PL208128B1 - Safe document and/or securities piece - Google Patents

Abstract

The security method is adopted valuable documents that criminals may wish to forge, e.g. banknotes. The method of preventing forgery is to produce a banknote with a verification element (2). When the banknote is folded, the security element produces a specific visual effect when aligned with a security marking (3). The verification element is in the form of a transparent window that has a lens raster pattern and this interacts with the security marking.

Description

The invention relates to a security document and / or a value document with security features and an verification element for verifying the security feature.

Documents, and in particular personal documents, banknotes, securities, financial documents, service cards such as credit cards or the like, postage stamps, and, in general, goods which must be authorized, are often produced in an easily counterfeit manner.

Such products must be provided with such features that allow to prove their authenticity, that is, their originality.

The security features should be combined as inseparably as possible with the product to be authorized and / or have features that are difficult to copy.

It is generally known in the art to produce and apply security features to security documents and / or value documents.

A large number of types of security features are known, such as fluorescent fibers, fluorescent rods, fluorescent inks, microprints, moiré structures, holograms and the like.

In the product to be protected, special paints with spectral properties or with magnetic properties or properties depending on temperature (heat-sensitive paints) are often introduced as security features. Barcodes are used which use differences in the reflectivity of the surface, or lattice structures are used, and such foil antennas are used to use the resonant frequency in the resonant circuit.

From AU 488 652 there are known security documents in which the security features can be checked by viewing in transmitted light. An optically variable element is disposed between the plastic strips and can be viewed through a transparent window on the cover strip therein. Moreover, it is particularly disadvantageous that the embedded security features are visible to the naked eye only in transmitted light and that the material properties of the document are significantly altered.

It is known to introduce only a transparent window (Australian banknotes) as security features in banknotes.

DE 43 34 847 A1 discloses a value document with a window, in which the carrier is additionally provided with a window cutout which is closed by a transparent cover foil, the covering foil in this area of the window being provided with additional security features. . The production of an additional cutout in the form of a window of a value document carrier and the covering of this cutout with a transparent cover film, which is partly also provided with security features, is expensive from a manufacturing point of view and involves increasing the thickness of the value document. The condition that the window areas must remain transparent in order for the security features to be identified by transmitted light with the naked eye limits the use of covertly arranged security features. In this case, as with the known window threads in banknotes, these are also elements which are essentially only provided as a security element, but which otherwise have no other function. The known windows may also incorporate security features themselves.

The authentication of known security features usually requires the use of specific devices, methods, and in particular external control devices, such as magnifying glasses for checking microprint, lenticular louvres for checking hidden graphics, ultraviolet lamps for visualizing fluorescence or a method using transmitted light for optical identification of the security feature.

DE 36 09 090 A1 describes a value document with a security thread inserted inside which can be checked visually without technical aids. The security thread is made of transparent material. One of the surfaces is embossed with a raster of cylindrical lenses. A printed image is placed directly on the surface of the thread opposite to the foil. The printed image is shaped taking into account the optical properties of cylindrical lenses. By appropriately shaping the printed image, information which is only visible at fixed viewing angles can thus be introduced.

PL 208 128 B1

It is disadvantageous that the paper is placed directly under the thread, so that this security feature can only be viewed in reflected rays and not transmitted rays. The security is only in the thread. The thread is usually a security feature.

WO 98/15418 discloses a security document with a security element and a security element verification element. The verification element may be an optical lens, a color filter, a polarizer or a series of lines.

In turn, GB 2 172 850 discloses a security document in the form of a bank-book which has an area containing encrypted indicia and a transparent area formed as a reading screen for decrypting the indicia. The encrypted markings consist of a regular polygon image on a background of lines that are laterally shifted from the markings lines, which together create a general, random pattern or "noise". The reading screen also consists of a series of lines for decrypting the encrypted markings which take the form of a signature.

US 5,284,364 discloses a security document system, and more particularly an identification card having a polarity reversing layer adhered to a carrier material, permanently placed above the base print, and encoded with additional information readable by a polarizing document viewing device, not connected to any other material. way with the document.

US 5,033,829 relates to overlapping polarizing panels capable, in addition to light and dark stripes, of producing color images. This document is concerned with optical panels for selective assumption of light for use in windows, blinds, glass arts and other utility items, not security documents.

