RU108806U1 - DEVICE FOR STARTING THE ENGINE ON LIQUEFIED OIL GAS IN WINTER CONDITIONS - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. A device for starting an engine using liquefied petroleum gas in winter conditions, including a reducer-evaporator of liquefied petroleum gas, a coolant in it, a pre-heater for an internal combustion engine before starting, characterized in that a pre-heater is mounted in the engine compartment connected by a removable corrugated metal a nozzle with a special volumetric metal casing in which the gearbox-evaporator is located, and measuring instruments (low pressure gauges, pointer temperature thermometer) and the sensor (temperature), and the pipe Exhaust preheater located in the engine compartment also. ! 2. A device for starting an engine using liquefied petroleum gas in winter conditions, including a reducer-evaporator of liquefied petroleum gas, a coolant in it, a pre-heater for an internal combustion engine before starting according to claim 1, characterized in that in the casing at a distance of 8-10 mm from the walls there is a low pressure reducer-evaporator, and the flow of hot air with a volume of Vv = 0.92 m3 at a speed x = 5.47 m / s, passing through a pipe with a cross-sectional area S = 0.0028 m2, enters a metal casing , transferring heat to a reducer - low pressure evaporator, and hot air exits through an opening in the casing with a cross-sectional area S = 0.0015 m2, while the selected design parameters contribute to the easy passage of hot air over the entire surface of the evaporator gear and slowing the exit of hot air from the inner space of the casing, and more efficient heating

Description

The utility model relates to the field of agriculture and industrial industry - technical means for implementing technologies to facilitate the start-up of an internal combustion engine using liquefied petroleum gas.

Known technical means that facilitate starting the engine at low ambient temperatures, which are based on the principle of heating with hot air. These funds are referred to as air heaters. In most cases, they run on fuel from the tank of the car, directly heat the air, which is blown by the fan from the outlet of the heat exchanger, to the engine assembly units or the car cabin and passenger compartment.

Observations of the operation of gas engines running on gaseous fuels show that starting in temperature conditions from minus 10 ° С and below is impossible (see Tsutsoyev V.I. Start-up of machines. Operation of agricultural machinery in winter. - M.: Agropromizdat. - 1989. - p. 8-9, Zolotnitsky V.A. Automotive gas fuel systems - M. ACT: Astrel. - 2007. - p. 108-109). The specific features of liquefied gas and fuel equipment do not allow creating the optimal composition of the fuel mixture at the time of start-up. In this regard, the engine is started on gasoline, warmed up to a temperature of + 40 ... + 50 ° C, and then transferred to gas. With such a start, satisfactory gas evaporation will be ensured, but additional time and money spent on gasoline are required to warm the engine to t = + 40 ° С. To reduce the time spent on heating and fuel, it is necessary to apply the method of starting fuel preparation (liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) - GOST 27578-87), (see Shilova EP, Kryukov IV, Tolkachev NN, etc. . Experience in the use of alternative fuels for automotive and agricultural machinery: Scientific analytical review. - M.: FSIN "Rosinformagroteh." - 2006. - p.40).

The closest analogue of the claimed invention are: a device for ensuring the launch and operation of vehicles at low (up to -55 ° C) temperatures - ThermMix (carries out oil heating in the oil pan of the engine and gearbox, rear axle, battery, etc., runs on diesel); autonomous air heaters of the Helios, Xeros, Zenit series (manufactured by Eberspacher (Germany), crash into the car cooling system, used to heat cabs and car interiors); air heater Planar (used to heat up car interiors, runs on diesel), etc. (see http: // www.avesto-ural.ru. - 2011, http: // www.avto-site.ru. - 2011).

Analysis of the existing methods of preparing the engine for start-up showed that, along with advantages, they also have negative aspects. These heaters have design features (a wide outlet for hot air) that allow heating of cabins and salons, but are inconvenient when heating elements of a car’s gas equipment that require a narrower direction of heat flow. A negative point is the use by some models of diesel heaters as fuel, which causes additional difficulties in comparison with heaters running on gasoline from the car’s fuel tank. The high cost of most of these heaters (15500-72116 rubles) prevents their widespread distribution in industry and especially in agriculture.

Based on this, the task was posed: when preparing the engine for heat, use a relatively inexpensive device that runs on gasoline from the vehicle’s fuel tank, with low fuel consumption, which allows heating the components of gas-balloon equipment (namely, a low-pressure reduction gearbox-evaporator), concentrating the heat flux on the heating element-reducer-evaporator necessary for heating.

