RU118125U1 - Microwave Signal Divider - Google Patents

Abstract

 A microwave signal divider containing a symmetrical tee having an input, two outputs located on opposite sides of the input at a distance equal to a quarter of the wavelength, and at least one resistance, connected at one end to the first output, and the second to the second, characterized in that a dielectric is inserted, installed between the radiator body and the active resistance housing.

Description

The utility model relates to the technique of ultra-high frequencies (microwave), in particular, devices for dividing (adding) microwave signals and can be used for dividing (adding) microwave signals in the feeder paths of communication technology, radar devices, in television, in measuring equipment.

When developing microwave devices, the problem arises of creating a device for dividing (adding) microwave signals to a large level of operating power, with low losses and good coordination in a wide frequency range, having small overall dimensions. It is necessary that the inputs of the adder are isolated from each other. Decoupling the inputs of the divider (adder) allows the division (addition) of signals, for example, the addition of a microwave signal from several generators when one of them or several fails.

The division (addition) of a microwave signal can be carried out using a ring bridge (Design of lens, scanning, wide-range antennas and feeder devices., Zhuk M.S. and Molochkov Yu.B. M., "Energy", 1973). Ring bridges can be made on lines of various types: coaxial, symmetric and asymmetric strip lines. The ring bridge contains a housing and a conductor installed inside it, made in the form of a closed ring, an output, two inputs installed on different sides of the output at a distance equal to a quarter of the wavelength, and a second output located between the inputs at a quarter of the wavelength from one of the inputs and three quarters from the other, coupled to a matched load.

When connected to the two inputs of the microwave generators, the signals from them are added up, and the failure of one of the generators does not affect the operation of the second. In this device, high power signals can be summed, since the power is limited mainly by the power that can withstand the agreed load.

However, this device has large dimensions. The total length of the midline of the ring is 1.5λ (Design of lens, scanning, wide-range antennas and feeder devices., Zhuk M.S. and Molochkov Yu.B. M., "Energy", 1973).

The division (addition) of a microwave signal can also be carried out using a divider (Design and calculation of microwave elements on strip lines, L. Maloradsky, L. Yavich, R. M. Yavich, “Soviet Radio”, 1972) consisting of a symmetrical tee with an input , 2 outputs, located on opposite sides of the entrance at a distance equal to a quarter of the wavelength, and resistance, with one end connected to the first output, the second to the second. The power divider provides isolation between the output arms, good coordination, low losses and significantly smaller dimensions, since the total length of the midline is 0.5λ. However, this device has the following disadvantages:

- a low level of operating power, since the active resistance should be small, which limits the power dissipated by the resistance. The use of resistances (resistors of the P1-17 type), in which to increase the operating power it is necessary to use an external radiator, usually connected to the device’s case, leads to a significant deterioration of the parameters due to the presence of parasitic resistance reactances (inductance and terminal capacitance, capacitance resistive layer and housing, etc.).

A closer analogue selected as a prototype due to the similarity of the technical task being performed is a divider (Microwave Signal Divider, Application No. 20111130081 / (044406) positive decision of 09/19/2011)) containing a symmetrical tee with an input, two outputs located on different sides of the entrance at a distance equal to a quarter of the wavelength and the active resistance, connected at one end to the first output, the second to the second, in which two tuning elements are inserted, the first connected to one output of the active resistance , The second to the other terminal of resistance.

The use of trimming elements allows the use of resistance installed on the radiator, designed for high power, which significantly increases the operating power of the device. At the same time, good coordination, low losses and small dimensions of the divider are preserved.

However, the disadvantage of this device is the low level of operating power, which may be due to the following reasons:

- the active resistance is small, heat is removed to the radiator from a small area, which prevents effective cooling of the resistance, leads to overheating of the resistance and, as a result, limitation of power dissipation. An increase in the number of resistors leads to an increase in the area from which heat is removed, but does not allow maintaining good coordination and low losses. This is explained by the presence of parasitic resistance reactances (primarily by capacitance), which add up and whose influence cannot be compensated for by the use of tuning elements.

- the resistance has such a magnitude of parasitic reactances (first of all, capacitance) that it is impossible to obtain good coordination and low losses even with the help of tuning elements.

The technical result of the proposed technical solution is to increase the level of working power while maintaining good coordination and low losses.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the microwave signal divider containing a symmetrical tee having an input, two outputs located on opposite sides of the input at a distance equal to a quarter of the wavelength and at least one active resistance connected between the outputs, a dielectric installed between the radiator housing and the resistance housing.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the proposed device,

Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of the installation of resistance on the radiator body through a dielectric.

The microwave signal divider contains a symmetric tee, input 1 and two outputs 2, 3 located on opposite sides of input 1 at a distance equal to a quarter of the wavelength and at least one active resistance 4 connected between outputs 2, 3, a dielectric 5, installed between the radiator housing 6 and the resistance housing 4.

The microwave divider works as follows /

The microwave signal received at input 1 is divided equally between two outputs 2, 3 located at a distance equal to a quarter of the wavelength from input 1. The signals at outputs 2, 3 are equal and in phase, if outputs 2, 3 are matched. The coordination of outputs 2, 3 is achieved by connecting the agreed loads to them (not shown in FIG. 1). In case of a mismatch of one of the outputs, for example, the second, the signal reflected from output 2 enters output 3 in two ways: directly through resistance 4 and through line segments equal to half the wavelength. Thus, at the output 3, two signals are added in antiphase, thereby achieving compensation of the reflected signal, that is, isolation between outputs 2 and 3 is achieved. In this case, half of the power is supplied to output 3, and half is dissipated at resistance 4 .. Since between resistance 4 and the case of the radiator 6 is installed dielectric 5, then the sum of the two capacitors (one capacity is the parasitic capacity of the resistance 4, the other is the capacity formed by the resistance housing 4, the dielectric 5 and the radiator case 6), connected in series о will obviously be less than the intrinsic parasitic capacitance of the resistance 4. Therefore, the influence of the total parasitic capacitance will be much less, and this will allow either to establish additional resistances and thereby, firstly, increase the area from which the heat is removed, and secondly, place heat sources (resistance 4) to different places of the radiator, improving the cooling conditions, or use resistance 4 with a higher dissipation power, which, as a rule, has the value of parasitic reactances (primarily, capacity) not It allows to obtain good coordination and low losses when installing such a resistance 4 directly on the heat sink 6. In order to improve heat dissipation from resistance 4, dielectrics 5 should use dielectrics with a high thermal conductivity, for example, a polycor having a thermal conductivity of 31.5 W / (m ° C) (Reference for the calculation and design of microwave strip devices, edited by V.I. Volman, M. "Radio and Communication", 1982).

At the filing date, a microwave divider was created using 4 resistances of type P1-17-100 and a microwave divider using 1 resistance of type P1-17-400.

Comparative tests showed that both dividers have a wide band (30%), good agreement (SWR less than 1.3).

The microwave divider using 1 resistance type P1-17-400 has a maximum operating power of 100 watts.

The microwave divider using 4 resistances of the type P1-17-100 has a maximum operating power of 150 watts.

Thus, when using a dielectric (polikorovaya plate with a thickness of 0.5 mm) installed between the radiator casing and the active resistance casing, the maximum working power increases by 1.5 times.

Claims (1)

A microwave signal divider comprising a symmetrical tee having an input, two outputs located on opposite sides of the input at a distance equal to a quarter of the wavelength, and at least one resistance, connected at one end to the first output, and the second to the second, characterized in that a dielectric is inserted between the radiator body and the resistance housing.