KR830002069B1 - Soil Life Extension Herbicide Composition - Google Patents

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Description

Soil Life Extension Herbicide Composition

The present invention relates to herbicide compositions and methods of use thereof. In particular, the present invention relates to a herbicide composition comprising a combination of herbicide-active thiocarbamate and an organophosphorus compound, the latter of which serves to prolong the single application effect of thiocarbamate herbicide in inhibiting undesirable plant growth. .

Thiocarbamates are well known in the agricultural arts as useful herbicides for weed control in crops, such as corn, potatoes, green beans, chard, spinach, tobacco, tomato, alfalfa and the like. Thiocarbamates are applied before sprouting of address plants. Thiocarbamates have been known to be particularly effective when mixed with soil prior to sowing crops. As a herbicide, thiocarbamatei condenses most of its amount immediately after it is applied. How long the initial condensation is then retained in the soil depends largely on the particular soil used. Therefore, the rate of reduction in the amount of axial shrinkage after application of thiocarbamate depends on the type of soil used. This is evident in the actual weed suppression that is noticeable after a considerable time has elapsed, and in an amount that can detect the amount of thiocarbamate that does not lose the remaining efficacy in the soil. In addition, it was observed that when a certain thiocarbamate herbicide was repeatedly applied to the same soil area depending on the soil, the shelf life of the herbicide was gradually shortened.

It has been found that by mixing certain organophosphorus compounds that do not have herbicide activity per se with herbicide formation, the soil persistence of any herbicide active thiocarbamate can be greatly extended. These improvements in soil persistence of thiocarbamates have been shown in many ways. For example, it has been found that the rate of reduction of thiocarbamate content in the soil can be substantially reduced by using organophosphorus compounds. This was demonstrated by soil analysis at regular intervals after application of thiocarbamate herbicides. Improved soil persistence was also revealed by the herbicidal efficacy test, which measured weed injury after a period of time after herbicide application. These tests indicate that organophosphorus compounds, which themselves do not have a herbicidal sulfur level, can increase the herbicidal effect of thiocarbamate and extend the useful life of the soil by increasing the latter's persistence in the soil. Another way of validating itself will be demonstrated by the following description.

The present invention comprises an effective amount of herbicide thiocarbamate having the structural formula [I] and an organophosphorus compound having the structural formula [II] in an amount sufficient to extend the soil life of the thiocarbamate. The composition ratio of mate to organophosphorus compound relates to a soil life extending herbicide composition consisting of about 0.1: 1 to about 50: 1.

Wherein R ¹ is C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl, C ₃ -C ₆ alkenyl, C ₇ -C ₉ phenyl alkyl, or phenyl, optionally substituted with one, two or three halogen atoms, and R ² And R ³ is independently selected from C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl and C ₅ -C ₇ cycloalkyl, or is combined to form C ₄ -C ₇ alkylene together.

Wherein R ⁴ is C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl, C ₃ -C ₆ alkenyl, C ₃ -C ₆ alkylyl, or C ₅ -C ₇ cycloalkyl, halo, cyano, C ₁ -C ₃ alkoxy and Optionally substituted with one or more members selected from C ₁ -C ₃ alkylthio, R ⁵ is C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkoxy or C ₁ -C ₄ alkylthio, and R ⁶ is C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₁₀ alkenyl or C ₂ -C ₄ alkenyl (optionally with one or more members selected from halo, nitro, cyano, C ₁ -C ₃ alkoxy and C ₁ -C ₃ alkylthio) C ₅ -C ₇ cycloalkyl or-(R ⁷ ) _m -ø wherein R ⁷ is C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₄ alkenyl, or C ₂ -C ₄ alkynyl Optionally substituted with one or more members selected from halo and cyano, m is 0 or 1, ø is halo, trifluoromethyl, nitro, cyano, C ₁ -C ₃ alkoxy, C ₁ -C _3-carboxylic balkok during and C ₁ -C ₃ optionally substituted with one or more members selected from alkyl and phenyl sulfonic Is phenyl), and, and X and Y are oxygen or sulfur.

In a more preferred embodiment of the invention the compound is defined as follows. That is, R ¹ , R ² , and R ³ are as defined above, R ⁴ is C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, R ⁵ is C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkoxy and C ₁ -C ₄ Is selected from the group consisting of alkylthio, R ⁶ is selected from group consisting of phenyl, chlorophenyl, nitrophenyl, C ₇ -C ₉ alkylsulfinylphenyl and C ₂ -C ₆ alkylthiophenyl, X Is oxygen or sulfur, and Y is oxygen.