The problem is solved by creating a device that ensures gas evaporation during heating of the gearbox-evaporator and ignition of the gas-air mixture with simultaneous heating of the engine, and the basic individual means of which the engine can be preheated at low air temperatures is O15-0010- individual individual universal air heater 10. The choice of this gasoline heater is due to such factors:

1) the required voltage U = 12 V the heater receives from the vehicle’s battery;

2) economical consumption of gasoline (0.35 l / h);

3) fire safety.

This heater is a development of JSC "Shadrinsk Automobile Unit Plant" and has the following characteristics: heating capacity of 2.04 kW; volume of heated air 75 m ³ / h; air temperature at the outlet of the junction box + 80 ° С (see Fuchadzhi K.S., Stryuk N.N. Automobile ZAZ-968M Zaporozhets. - 3rd ed., erased. - M.: Transport. - 1994 . - 352 p.).

The figure 1 presents the development of a utility model in which to localize the heat flow, the pressure reducer-evaporator - 1 of the low-pressure gas equipment is placed in a special volumetric metal casing - 2, with an upper hinged lid that is attached to the brackets - 3, in the casing - 2 enters air from the heater through the connecting removable metal corrugated pipe - 5. The gearbox-evaporator - 1 is located inside the casing at a distance of 8-10 mm from its walls, the distance is regulated by a sleeve - 6, and the sleeve is put on a hairpin attachment - 4. This allows the hot air to flow freely around the entire surface of the gearbox, giving it the warmth. Hot air passes with a design speed of the order of υ = 5.47 m / s through a pipe with a cross-sectional area S = 0.0028 m ² . The outlet - 7 in the casing has a cross-sectional area of the order of S = 0.0015 m ² . The cross-sectional area of the pipe and the distance between the casing and the gearbox are determined taking into account the volume of air V _in = 0.92 m ³ passing through the heater in one minute. The difference in the area of the inlet and outlet openings helps to slow down the exit of hot air from the casing and efficiently warm the gearbox-evaporator - 1 and the coolant in it, having a mass m = 0.1 kg, to a temperature t = + 40 ... + 60 ° С, depending from ambient temperature. The choice of the ratio of the cross-sectional areas of the inlet and outlet openings was selected by calculation and practically tested on a pilot plant and incorrect parameters negatively affect (increase) the heating time of the low-pressure reducer-evaporator and coolant in it. From the casing, hot air goes further into the engine compartment, further heating it and warming up the engine and the oil sump. To control the temperature of the coolant in the gearbox, a pointer and a temperature sensor are built into the rubber hose through the tee. Low pressure gauges are built into the gas pipe before and after the gas solenoid valve using metal tees. A pressure gauge is also built into the pressure gauge installed behind the electrovalve, to which a signal lamp connected to the instrument panel is connected. If there is no pressure in the gas pipe, the lamp on the panel will light up. This situation is possible if the gas solenoid valve breaks down. The heater runs on gasoline supplied by an electric gasoline pump from a car tank. The exhaust gas from the heater leaves the vehicle under the hood without getting into the driver's cab. Hot air leaving the casing in the engine compartment heats the air to a temperature of plus 40 ° C, since the volume of air under the hood is comparable to the volume of air passing through the heater in one minute with an outlet temperature of plus 80 ° C. In turn, the heated engine compartment hood warms up the engine and, entering the gas-air mixer and mixing with the gas, provides better ignition in the engine cylinders. This makes it much easier to start the engine in the CIS during the cold season. A diagram of the heating device built into the gas equipment of the car is shown in Figure 2. It includes the following elements: 1 - gas cylinder; 2 - block locking and control and safety valves; 3 - portable refueling device; 4 - gas pipeline; 5 - metal tee; 6 - low pressure gauge DM1001U2 IP40 GOST2405-88; 7 - gas solenoid valve; 8 - metal tee; 9 - pressure sensor OTK1 - 09-08; 10 - signal lamp; 11 - low pressure gauge DM1001U2 IP40 GOST2405-88; 12 - gas pressure reducer-evaporator low pressure; 13 - a casing for heating a gas pressure reducer-evaporator of low pressure; 14 - rubber hose (antifreeze); 15 - metal tee; 16 - temperature sensor (TM 100A); 17 - high voltage wire; 18 - temperature indicator (UKA-145A); 19 - rubber hose for gas-air mixture; 20 - gas dispenser; 21 - gas mixer; 22 - engine ZMZ-51110-8V-4; 23 - metal corrugated pipe; 24 - independent air heater (015-0010-10); 25 - flange; 26 - metal corrugated pipe; 27 - gasoline solenoid valve; 28 - rubber fuel hose (gasoline); 29 - gasoline sump; 30 - electric gasoline pump; 31 - fuel tank (gasoline); 32 - high voltage wire; 33 - battery (6ST-75, TUU 31.4-31950849-001-2004); 34 - high voltage wire; 35 - switch gas-gasoline.