In turn, US 5,057,776 discloses an article comprising a carrier material having a barcode field array, the array having embossed optically active microscopic relief structures that can be read with a separate optical reading device comprising photosensors for detection of diffracted light beams.

The object of the invention is to provide a suitable type of security document and / or value document, in which the security against forgery is enhanced and simplified document authentication is guaranteed without an external auxiliary means.

The subject matter of the invention is therefore a security document or value document with security features and with an verification element for verifying a security feature, where at different places in the document at least one verification element is integrated with at least one security feature verifiable by this verification element, the verification element being and the security feature is superimposed by folding only during the verification. The document according to the invention is characterized in that at least two verification elements are formed by adjacent analyzer zones having at least one transparent area and arranged next to each other in one window or in at least two adjacent, adjacent windows, the feature of which is the security feature is verifiable with each zone of the verification element analyzer.

In one of the preferred embodiments of the document according to the invention, the zones of the verification element analyzer are divided into adjacent holographic zone and non-filter zone.

In another preferred embodiment of the document according to the invention, the zones of the verification element analyzer are adjacent in the form of two filter zones for viewing anaglyphs or stereograms. In a particularly preferred case, the two filter zones are in the form of interference filters or holographic filters.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the document according to the invention, the verification elements are arranged adjacent in the form of analyzer zones with holographic prisms for viewing chromastereoscopic images.

In a further preferred embodiment of the document according to the invention, the verification elements are arranged adjacent in the form of analyzer zones with polarizers for viewing polarization stereograms.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the document according to the invention, the zones of the verification element analyzer form a vectograph.

In another preferred embodiment, the document according to the invention is in the form of a banknote.

PL 208 128 B1

In yet another preferred embodiment, the document according to the invention is a passport having one side with a verification element formed by at least one window and another side with a security feature.

The solution to the above technical problem results from the features of the document according to the present invention. By including security features and verification means, such as detectors for verifying the security features on the document or in the document, it is achieved that no auxiliary means for checking the authenticity of the document are needed. For example, the authenticity of security features on a banknote can be checked, for example, by means of one or more transparent windows on the same banknote. The combination of security features and the verification system on the same banknote increases the security against counterfeiting, as the verification system can also be enhanced with security features. The front and back sides of the banknote can be used for authentication. By appropriately folding a banknote or any other document that is made according to the principles of the invention, or by placing several banknotes on top of each other, the security feature can be checked by making the security feature together with a verification system, e.g. a window, brought together. The verification element placed on the value document can be checked against the security features introduced in different places in the document.

In the passport, for example, two facing pages can be used to control a document. For this, one side may be provided with a verification element, for example a foil with a lens raster over part of the surface or over the entire surface, and the other side with the security feature to be analyzed may be provided with, for example, hidden visible raster structures. Authenticity is controlled by appropriately positioning one side on the other. The same can be used to check the authenticity of two banknotes, checks or two other documents that do not differ in design.

The decisive factor is the functionality of the window or windows integrated with the document. This does not substantially cause additional thickening of the document, since the detection means and the security feature on the document are disposed at different locations in the document and not on top of each other.

The particular design of the verification element as a detector / analyzer or also as a decoder in the form of one or more transparent windows, or also one window with several analyzer areas with detection elements, provides a variety of variants for authenticating a large number of possible security features.

The verification elements on one or one, or several or more windows, or in the areas of the window, are for the most part made of transparent, transparent material and are generally composed of the following groups:

1.The verification elements are formed by biconvex lenses, cylindrical lenses, swaying images, and mesh film devices creating a three-dimensional image that allow the visualization of optically encoded security features or printed structures that are contained in a transparent film or a transparent film. e.t.c.

The lenticular rasters mainly consist of cylindrical lenses of the same type which are arranged parallel to each other, most often at the same distance (e.g. 200 μm). The focus of this type of lens raster is usually adapted to the optical thickness of the transparent substrate material used.

These cylindrical lenses can be placed in a transparent material in several ways, e.g. in PVC films, for example by embossing with a suitable template, they can also be produced by casting the film in a suitable form, they can also be formed by extrusion in a film with the help of specially shaped mouthpieces of injection molding machines.

2. The verification elements are formed of Fresnel lenses or similar magnifying structures which make it possible to recognize very small print or graphics on the document.

3. The verification elements are formed by fine graphic structures, especially printed windows, incorporated not only on the foil but also on parts of the document.

The box creates a mask for "parallax - barrier display".