In an even more preferred embodiment of the invention the compound is defined as follows. That is, R ¹ is C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl, R ² and R ³ are independently C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl, R ⁴ is C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, R ⁵ is C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkoxy and C ₁ -C ₄ alkylthio, R ⁶ is selected from groupings consisting of phenyl, chlorophenyl, nitrophenyl, C ₇ -C ₉ alkylsulfinylphenyl and alkylthiophenyl, X is oxygen Or sulfur and Y is oxygen.

The present invention also relates to a method of inhibiting undesirable plant growth comprising applying the composition at a place where it is necessary to inhibit it.

As used herein, the terms "alkyl", "alkenyl", "alkynyl" and "alkylene" are meant to include both straight and branched chain groups, and all carbon atoms are intended to include their upper and lower limits. .

Here, "herbicide" means a compound that inhibits the growth of plants and modifies. "Effective herbicide" means the amount of a compound that has a modifying effect on plant growth. "Plant" means sprouting seeds, growing seedlings and settled plants, including roots and ground areas. Such inhibitory and modifying effects include deviations from natural growth, such as killing, retarding, deciduous, dry, controlled, atrophy, withered, dead leaves, dwarfism and the like.

"Prolong the soil life of the thiocarbamate" refers to the effect of maintaining the molecular structure and / or herbicidal efficacy of thiocarbamate in the same form as when the thiocarbamate first applied to the soil. Turn on. Prolonged soil life is manifested by a slowed rate of weed killing or increased original appearance of thiocarbamate condensation in the soil.

According to the present invention, the organophosphorus compound is added to thiocarbamate in order to prolong the effect of the prismatic herbicide of thiocarbamate molecules. As shown in the examples below, there is no critical range of these two component ratios. Soil-life-extension effects have been observed over a wide range of ratios. However, it is convenient to apply these two compounds, ie thiocarbamate and organophosphorus, in a weight ratio of about 0.1: 1 to 50: 1.

Thiocarbamates useful in the present invention include S-ethyl di-n-propyl thiocarbamate, S-ethylhexahydro-1H-azin-1-carbothioate, S-ethyl diisobutylthiocarbamate , Sn-propyl di-n-propyl thiocarbamate, S-ethyl ethylcyclohexylthiocarbamate, Sn-propylethyl-n-propylethyl-n-butylthiocarbamate, SP-chlorobenzyl ethyl Thiocarbamate, S-2,3,3-trichloroallyl diisopropylthiocarbamate, S-2,3-dichloroallyl diisopropylthiocarbamate and S-benzyl di-SeC-butylthiocar Contains a barmate.

Organophosphorus compounds useful in the present invention include 0-ethyl-S-phenyl ethylphosphonodithioate, 0-ethyl-SF-chlorophenyl ethylphosphonodithioate, 0,0-diethyl-S-ethylthioo Ylphosphorodithioate, 0,0-dimethyl-0-P-nitrophenyl phosphorothioate, 0,0-dimethyl-0-phenyl phosphorothioate, 0,0-diethyl-0-phenyl phosphoro Thioate, 0,0-diisopropyl-0-phenylphosphothioate, 0,0-dimethyl-0-benzylphosphorothioate, 0,0-diethyl-0- (2-phenylethyl) phosphoro Thioate, 0,0-di-n-propyl-0-phenylphosphothioate, 0-ethyl-S-ethyl-0-phenylphosphothioate, 0,0-thi-n-propyl-0-phenyl Phosphorothioate and 0-methyl-S-phenylmethyl phosphorodithioate.

The usefulness of thiocarbamate as a herbicide has been greatly broadened by applying an antidote to herbicide formation and applying it to various kinds of crops. The antidote lowers the agent with herbicide and protects it from injury and increases the crop's tolerability to the herbicide. Thus, herbicides are selective in their action and retain their effectiveness against undesirable weeds while at the same time reducing herbicidal effects on the desired crop types.

