RU100311U1 - PHOTOELECTRIC ANGLE CONVERTER - Google Patents

Abstract

 A photoelectric angle transducer comprising a housing, ball bearings, an encoded shaft with a hole mounted in ball bearings, a measuring disk made with two concentric tracks, including a raster track and a zero mark track, on which an opaque raster with a zero mark code and a transparent raster, an indicator disk are located including two pairs of light-transmitting windows for incremental reading with rasters printed inside them, matched with the raster track of the measuring disk, etc. a transparent raster with a zero mark code, matched with a zero mark track on the measuring disk and located between the light transmission windows of one of the pairs of light transmission windows for incremental reading, a radiator and a processing board with photodetectors for incremental reading and for reading a zero mark, characterized in that the light transmission windows for incremental reading of the first pair are placed diametrically opposite to the light-transmitting windows for incremental reading of the second pair, between the light transmissive windows for the incremental reading taken by the second pair of light-transmitting window for the reference channel, for which the board is placed extra processing for the reference channel photodetector, mounted diametrically opposite photodetector for sensing the zero mark, and in the case an additional emitter, disposed diametrically opposite the emitter.

Description

The utility model relates to automation and computer technology and can be used in photoelectric converters of an angle of accumulating type to convert the angle of rotation into a proportional number of electrical pulses.

Known photoelectric angle transducer containing a housing, an encoded shaft mounted in bearings, measuring and indicator disks, emitter, photodetectors and processing board, Presnukhin L.N. "Photoelectric information converters." M .: Engineering, 1974. Fig. 150. S.301, Fig. 148. S.289.

The known Converter has large radial dimensions and weight due to the radial, sequential arrangement of photodetectors relative to its axis, which simultaneously reduces its operational capabilities.

Known photoelectric angle transducer containing a cylindrical housing, an encoded shaft mounted in ball bearings, indicator and measuring discs, holders for emitters, photodetectors and indicator disk, processing board, racks for attaching the processing board, protective cover, elements for electrical connection of emitters, photodetectors with processing board, RU No. 58822 U1, H03M 1/24, 11/27/2006.

The known converter has a rigid, dust and water tight design, and this complicates its design and manufacture.

Known photoelectric angle transducer comprising a housing, an encoded shaft mounted in bearings, a measuring disk, an emitter, N photodetectors and a processing board, RU No. 63624 U1, H03M 1/24, 05/27/2007.

In the known Converter there is no indicator disk with aperture windows in front of the photodetectors, which creates the risk of excessive exposure during the rotation of the measuring disk, and this reduces the sensitivity and accuracy of the Converter.

A known photoelectric transducer of angular displacements of the accumulating type, comprising a housing, an encoded shaft mounted in bearings, a measuring disk with a raster track and a zero reference window, an indicator disk with windows for incremental reading and windows defining a working reference area, emitters, photodetectors and processing board, RU No. 91769 U1, G02F 7/00, 02.27.2010.

In the known transducer, the windows for incremental reading on the indicator disk are located close to each other and at a small angle to each other relative to the axis of rotation, which does not compensate for the errors of the converter due to misaligned mounting of the measuring disk on the axis of rotation of the bearings.

Known photoelectric angle transducer installed on the user's site, comprising a housing, guide cylinders placed in diametrically opposite openings of the housing, an encoded shaft, indicator and measuring disks with a measuring scale, emitters and photodetectors forming optical information channels, RU No. 2213414 C1, H01M 1 / 24, H01M 1/28, 09/27/2003; RU No. 2213415 C1, H01M 1/24, H01M 1/28, 09/27/2003; RU No. 2263396 C1, H01M 1/28, H01M 1/24, 10.27.2005.

The known converter is highly accurate, but complicated in design and expensive to manufacture.

A known photoelectric angle transducer comprising a housing, ball bearings, an encoded shaft with a hole installed in ball bearings, a measuring disk made with two concentric tracks including a raster track, and a zero mark track on which an opaque raster with a zero mark code and a transparent raster are located, indicator disk, including two pairs of light-transmitting windows for incremental reading with rasters applied inside them, matched with the raster track of the measuring claim, and a transparent raster with a zero mark code, matched with the zero mark track on the measuring disk and located between the light transmission windows of one of the pairs of light transmission windows for incremental reading, the emitter and the processing board with photodetectors for incremental reading and for reading the zero mark, DE 19521252 A1 , G08C 15/06, G08C 19/00, H03M 1/22, 12/12/1996.

