RU165119U1 - TRANSPARENT HETEROGENEITY DETECTION DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for detecting transparent inhomogeneities, comprising a sequentially mounted emitter, a telescopic system consisting of two lenses, a first pentaprism, a first and second portholes, a second pentaprism, a receiving lens, in the focal plane of which a knife and radiation receiver are installed, characterized in that the device is equipped with means providing the ability to smoothly control the distance between the lenses of the telescopic system. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the said means of regulation are made in the form of tubes screwed into one another, with dimensions that enable them to be mounted with telescopic system lenses and the required adjustment range. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the emitter is made in the form of a short-focus positive lens and a point source of light located in its focal plane rigidly connected to each other. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the emitter is rigidly connected to the first objective of the telescopic system along the light beam.

Description

The utility model relates to optical instrumentation, namely to optoelectronic shadow devices used to study the gradient of the refractive index of optically transparent media, in particular water.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed one is a device constructed according to the scheme given in the book "Marine Refractometry". Authors M.A. Bramson, E.I. Krasovsky, B.V. Naumov - L .: Gidrometeoizdat, 1986, pp. 178-179, Fig. 5.1, selected as a prototype.

The optical system of the device with a single passage of the probe light beam through the analyzed volume of water contains a laser emitter, a telescopic system consisting of two lenses, restricting the diaphragm, providing the aperture of the light beam necessary for operation, the first and second pentaprisms that rotate the light beam twice by 90 °, the first and second portholes, between which a viewing volume is enclosed, a receiving lens, in the focal plane of which a Foucault knife is installed, behind which is located tsya interference filter and a photomultiplier tube. The signal from the output of the photoelectronic multiplier is fed to the signal processing means.

The disadvantage of the optical system - the prototype is that it does not provide for the adjustment of the distance between the lenses of the telescopic system, which does not allow changing the divergence of the light beam at its output. Therefore, for accurate adjustment of the device, in order to obtain the greatest sensitivity, it is necessary to provide the possibility of linear movement of the knife along the optical axis, while maintaining its orientation, so that the knife partially overlaps the light beam in the caustic region, where the beam cross section is minimal. Ensuring accurate rectilinear linear displacement without a turn is a more difficult technical task than, for example, displacement with a turn along the thread. Therefore, in practice, the knife is installed in a certain fixed plane, which is always slightly different from the optimal due to errors in the installation of all elements of the optical system. Therefore, the sensitivity of the device is reduced.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is to increase the sensitivity of the device by providing the possibility of accurate alignment without significantly complicating the design of the device.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that a device for detecting transparent inhomogeneities, comprising a sequentially mounted emitter, a telescopic system consisting of two lenses, a first pentaprism, a first and second portholes, a second pentaprism, a receiving lens with a knife in the focal plane, and a radiation receiver, in accordance with the utility model, it is additionally equipped with means providing the possibility of smooth adjustment of the distance between the lenses telescopically th system.

Means providing the ability to smoothly control the distance between the lenses of the telescopic system can be made in the form of tubes screwed into one another, with sizes that provide the possibility of fixing the lenses in them and the required adjustment range.

The emitter can be made in the form of a rigidly connected short-focus positive lens and a point source of light located in its focal plane.

To simplify the alignment of the device, the emitter can be rigidly connected to the first telescopic lens in the direction of the light beam.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, on which are presented:

FIG. 1 - optical diagram of the device

FIG. 2 - the proposed mechanism for smoothly changing the distance between the lenses of the telescopic system and mounting the emitter.

In the drawings are indicated:

1 - emitter;

2, 3 - lenses of the telescopic system;

4 - the first pentaprism;

5 - the first porthole;

6 - second porthole;

7 - the second pentaprism;

8 - receiving lens;

9 - knife;

10 - radiation receiver;

11 - the first tube;

12 - the second tube;

13 - a lock nut;

14 - tube mounting the emitter;

15 - a lock nut;

16 - locking screws;

The optical heterogeneity detection device comprises a sequentially arranged emitter 1, a telescopic system consisting of a lens 2 and a lens 3, a first pentaprism 4, a first porthole 5, a second porthole 6, a second pentaprism 7, a receiving lens 8, a knife 9 and a radiation receiver 10, a signal with which enters the information processing means (not shown in the drawing), which can be used as a computer or microcontroller.