The description of the antidote and the method of its use may be found on May 25, 1976. G. US Patent No. 3,959,304 to Tiich, F. November 2, 1976. M. U.S. Patent Nos. 3,989,503 and 4,021,224 (May 3, 1977), issued May 5, 1964, to Palos et al. L. US Pat. Nos. 3,131,509 and 3,564,768 (February 3, 1971) to Hoffman. Useful antidote is a structural formula,

Wherein n is 1 or 2, and R ⁸ and R ⁹ are independently C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl or C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkenyl or the following guruuf

임〕을 지닌 아세트아미드를 포함한다.(Wherein R ¹⁰ and R ¹¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl, and R ¹² is selected from group consisting of hydrogen, C ₁ -C ⁴ alkyl and phenyl)

Acetamide].

Examples of the antidote belonging to the above structural formula include N, N-diallyl dichloro acetamide and N, N-diallylchloroacetamide, and those not belonging to the structural formula include 1,8-naphthalic & hydride. For example.

Antidote is applied in combination with thiocarbamate and organophosphorus compounds in an effective amount of non-phytotoxic antidote. "Non-phytotoxic" refers to the amount of antidote that can cause very minor injury to the desired crop type. The term "effective amount of detoxification" means the amount of antidote that substantially reduces the degree of injury due to thiocarbamates for the desired crop type. The preferred ratio of thiocarbamate to antidote is from about 0.1: 1 to 30: 1 and the most preferred ratio range is from about 3: 1 to 20: 1.

The following examples are provided to illustrate the composition and method and effectiveness of the present invention and in no way limit the invention.

Example 1

Soil sustainability test

This example illustrates the effectiveness of the organophosphorus compounds of the present invention in extending soil life of thiocarbamate herbicides by periodic chemical analysis of soil compositions.

In each test, a 1 pint (0.5 liter) glass jar containing 250 g of soil (on a wind-dry basis) was used. Soils were used in three different configurations. Namely, roaming sand from Sunol, Calif., Three soils: sedimentary rolls from Westman, Iowa, and roams from California, Tracy. The relative amounts of individual soil soils, sedimentary soils and clays were determined by mechanical methods, and the amount and acidity (PH) of organic substances were determined by chemical composition. The soil analysis results are as follows.

TABLE 1

Soil analysis

The test compound or combination was decomposed in water at a concentration measured to contain 5.0 cc of active ingredient equivalent to the desired application rate when added to the bottle. The thiocarbamates used in this test were applied in the form of emulsion liquid condensates containing an antidote to prevent crop injury. The condensate was properly diluted to match the application rate of 6.0 lb / A (6.72 kg / ha) of active ingredient. Of the organophosphorus compounds tested, 0,0-diethyl-0-phenyl phosphorodithioate was applied as a diluted industrial solution for an application rate of 0.5 lb / A (0.56 kg / ha) and 0-ethyl-S- Phenyl ethyl phosphorodithioate was applied as diluted emulsion condensate for 4.0 lb / A (4.48 kg / ha) of active ingredient.

Thus, an aqueous 5.0 cc aqueous mixture containing thiocarbamate, antidote and organophosphorous adduct in appropriate concentrations was transferred to the bottle using a pipette and mixed into the soil using a thin spatula.

After treatment as above, about 50 garden seeds and two corn (Dekalb-XL-45A) seeds were sown in the soil. After the soil was moistened and the site water ecology, the bottle was left unsealed in the greenhouse, and the temperature was kept at about 70-80 ° F (21-27 °) and the soil was damped statically. . The test was done in duplicate and a separate bottle was used in each test. After a certain interval, the two bottles were removed from the greenhouse to remove the thin layer of plants, and the bottles were sealed and frozen until chemical analysis was performed. In addition, after a certain interval, the second pair was moved to the same shape. For use as a control, six pairs for each test rate were prepared, including one obtained immediately after treatment with the test drug.

Each prepared specimen was transferred to a 4.0 L flask after being immersed in 2.0 L water in a Waring compounder. About 10.0 ml of antifoam was added and the mixture was immediately distilled to collect about 400 ml of effluent. Five drops of concentrated hydrochloric acid were added to inhibit emulsion formation. Thiocarbamate was extracted with 2.0 ml of isooctane and the extracts were combined for analysis of thiocarbamate content by gas chromatography.

Chromatogram data in Tables II and III are converted to equivalent soil concentrations expressed in ppm by weight of thiocarbamate. These tables show the test results as average values for each pair of duplicates.