In this converter, a reference channel signal is generated from signals from incremental readout photodetectors.

This technical solution is taken as the closest analogue of this utility model.

However, it has disadvantages.

The closest analog converter has large radial dimensions, since the measuring disk has a raster track for incremental reading of information with a large height, and light-transmitting windows for incremental reading on the indicator disk are placed at different radii relative to the axis of the converter, which complicates the task of generating a light beam to illuminate spaced photodetectors for incremental readings located at various diameters. This increases the radial dimensions of the device and does not allow to compensate for transducer errors due to misaligned mounting of the measuring disk on the axis of rotation of ball bearings.

In addition, it is possible to note the complexity of the signal processing scheme from photodetectors for incremental reading located behind the light-transmitting windows for incremental reading, which simultaneously with the registration of incremental reading signals should emit a signal of the emitter intensity level, which at the same time should be the level for highlighting the zero-mark response signal.

The present utility model is based on solving a problem that allows one to reduce radial dimensions, simplify signal processing, and increase the accuracy of the converter.

The technical result of this utility model is the arrangement of light-transmitting windows for incremental reading of information of one pair on the same diameter as light-transmitting windows for incremental reading of another pair, in a diametrically opposite arrangement relative to each other and in the location between the light-transmitting windows in each pair of light-transmitting windows of zero and reference tags that are placed on the same diameter, different from the diameter of the placement of light-transmitting windows for incremental reading whining.

The technical result of this utility model is to provide the converter with an additional emitter, which is installed diametrically opposite to the emitter.

The technical result of this utility model is to provide the converter with an additional photodetector for the reference channel, located behind the light-transmitting window for the reference channel, installed diametrically opposite the photodetector for reading the zero mark.

According to a utility model, this problem is solved due to the fact that the photoelectric angle transducer comprises a housing, ball bearings, an encoded shaft with a hole installed in ball bearings, a measuring disk, an indicator disk, an emitter and a processing board with photodetectors for incremental reading and for reading a zero mark.

The measuring disk is made with two concentric tracks, including a raster track and a zero mark track, on which an opaque raster with a zero mark code and a transparent raster are located.

The indicator disk includes two pairs of light-transmitting windows for incremental reading with rasters printed inside them, matched with the raster track of the measuring disk, and a transparent raster with a zero mark code, matched with the zero mark track on the measuring disk and located between the light-transmitting windows of one of the pairs of light-transmitting windows for incremental read.

Light-transmitting windows for incremental reading of the first pair are placed diametrically opposed to light-transmitting windows for incremental reading of the second pair.

Between the light-transmitting windows for incremental reading of the second pair there is a light-transmitting window for the reference channel, behind which on the processing board there is an additional photodetector for the reference channel, installed diametrically opposite to the photodetector for reading the zero mark.

An additional emitter is installed in the housing, placed diametrically opposite to the emitter.

The applicant has not identified sources containing information on technical solutions identical to this utility model, which allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "novelty."

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

figure 1 - photoelectric transducer angle in the context;

figure 2 is a section aa of figure 1;

figure 3 - node D of figure 2;

figure 4 is a section bB of figure 1;

figure 5 - node D of figure 4;

figure 6 - node E of figure 4;

Fig.7 is a section bb In Fig.1.

The photoelectric angle transducer contains:

Building 1;

ball bearings (in housing 1) - 2.

The coded shaft - 3;

inner hole (in shaft 3) - 4.

Emitter (in case 1) - 5.

Additional emitter (in case 1) - 6.

The reference channel is 7.

Measuring disk (in case 1) - 8.

Raster track (on disk 8) - 9;

light-transmitting windows (on track 9) - 10.

Track zero mark (on disk 8) - 11;

an opaque raster with a zero mark code (on track 11) - 12;

transparent raster (on track 11) - 13.

Indicator disk (in case 1) - 14.

The first pair of light-transmitting windows for incremental reading (on disk 14) - 15;

light-transmitting window with a raster (pair 15) - 16;

light-transmitting window with a raster (pair 15) - 17.

A transparent raster with a zero mark code (on disk 14) is 18.

The second pair of light-transmitting windows for incremental reading (on disk 14) - 19;

light-transmitting window with a raster (pairs 19) - 20;

light-transmitting window with a raster (pairs 19) - 21.

