LT6101B - Shellow river flow kinetic energy conversion method and mobile power plant - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of energy production. Shallow river flow kinetic energy conversion method is based on the hydraulic engine element dynamic interaction with the flow of water. Energy is taken from flow through the surface, on which is placed a tape moving at a lower rate than the speed of flow and energy is converted to mechanical energy of scroll bar motion. Mobile water plant consists of a cylindrical housing (1), which rotates on an axis (2). Cylindrical body is surrounded by a working band (3), which has artificial anisotropic roughness elements (4). To inner rotating cylindrical body (1) wall are mounted electric generator inductor coils (5) and the anchor of the coil (6) attached to a stationary shaft (2). A cylindrical housing (1) at both ends is closed with discs (7), inside of it is the frequency converter (8) and bearings (9) and seals (10) are placed at the ends. Electrical wires (11) are pushed through a hole (12) in axis. Two brackets (13) with the holes at the ends are mounted on mentioned axis. Rope (14) is pushed through mentioned holes for fixing plant to poles (15). Power plant floating in the water flow on the surface (16) with no contact with the river bottom (17) and the coast (18).

Description

The invention relates to the field of energy production, in particular to methods and devices for the production and conversion of shallow river kinetic energy to electricity.

There is a known way to capture and convert the kinetic energy of a water stream into rotary motion mechanical energy using rotary motion hydraulic machines, commonly referred to as turbines (see Renevable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 12 (2008), 2177-2193). All of them are based on the phenomenon of dynamic interaction between water flow and turbine blades, which is described by the Boolean and motion quantity equations. Even when the Magnus effect is used (see patent LT 5477) and the machine has no blades and its working element is one or more rotating cylinders, the same Boolean and motion quantity equations are used to calculate them. Due to the large dimensions of the turbine impellers, they require a great depth of flow, which makes the turbines unsuitable for taking and converting the kinetic energy of shallow rivers.

A known mobile hydroelectric power plant with a vertical turbine to utilize flow kinetic energy. Its turbines are water wheels with vertical shafts. Their blades stop the flow and take away part of its kinetic energy (see LT 5211 B, F03B 13 / 10,2005).

The power plant, which is considered mobile, can be moved to another location, but along with pontoons, it is bulky, heavy, and relocation is a complex and laborious process. Due to the vertical position of the water wheel axis, the power plant can only be installed in a shallow river. Its wheels scare aquatic animals and affect the environment.

A known method and device is described in the article by J. Navasaitis and N. Ždankaus Utilization of Water Energy in Iron Metallurgy in Lithuania. Development of technical sciences in Lithuania. Proceedings of the Conference of Historians of Science. Vilnius: Technika, 1998. pp. 73 - 77. This is a bottom water wheel with a horizontal shaft. The flat blades between the two plate discs, which are injected into the flow of water, are subjected to the forces of its hydrodynamic pressure, stop the flow and draw kinetic energy from it.

It is bulky and heavy and, as a rule, used in stationary conditions. Once installed on a raft or boat, it can be towed or transported, but requires special transport, lifting gear, and time and money.

There is known a device for collecting and converting kinetic energy of water flow, the working element of which is a rotatable impeller with blades and a horizontal axis (see U.S. Patent No. 4,383,797, 1983). Each blade consists of two parts, between which the hinge is mounted. When the blade makes a working motion (as it moves in the direction of water flow), it accepts the hydrodynamic flow pressure over the entire area. During reversing (when the blade moves against the direction of flow of water) the blade is bent, which reduces its resistance, hydraulic power loss and increases the efficiency. Friction assemblies can become contaminated and the blade bending process may be impaired, reducing the reliability of the unit. Mechanical friction causes energy losses in the joints, which reduces the efficiency. The impeller diameter is quite large, so shallow river is not suitable for this type of plant.

Known according to U.S. Patent No. 2009 / 0194997AI, published May 15, 2012, a Darius type water wheel type turbine with horizontal shaft. Its impeller has sophisticated blades, which makes the turbine expensive. Due to the special design of the impeller, it has a relatively large diameter and is therefore not suitable for mobile hydropower plants. In addition, the operation of such a turbine requires a relatively large flow depth.

The closest analogue, adopted by us as a prototype, is a mobile running water power plant with a floating catamaran hull, an underwater conveyor-shaped turbine, the conveyor of which has two parallel shafts and interconnected transmission elements that are rigidly mounted on the shafts, the conveyor branches into the idle branch, overlapping each other, an electric generator coupled via a turbine driven mechanical drive, and anchoring means. The turbine is inside the housing and its conveyor shafts are in a horizontal position, the housing facing upstream and having a front hood with a cut-off funnel and enclosing the rotating blades at such a distance that the blades descend from idle to working position from where the hood height is selected such as to obstruct the blades from being exposed to the jet of water as they occupy a horizontal position in the idle branch. The power plant operates as follows. The power plant is anchored to the flowing water. The current flowing pushes the blades which convert the flow energy into mechanical energy of the sliding motion, which is converted by circuits and asterisks into the rotational energy of the electric generator (see LT 5791 B F03B 9 / 00,2011).

The power plant is complex because it has many moving elements and friction assemblies, which makes it unreliable. Almost all of the river's flow energy is consumed to overcome friction at the nodes. Due to its large dimensions, the power plant overflows the river, and due to its significant relative weight, the power plant is difficult to transport. The noisy operation of the power plant scares aquatic animals and affects the environment.

