RU184134U1 - SPEED BOAT ON GLISING SKI - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to shipbuilding and relates to the design of high-speed vessels with planing skis.

The purpose of the utility model is to reduce drag and dynamic overload on waves during the movement of a planing vessel at high speeds (more than 100 km / h for a vessel with a displacement of about 8.0 tons).

The technical result provided by the utility model is to increase the hydrodynamic quality of planing surfaces, provided by a combination of essential features characterizing the claimed utility model.

The speedboat for planing skis is equipped with two bow gliding skis mounted on a boat with transverse pitching, consisting of the bow and stern parts, pivotally interconnected, with the possibility of turning the stern part around the transverse axis, with the deviation of the bow of the ski relative to the stern by 10- 20 °.

The nose of the ski is rigidly connected to the uprights; the aft of the ski is connected to the body by means of shock absorbers.

Feed hulls are made in the hull. The width of the feed adjustments is due to the possibility of placing propulsive complexes in them.

The planing surfaces of skiing and skiing have a curvature directed upward by the bulge. The planing elements of the aft part of hydro-skiing and adjustments in the longitudinal direction have a curvature with a radius R equal to 5-8 lengths of the profiled section L, or deviated from the body by an angle of 2-8 °.

In the rear of the hull between the adjustments there is a transverse redan. Beyond the redan between the adjustments, the bottom is flat.

In the aft part between the adjustments, a hydrofoil is installed at a height slightly higher than the height of the waterline when moving at operating speed.

Also in the aft part, it is possible to install a wing having a pitching with a convex upward lower surface and with the organization of stall flow on the upper plane.

Gliding ski can be installed using devices that allow it to move in a vertical plane and controlled by pneumatic cylinders that operate on a signal from the automatic stabilization system for roll and trim.

Description

The utility model relates to ships, and more precisely, relates to a planing boat.

Most successfully, this boat can be used as a pleasure boat (with extreme elements), a service-traveling boat (as a patrol or interceptor, as well as for speedy delivery of special groups to emergency areas) or a water taxi on rivers, lakes and in the coastal waters of the seas.

Three vessels based on three points are known. These are the classic gliders according to the patent of the Apeli brothers, based on sponsons located on the nose, or the three-point according to the patent of TAE Lake, the magazine Boats and Yachts, No. 183, 1979, p. 102.

Donald Campbell’s famous Blue Bird racing glider is based on float-mounted floats and a bottom point in the aft.

Known planing scooter ships, mentioned, for example, in the book of L. Romanenko "Motor boats", publishing house "Shipbuilding", 1971

The hulls of famous vessels have a wide nasal tip with spaced-apart side-gliding sponsons or floats installed under it, together forming a U-shaped surface, colliding with waves with large overloads, which results in their low seaworthiness.

In addition, the U-shaped surface developed in the aerodynamic plan creates significant aerodynamic lifting force at high speeds, leading to the separation of the vessel from the water and a revolution through the stern.

Also at transient speeds and when overcoming high waves, sponsons, as structural elements with a large cross-sectional area, create great resistance to movement.

Known high-speed vessels equipped with hydro-skis, the use of which allows to reduce and eliminate the manifestation of these shortcomings.

The closest analogue of the claimed utility model is a high-speed planing vessel of increased seaworthiness, equipped with two bow hydro-skis, spaced along the sides, according to patent RU 89063, IPC B63B 1/20, published November 27, 2009, bulletin No. 33.

The disadvantages of the design of the specified vessel are:

1) suboptimal forms and angles of attack of planing skis and feed adjustments on the body, which are the cause of insufficient hydrodynamic quality;

2) insufficiency of gliding areas, leading at transitional speeds to a prolonged exit to gliding with high hydrodynamic resistance (hump of resistance);

3) high susceptibility of the stern of the hull to water shocks at transient speeds and when overcoming high waves, and as a result, reduced seaworthiness;

4) insufficient rigidity of the ski structure using a shock absorber, its structural complexity, and, as a consequence, low technology.

The purpose of the utility model is to eliminate these drawbacks, reduce drag and dynamic overload on waves during the movement of a planing vessel at high speeds (more than 100 km / h for a vessel with a displacement of about 8.0 tons).

The technical result provided by the utility model is to increase the hydrodynamic quality of planing surfaces.

The specified technical result is achieved in that in the hull of the vessel equipped with two bow gliding skis installed along the length of the ship so that the distance of the bow skis from the center of gravity of the ship ensures their loading by 40 ÷ 60% of the ship's displacement, feed adjustments are made, with the curvature of them gliding planes directed upward bulge. The planing planes of the skis also have a curvature directed upward by the bulge.