When placed on top of each other, the corresponding surfaces (window / security feature on the document) produce so-called moiré structures. Line rasters, or point rasters on a window, create with the corresponding line rasters or point rasters in the area

Moiré structure security features of the value document. The moiré structure created in this way is considered to be a characteristic security feature for a valuable document.

When the windows are arranged so that they lie on top of each other when the document is folded, in this case it can be achieved that accurate recordable structures are produced with a relative shift by changing the color or changing the pattern.

4. The verification elements are formed by a polarizing filter.

Two clear windows placed side by side or one window divided into two analyzer areas are advantageous.

The windows can be made as two polarizers for viewing polarizing three-dimensional images.

It can be achieved that at least one specially shaped window forms a "PolaroidVectograph".

In order to implement a contrast shield, the windows can be made intermediate between the permeable and the impermeable. Such structures can be realized in that "lambda-half" regions are introduced onto the linearly polarizing film, for example by means of appropriately oriented films of the correct thickness; bright and dark areas of an image are areas of a linear polarization and a variable horizontal and vertical polarization direction.

You can make windows that implement a clear color barrier according to the "color shutter" principle.

5. The window is designed as an interference filter or a color filter (transparent diffracting structures, Multilayer-Systeme - multilayer systems).

The transparent window is made as a holographic filter that reflects a narrow spectral range either analogously to laser protection glasses, or reveals a complex color in a different color, or causes the pure spectral color to disappear.

Such a filter is also suitable for two clear windows, and the verification window can be divided into a side by side holographic part and a non-filter part.

The windows are made as two color filters for viewing anaglyphs (three-dimensional images) or as prisms, preferably as gradient index prisms (possibly hyper-chromatic), for a three-dimensional color image.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention emerge from the dependent claims.

The subject of the invention in the embodiments of a banknote as a document of value is shown in the drawing, in which Fig. 1 shows a banknote with one window and one security feature, Fig. 2 - a window arrangement with two areas as a verification element on the banknote, schematically, Fig. 2a - arrangement of a window with two areas according to Fig. 2 for creating a "vectograph", schematically, Fig. 2b - arrangement of a window with two areas according to Fig. 2 for creating different patterns, in a schematic way, Fig. 2c - arrangement of a window with 2 to form a three-dimensional color image in a schematic manner, fig. 2d to form a window with two regions according to fig. 2 to form "lambda half" regions, schematically, fig. 3 - an arrangement of two adjacent windows with various verification elements schematically, fig. 4 schematically producing raster structures and fig. 5 a banknote with windows in the corner schematically.

According to the illustration in FIG. 1, a document of value is produced, e.g. a banknote 1 with a transparent window 2, which, by being provided with verification means, is used as a detector to verify the security feature in the area 3 of the note 1. The security feature is checked in the area 3 of the note 1 for example by placing both areas 2 and 3 on top of each other.

In the first embodiment, the window 2 in FIG. 2 is provided with a lenticular raster as a verification element. The positioning of the lenticular screen in the area of the window 2 and the corresponding printed screen as a security feature in the area 3 of the banknote 1 must be adjusted in such a way that the desired effects are visible when, by correspondingly positioning one on top of the other areas 2 and 3, for example by folding, they fit together.

The printed raster structures as security features in the area 3 can be produced by all printing methods used in security printing, especially in the letteret method, due to the high resolution required.

Fig. 4 shows an uncomplicated example for the production of "D" raster structures. By superimposing the lens raster in the window 2 and the lens raster 4 in the area 3, an easy-to-read image 7 of the letter "D" is produced in the viewer's eye.

PL 208 128 B1

Also, the printed line structures in combination with embossing, which show the so-called tilting effects (DE 23 34 702) and are most often produced by colored gravure printing, can be made visible by appropriate overlapping of the areas 2, 3 (Fig. 3) of the banknote 1, the area 2 must have a lens raster 2 to enhance the tilting effect.

The lenticular rasters are most often made of the same type of cylindrical lenses which are arranged parallel to each other, in particular with the same spacing of, for example, 200 μm.

These cylindrical lenses can be embedded in a transparent material, for example in PVC film, by various means, for example by casting the film in a hollow-carved belt or by extruding the lens raster with specially shaped injection molding mouthpieces, for example wide-slot nozzles. .

The cylindrical lenses can then be produced by embossing with a suitable pattern or by rolling the film between rolls with a suitable concave form.