The object of the invention is to provide a method for utilizing the kinetic energy of a shallow river stream and a small, light, simple and reliable, environmentally friendly mobile hydropower plant.

The object of the present invention is achieved by the fact that in a shallow river flow kinetic energy conversion method based on the principle of dynamic interaction of the hydraulic motor operating element with water flow, energy is taken from the flow through its surface, on which it lays a band moving at lower flow rate mechanical energy of sliding motion.

The object of the invention is also achieved by the fact that in a mobile hydroelectric power plant for the implementation of a shallow river flow kinetic energy conversion method consisting of mechanical and electrical equipment, the mechanical equipment consists of a cylindrical body enclosed by a working band. In addition, the strap is a hydraulic motor operating element and a mechanical drive endless belt, which is made of a lightweight, flexible material, has a loop length of three to five straps and has an outer surface covered with artificial roughness elements. Also, the cylindrical casing is a mechanical drive pulley and the base of a mobile inductor of an electric generator. In addition, the artificial roughness elements of the working band consist of narrow flexible strips, one end of which is connected to the working band and the other free and leaning as the band moves in the direction of flow and fits as it moves upstream.

The invention is illustrated by the following figures.

Fig. Longitudinal vertical section diagram of the power plant depicted in the river.

Fig. Schematic diagram of power plants in the plan.

Fig. Longitudinal section of the power plant.

Fig. Transverse section diagram of the power plant.

The power plant consists of a cylindrical body 1 which rotates on an axis 2. The cylindrical body 1 is enclosed by a working band 3 having elements of artificial anisotropic roughness.

4. Electric generator inductor 5 mounted on inner wall of rotating cylindrical body 1 and anchor coil 6 mounted on fixed axis

2. The cylindrical body 1 is closed at both ends by discs 7, has a frequency converter 8 inside, and bearings 9 and seals 10 at the ends. The electrical wires 11 are routed through a hole 12 in the axis.

At its ends, two brackets 13 are provided with apertures in the ends through which a rope 14 is pulled to attach the power plant to the poles 15. The power plant floats on the surface of the water flow 16 without contact with the river bottom 17 and the banks 18.

The essence of the kinetic energy conversion method for shallow river flow is as follows. On the free surface of the flow is laid a coarse, elastic infinite band 3, which is drawn by the flow in the direction of the current. As the belt 3 moves, the lower part moves away from the power plant and the upper one returns to it. The force at which the belt 3 is drawn, multiplied by the speed of movement of the belt, gives the amount of power that such a hydraulic motor produces. The method is suitable for any depth, even a shallow river. It is simple, effective, insensitive to flow pollution by aquatic plant residues and sediment, and has no impact on the river or its environment.

The mobile hydroelectric power plant for the conversion of shallow river flow kinetic energy has only two moving elements: tape 3 and cylindrical body 1, and five friction nodes: tape 3 and cylindrical body 1 contact unit, two bearings 9 and two seals 10. Due to low moving elements and friction the node number device is simple and reliable. It is insensitive to river flow pollution by aquatic plant remains and sediments. Its main elements perform several functions: bar 3 - hydraulic motor and drive belt; cylindrical housing 1 - power housing, drive pulley and electrical generator conductor base; Axis 2 - Axis and generator anchor base. These features make the plant lightweight, compact and mobile.

The power plant is transported in a tray with removable brackets and a tape wrapped around the housing. The power plant shall be constructed in the workplace as follows. The location is selected on a stream or stretch of river where the flow is fastest and the furrow is straight. Two poles shall be forged on shores or in the furrow itself. Brackets 13 are connected to the power plant, and a rope 14 is tucked into their holes. When the tape 3 is placed on the power unit housing 1, its ends are joined. Tape 3 is lowered into the water. As the strap 3 moves and the cylindrical body 1 rotates, the ends of the rope 14 at the poles are adjusted so that the strap 3 does not slip from the cylindrical body 1 to the side and the cylindrical body 1 contacts the water flow surface.

It takes 15 to 45 minutes to build the power plant. It takes about the same time to remove it and prepare it for transportation. The power plant and its belt lie on the surface of the water, so that no interference with the flow of water occurs during operation and only slightly reduces its speed. As a result, the power plant's impact on fish and other aquatic animals is minimal, and the river's flow energy is taken with minimal environmental impact.

Claims (5)

Definition of the Invention 1. Method of conversion of kinetic energy of a shallow river stream based on the principle of dynamic interaction of the hydraulic motor operating element with the water flow, characterized in that energy is taken from the flow through its surface, on which it lays a band moving at a lower flow velocity the mechanical energy of the sliding motion of the strap. 2. A mobile hydropower plant for implementing a method of converting a kinetic energy of a shallow river stream, consisting of mechanical and electrical equipment, characterized in that the mechanical equipment consists of a cylindrical body enclosed by a working band, and the electrical equipment consists of a generator and a frequency converter. 3. A mobile hydropower plant according to claim 2, characterized in that the working belt is a working element of a hydraulic motor and an endless belt of a mechanical transmission made of a lightweight, flexible material having a loop length of three to five strips and an outer surface. coated with artificial roughness elements. 4. A mobile hydropower plant according to claim 2, characterized in that its cylindrical body is a pulley of mechanical drive and a base of a mobile inductor of an electric generator. 5. Power plant according to claim 2, 3, characterized in that the artificial roughness elements of the working belt consist of narrow flexible strips, one end of which is connected to the belt and the other is free and leaning as the belt moves in the flow direction and fits as it moves. upstream.