KR960002379B1 - A form-less style working method and a structure apparatus for underground constructions - Google Patents

Abstract

The device includes support posts(3) driven through vertical tunnels(2) to hold a lift type concrete form support plate(4) on which forms(9, 10) are installed for piping and concrete filling, and the lift plate(4) mores up and down with chains engaged with gears(7, 7') to hold forms at desired height for concrete pouring for the structure.

Description

Underground casting unsupported underground structure construction device and construction method using the same

Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an example of the construction of underground structures using the present invention.

2 is a plan view of the support column.

3 is a front view of the same.

4 is a plan view of the mold rest.

5 is a front view of the mold rest.

6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I of FIG.

7 is a plan view of the support column and the mold support.

8 is another embodiment of the mold support.

9 is a construction example showing the intermediate basement formation process.

10 is an exemplary view showing a construction completed by the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: underground continuous wall 2: vertical shaft

3: support pillar 4: mold support

5: lifting device 6: chain

7,7 ': Chain gear 31: Chain hanger

41: chain groove 42: key

43: key groove 51: chain groove

The present invention relates to an apparatus for constructing an underground unsupported underground structure and a method for constructing an underground structure using the same, which are applied to a deep underground construction in a city that needs to adopt a reverse casting method. In addition to improving postural stability, lifting and political stability of the mold support when it is fixed at a fixed floor location for building and floor construction, a series of works including the installation of floor reinforcement formwork, floor, demolition of formwork after rehabilitation, and descent of form supporters The present invention relates to a device for constructing a reverse casting unsupported underground structure and a new construction method using the same.

In the construction of underground structures that require large-scale and deep underground excavation in urban areas, the existing temporary earthwork methods often raise civil complaints due to surrounding hazards. Therefore, in recent years, there have been many cases of employing the partial reverse casting method. Reverse casting method means to assemble concrete by installing reinforcing frame and supporting reinforcing bar at the site after gulting each floor of underground part.

In the conventional reverse casting method, when the concrete works of the underground part are assembled at each time, the site support and the mold are assembled and the reinforcement and concrete are placed. Therefore, the support on the soft ground is unstable and the concrete strength of the upper floor is not maintained above a certain level. If it is not dismantled, it will not be possible to dig the floor downstairs after the dismantling. Moreover, it will be complicated to carry out the repetitive work such as carrying out the groundwork and the form material to the upper floor and moving it back to the lower floor after the installation. In addition, the cost of construction is high, and there are problems causing process delays. Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 63-312438 and 63-312439 are issued.

These prior art is to assemble the slab and the formwork on the ground between the support pillars built underground, after the completion of the first floor break, and to hang freely from the support pillar, and to hang the slab and the formwork on the ground floor Hung up to the floor of the floor and installed in each support pillar, and cast the floor beam and concrete concrete on the first floor on the mold, and then the slab and the mold after the second floor breaker, the floor of the first floor It is supposed to repeat the method of lowering the floor and installing it in each support column and placing the concrete floor concrete on the basement floor on the frame.

However, this prior art also has a problem. In other words, it is difficult to follow-up work by installing and supporting the device supporting the mold support on the top of each support pillar and obstructing the operator's view during construction, and also the ground floor which is characteristic of other concrete work on the ground, such as reverse casting method. It is pointed out that the biggest problem is to hinder the simultaneous progress of concrete work and underground concrete work.

In addition, it is not an easy process to install the resettlement edges by re-stretching the mold supporter every time the floor is laid down and removing the settling edge and then lowering it.

Furthermore, for basement slabs that have already been built or will be constructed, there must be a hole for the strands to penetrate and protect around each support column, which in practice was not cumbersome and completed the construction of the bottom layer. Later, after withdrawing the mold support and retrieving the PC strands, it was a hassle to fill these PC strand holes.