Gradient index lenses can be made of bleached silver halide layers or of photopolymers.

In the second embodiment according to Fig. 1, the verification element in the window 2 of the banknote 1 is formed by Fresnel lenses or by similar optical magnifying structures that enable the recognition of very small writing or graphics in area 3 on the document 1 by appropriately positioning one area on top of the other. 2, 3. The very low thickness of the Fresnel lenses, with the simultaneous good magnification of the magnifying glass, for example five to ten times, is a decisive advantage for the integration with the base materials.

According to a third embodiment, the verification element in the window 2 of the banknote 1 in Fig. 1 is formed by fine line structures which are also provided on a part of the document 1 in the area 3. When the corresponding areas 2 and 3 of the document 1 are placed on top of each other, thanks to this is where the so-called moiré structures are produced. Examples of a mora pattern are described in German patents DE 28 19 640, DE 23 24 702, DE 26 03 558 and DE 36 02 563.

The verification element in window 2 may be a printed line screen or also a dot screen for the visual decryption method / encryption method in the banknote 1. In addition to printing fine dots and / or lines, it is also possible to punch or punch area 2 (window) of document 1, especially by a moiré pattern is also produced by means of correspondingly positioning the areas 2 and 3 of the banknote 1 on top of each other, for example by folding, by means of laser perforation. The area 3 of the banknote 1 can be a transparent material with a printed line screen, an opaque material with a printed line screen or also an area with suitable perforation, in particular laser perforation.

In a fourth embodiment, a polarizing filter on a transparent foil material, or most often in a transparent foil material, is integrated as a verification element in area 2, for example banknote 1, in combination with another, similarly shaped polarizing filter in area 3. The polarizing filter in area 3 is most often shaped perpendicular or parallel to the polarizing filter in area 2 and acts as an analyzer, also by correspondingly positioning areas 2 and 3 of banknote 1 on top of each other and rotating overlapping areas 2 and 3 relative to each other, optical transparency (light / dark) changes or changes.

A further embodiment is created by the fact that on one of the two polarizing filters in areas 2 and 3, an additional two-color (birefringent), graphically shaped layer is inserted, for example, by means of printing, sputtering, pouring and the like. on one another of the areas 2, 3 of the banknote 1 and the rotation of the overlapping areas 2 and 3 relative to each other, a graphic element, for example writing, is visible.

In a further embodiment variant, it is envisaged that one of the two polarizing filters is replaced by a reflecting layer, and a two-color, graphically formed layer is additionally provided on this reflecting layer. This birefringent transparent layer can be made primarily of a film containing liquid crystals. By correspondingly positioning the areas 2, 3 of the banknote 1 on top of each other, for example by folding and by rotating the overlying areas relative to each other, a graphic element, for example a writing, is visible.

For many verification effects, it is desirable to easily and quickly place two different types of verification elements above the security feature. This often makes it easier to see a change in the case of movement effects or color shutter effects. This facilitates the verification in cases where rotation of the verification element relative to the security feature is desired.

Such rotation with only one verification window 2 would be very impractical. In order to solve this problem, it is proposed to divide the inspection window 2 into two adjacent analyzer areas (Fig. 2, Fig. 2a, Fig. 2b, Fig. 2c, Fig. 2d) or a system of two adjacent windows 2 ( Fig. 3) with various verification elements.

Fig. 2c shows an embodiment of a window 2 as verification element in which on the banknote 1 as verification elements are arranged adjacent to each other at least two transparent analyzer areas 5, 6 as window 2. Analyzer areas 5, 6 are preferably designed as prisms. holographic, possibly as super-chromatic prisms for a so-called three-dimensional color image. The prisms are preferably made as thin foil gradient index prisms.

In the embodiment variant in FIG. 2a, it is provided that the at least two adjacent transparent analyzer areas 5, 6 in the window 2 are designed as a so-called "vectorograph". The "vectorograph" consists of two polyvinyl alcohol films laminated on top of each other to form a linear polarizing filter when printed with iodide inks. Both foils are positioned such that the front side in contact with the iodide ink shapes a vertical polarization, and the back side in contact with the iodide ink shapes a horizontal polarization (Fig. 2a, Fig. 2b). A first selected pattern, for example a square 10 (Fig. 2a, Fig. 2b) is printed on the front side of the foil and a second selected pattern, for example a star 11, for example a star 11 (Fig. 2a, Fig. 2b) is printed on the back side. . When viewing the stacked films with a line analyzer (window 2, area 5 in Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b) with the analyzer 5 positioned horizontally, a first pattern (square 10) appears and when analyzer 6 is positioned vertically, a second pattern (star 11). Color changes can be realized in the same way.