The width of the feed adjustments is due to the possibility of placing propulsive complexes in them. In the longitudinal section, the insertion is deviated from the body by an angle of 2–8 ° or has a curvature in the aft part directed upward by a bulge with a radius R equal to 5–8 lengths of the profiled section L.

Feed adjustments are structurally included in the hull and have a transverse pitching as the hull or slightly less.

In the rear of the hull between the adjustments there is a transverse redan. Beneath the edging, the bottom is flat in shape, which increases the hull distance from the water when moving in planing mode, which increases the seaworthiness of the boat.

Skis are mounted on a boat with transverse pitching, which ensures stability of movement along the course. The outer edge of the skis is folded down to increase the hydrodynamic quality.

Structurally, the planing ski consists of two parts: bow and stern. In the front part, the bow of the hydro-ski has a rigid connection with the strut, and in the back, it is articulated with the stern, with the possibility of turning the stern in a vertical plane around the transverse axis.

The swivel has a width equal to the width of the ski, which increases the rigidity and strength of the structure.

The deviation angle of the bow of the ski relative to its stern is 10-20 ° greater.

The gliding elements of the stern of the skis in the longitudinal direction have a curvature with a radius equal to 5-8 lengths of the profiled section or deviated from the body by an angle of 2-8 °.

Each gliding ski in the bow is connected to the hull by means of a rack having a streamlined shape.

In turn, the aft part of the ski is connected to the hull with the help of a shock absorber.

Gliding ski can be installed using devices that allow it to move in a vertical plane, and controlled by pneumatic cylinders, working on a signal from the automatic stabilization system for roll and trim.

In the aft part between the adjustments, in order to facilitate access to planing and reduce the hump of resistance, a hydrofoil is installed at a height slightly higher than the height of the waterline when moving at operating speed.

To increase the stability of the boat’s movement at high speeds and to prevent ricocheting on a rough surface in the aft part, it is possible to install a wing having a keeled surface with a convex upward lower surface and the organization of flow stall on the upper plane to prevent cavitation at high speeds.

The boat can be equipped with an automatic stabilization system for roll and trim.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings:

FIG. 1. Side view.

FIG. 2. Cross redan.

FIG. 3. View of the bottom.

FIG. 4. Cross section of the boat.

FIG. 5. A view of the nose.

FIG. 6. Ski design.

FIG. 7. Ski construction. Transverse section.

FIG. 8. Placement of wing devices.

Declared as a utility model, the boat contains a hull 1 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4), on which there are bow planing skis 2 (Fig. 1, 3), mounted on racks 5 (Fig. 6), and feed trim 3 which are part of the housing as shown in FIG. 1 and 3. The main engines with drives to the propulsors can be installed in the feed allotments.

The bow parts 6 (Fig. 6) of the ski 2 are rigidly connected to the posts 5 and to the body 1. The aft parts 7 (Fig. 6) of the skis 2 are attached to the bow using the hinges 8 (Fig. 6) and are fixed to the body through the shock absorbers 9 (Fig. 6).

The inventive high-speed vessel with planing skis is operated as follows.

In the static mode and in the low-speed mode, the presence of gliding skis does not affect the ship's running characteristics.

When moving between bow gliding skis, a rise of water is formed, increasing towards the stern, which ensures the movement of feed adjustments as if from the slope of the wave, i.e. favorable interference occurs when the width of the trim is close to the distance between the nasal skis.

When moving in the planing mode, the use of planing skis and adjustments with the planing planes having an upward convex curvature with a radius equal to 4-8 lengths of the profiled section helps to achieve their maximum hydrodynamic quality and the use of planing surfaces with optimal angles of attack, which reduces the wetted surface and reduces hydrodynamic resistance at high speeds.

The organization of profiling in the aft part of the ski reduces the hydrodynamic resistance due to the fact that the incoming flow approaches the planing surface with a small angle of attack, the reverse trickle is small and the resistance is small. The gliding surface is radially turned towards the stern down and forms an angle of attack at the aft edge of up to 10-15 °, which is determined by the radius of curvature of the profiled section. At the same time, the hydrodynamic quality increases in comparison with a flat planing plate, even if it has an optimum angle of attack for the adopted pitching.

The ski is carried out with a pitching α (Fig. 7), which is selected depending on the required seaworthiness. The outer edge of the ski deviates from the pitching towards the horizontal plane to reduce spray formation and increase hydrodynamic quality.

The composite design of the planing ski, with the articulation of its fore and aft parts, having a width equal to the width of the ski, leads to a significant reduction in overloads, since when meeting with the crests of the waves it allows you to smoothly change the angle of attack, and can significantly increase the rigidity and strength of the structure.