These tables clearly show that the content of thiocarbamate decreases over time in each type of soil tested. The table also shows that the drop in thiocarbamate content is substantially reduced by the presence of organophosphorus compounds. The effect of organophosphorus compounds on sunol soil is particularly evident from the comparison of experimental entry and control from 21 days in Table II and from 3 weeks in Table III. The high number in the experimental entry is a clear indication that the rate of descent is substantially reduced due to the presence of organophosphorus compounds. Similar effects in tracing soil are evident from day 3 in Table II and from one week later in Table III.

Finally, similar effects were observed in Summon soils from 7 days in Table II and from 2 weeks in Table III.

TABLE II

Soil persistence test results

Herbicides: N, N-diallyl dichloro acetamide (detoxification agent) and S-ethyl-n-propylthiocarbamate (active ingredient) in a 12: 1 weight ratio

Application rate: 6.0llb / A

(a) Each number indicated represents the average of two samples.

(b) A dash (-) indicates no sample was analyzed.

TABLE III

Soil persistence test results

Herbicides: N, N-diallyl dichloro acetamide (detoxification agent) and S-ethyl diisobutyl thiocarbamate (active ingredient) in a weight ratio of 24: 1

Application rate: 6.0 lb / A

(a) Each number indicated represents the average of two samples.

Example 2

Herbicide action improvement test

This example provides herbicidal action data to demonstrate the effectiveness of organophosphorus additives in improving herbicide action of thiocarbamates. The compatibility can be observed by comparing the weed suppression in the cultivation boxes treated with thiocarbamate and the weed suppression in similar growers treated with thiocarbamate and organophosphorus compounds.

As in Example 1, thiocarbamates used in this test were applied as emulsion condensate forms containing 6 lb / gal (0.72 kg / L) of active ingredient. As indicated in several tests, the antidote was included in the formation to prevent crop injury. Organophosphorus compounds were used in the form of emulsions, granules and microcapsules, but mainly in industrial form.

The stock solution was prepared by adding test chemicals prepared in a 100 cc mixture containing the same portion of water and acetone. A 5 cc stock solution was then added to 3 pounds of soil containing approximately 5% moisture in a 5-gallon (18.9 L) rotary mixer, and the soil and stock solution were mixed for 10-20 seconds.

The soil was placed in aluminum growers 2.5 inches (6.4 cm) deep, 3.5 inches (8.9 cm) wide, and 7.5 inches (19.0 cm) long, and the soil was squeezed to even out the soil and made six posts across the area. . Weeds varied for each test and included the following:

In some tests, corn was sown and the corn used was G. Dekalb XL-45A from Zeamays species.

Sufficient seed was sown to grow several seedlings per inch into each bone, and the growers were placed in a greenhouse maintained at a temperature of 70-80 ° C. and watered daily with a watering can.

Weed suppression and maize status were measured and recorded as inhibition rates compared to the growth of the same seeds grown in the same period of untreated control trials for 3 weeks after treatment. Ratings ranged from 0 to 100%, where 0 indicates no effect on plant growth to correspond to untreated control tests, and 100 indicates a complete killing effect.

The following tables are a list of the test results. Control trials were included for comparison purposes. The application rates of all organophosphorus additives demonstrate that the average weed suppression rate for the control test is significantly improved in each table. All the data in the individual tables were taken at the same time under the same conditions, but each table was not the same and fluctuated because it was difficult to make different environmental conditions. This variation was also due to the different weeds and soil types used, but in general the preparation effect of thiocarbamate after the third application was greatly improved by the use of organic phosphorus additives.

Table IV

Herbicidal action against barley, garden grass, millet corn and jackpot

S-ethyl di-n-propylthiocarbamate as an emulsion of 6 lb / gallon containing an N, N-diallyl dichloroacetide antidote with a herbicide to weight ratio of 12: 1

Application rate: 3.0lb / A

Soil source: Tracy, California

Evaluation period: 3 weeks after treatment

(a) 4E: Emulsion containing 41b / gal active ingredient

(b) 10G: granules containing 10% of active ingredient

TABLE V

For weeding weeds, camphors and sugarcane

Herbicides: S-ethyl di-n-propyl thiocarbamate as 61b / gal emulsion

Application rate: 3.01b / A

Evaluation period: 3 weeks after treatment

Table VI

Herbicidal action against nectar, garden grass, millet and sugarcane

Herbicides: S-ethyl di-n-propylthiocarbamate as 6 lb / gal emulsion

Application rate: 3.0 lb / A

Evaluation period: 3 weeks after treatment

Soil source: Tracy, California

[Table VII]

