet of the silencer-spark arrestor.

Dividers 5 can be perforated. Perforations in individual cases can also be made on partitions 4.

Silencer spark arrester operates as follows.

The gas flow with a pressure front through the inlet pipe 2 enters the cavity of the housing 1, impacts on the divider 5 closest to the inlet, cuts last and flows in the form of jets to the peripheral part of the housing 1. In this case, the gases expand. Hitting the partition 4, which follows the first divider, the gases change sharply

their direction and are guided by a partition 4 to the center of the silencer-spark suppressor. At the center of the silencer-spark suppressor, the oncoming gas flows collide with each other, lose some of their energy. After impact, the gases rush through the opening of the base of the baffle 4 towards the next divider 5, where they are again cut last and discarded to the periphery.

0 The gases expand again, and the gases sharply change their direction when they meet the next partition 4.

The described processes of sequential expansion of gases and collisions of their flows 5 are repeated until the gases reach the outlet pipe 3 through which they are released into the atmosphere.

The expansion of the gases of the increased pressure front is also facilitated by the location of the partitions 4 and the dividers 5 with a variable frequency along the housing 1, namely, by increasing the step of the arrangement of the partitions and dividers towards the outlet pipe 3. Inequality of angles

5, the taper of the partitions and dividers 5 also allows the effect of gas expansion to be achieved, since the space between adjacent partitions and dividers in the case is a diffuser.

When the partitions 4 and the dividers 5 are perforated, an insignificant part of the gases permeates, moreover, it penetrates through the perforation holes and collides with the main flow; which further reduces the energy of the moving stream.

Similar processes occur in the embodiment of the silencer of the spark arrester with the cross section of the body in the form of a polygon. However, the direction of gas flows in this case is somewhat complicated due to the presence of edges and faces of the pyramid-shaped dividers 5 and partitions 4 of the corresponding shape. At the same time, gas

5 is dissected by said ribs and partial collisions of gas flows are observed on the surface of the faces.

The proposed silencer-spark suppressor allows efficient suppression of sparks due to the collision of burning particles of sparks with the surfaces of partitions 4 and dividers 5 and due to a sharp change in the direction of gas flows.

Effective sound attenuation is achieved for 5 s due to periodically repeated processes of gas expansion, collision of the oncoming jets of the main stream and collision of the gas flowing through the perforation holes with the main stream. In the silencer-spark suppressor, the elements of the same type are used, which allows accelerating the introduction into production.

In addition to technical effects, a social effect is achieved in terms of reducing noise and, consequently, reducing its impact on humans.

Claims (9)

1. Silencer-spark arrester, comprising a housing with coaxial inlet and outlet nozzles and placed inside the housing alternately at least one divider installed with a gap relative to the inner surface of the housing, and at least one partition with a Central hole, and the exhaust pipe is connected to the housing by confuser, and the projection of the dividers and partitions in cross section overlap the casing, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of the process of noise suppression and spark arrester Sekatel and the partition are respectively formed in a cone shape and a truncated cone, oriented toward the tops of the inlet pipe and the inlet pipe is connected to the housing by means of the diffuser, the distributor is mounted in the cavity of the latter and its taper angle is made equal to the opening angle of the diffuser. 2. The silencer-spark suppressor according to p. 1-, about t- characterized in that the dividers and partitions are located along the axis of the housing with equal pitch. 3. A silencer-spark arrester according to claim 1. characterized in that the dividers and partitions are located along the axis of the housing with a tag increasing towards the outlet pipe. 4. Silencer-spark arrestor according to paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the casing is made in the form of a polygon, and the dividers and partitions are in the form of polygonal pyramids. 5.-p1 spark arrester according to claims 1-4, characterized in that the dividers and partitions are made with equal taper angles. 6. Silencer-spark suppressor according to paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that the dividers are made with a taper angle smaller than the taper angle of the partition. 7. Silencer-spark suppressor according to paragraphs. 1-6, characterized in that the dividers are perforated. 8. Silencer-spark arrestor according to paragraphs. 1-6, characterized in that the partitions are perforated. 9. Silencer-spark arrestor according to paragraphs. 1-6, characterized in that the dividers and partitions are perforated. FIG. 1 FIG. 2 ®ig, c Editor Fie. 9 Compiled by R. Nurullin, Tehred M. Morgenthal. Corrector; T.Vashkovich