KR930006111B1 - Method of clading - Google Patents
Method of clading Download PDFInfo
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- KR930006111B1 KR930006111B1 KR1019900022640A KR900022640A KR930006111B1 KR 930006111 B1 KR930006111 B1 KR 930006111B1 KR 1019900022640 A KR1019900022640 A KR 1019900022640A KR 900022640 A KR900022640 A KR 900022640A KR 930006111 B1 KR930006111 B1 KR 930006111B1
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- steel
- clad
- stainless
- stainless steel
- carbon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/04—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of a rolling mill
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
제1도는 본 발명의 방법에 따르는 일실시예를 나타내는 종단면도.1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment according to the method of the present invention.
제2도는 본 발명에 의해 제조된 강 및 종래의 방법에 의해 제조된 강의 계면 조직을 나타내는 현미경사진.2 is a micrograph showing the interfacial structure of a steel produced by the present invention and a steel produced by a conventional method.
* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings
1 : 모재(탄소강) 2 : 크래드재(스테인레스강)1: Base material (carbon steel) 2: Clad material (stainless steel)
3 : Ni분말 용사도금층3: Ni powder spray coating layer
본 발명은 화학용기 등에 사용되는 스테인레스 크래드(Stainless clad)강의 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세히는, 모재인 탄소강과 크래드재인 스테인레스강 사이의 중간재로서 Ni막을 삽입하여 스테인레스 크래드강을 제조하는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing stainless clad steel used in chemical containers and the like, and more particularly, to prepare stainless clad steel by inserting a Ni film as an intermediate material between carbon steel as a base material and stainless steel as a clad material. It is about a method.
일반적으로, 스테인레스 크래드강은 탄소강과 스테인레스강을 열간압연으로 접합하여 제조하는바, 열처리시 접합면 근방에서 모재의 탄소가 크래드(Clad)재로 확산되며, 이러한 확산된 탄소는 접합부 근방의 스텐레스강의 탄소함유량을 높여 냉각중에 크래드재 계면부위에서 Cr-카바이드(Carbide)를 형성시켜 접합면을 취약하게 하고, 유효 크래드재의 두께를 감소시키는 문제가 대두되고 있다.In general, stainless clad steel is manufactured by joining carbon steel and stainless steel by hot rolling. When heat treatment, carbon of the base material diffuses into the clad material near the joint surface, and the diffused carbon is made of stainless steel near the joint. Increasing the carbon content of the steel to form a Cr-carbide (Carbide) at the interface of the cladding material during cooling to weaken the joint surface and to reduce the thickness of the effective cladding material.
상기 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 스테인레스강과 탄소강 사이에 Ni중간재를 삽입하는데, 종래에는 스테인레스강과 탄소강을 접합하기 전 스테인레스강의 접합예정면에 Ni전기도금을 하거나 Ni쉬트(Sheet)를 삽입하였다. 그러나, 상기 Ni전기도금법은 슬랩팩(Slap pack)을 조립하기전 스테인레스강의 접합예정면에 Ni을 전기도금하는 것으로 그공정이 어려울 뿐만아니라 설비비 및 도금비가 많이들며, 도금시간이 장시간 소요되기 때문에 실제 스테인레스 크래드강의 대량생산에는 불리한 문제점이 있으며, 상기 Ni쉬트(Sheet) 삽입법은 슬랩팩 제조시 모재와 크래드재 사이에 얇은 Ni쉬트를 삽입하는 것으로, 먼저 제조하고자 하는 스테인레스 크래드강의 슬랩팩의 크기에 맞는 Ni쉬트를 준비하여야 하며, 이러한 쉬트는 상당히 높은 제조비가 소요되는 문제점이 있다.In order to solve the above problem, Ni intermediate material is inserted between stainless steel and carbon steel. In the prior art, Ni electroplating or a Ni sheet was inserted before a stainless steel and carbon steel were joined. However, the Ni electroplating method is an electroplating of Ni to the joining surface of the stainless steel before assembling the slap pack, the process is difficult, as well as a lot of equipment cost and plating cost, and takes a long time for plating, There is a disadvantage in mass production of stainless clad steel, the Ni sheet inserting method is to insert a thin Ni sheet between the base material and the cladding material when manufacturing the slab pack, the first slab slab pack of stainless steel to be manufactured To prepare a Ni sheet suitable for the size of the, such a sheet has a problem that takes a fairly high manufacturing cost.