Herbicide action on nectar, camphor, millet and sugarcane

Herbicides: S-ethyl di-n-propylthiocarbamate as 61 lb / gal emulsion

Application rate: 3.0lb / A

Evaluation period: 3 weeks after treatment

Soil source: Westman, Iowa

Example 3

The tests described in this example are the same as in Example 1 except that the soil is pre-treated to expand and promote the effectiveness of the soil in lowering herbicide content. The soil used in all the tests was the soil of Sunol, California, described in Example 1.

A. Soil Pretreatment

The emulsion condensate containing 61 lb / gal (0.72 kg / l) herbicide S-ethyl di-n-propylthiocarbite was diluted in 100 ml of water to make a solution with a herbicide concentration of 4000 mg / l in solution. After 5 ml of this solution was added to 10 lb (4.54 kg) of soil, the mixture was mixed in a rotary mixer for 10-20 seconds.

The soil was contained in a round plastic container 9 inches (22.9 cm) in diameter and 9 inches (22.9 cm) long. After leveling the soil, three valleys were made across each container. Two bones were seeded with DeKalb XL-45A corn (Zeamays) and one seeded with Echinochloa Crusgalli.

Sufficient seeds were sown for each tomb. After that, the container was transferred to a greenhouse maintained at a temperature of 20 to 30, and watered daily with a sprinkler.

Five weeks after the treatment, the soil was left to dry and the leaves of the plant removed. After dividing the soil with 0.25 inch (0.64 cm) sieve, the roots and soil masses of the plants were removed, and again passed through the 2 mm sieve.

B. Soil Sustainability Test

100 grams (wind-dry basis) of soil was placed in an 8 oz (0.24 L) wide glass bottle. The same emulsified condensate as described in part A (purt) was diluted in water so that the 5 ml portion added to the soil was 6 ppm by weight herbicide concentration in the soil. The weighted compound selected in the industrial liquid form (unformed) was diluted in an acetone-water mixture so that 1 ml part added to the soil had a concentration of 4 ppm by weight. Based on the above point, the herbicide and the weight agent were added to the jar containing soil. The bottle was then sealed with a bottle cap and shaken by hand for about 15 minutes.

After this treatment the soil was soaked with de-ionized water. In order to maintain aerobic conditions and to prevent the soil from drying out quickly, the bottle was covered with a glass lid and placed in a dark, controlled environment room at 25 ° C.

After 2 days the bottle was removed from the environment room and then 50 ml of water and 100 ml of toluene were added. The jar was sealed with a lidpanner and vibrated vigorously with a variable speed reciprocating shaker (Model No. 600, manufactured by Everback Company) set at about 200 strokes per minute for 1 hour. Thereafter, the contents of the bottle were allowed to settle, and 10 ml of purified toluene was transferred to a glass bottle using a pipette, and the bottle was sealed with a polyseal cap. Toluene extract was analyzed for herbicide content by gas chromatography. Chromatographic data were converted to soil concentrations corresponding to ppm by weight of herbicides.

The analytical results are shown in Tables V, V, and X and point to three separate pre-process batches. Each table included the results of a control experiment (here only herbicides were applied). In all cases, substantially more herbicide remains in the presence of the weight agent and the compound.

[Table VII]

2-Day Soil Sustainability Test-Operation 1

Herbicides: S-ethyl di-n-propylthiocarmamate

Application rate: herbicide 6ppm (weight)

Extender 4 ppm (weight)

Herbicide only: Test A: 0.22 Residual amount after 2 days (ppm)

Test B: 0.23

Herbicides mixed with extenders:

[Table VII]

2 Day Soil Sustainability Test-Operation No. 2

Herbicides: S-ethyl di-n-propylthiocarbamate

Application rate: 6 ppm herbicide (weight)

Extender 4 ppm (weight)

With herbicides only:

Herbicides mixed with extenders:

TABLE X

2-day soil speed test-Operation No. 3

Herbicides: S-ethyl di-n-propylthiocarbamate

Application rate: 6 ppm herbicide (weight)

Extender 4 ppm (weight)