In addition, as the number of basement floors and the mold support are heavy and large, PC strands are more prominent. Therefore, the upper adjustment work related to the mold support, such as horizontal positioning of the mold support and correcting the position of the mold support, is difficult due to the disturbance of the operator's view. It was also made larger.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide the maneuverability for leveling and moving between floors by ensuring the simplicity of installation of the mold support and the free lifting on the support pillar while eliminating the hanging device by PC strands in the construction of the reversal underground structure. By improving the efficiency of the underground structure construction work by the reverse casting method, and to provide a method and method for building a underground unsupported underground structure that can proceed at the same time the ground layer relief construction work.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an inverse casting underground structure construction device and a construction method using the same, in which a lifting device for a frame pedestal can be exposed to the ground without obstacles, further shortening the air, and also increasing the cost reduction effect. will be.

The present invention for achieving the above object is to install a chain along each longitudinal direction of the circumference at an angle equal to the circumference in the support pillar to be built in the vertical shaft drilled in the ground and the elevating device is mounted on each corner of the square frame support Drive device that can be freely lifted and lowered along the chain by electric indication signal applied from the outside by engaging with the chain, and underground construction by carrying out underground excavation and floor concrete casting while descending one by one using this device It is about the new construction method to build.

The mold support is a unit for applying one mold support to four support pillars arranged in a magnetic shape. Therefore, the chain is installed longitudinally on the outer surface where the circumference of the support column is divided into four, and the individual support columns are driven so that the chain is placed in a diagonal direction, and the lifting device mounted under the four corners of one mold support per unit support pillar is At the same time it engages each chain, allowing you to ride up and down.

On one floor of the underground structure, several mold holders can be used simultaneously. For example, at least 12 mold holders are mobilized in the case of mounting the supporting columns of four horizontal and five vertical columns. In the case of using a plurality of mold supports equivalent to one floor, the mold support is pulled to remove the formwork and install the floor and formwork for the lower floor after finishing the casting of the floor and beam concrete for one floor. This is because the mold holders can be lowered at the same time as they are being lowered, or the mold holders are united so that they can be pulled out individually or in pairs. This is the main feature and advantage of the present invention.

In addition, the concrete construction of the ground layer is also made of a structure that can fully utilize the features of the reverse casting method that can proceed simultaneously.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the Example which showed this invention is described.

1 shows an example of a method for constructing a reverse casting underground structure. In this figure, underground continuous walls (1) serving as support shafts are pre-installed on the outer periphery of the ground on which the underground structures are to be constructed, and vertical shafts (2) for driving support pillars are installed in the inner underground of the continuous walls (1). After drilling, the supporting pillars 3 are fixed to each vertical shaft 2.

These vertical shafts 2 are perforated in a magnetic shape when viewed from above, and thus the support pillars 3 are also planted and mounted in a magnetic shape. Support pillar (3) is to operate by installing the mold support 4 of the present invention.

2 and 3 show the support pillar 3. A plurality of chain hooks 31 are attached to the upper ends of the support pillars 3 to fix the upper ends of the plurality of chains 6. These chain hangers 31 are usually attached to four, the attachment position is the upper outer surface of the support pillar (3), more specifically, the circumference is divided into four quarters on the outer surface. This is the case of support pillars embedded in the ground area for the construction of underground structures, and in the case of corner support pillars, two units are perpendicular to each other. use.

In addition, the support column 3 is preferably a round steel pipe. This is because the maximum cross-sectional area can be secured in the first vertical shaft 2.

The mold support 4 is configured to have a size slightly smaller than the square plane space of the four support pillars 3 so as to prevent unnecessary collisions or interferences between adjacent mold supports when the floor is moved up and down. It is easy to secure a space to install a formwork for beam construction separately between the adjacent mold support (4).

At the bottom of the mold support 4, a lifting device 5 is mounted at each corner, and the lifting device 5 spans the chain 6. These hoisting devices can be secured by constructing a structure that can be lifted freely by directly operating while observing from the bottom of the basement which is bundled and excavated individually or simultaneously or two by one.

An example of the lifting device 5 is shown in FIG. In this figure, the chain 6 passes through the chain gears 7 and 7 'of the elevating device 5 in an S-shape, and the elevating device 5 is a direction in which the drive side chain gear 7 is rotated. As you climb or descend the chain (6). The lifting device 5 and the chain 6 are lifting devices for the mold support 4 according to the present invention. The elevating device 5 may be a manual chain block improved by the person.

