RU175001U1 - SECURITY WAVE EXTINGUISHER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to hydraulic structures, and is intended to protect berthing structures from wave effects. The objective of the utility model is to increase economic efficiency while ensuring the protection of berthing facilities from wave effects. The problem is solved by creating a sub-quench wave extinguisher, consisting of a package of plates (panels) or pipes assembled in a three-dimensional structure, which is rigidly fixed to the berth plate and (or) supports (piles), and the quay quencher is located in the upper part of the quay zone at a certain distance from the vertical retaining wall of the berth. The use of the utility model will reduce the material consumption and cost of the structure while maintaining high wave-extinguishing efficiency.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to hydraulic structures, and is intended to protect berthing structures from wave effects.

Known wave-extinguishing structure for moorings, which is a slope from the dump, the surface of which is reinforced with stone or artificial blocks (Nikerov P.S., Yakovlev P.I. Sea ports: Textbook for high schools - M .: Transport, 1987. - 416 p. .). When waves are on the slope, waves collapse, as a result of which their energy is extinguished.

The disadvantages of such a structure are its large transverse dimensions, which means greater material consumption, especially at great depths, and significant shock wave effects in the zone where the flyover and the slope are connected, as a result of which the upper structure is damaged.

Known wave-extinguishing structure for berths (RF Patent No. 21119004, class ЕВВ 3 \ 06, 09/20/1998 g), which is divided along the front into sections and rests on the pile-shell of the pile base. The structure has a sub-slope, in the upper part of which there is a wave energy suppression chamber with a front wall in the form of a triangular prism from a sketch of curly blocks, for example, hexabits, and with a rear guard in the form of a vertical retaining wall. The front wall of the wave chamber can also be in the form of a relatively thin permeable reinforced concrete slab with a through coefficient of 0.2 ÷ 0.3 (RD 31.31.43-86 Guidelines for the design of the under-prism slope and rear conjugation of embankments-overpasses subject to intense waves).

The disadvantage of the underwater facilities with a wave chamber is its high cost and structural complexity.

Known wave-extinguishing structure for berths (RF Patent No. 79297, class ЕВВ 3 \ 06, 12/27/2008), which is a sub-prism slope with a wave-suppression chamber in the rear part, filled with stone or shaped blocks with a sufficiently high hydraulic permeability. On top of the chamber is blocked by a monolithic reinforced concrete slab having internal perforation to absorb shock wave loads. The perforations are connected through internal channels, which in turn are combined by front and rear exhaust valves to reduce compression pressure on the plate.

The disadvantages of this structure are the high cost and structural complexity.

The objective of the utility model is to increase economic efficiency while ensuring the protection of berthing facilities from wave effects.

The problem is solved by eliminating the sub-prism slope and using a volumetric structure with longitudinal channels formed by plates (panels) with longitudinal partitions or pipes, which is rigidly installed in the upper part of the sub-prig zone.

The applicant does not know the sources of information containing technical solutions, which include signs of the distinctive part of the formula.

The technical result of this utility model is that the use of plates (panels) or pipes assembled in a three-dimensional structure, allows you to effectively protect the berthing facilities from wave effects.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a sub-quench wave extinguisher (side view) and the positions indicated:

1 - subprigital wave suppressor in the form of a package of plates (panels) or pipes;

2 - plates (panels) or pipes;

3 - longitudinal channels;

4 - average water level;

5 - wave approaching the pier;

6 - mooring plate;

7 - supports (piles);

8 - bottom of the reservoir;

9 - vertical retaining wall;

10 - rear exhaust valve.

The under-quench wave extinguisher 1 (Fig. 1) consists of plates (panels) 2, exposed using racks and partitions at a certain distance from each other, forming channels or slots 3. The under-quench wave extinguisher can also consist of a packet of pipes oriented perpendicular to the quay front. The upper part of the under-quench wave extinguisher is located above the average water level 4. The under-quench extinguisher interacts with suitable waves 5. The berthing plate 6 rests on supports (piles) 7 immersed in the base of the reservoir 8. The rear part of the berth is enclosed by a vertical retaining wall 9. Between the vertical wall 9 and the mooring plate 6 is the rear exhaust valve 10, which is designed to reduce compression pressure in the rear zone.

(см. фиг. 1). Подходящие волны 5 после взаимодействия с волногасителем частично гасятся и уже ослабленные воздействуют на защищаемые объекты: причальную плиту 6 и вертикальную подпорную стену 9.Subscriber waveguard works as follows. Install it in the upper part of the sub-quay zone, under the quay plate 6. The quay wave quencher 1 is rigidly attached to the quay plate 6 and / or to the supports 7. The front edge of the quencher is located in close proximity to the quay front, and the rear front is some distance from the vertical retaining wall distance

(see Fig. 1). Suitable waves 5 after interaction with the wave extinguisher are partially extinguished and already weakened act on the protected objects: mooring plate 6 and vertical retaining wall 9.