To simplify and improve the alignment accuracy of the device, tools are used that provide for the smooth adjustment of the distance between the lenses of the telescopic system, made in the form of tubes 11 and 12 screwed into one another, the inner diameters of which allow the installation of lenses 2 and 3, respectively. in tubes using glue or circlips. Moreover, the length of the tubes is chosen so that the rear foci of the lenses installed in them are in the same plane, and they can be biased in two directions. It was experimentally established that it is sufficient to provide a control range of up to ± 5 mm.

The emitter 1 is mainly made in the form of a short-focus positive lens rigidly interconnected and a point light source, for example, a laser diode with a wavelength of 635 nanometers, located in its focal plane.

The radiation receiver 10 can be made, for example, based on a silicon PIN photodiode.

The installation of the elements of the optical system and the adjustment are as follows. The tube 11 with the lens 2 is screwed into the tube 12 with the lens 3. The light beam from the emitter 1, through the lenses 2 and 3, is directed to the remote screen and, smoothly twisting the tube 11, achieve the same diameter of the light beam at the output of the lens 3 and on the screen. After that, the design is fixed by a lock nut 13 and installed in the device body.

For ease of adjustment, the emitter 1 can be rigidly connected with the first objective 2 of the telescopic system along the light beam.

This is achieved by the fact that the emitter 1 is installed in the tube 14 and secured with screws 16. Then, the tube 14 is screwed onto the tube 11 and fixed with a lock nut 15. In this case, the emitter 1 and the lens 2 are immediately mounted coaxially, and therefore, they do not need additional adjustment.

The knife 9 and the receiving lens 8 are installed in their seats of the device body so that the knife 9 is in the focal plane of the receiving lens 8.

When the emitter 1 is on, the knife 9 is displaced perpendicular to the course of the light beam so that it overlaps about half the cross section of the light beam. Control is carried out by a signal from a radiation receiver 10.

Then, in the viewing volume between the portholes 5 and 6, a quotation glass wedge is installed that deflects the light beam by a small angle (5 ″ - 30 ″).

Rotating the tube 12, achieve the position of the lenses 2 and 3, in which the signal change during installation of the alignment wedge is maximum. Then the lock nut 13 fix this position. Moreover, in the plane of the knife 9 is the narrowest section of the caustic of the light beam.

The device operates as follows. The light beam from the emitter 1 passes through a telescopic system consisting of lenses 2 and 3, which converts it into a quasi-parallel light beam. This probe beam, passing through the first pentaprism 4, the first porthole 5, the volume under investigation, the second porthole 6, the second pentaprism 7, falls on the receiving lens 8, which focuses the beam in the plane of the knife 9, overlapping part of the beam, after which it hits the radiation receiver 10.

When transparent inhomogeneities appear in the test volume, the probe light beam is shifted in the plane of the knife 9, i.e., the illumination of the radiation receiver 10 changes. A useful signal arises at the output of the device, the magnitude and frequency spectral characteristic of which determines the nature of the detected inhomogeneity.

From the output of the radiation receiver 10, the electric signal enters the information processing means, where data is accumulated, as well as their processing, which consists in digital filtering and calculation of spectral characteristics.

Due to the fact that the device is additionally equipped with means for smoothly changing the distance between the lenses 2 and 3 of the telescopic system, it became possible to carry out precise alignment of the optical scheme, which ensures an increase in the sensitivity of the device.

The proposed device passed an experimental test and showed an increase in sensitivity to transparent optical inhomogeneities with such an alignment of the manufactured layout more than doubled.

The presented drawings and description allow, using existing materials and technologies, to manufacture the proposed device in an industrial way and use it to detect transparent inhomogeneities of the environment, which characterizes the utility model as industrially applicable.

Claims (4)

1. A device for detecting transparent inhomogeneities, comprising a sequentially mounted emitter, a telescopic system consisting of two lenses, a first penta prism, a first and second portholes, a second penta prism, a receiving lens, in the focal plane of which a knife and radiation receiver are installed, characterized in that the device is equipped with means providing the ability to smoothly control the distance between the lenses of the telescopic system. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the said means of regulation are made in the form of tubes screwed into one another, with dimensions that enable the telescopic system lenses to be fixed in them and the required adjustment range. 3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the emitter is made in the form of a rigidly interconnected short-focus positive lens and a point source of light located in its focal plane. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the emitter is rigidly connected with the first objective of the telescopic system along the light beam.

Images