This lifting device 5 also has a number of installations depending on the position where the support pillar 3 is arranged. For example, in the case of the elevating device 5 of the support pillar for the corner side and the frame support 4 for the intermediate support pillar located on the edge between the corner and the corner, two in the perpendicular direction, and the inner support pillar for the inner peripheral surface 4 One lifting device 5 is attached to each equal place.

In addition, when the support pillar 3 is actually installed in the ground, the chain hanger 31 and the elevating device 5 are placed on the same side diagonally so that at least one to four mold holders 4 are supported per one support pillar. To be elevated (Fig. 7).

The chain 6 has at least a length equal to the overall length of the support pillar 3. Thus, the mold rest 4 can be safely suspended until the lowest floor is constructed.

8 shows another embodiment of the mold support 4, and when the plurality of mold support 4 is disposed in the horizontal direction, a structure for effectively preventing the form support 4 adjacent to each other from swinging laterally is provided. In the case of having a modified embodiment, the key 42 and the key groove 43 are selectively formed on a single virtual arc from the vertex P at all sides, and the magnetic side key 42 is the key groove of the other mold support 4a. The key 42 'of another mold holder 4b is loosely inserted from the top of each other at 43' and on the magnetic side key groove 43 so that the adjacent mold holders support each other. In this way, the arrangement of the mold support 4 is more stable and brings about the result of the construction of high quality concrete.

Next, a method of constructing an underground structure using the construction apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 9, and 10.

The underground continuous wall (1) is constructed around the place where the underground structure is constructed, and the vertical shaft (2) is drilled in the inner ground of the underground continuous wall (1) using a perforator. Each vertical shaft (2) is fixed by driving a support pillar (3) to which a chain hook (31) is attached.

Then, the concrete 8 for fixing reinforcement is poured into the lower end of the support pillar 3 to be reinforced. Subsequently, the excavator is first excavated and the mold support 4 is installed on the support pillar 3. In the figure, symbol E1 denotes the primary excavation ground.

Installation instructions of the mold support 4 are as follows. Four support pillars (3) arranged in a magnetic shape are used as a type 1 support frame unit. Assemble the mold support on the primary excavation ground (E1) for each unit, and chain for each chain hanger (31) of the support pillar (3). (6) Hook the top to fix it. These chains 6 are mounted on the chain gears 7 and 7 'installed in each of the elevating devices 5 of the mold rest 4, as shown in FIG. Finish the preliminary installation of the mold support (4).

Subsequently, check whether there is an abnormality of the elevating function through the test operation, and the mold support 4 is operated by the elevating device 5 to be raised to the first basement level F ₁ and fixed in that state.

Subsequently, the beam construction formwork 10 is secondly installed between the floor construction formwork and beam construction formwork 9 and each floor formwork 9 on the mold support 4, and then necessary work such as reinforcement and wiring pipe. After finishing, the concrete is poured and cured.

Here, the elevating device 5 may be configured to synchronize with the one mounted on the unit frame support 4, or may be installed so that it can be elevated in succession. In other words, it is possible to configure only one mold holder (4) to operate independently (in the case of a manual lift unit), or to divide the adjacent ones into several groups at once, or to operate all the mold holders (4) simultaneously. In the case of an electric hoist. The lifting operation of the mold support 4 can be conveniently constructed in accordance with the height and inclination of the floor and beams by appropriately selecting at that time according to the design of the underground structure.

Without having to do with the one before the concrete hardens, the placement is not at the same time or immediately after curing of the concrete casting poured in the first basement (F ₁₎ can be immediately entered the second drilling operations. This saves time and manpower. (Fig. 9) E ₂ indicates the excavated ground installed at this time.

At the same time as the concrete curing of the _first basement floor (F ₁ ) and the second excavation work that have been completely poured, this time, the lifting device (5) is reversed to move the mold rest (4) to the second floor of the basement (F _2). Down to fix it. In addition, when constructing pillars or partial walls of the first basement and the second basement, the concrete hardening shrinkage joint and expansion joint created between the first basement concrete and the newly constructed underground second floor concrete can be easily solved by mortar filling method. have.