The results of testing the device for starting the engine in the CIS at various ambient temperatures showed the following. Measurements of the duration of the heating of the gearbox-evaporator and the engine to + 40 ° C, the start time of the engine were carried out at various ambient temperatures (0, -5, -8, -15, -18, -20 ° C).

It was experimentally established that when using the developed device, it takes from 1.65 to 4.99 minutes to warm up the gearbox-evaporator and coolant in it to + 40 ° C for normal engine operation at the above temperature conditions. The results of the start time of the engine on gas using preheating obtained at all temperature conditions are shown depending on figure 3, the mathematical expression of the dependence is t = -0.1039G ² -1.7775T + 114.75, the reliability has a value of R ² = 0, 9993. For control, this figure also shows the dependence of the engine start time in the CIS on the ambient temperature without using the proposed device, the mathematical expression of the dependence is t = 0.1818T ² -8.621T + 105.35, the reliability is R ² = 0.9348.

Thus, the start-up time of ICE on gas at temperatures from zero to minus 8 ° C significantly exceeds the start-up time of ICEs operating in the CIS using warming up with hot air. The temperature range at which the vehicle can start and run on gas using preheating is much wider (to -20 ° C) than when starting without it (to -8 ° C).

To achieve the greatest effect in operation, an engine running at a low ambient temperature must be warmed up to a temperature of + 40 ... + 50 ° С. Measurements of the time and fuel consumption required to warm up the engine to + 40 ° C, that pre-start heating of the fuel supply system and heating the engine itself using a heating device, require significantly less time than heating the engine with gas and gasoline. The engine warm-up time, depending on the ambient temperature, is reduced by 1.8-2.1 times. Fuel consumption during engine warming up to t = + 40 ° С using the O15-0010-10 heater is 1.7-1.9 times more economical than heating the engine with gasoline and gas.

Claims (3)

1. A device for starting an engine using liquefied petroleum gas in winter conditions, including a reducer-evaporator of liquefied petroleum gas, a coolant in it, a pre-heater for an internal combustion engine before starting, characterized in that a pre-heater is mounted in the engine compartment connected by a removable corrugated metal a nozzle with a special volumetric metal casing in which the gearbox-evaporator is located, and measuring instruments (low pressure gauges, pointer temperature thermometer) and the sensor (temperature), and the pipe Exhaust preheater located in the engine compartment also. 2. A device for starting a liquefied petroleum gas engine in winter conditions, including a reducer-evaporator of liquefied petroleum gas, a coolant in it, a pre-heater for an internal combustion engine before starting according to claim 1, characterized in that in the casing at a distance of 8-10 mm from the walls there is a low pressure reducer-evaporator, and a stream of hot air with a volume of V _in = 0.92 m ³ at a speed x = 5.47 m / s passing through a pipe with a cross-sectional area S = 0.0028 m ² into a metal casing transferring heat to the gearbox to the low-pressure evaporator, and hot air exits through an opening in the casing with a cross-sectional area S = 0.0015 m ² , while the selected design parameters facilitate the easy passage of hot air over the entire surface of the evaporator gearbox and slow the exit of hot air from the inner space casing, and more efficient heating of the pressure reducer-evaporator, as well as the coolant in it and the engine. 3. A device for starting an engine using liquefied petroleum gas in winter conditions, including a reducer-evaporator of liquefied petroleum gas, a coolant in it, a pre-heater for an internal combustion engine before starting according to claim 1, characterized in that the hot air leaving the casing additionally warms up the engine compartment and the engine located in it, helping to reduce time by warming up to + 40 ° C of the engine.