The deviation angle of the bow of the ski with respect to its stern is greater by 10-20 °, which contributes to the speedy launch of the boat on planing and eliminates the "diving" of the ski on a wave with a change in trim.

Installing nasal hydro-skis using racks helps to detach the boat hull from the water and reduce the impact force of the hull with the wave crests and to obtain some aerodynamic unloading when the boat moves at high speeds. When the vessel meets the highest waves, nasal hydro-skis cut through these waves without significant disturbances, and the streamlined cross-sectional shape of the struts ensures their minimum hydrodynamic resistance.

As a result of rigid fastening of the nose of the ski with the stand, the efforts from the transverse loads of the nose are not transmitted to the hinge. The swivel is only stressed from the stern of the ski. Longitudinal loads at operating speeds occur mainly in the stern and are received and transmitted to the hull through a shock absorber.

In order to reduce overload on the waves between the feed adjustments of the boat transverse redan 4 is made (Fig. 2).

In order to exclude pitching when driving on waves, a planing ski can be installed using devices that allow it to move in a vertical plane and controlled by pneumohydrocylinders 10 (Fig. 5), which are operated by a signal from the automatic stabilization system for roll and trim.

In order to reduce the hydrodynamic resistance of the boat at the planing exit mode, a hydrofoil 11 is installed between the redans in the stern of the boat (Fig. 8). The wing is installed in such a way that at the operating speed mode it is higher than the running waterline and not subject to cavitation.

To increase the stability of the motion of the boat on waves and to prevent ricocheting on the excited surface in the aft, a wing 12 (Fig. 8) can be installed, having a pitching, with a convex upward lower surface and with the organization of a stall flow on the upper plane to prevent cavitation at high speeds .

The proposed design of high-speed planing vessel provides:

1) the maximum hydrodynamic quality of planing planes through the use of optimal planing angles or longitudinal profiling and reduce hydrodynamic elongation by cutting the aft edge;

2) increasing the seaworthiness of the boat due to the organization of a longitudinal redan in the stern in the diametrical plane;

3) increasing the strength and rigidity in the design of the ski due to the rigid connection of its bow to the rack and body and the articulation of the aft of the ski with the bow across the entire width of the ski;

4) reduction of the hydrodynamic resistance of the boat in the planing exit mode due to the installation of one or two hydrofoils between the feed adjustments.

According to the results of the preliminary verification by the applicant, the set of essential features characterizing the essence of the claimed utility model is unknown from the prior art, which allows us to conclude that the utility model meets the criterion of “novelty”.

Claims (13)

1. A speeding boat on planing skis, comprising a hull and two bow gliding skis, characterized in that the planing surfaces of the harnesses and skis have a curvature directed upward, the harnesses are made in the hull in the stern with the propulsive complexes located in them. 2. A speeding boat on planing skis according to claim 1, characterized in that the planing ski is made integral with a swivel between the fore and aft parts close to the width of the ski with each other, with the possibility of turning the stern part around the transverse axis. 3. Speedboat for planing skis according to claim 1, characterized in that the bow of the ski is rigidly connected to the uprights, the stern of the ski is connected to the hull by means of shock absorbers. 4. A speeding boat on planing skis according to claim 1, characterized in that the planing ski is made with a keeled angular component and a cut of the nasal edges, taking into account its maximum approximation to the horizontal plane. 5. A speeding boat on planing skis according to claim 1, characterized in that the bow of the planing ski is set with an angle of attack greater than 10-20 ° relative to its stern. 6. A speeding boat on planing skis according to claim 1, characterized in that the curvature of the planing planes of the feed allotments and skis is made with a radius equal to 4-8 lengths of the section of curvature. 7. Speedboat on planing skis according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjustments and planing skis are installed with an angle of deviation from the hull in a longitudinal section of 2-8 °. 8. A speeding boat on planing skis according to claim 1, characterized in that the planing ski is installed using devices that allow it to move in the vertical plane and controlled by pneumatic cylinders that operate by a signal from the automatic stabilization system for roll and trim. 9. A speeding boat on planing skis according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjustments are made with transverse pitching, identical to or slightly less than the pitching of the hull. 10. The speedboat on planing skis according to claim 1, characterized in that in the aft part between the feed adjustments the hull is made without pitching, that is, a transverse edan is arranged to separate the hull from the water. 11. Speedboat for planing skis according to claim 1, characterized in that a hydrofoil is installed between the feed adjustments at a height above the running waterline. 12. Speedboat for planing skis according to claim 1, characterized in that a hydrofoil is installed between the feed adjustments at a height below the running waterline. 13. Speedboat on planing skis according to claim 12, characterized in that the hydrofoil is made with transverse pitching, with the convex upward bottom surface and the organization of stall flow on the upper plane.

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