With herbicides only:

Herbicides mixed with extenders:

Application method

The herbicide composition suppression according to the present invention is useful in suppressing undesirable properties by applying preemergence or post-emergence in a desired place, and the application method is not only applied to the surface but also to plants. This includes both treatment methods and post-treatment applications to plant and soil mixtures. The composition is generally made in a form convenient for application. Typical compositions contain a floating or active addition component and a diluent carrier. These components and carriers are water, organic solvents, uncarriers, particulate carriers, surfactant oils and water, water-oil emulsions, wetting agents, dispersants and emulsifiers. Herbicides are generally made in the form of fines, emulsion concentrates, granules and pellets or microcapsuries.

A. Differential

Fine powder is a dense powder composition made for application in dry form. Since the fine powder has free-flow characteristics and rapid sedimentation characteristics, it is not easily carried to the place where the presence of fine powder is undesirable. In the work of making fine powders, we often use wetting agents as preparations and often require anti-freeze, adsorptive polishing aids to make them easier to prepare. The antifreeze carrier for the finely divided composition according to the present invention may be any of a plant-based or mineral-based system, preferably an anionic or non-ionic system as a wetting agent, and a suitable absorption abrasive agent is a mineral-based material.

Suitable antifreeze solid carriers for finely divided compositions are organic or inorganic powders with high walking density and free flowing properties. They also have a low surface area and low liquid adsorptive ninability. Suitable abrasive aids are natural clays, diatomaceous earth and synthetic mineral treatments derived from silica or silicate.

Most suitable for ionic and nonionic wetting agents are materials of the groupings known in the art as wetting agents and emulsifiers. While solids are more commonly used for their ease of mixing, some liquid nonionics are also suitable for fine powder formation.

Preferred microcarriers are mica talc, chloroplasts, dense bulk clay, tobacco flour and potassium phosphate salts and the like. Preferred abrasive aids are attapulgite clay, diatomaceous earth, synthetic refined silica and synthetic calcium silicate and magnesium.

Most preferred wetting agents are esters of sodium sulfosuccinate, sulfated or sulfonated fatty acid esters, petroleum esters in the long chain acidity of alkylbenbenes and alkylnaphthalin sulfonates, sulfated aliphatic alcohols, amines or acidic amides, sodium isothionates Sulfonates, sulfonated vegetable oils, and dietary acetyl renicglycols. Preferred dispersants are methylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, ligninsulfonate, polymaticalkylnaphthalinsulfonate, sodium naphthalinsulfonate, polymethylene bisnaphthalin sulfonate and sodium-N-methyl-N- (long chain acidic) Laurate

The antifreeze solid carrier in the fine powder according to the present invention is usually present at a concentration of 30 to 90% by weight of the total composition. Abrasives usually comprise 5-10% by weight of the composition and wetting agents comprise 0-1.0% by weight of the composition. The fine powder also contains a surface active agent such as a dispersant having a concentration of up to about 0.5% by weight, and a small amount of anti-caking agent and antistopping agent. The particle size of the carrier is usually in the range of 30-50 microns.

B. Emulsified Condensate

Emulsified condensates are usually solutions of the active substance in non-water-miscible solvents together with emulsifiers. Prior to use, the condensate is diluted with water to form a suspension suspension of solvent.

Typical solvents used in emulsion condensates are oils, chlorinated hydrocarbons and non-miscible esters, esters and ketones.

Typical emulsifiers are anionic or nonionic surfactants or a mixture of both. For example, long-chain alkyl or mercaptan polyethoxy alcohols, alkylaryl polyethoxy alcohols, sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene glycols with nonfatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene glyco with fatty acids or rosin acids All esters, aliphatic alkyls are amide condensates, calcium and amine salts of aliphatic alcohol sulfates, oil soluble sulfonates or mixtures of these emulsifiers. These emulsifiers consist of 1-10% by weight of the total composition.

Thus, the emulsion concentrate of the present invention is composed of about 15 to 50% by weight of active substance, about 40 to 82% by weight of solvent and about 1 to 10% by weight of emulsifier. Other rich systems such as expansion agents and stickers may also be included.

C. Granules and Pellets

Granules and pellets are physically stable particles containing active ingredients attached or distributed to a coherent floating carrier of visible size. Typical particle size is about 1 to 2 mm in diameter. In leaching active ingredients from granules or pellets, surface active agents are sometimes present as cleaning agents.