이에 본 발명의 목적은 상기 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로, 종래의 어렵고 값비싼 Ni 전기도금이나 쉬트를 삽입 하지 않고 보다 단순하고 보다 경제적인 방법으로 단시간에 Ni을 스테인레스강의 접합예정면에 도금시켜 우수한 접합 강도를 얻을수 있을 뿐만아니라 스테인레스 크래드강의 탄소 확산을 방지할 수 있는 스테인레스 크래드강의 제조방법을 제공하고자 하는데 있다.Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and excellent plating is achieved by plating Ni on stainless steel in a short time in a simpler and more economical manner without inserting conventional difficult and expensive Ni electroplating or sheets. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing stainless clad steel that can obtain strength and prevent carbon diffusion of stainless clad steel.
이하, 본 발명에 대하여 상세히 설명한다.EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, this invention is demonstrated in detail.
본 발명은 모재인 일반탄소강과 크래드재인 스테인레스강 사이에 중간재로서 Ni막을 형성한 다음, 모재와 크래드재를 열간압연으로 접합한 후, 열처리하여 스테인레스 크래드 강을 제조하는 방법에 있어서, 상기 중간재인 Ni막이 45㎛ 이하의 입도크기를 갖는 Ni분말을, 프라즈마 스프레이어(plasma sprayer)로 크래드재인 스테인레스강의 접합예정면에 100-300㎛의 두께로 용사분사도금함으로써 형성되는 스테인레스 크래드강의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention forms a Ni film as an intermediate material between ordinary carbon steel as a base material and stainless steel as a clad material, and then joins the base material and the clad material by hot rolling, and then heat-treats the method to produce the stainless clad steel. Ni-clad stainless steel is formed by spray-spraying a Ni powder having a particle size of 45 µm or less on a surface to be joined to a stainless steel, which is a cladding material, by a plasma sprayer. It relates to a manufacturing method.
상기 중간재인 Ni 용사분사도금막(층)은 모재인 탄소강에서 크래드 재인 스테인레스강으로의 탄소확산을 방지하는 역할을 하는 것으로서, 그 초기 두께의 최저치 100㎛는 도금층이 압연후에도 30㎛ 이상의 두께를 유지하여 크래드재로의 탄소확산을 충분히 저지시킬 수 있도록 하기 위한 것이며, 최대두께 300㎛는 용사도금시 스테인레스강과 도금층의 박리를 방지하고 경제성을 기하기 위함이다.The intermediate sprayed Ni coating layer (layer) serves to prevent carbon diffusion from the carbon steel as the base material to the stainless steel as the clad material, the minimum thickness of the initial thickness of 100㎛ has a thickness of 30㎛ or more even after the plating layer is rolled It is to maintain the carbon diffusion to the cladding material sufficiently to maintain, and the maximum thickness of 300㎛ is to prevent the separation of the stainless steel and the plating layer during thermal spraying and economical.
또한 일반적으로 스테인레스 크래드강의 접합강도는 접합예정면의 표면조도에 영향을 받는데, 통상 접합예정면의 표면조도가 30㎛ 이상되면 접합강도가 저하하게 된다.In general, the bonding strength of stainless clad steel is influenced by the surface roughness of the surface to be joined. If the surface roughness of the surface to be joined is usually 30 µm or more, the bonding strength is lowered.
따라서 본 발명에서는 용사도금층의 표면조도가 30㎛ 근방을 초과하지 않도록 Ni분말의 입도 크기를 45㎛ 이하로 제한 한것이다.Therefore, in the present invention, the particle size of the Ni powder is limited to 45 μm or less so that the surface roughness of the thermal sprayed coating layer does not exceed around 30 μm.
이하 실시예에 의해 본 발명을 보다 상세히 설명한다.The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples.
[실시예]EXAMPLE
제1도에 나타난 바와같이, 크기 45㎛ 이하의 Ni분말의 프라즈마 스페레이어(Plasma sprayer)로 스테인레스강의 접합예정면에 두께 300㎛ 정도로 용융 분사도금(3)하여 크래드재(2)와 모재(1)를 겹쳐서 슬랩팩(Slab pack)을 만들고 슬랩팩 둘레의 틈사이를 모두 용접(4)하였다. 그후 슬랩팩을 통상의 방법인 1250℃로 가열하고, 총압하비를 2로하여 열간압연하였으며, 접합계면에서 충분한 원소확산이 일어나 전계면에 금속적결합이 이루어질 수 있도록 940℃에서 40분동안 열처리 하였다. 이렇게 하여 얻은 스테인레스 크래드판의 접합계면조직 및 접합강도(기계적 성질)를 종래의 크래드강의 경우와 비교조사 하였으며 계면 조직의 현미경사진을 제2a, b, c도로 나타내었다. 여기서, (a), (b) 및 (c)는 동일한 압연방법에 의하여 실험된 후 얻어진 계면조직사진들로써 (a)는 본 발명에 의해 얻은 계면을, (b) 및 (c)는 종래의 Ni 전기도금법 및 Ni 쉬트(Sheet) 삽입법으로 얻은 계면을 각각 나타낸다.As shown in FIG. 1, the cladding material (2) and the base material (3) were melt-sprayed (3) on a surface to be joined with stainless steel by a plasma sprayer of a Ni powder having a size of 45 µm or less. 1) overlapped to make a slab pack (slab pack) and welded (4) all the gaps around the slab pack. Thereafter, the slab pack was heated to 1250 ° C. which is a common method, and hot rolled with a total pressure reduction ratio of 2, and heat-treated at 940 ° C. for 40 minutes so that sufficient element diffusion occurred at the junction interface to allow metallic bonding to the entire interface. . The bond interface structure and bond strength (mechanical properties) of the stainless clad plate thus obtained were compared with those of the conventional clad steel, and the micrographs of the interfacial structure were shown in degrees 2a, b, and c. Here, (a), (b) and (c) are the interface texture pictures obtained after the experiment by the same rolling method (a) is the interface obtained by the present invention, (b) and (c) is a conventional Ni The interface obtained by the electroplating method and the Ni sheet insertion method is shown, respectively.