Light-transmitting window for the reference channel (on disk 14) - 22.

Processing fee (in case 1) - 23;

photodetectors for incremental readout (on board 23) - 24;

photodetectors for incremental readout (on board 23) - 25;

photodetector for reading the zero mark (on the board 23) - 26;

additional photodetector for the reference channel (7) (on the board 23) - 27.

The photoelectric angle converter comprises a housing 1, ball bearings 2, an encoded shaft 3 with a hole 4 installed in ball bearings 2, a measuring disk 8, an indicator disk 14, an emitter 5 and an additional emitter 6, a processing board 23 with photodetectors for incremental reading 24 and 25, a photodetector for reading the zero mark 26 and an additional photodetector for the reference channel 27.

Additional emitter 6 is placed diametrically opposite to the emitter 5.

The measuring disk 8 is made with two concentric tracks, including a raster track 9 with light-transmitting windows 10 and a zero mark track 11, on which an opaque raster with a zero mark code 12 and a transparent raster 13 are located.

The indicator disk 14 includes two pairs of light-transmitting windows for incremental reading 15 and 19 with rasters plotted inside them, matched with the raster track 9 of the measuring disk 8, and a transparent raster with a zero mark code 18, aligned with the zero mark track 11 on the measuring disk 8 and located between the light-transmitting windows for incremental reading 16 and 17 (with rasters) of the first pair 15.

Light-transmitting windows for incremental reading 16 and 17 (with rasters) of the first pair 15 are diametrically opposed to light-transmitting windows for incremental reading 20 and 21 (with rasters) of the second pair 19.

Between the light-transmitting windows for incremental reading 20 and 21 (with rasters) of the second pair 19 there is a light-transmitting window for the reference channel 22, behind which on the processing board 23 there is an additional photodetector for the reference channel 27 mounted diametrically opposite to the photodetector for reading the zero mark 26.

On the processing board 23, photodetectors for incremental reading 24 and 25, a photodetector for reading the zero mark 26, and an additional photodetector for the reference channel 27 are installed behind the light-transmitting windows for incremental reading 16 and 17 (with rasters) of the first pair 15, light-transmitting windows for incremental reading 20 and 21 (with rasters) of the second pair 19, a transparent raster with a zero mark code 18 and a light transmitting window for the reference channel 22 of the indicator disk 14, respectively.

The rasters in the light-transmitting windows 16, 17, 20 and 21 for incremental reading on the indicator disk 14 have the same step as the regular raster (alternating dark and light sections of the raster track 9) on the measuring disk 8.

In each pair of 15 and 19 light-transmitting windows 16, 17, 20 and 21 for incremental reading, raster strokes (not shown) are shifted relative to each other by half a raster step, and the mutual spatial shift of the raster between pairs 15 and 19 is a quarter of the raster step, which allows receive sinx signals; -cosx; -sinx; cosx, which are used to form the counting pulses in the processing board 23.

In this case, a transparent raster with a zero mark code 18 and a light transmission window for the reference channel 22 are located between the light transmission windows 16 and 17 (with rasters) and light transmission windows 20 and 21 (with rasters), respectively.

To communicate with the display device (not shown) is a cable (shown conditionally).

Photoelectric angle Converter operates as follows.

The user shaft is installed in the inner hole 4 of the encoded shaft 3 of the converter and secured, for example, by means of a terminal clip (shown conditionally).

The angular movement of the encoded shaft 3 from the user shaft (not shown) leads to the rotation of the measuring disk 8 in the housing 1, while the light flux from the emitter 5 and the additional emitter 6, passing through the measuring 8 and indicator 14 disks, is fed to the corresponding photodetectors 24, 25 , 26, 27, which transmit the corresponding electrical signals to the processing board 23.

The mutual nature of the change in the signals coming from the photodetectors for incremental reading 24 and 25 makes it possible to determine the direction of the measured angle of rotation of the measuring disk 8, and the number of periods during rotation is the value of the angle of rotation.

The nature of the change in the signal coming from the photodetector to read the zero mark 26 indicates the number of revolutions of the encoded shaft 3 with the measuring disk 8 and determines the reference point of the angular movements of the transducer.

The nature of the change in the electrical signal coming from the additional photodetector for the reference channel 27 indicates the constancy or change of the reference signal, which serves to detect the zero mark signal.