The verification window divided in this way with the analyzer areas 5, 6 allows to save the rotation of the window 2; window 2 is only sliding.

Similarly shaped areas 5, 6 for realizing the contrast shield may be formed between the permeable and the impermeable. Such structures can be realized due to the fact that on the linearly polarizing film 8 (Fig. 2d) so-called "lambda halves" (phase plates with a phase shift of 180 ° between the ordinary and the extraordinary radius) are arranged, for example due to appropriately aligned materials in form of a film of the correct thickness. In these areas, the direction of polarization is rotated 90 °. This effect is particularly impressive with patterns with a solid surface. Similarly shaped superstructures are used to implement a clear color barrier according to the so-called "color shutter" principle.

In a further embodiment of the verification element or elements, interference filters or color filters, generally transparent diffracting structures, Multilayer-System (multi-layer systems) are used in window 2 of banknote 1.

Interference filters or color filters are most often made of or consist of transparent materials in the form of films or of transparent materials in the form of films. For example, on a banknote 1 in area 2, the filters are integrated in combination with a colored graphic element in area 3. Due to the respective positioning of areas 2, 3 on top of each other of the banknote 1, a predetermined spectral range in the graphic element, e.g. a letter, is obscured or transmitted through the area. 2, so that a color impression is created different from the original color.

Not only dyed transparent materials can be used as interference filters or color filters, but also transparent materials, for example with vapor-deposited or sprayed on or printed with inks.

In a further embodiment variant, at least two transparent areas of the analyzer 5, 6 are arranged adjacent to each other, corresponding to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. These areas 5, 6 are designed as at least two color filters for viewing so-called anaglyphs (three-dimensional images), the anaglyphs are provided in the area 3 of the banknote 1. Due to the respective positioning of the areas 5, 6 and 3 on top of each other at a predetermined distance from each other, a stereoscopic impression is produced.

All the windows can be made in any form, in particular in the form which best suits the type of verification element selected, also in the form of a thread or, as shown in Fig. 5, in the form of a triangle.

The windows can be formed anywhere in the document, also in the corner of the document, as for example shown in Fig. 5; they only need to meet the condition that the security features and verification elements are verified. The security features can be brought to 8

For working connection, for example by folding, twisting, stacking one or more documents.

One on top of the other can be in direct contact or in some cases also in a distance between the security feature and the verification element.

List of reference symbols:

value document / banknote area (window / verifier) area (security feature) line raster analyzer area analyzer area image polarizing foil area "lambda half" square star

Claims (9)

1. A security document or value document with security features and with a verification element for verifying a security feature, where at different places in the document at least one verification element is integrated with one or more security features verifiable by this verification element, the verification element and the security feature being the security feature is superimposed by folding only during verification, characterized in that the at least two verification elements (2) are formed by adjacent analyzer zones having at least one transparent area and arranged next to each other in one window or at least at least two adjacent adjacent windows, the security feature (3) being verifiable by each of the zones (5, 6) of the verification element analyzer (2). 2. The security document or value document according to claim 1, characterized in that the zones of the verification element analyzer (2) are divided into adjacent holographic zones and non-filtering zones (5, 6). 3. The security document or value document according to claim 1, characterized in that the zones of the verification element analyzer (2) are adjacent in the form of two filter zones (5, 6) for viewing anaglyphs or stereograms. 4. The security document or value document according to claim 3, characterized in that the two filter zones are in the form of interference filters or holographic filters. 5. The security document or value document according to claim 1, characterized in that the verification elements (2) are arranged adjacent in the form of analyzer zones (5, 6) with holographic prisms for viewing chromastereoscopic images. The security document or value document according to claim 1, characterized in that the verification elements (2) are arranged adjacent in the form of zones (5, 6) of an analyzer with polarizers for viewing polarization stereograms. The security document or value document according to claim 1, characterized in that the zones (5, 6) of the verification element analyzer (2) form a vectograph. A security document or value document according to claim 1, characterized in that it is in the form of a banknote. A security document or value document according to claim 1, characterized in that it is a passport having one side containing a verification element (2) formed by at least one window and another side having the security feature (3).