제2도에 의하면 본 발명에 의한 Ni 분말의 용융분사 도금층은 압연후에도 150㎛ 정도로 두껍게 존재하고 있으며, 종래의 방법에 의한 Ni 전기도금법과 Ni 쉬트 삽입법은 동일한 가격으로 할수 있는 두께가 얇기 때문에 압연후 15㎛ 정도로 매우 얇게 존재하여 Ni중간재의 역할인 모재의 탄소가 크래드재로 확산되는 것을 크게 저지하지 못함을 알 수 있다.According to FIG. 2, the molten spray plating layer of the Ni powder according to the present invention exists as thick as about 150 μm even after rolling, and the Ni electroplating method and the Ni sheet inserting method according to the conventional method are rolled because they are thin at the same price. After 15 μm is very thin, it can be seen that the carbon of the base material, which serves as the Ni intermediate material, does not significantly prevent the diffusion of carbon into the clad material.
또한, 본 발명에 의한 방법 및 종래의 Ni 전기도금방법에 의해 제조된 스테인레스크래드강의 기계적 성질을 하기표 1에 나타내었다.In addition, the mechanical properties of the stainless clad steel produced by the method according to the present invention and the conventional Ni electroplating method are shown in Table 1 below.
[표 1]TABLE 1
상기 표 1에 의하면 본 발명의 방법에 의하여 제조된 스테인레스 크래드강이 종래의 Ni 전기도금법이나 Ni 쉬트 삽입법에 의하여 제조된 스테인레스 크래드강에 비하여 동등이상의 접합 강도를 나타내고 있다. 접합 강도가 본 발명의 방법에 의하여 제조된 스테인레스 크래드강이 종래의 방법에 의해 제조된 스테인레스 크래드강과 동등이상으로 얻어지는 것은 Ni 삽입재와 모재 또는 크래드재의 접합이 Fe-Ni 결합으로 동일하기 때문이며 또한 상기 제2도에서 알수 있는 바와같이 본 발명의 경우도 접합이 완벽하게 이루어졌기 때문이다.According to Table 1, the stainless clad steel produced by the method of the present invention shows a joint strength equal to or higher than that of the stainless clad steel produced by the conventional Ni electroplating method or Ni sheet inserting method. The joint strength obtained by the stainless clad steel produced by the method of the present invention is equal to or higher than that of the stainless clad steel produced by the conventional method is that the joining of the Ni insert and the base material or the clad material is the same as the Fe-Ni bond. This is because the bonding is also perfect in the case of the present invention as can be seen in FIG.
상술한 바와같이, 본 발명의 스테인레스 크래드강의 제조방법은 Ni 전기도금이나 쉬트 삽입법 보다 전단강도 및 박리강도가 우수하면서도 제조비 및 제조시간을 감소시킬 수 있을 뿐만아니라 도금공정이 간단하여 공정간소화의 효과가 뛰어나 대량생산에 적합하게 되는 효과가 있다.As described above, the manufacturing method of the stainless clad steel of the present invention is superior in shear strength and peeling strength than Ni electroplating or sheet inserting method, but also reduces the manufacturing cost and manufacturing time, and also makes the plating process simple. It is effective in making it suitable for mass production.
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KR1019900022640A KR930006111B1 (en) | 1990-12-31 | 1990-12-31 | Method of clading |
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CN110144538A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-08-20 | 武汉材料保护研究所有限公司 | A kind of hydraulic support column surface recombination thermal spraying restorative procedure |
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KR100377364B1 (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2003-08-25 | 주식회사 포스코 | Manufacturing method of clad steel |
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CN110144538A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-08-20 | 武汉材料保护研究所有限公司 | A kind of hydraulic support column surface recombination thermal spraying restorative procedure |
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