The zero mark signal is triggered when an opaque raster with a zero mark code 12 of the measuring disk 8 overlaps a transparent raster with a zero mark code 18 of the indicator disc 14. At this point, the voltage at the photodetector for reading the zero mark 26 is zero.

On the photodetector for reading the zero mark 26 and on the additional photodetector for the reference channel 27, in the absence of their overlap with an opaque raster with the code of the zero mark 12, there are constant levels of illumination. In this case, the zero mark is detected by the circuit board processing 23 when the signal from the photodetector for reading the zero mark 26 becomes lower than the signal level from the additional photodetector for the reference channel 27.

When passing an opaque raster with a zero mark code 12 under the light-transmitting window for the reference channel 22, the signal level from the additional photodetector for the reference channel 27 decreases, but according to the established algorithm on the processing board 23, this does not violate the detection of the zero mark signal.

In the proposed Converter, the height of the strokes of the regular raster on the measuring disk 8 is at least two times less than in the prototype due to the diametrically opposite placement of pairs of 15 and 19 light-transmitting windows for incremental reading, which allows to reduce the radial dimensions of the measuring disk 8, to simplify its manufacture and the entire converter as a whole.

Placing a transparent raster with a zero mark code 18 and a light-transmitting window for the reference channel 22 between the corresponding light-transmitting windows for incremental reading 16 and 17, 20 and 21 of pairs 15 and 19, respectively, allows to increase the density of the arrangement of light-transmitting windows when they are illuminated, which allows to reduce the diameter collimated radiation flux from emitters 5 and 6, which reduces the radial dimensions of the transducer.

This is especially important for high-precision converters, which should be used in small-sized equipment with changing environmental parameters (conditions of vacuum technology).

The proposed placement of light-transmitting windows 16 and 17, 20 and 21 for incremental reading of pairs 15 and 19, respectively, of a transparent raster with a zero mark code 18 and a light-transmitting window for reference channel 22, emitter 5 and additional emitter 6 and photodetectors for incremental reading 24 and 25 , a photodetector for reading the zero mark 26 and an additional photodetector for the reference channel 27 allows you to remove information about the angular displacement of the measuring disk 8 from its diametrically opposite sections.

The angular displacement information is processed in the circuit board 23 by subtracting the corresponding signals coming from one pair of light-transmitting windows for incremental reading 15 from the signals from the other pair 19, which compensates for the misalignment of the mounting of the measuring disk 8 and the battle of ball bearings 2 on the rotation axis, and this increases the accuracy transducer.

The diametrically opposite arrangement of emitters 5 and 6, photodetectors for incremental reading 24 and 25, a photodetector for reading the zero mark 26 and an additional photodetector for the reference channel 27, a transparent raster with a zero mark code 18 and a light transmitting window for the reference channel 22 provides the symmetry of the whole structure, and this means that the linear changes in the dimensions of parts are the same under thermal effects on the structure, which increases the accuracy of the converter.

In the proposed Converter, the registration of the reference signal is performed by an additional photodetector for the reference channel 27, which simplifies the electronic processing of the board 23 and is not dependent on the photodetectors for incremental reading 24 and 25, which increases its reliability.

The proposed photoelectric angle converter was manufactured industrially at OJSC SKB IS, and the tests of the experimental batch determine, in the applicant’s opinion, that it meets the criterion of “industrial applicability”.

Claims (1)

A photoelectric angle transducer comprising a housing, ball bearings, an encoded shaft with a hole mounted in ball bearings, a measuring disk made with two concentric tracks, including a raster track and a zero mark track, on which an opaque raster with a zero mark code and a transparent raster, an indicator disk are located including two pairs of light-transmitting windows for incremental reading with rasters printed inside them, matched with the raster track of the measuring disk, etc. a transparent raster with a zero mark code, matched with a zero mark track on the measuring disk and located between the light transmission windows of one of the pairs of light transmission windows for incremental reading, a radiator and a processing board with photodetectors for incremental reading and for reading a zero mark, characterized in that the light transmission windows for incremental reading of the first pair are placed diametrically opposite to the light-transmitting windows for incremental reading of the second pair, between the light transmissive windows for the incremental reading taken by the second pair of light-transmitting window for the reference channel, for which the board is placed extra processing for the reference channel photodetector, mounted diametrically opposite photodetector for sensing the zero mark, and in the case an additional emitter, disposed diametrically opposite the emitter.