The floor formwork (9), which is primarily assembled from the formwork (11,12) used to store the _first basement (F ₁ ) slabs and beams, is fixed to the form support (4) so that the form support (4) descends. It is not necessary to install the primary formwork for the basement 2nd floor as separate work because it comes down together. However, only the secondary beam construction formwork 10 may be attached to the beam on the ground floor. Clean and reassemble after use. The 1st and 2nd separation method promotes mold demoulding and smooth mold.

Assemble and install the formwork (9,10) for building the basement 2 floor, reinforce it, and pour concrete after piping to cure. At this time, the excavation work on the 3rd basement is also carried out at the same time, and after that, it is repeated in the same way as above and the construction is made up to the upper level of the final underground layer, and the final excavation is performed on the bottom layer, and finally on the excavation ground (En). The foundation concrete 11 is poured and other subsequent work is finished (figure 10).

10 illustrates a case where the stepped floor is provided even in the same basement floor. Such construction can only be implemented by the present invention. This is because the mold support 4 is made stand-alone. It is hardly possible with a conventional mold holder made of a cylinder.

According to the present invention as described above, the support pillars are placed vertically in the ground, and the support pillars supporting the floor and the formwork for supporting beams are laid down to the desired basement, and the lower floors are prepared together with the reinforcement and concrete pouring after piping. Repeating the ground excavation method to build underground structures one by one, the hanging mechanism for lifting the mold rest on the top of the support pillar, the PC tension tensioner and the installation space are completely excluded, It is more convenient and safer to protect, and it is convenient to perform simultaneous ground floor construction because it does not expose the ground structure construction device to the ground and thus does not become a barrier to the ground floor construction work.

In addition, in the construction of underground structures, the mold support for supporting the floor and the structure for building the beam is subdivided into several units. Therefore, when the slabs and beams are constructed while going down, the form support is removed and laid down one by one after concrete curing. This is easy and simple.

In addition, the height and inclination of each mold rest can be adjusted freely, and inclined slabs and beams can be easily constructed. As a result, the ground and underground simultaneous three-dimensional work complemented by the conventional reversal underground construction method can not only accelerate the air much more, but also reduce the azeotropic effect and lower the formwork in areas where workers' safety is guaranteed. As it can work on observation and operation of demoulding state which is work, sure construction property is ensured.

Claims (3)

A support pillar (3) is fixed to the vertical shaft (2) drilled in the inner ground of the underground continuous wall (1), and a free lifting type mold support (4) is installed between these support pillars (3). ) To the desired basement height and temporarily fixed, and then install the floor and beam construction formwork (9, 10) on it, and then cast and cure concrete after piping, the support pillar ( Attach the chain hanger 31 to the upper outer peripheral surface of 3) to hang the chain (6), and the mold support (4) is slightly smaller than the four-sided flat area drawn by the four support pillars (3) to form a stand-alone At the same time, the elevating device 5 is mounted at the bottom edge of each mold support 4, and the chain gears 7 and 7 'of each elevating device 5 surround the chain 6, and the elevating device (5) to move the mold support (4) on the support pillar (3) and repeat Wherein configured so that can hold up to build the basement floor and beam formwork for casting unsupported Station underground structures to build the device. The apparatus for constructing a reverse casting non-supporting basement structure according to claim 1, wherein the support column (3) is a circular steel pipe. Perforate the vertical shaft in the inner base of the underground continuous wall, insert the supporting pillar into the vertical shaft, settle and reinforce it with the foundation concrete, install the free lifting mold support between the supporting pillars, and lower the mold support to the desired basement height. After fixing it temporarily, install the floor and the supporting structure form on it, and reinforcement and piping, and then pour concrete, cure, etc., and excavate the lower ground, and after the concrete curing of the upper floor, In the reverse casting method of repeatedly constructing the underground structure by repeatedly lowering and fixing it to the lowest basement floor, a plurality of chains are radially hanged on the support column, and the chain is wound on the lifting device of the mold support. Pull up the mold support together with the lifting device It is lowering its value and on the reinforcement, plumbing and concrete, building underground structures as a way to cure ignorance and at the same time casting station, characterized in that allows you to build a parallel beam construction ground structure built underground structure method.