The carrier is preferably a mineral material and generally belongs to one of the following two forms. The first is a screened hydrous silicate of purified and screened granular attapulgite or heat-expanded granules. In either of these solutions of the active ingredient can be sparged and adsorbed at concentrations up to 25% of the total weight. Also suitable for pellets are secondly powdered kaolin, hydrated attapulite or bentonite clay in the form of sodium, calcium or magnesium bentonite. Water-soluble salts, such as natorum salts, are also mixed with the active ingredient in the presence of water to form a mixture of granules or pellets, and then dried to yield a form with the active ingredient uniformly distributed throughout the mass. Such granules and pellets may also be made from 25 to 30 weights of the active ingredient, but more often a concentration of about 10% by weight is preferred for optimal distribution. The granular composition according to the present invention is most useful in the range of 15 to 30 mesh sizes.

Surfactants are generally wetting agents having anionic or nonionic properties. The most suitable wetting agent depends on the type of granules to be used. When the purified granules are sprayed with the active substance in liquid form, the most suitable wetting agent is a nonionic liquid wetting agent which can be mixed with the solvent. These are more commonly known as emulsifiers in the art and include alkyl arylpolyether alcohols, alkylpolyether alcohols, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyethylene glycol esters with fatty acids or rosin acids, aliphatic alkylol amide condensates Oil-soluble or vegetable oil sulfonates, or mixtures thereof. Such wetting agents usually comprise up to about 5% by weight of the total composition.

When the active ingredient is first mixed with the powder carrier and then with the granules or pellets, a liquid nonionic humectant may be used, but preferably, one of the powdered anionic humectants, such as the above-mentioned humidifying powder, is mixed. It is preferable to bind at. Such wetting agents comprise about 0-2% by weight of the total composition.

Thus, the preferred particulate or pellet formation of the present invention consists of about 5-30% by weight of active material, about 0-5% by weight of wetting agent and about 65-95 weight of antifreeze carrier.

D. Microcapsucity

The microcapsules consist of completely enclosed droplets or granules containing the active material, and the enclosed material is a floating porous coating provided to allow the enclosed material to escape into the medium at a controlled rate for a period of time. Following the present invention, microcapsules are particularly useful. This is because the organic compound of the herbicidal composition is a liquid.

Typical encapsulated droplets have a radius of about 1 to 50 microns, and the enclosed liquid generally weighs about 50 to 95% of the total capsule and may contain a small amount of solvent in addition to the active material.

Encapsulated granules are characterized by a porous coating that encloses a liquid containing the active ingredient therein, subtracting controlled release and sealing the inlet of the granular carrier pores. Typical granule sizes range from about 1 mm to 1 cm in diameter. Granular size for agriculture is generally about 1 to 2 mm in diameter. Granules formed by extrusion, flocculation or prillilng are useful in the present invention with materials in their naturally occurring form. Examples of such carriers are hydrous silicates, reactive viscous granules, kaolin, atypulite clay, sawdust and granular coal.

Useful capshulation materials include natural and synthetic rubbers, cellulosic materials, styrene-butadiene copolymers, polaracrylonitrile, polyacrylates, polyesterropolyamides, polyurethanes, and xanthic acid starch.

E. Generally

All such formations may be prepared as packages containing both thiocarbamate herbicides and organophosphorus weighting agents together with other forming ingredients (diluents, emulsifiers, surfactants, etc.). Formations may also be provided by tank mixing, in which the components are obtained separately and combined at the plant growth site. The herbicide and the weight agent may both be used in the same type of formation, or may be used in different formations, for example, the herbicide is used in the form of capsulization, while the weight agent may be used as an emulsifier. It may be used or the reverse.

As another method, the herbicide and the weight agent may be used continuously, but in this case, any one may be applied first. However, this method is less preferred. Because the most effective results can be obtained at the same time.