To evaluate the wave-extinguishing efficiency of the sub-quench wave extinguisher, experiments in the wave tray were performed. The interaction of waves with a mooring pier was modeled. The main parameters were adopted as follows:

- the water depth at the structure d = 12.6 m;

- mark the top of the mooring plate relative to the average level Δz _B = + 3 m;

- mark the bottom of the mooring plate relative to the average level Δz _H = + 1.5 m;

- the height of the suitable waves H = 3 m;

- period of waves T = 10.5 s;

- the width of the rear exhaust valve b _to = 0.4 m

The geometric scale of the model was taken equal to α = 1: 40.

The corresponding parameters in the experiments were as follows: d _m = 31.5 cm; Δz _vm = 7.5 cm; Δz _nm = 3.75 cm; N _m = 7.5 cm; T _m = 1.66 s; b _km = 1 cm, where the index "m" means the values on the physical model.

The results of the experiments are presented in FIG. 2-4.

In FIG. 2 illustrates experiment No. 1 with a sub-slope with a slope of 1: 2.5.

It was found that the height of the water splash at a given wave through the rear valve was 5 cm (2 m). In parentheses here and below are the values in terms of natural conditions.

To reduce the wave action in the rear zone, a wave chamber with a permeable front wall can be constructed.

The result of experiment No. 2 with a wave chamber with a width of 15 cm (6 m) with a front wall throughput n = 0.2 is illustrated in FIG. 3.

It was found that the burst height was 1 cm (0.4 m). In experiments No. 1 and No. 2, the width (in the direction of the waves) of the upper mooring plate resting on piles was 60 cm (24 m).

In FIG. 4 illustrates a splash of water at the front of the pier and through the rear valve in experiment No. 3.

In this experiment, there were no sub-wave extinguishing structures, i.e. the under-slope and wave chamber were removed, in addition, the width (in the direction of the waves) of the upper mooring plate was reduced to 31.5 cm (12.6 m). The wave parameters in experiment No. 3 were the same as in experiments No. 1 and No. 2.

It was found that, without subsurface wave-suppressing structures, water splashes at the berth front amounted to 15 cm (6 m), and through the rear valve about 50 cm (20 m).

To assess the effectiveness of the developed sub-quench wave extinguisher, experiment No. 4 was performed.

(1 м). Параметры волн были теми же, что и в опытах №1-№3, т.е. Н_м=7,5 см (3 м); Т_м=1,66 с (10,5 с).In this experiment, in contrast to experiment No. 3, under the prismatic plate with a width of 31.5 cm (12.6 m), the proposed prismatic wave extinguisher from the plate package was rigidly fixed. The width of the waveguide was 30 cm (12 m). The height of the waveguide was equal to h _in = 12.8 cm (5.12 m), the height of the longitudinal channel Δ h = 1.5 cm (0.6 m). The distance from the trailing edge of the waveguide to the vertical retaining wall was

(1m). The wave parameters were the same as in experiments No. 1-No. 3, i.e. N _m = 7.5 cm (3 m); T _m = 1.66 s (10.5 s).

The result of experiment No. 4 is illustrated in FIG. 5. It was found that the proposed sub-quench waveguard is very effective. The surge height through the rear valve was only 1 ÷ 1.5 cm (0.4 ÷ 0.6 m). Similar results were obtained in experiments with a sub-primary wave extinguisher from a tube package.

Thus, the proposed utility model of the sub-quay wave quencher has a high quenching efficiency, eliminates the need for the construction of a quay slope, a wave chamber and can be widely used to protect berths from waves in ports or on open coasts.

.It is recommended that the width of the under-prismatic wave attenuator (in the direction of wave propagation) be equal to I = 0.1 ÷ 0.2 λ (λ is the wavelength), the height of the longitudinal channel or the diameter of the pipes is Δh = 0.2 ÷ 0.25 N (N is the height waves) volnogasitelya height - h _in = 1,5 ÷ 2 H, volnogasitelya top mark relative to the average level - Δz = 0,4 ÷ 0,5 N. Distance from rear to front volnogasitelya vertical retaining wall is recommended to be taken as

.

Claims (2)

1. The under-quench wave attenuator, including through internal channels and the rear exhaust valve, characterized in that it consists of a package of plates / panels or tubes assembled in a three-dimensional structure installed in the upper part of the under-quay zone and rigidly fixed to the berth plate and / or supports / piles. 2. The under-quench waveguard according to claim 1, characterized in that it is located at a certain distance from the vertical retaining wall of the berth.

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