KR830000840B1 - Composition for stabilization of oil-oil mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Composition for stabilization of oil-oil mixture

The present invention relates to safety shoes compositions for use in preparing stable oil-water mixtures for use as fuels.

The trend of the energy crisis generally suggests that it is necessary to maintain fossil fuels as economically as possible in use. The remaining stockpiles have only a finite lifetime and cannot be replaced. In the field of heavy fuel oils (such as oils for use in domestic or industrial heating boilers), it has been proposed to extend the finite life of oils and to preserve oil reserves by mixing a certain amount of water with oils. Water can actually make combustion useful by acting purely as a diluent or by participating in chemical reactions that occur at high temperatures.

At any rate, less fuel is burned to produce the same amount of heat, thus conserving oil stocks. The question, however, is how evenly the water is dispersed in the oil, which can be burned as fuel without adversely affecting the combustor. The oil-water mixture should be prepared in a relatively stable emulsion that can be stored for a considerable time without being separated immediately before burning. Many additives to stabilize these mixtures adversely affect the combustion apparatus and can cause corrosion or blockage.

The inventors have found that compounds containing up to 30-40% by volume or up to 50% by volume of water can be used in admixture with water so that water can be miscible with almost all of the fuel oil to provide a stable dispersion that can be used as a fuel. A special mixture was found.

According to the present invention there is provided a stabilizing composition for an oil-water mixture consisting of the following components in an oil-based medium.

Emulsifiers must be oil-soluble and non-toxic combustible emulsifiers. Emulsifiers are preferably mixed glycerides, ie mixtures of mono-di- and triglycerides of fatty acids with up to 12-20 carbon atoms in the acid moiety. Glycerides are based on one or more fatty acids and may be based on many fatty acids derived from naturally occurring triglycerides. The glyceride mixture is preferably hydrogenated with as low iodine number as possible.

The emulsifier is preferably present in an amount of 6.6-11 parts by weight, in particular 6.7 parts by weight.

Magnesium is present in the form of oil-soluble magnesium salts. Magnesium salts are preferably magnesium naphthenate and are used in combination with anionic surfactants, in particular long chain alkylene sulfonates. These two components are added to the mixture of the stabilizing composition as a binding solution in the oil medium. This solution is sold by Taiwan panta Development under the trade name Apex 851. Magnesium is present in an amount of 5.6-8.4 parts by weight, preferably about 7 parts by weight, and anionic surfactant is present in an amount of 1.6-2.4 parts by weight, preferably about 2 parts by weight.

Benzoic acid is present as an optional component, preferably in an amount of 6-9 parts by weight, optimally about 6.7 parts by weight. The role of benzoic acid is to assist in combustion and to stabilize the oil-water mixture.

Ferrocene (i.e. dicyclo pentadienyl iron) is mixed with the stabilizing composition to control combustion, it is important that the ferrocene is sufficiently dissolved in oil and evenly distributed throughout the mixture for optimum effect.

In oil-based media, stabilizing compositions are formulated, wherein the oil-based media is based on fuel oil or other light oil fractions. Other solvents are preferably mixed with the oil to maintain a constant component in the solution, as described below. The stabilizing composition according to the present invention preferably contains the components in the above-described ranges with respect to 1,000 parts by weight of the solvent medium. Thus, for example, the stabilizing composition according to the invention may contain 6-11.5 g of a combustible emulsifier, 4-8 g of ferrocene, 4.5-9.2 g of magnesium (as soluble magnesium), 1.4-3 g of anionic surfactant, 0-12 g of benzoic acid, per liter of the medium. Can be.

The stabilizing composition according to the present invention comprises (1) a solution of magnesium salts and anionic surfactants, (2) a solution of ferrocene in oil, (3) an emulsifier and an benzoic acid of an organic solvent system in a paraffin or a high boiling point suitable for petroleum oil. After the solution is formed), it is prepared by combining these (1), (2) and (3) washing solutions in any order. The ferrocene oil is preferably a fuel oil. Organic solvents for emulsifiers are solvents of aromatic or aromatic aliphatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene or xylene, in particular emulsifiers are mixed glycerides.