In general, any of the conventional methods of application may be used. The place of application may be soil, seed or actual plant as well as the answer. Fine powders and liquid compositions can be applied using powder sprayers, power and manual sprayers and sprayers. The composition may be applied as a fine powder or spray from an airplane because it is effective at very low dosages. As a typical example, in order to alter or inhibit the growth of sprouting seed or growing seedlings, differentiating and liquid compositions are applied to the soil according to conventional methods and distributed in soil at least 0.5 inches below the soil surface. Phytotoxic compositions need not be mixed with soil particles. These compositions can only be applied by spraying on the soil surface. Phytotoxics according to the present invention may be applied in addition to the relative water supplied to the field to be treated. This application allows the composition to penetrate into the soil when water is absorbed into the soil. Fine compositions, granular compositions or liquid formations applied to the soil surface can be distributed under the soil by conventional methods, for example by discing, dragging or mixing tissue.

The herbicide / weight agent composition may also be applied to the soil through irrigation. According to this technique, the compositions are applied directly to the irrigation water just before the fields are involved. This method can be applied in all regions regardless of the flow rate. Because this method allows for the replenishment of natural rainfall at important stages of plant growth. In typical applications the concentration of herbicide / gravimetric composition in irrigation water is in the range of about 10-50 ppm by weight. Irrigation water can be applied by sprinkler arrangements, surface furrows or flooring.

This application is most effectively done before weed germination, that is, within two days after the early spring or tillage of the field.

The composition according to the invention also contains further adducts such as fertilizers, insecticides or other herbicides. Suitable pesticides include 2-4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4-5-trichlorophenoxy acetic acid, 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy acetic acid and its salts, esters and anides, tri Azine derivatives such as 2,4-bis (3-methoxypropylamino) -6-methyl-thio-S-triazine, 2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-S-tri Urea derivatives such as azine, 2-ethylamino-4-isopropyllamino-6-methylmercapto-S-triazine; 3- (3-4-dichlorophenyl) -1,1-dimethyl urea; Acetamides such as N-N-diallyl-α-chloroacetamide, IV- (α-chloroacetyl) texamethyleneimine, and N, N-diethyl-α-brosideacetamide; And benzoic acid such as 3-amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid. Fertilizers useful for combining with the active ingredient include ammonium nitrate, urea and superlime phosphate. Other useful additives are compost. Plant organisms, such as humus and sand, contain substances that take root and grow in them.

The amount of the composition according to the invention, which constitutes an effective herbicide, depends on the nature of the seed or plant to be inhibited. The application of the active ingredient is in the range of about 0.01 to 50 pounds per acre, preferably in the range of about 0.1 to 25 pounds per acre, and the amount used in practice depends on the overall cost and the desired result. For those skilled in the art, it will be readily appreciated that compositions that exhibit low herbicide action will require more usage than higher active compounds to achieve the same degree of inhibitory effect.

Claims (1)

It consists of an effective amount of herbicide thiocarbamate having the structural formula [I] and an organophosphorus compound having the structural formula [II] in an amount sufficient to extend the soil life of the thiocarbamate. The composition ratio of the compound is a soil life extension preparation composition consisting of about 0.1: 1 to about 50: 1.

Wherein R ¹ is C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl, C ₇ -C ₉ alkenyl, CC phenylalkyl or phenyl, optionally substituted with one, two or three halogen atoms, R ² and R ³ are C Independently selected from _1- C ₆ alkyl and C ₅ -C ₇ cycloalkyl or combined to form C ₄ -C ₇ alkylene together.

Wherein R ⁴ is C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl, C ₃ -C ₆ alkenyl, C ₃ -C ₆ alkynyl or C ₅ -C ₇ cloalkyl, halo, cyano, C ₁ -C ₃ alkoxy and CC Optionally substituted with one or more members selected from alkylthio, R ⁵ is C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkoxy or C ₁ -C ₄ alkylthio, R ⁶ is C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl, C ₅ optionally substituted with one or more members selected from C ₂ -C ₁₀ alkenyl or C ₂ -C ₄ alkenyl (halo, nitro, cyano, C ₁ -C ₃ alkoxy and C ₁ -C ₃ alkylthio) -C ₇ chloroalkyl or-(R ⁷ ) _m -ø (wherein R ⁷ is C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₄ alkenyl or C ₂ -C ₄ alkynyl, selected from halo and cyano) Is optionally substituted with one or more members, m is 0 or 1, ø is halo, trifluoromethyl, nitro, cyano, C ₁ -C ₃ alkoxy, C ₁ -C ₃ carbalcoxy and C ₁ -C is the first member and the one or more optionally substituted phenyl selected from _3-alkyl phenyl sulfonic) And X and Y are oxygen or sulfur.