After each dissolution in a more polar solvent of benzoic acid (such as a lower alkanol such as methanol), the solution is then added to an emulsifier solution to prepare a mixed solution in an organic solvent system that contains a hydrocarbon solvent and a polar solvent. desirable.

Once the stabilizing composition is formed, it can be stored indefinitely and is not degraded or physically separated.

According to the invention, the stabilizing composition is used by adding the stabilizing composition to the oil with vigorous stirring simultaneously with water to stabilize the mixture. The stabilizing composition and water can be added individually or simultaneously (this is a better method), or the stabilizing composition can be added to the water first and then "stabilized" water to the oil.

The present inventors have found that adding water after adding the stabilizing composition according to the present invention to oil is not so effective.

In one preferred embodiment of the method, the oil is diluted (ie, reduced in viscosity) prior to addition of the stabilizing composition and water. This can be achieved by heating the oil or diluting it with a small amount of dilute oil with vigorous stirring at high shear force to a suitable temperature, such as about 30 ° C.

The oil-water mixture, once formed, consists of a stable emulsion and can be stored for quite a long time without separating at a suitable temperature (ie below 40 ° C. above freezing point).

In practice, however, it is best to produce water and a stabilizing composition in turn between the fuel tank and the combustor just before the oil-water mixture is used.

로 용액내에 존재하며, 물에 대하여 1:250-1:420의 중량비로 용액에 첨가된다.The oil-water mixture may contain up to 50% by volume of water, preferably 10-30% by volume, optimally 18-25% by volume. As the water content increases, the amount of the stabilizing composition also increases, and in general, the weight ratio of the above-mentioned total components to water in the stabilizing composition is 1: 8,400-1: 14,000. The aforementioned weight parts in the mixture are g /

Furnace is present in the solution and added to the solution in a weight ratio of 1: 250-1: 420 relative to water.

The amount of water added to the oil is highly dependent on the efficiency of the combustion system in which the mixed fuel is burned. Most water-heating boilers, etc., are generally inefficient, unburned, or only partly burned and exhausted, resulting in large amounts of fuel oil being wasted, thus providing less heat and increasing pollution. . The present inventors have found the advantage of the stabilizing composition according to the present invention in which the combustion efficiency of fuel oil is improved by replacing part of the fuel with water to generate the same amount of heat. In addition, more efficient combustion will further reduce undesirable pollution in the form of soot, carbon monoxide, and the like.

The importance of the present invention is illustrated by replacing 20%, or more, of fuel oil with water, and particularly obtaining the same amount of heat with reduced pollution.

When described in detail based on the embodiment of the present invention.

Example 1

6.7 g of C ₁₂ to C ₂₀ fatty acid glycerides mixed in toluene (200 ml) were dissolved, and benzoic acid (6.7 g) was dissolved in methanol (200 ml) to prepare a stabilizing composition.

Ferrocene (7.3 g) was dissolved in about 500 ml of fuel oil and this solution was mixed with a solution containing benzoic acid and glycerides previously formed. Also in this mixture Apex No. 851 (100 ml) was added and the Apex No. 851 contains magnesium (7 g) in the form of an oil-soluble magnesium salt containing anionic surfactant (2 g) in the form of naphthenates and sulfonates. The mixture was stirred well and added to the fuel oil simultaneously with 334 liters of water. A water mixture in oil was prepared in a 1: 3 volume ratio 1: 4 volume ratio. The mixture was stable and could be stored at room temperature (25-35 ° C.) without separation for several weeks.

Example 2

Comparison of oil-water mixtures and fuel oils

In heating 100 liters of water from 25 ° C. to 95 ° C., the 1: 4 water-oil mixture was compared to pure fuel oil.

The preheated oil was injected into the combustion chamber under pressure using a standard heater. The initial internal temperature of the combustion chamber was adjusted to 100 ° C., the temperature of water to 25 ° C. and the preheating temperature to 90 ° C. The oil pressure was 2 kg / cm ² . In each process, the air absorption amount and oil injection rate were adjusted to provide an optimum state for smokeless combustion. In each process, the initial fuel amount was measured and the residual fuel amount was measured to obtain the amount of fuel used. In the test, the results obtained as the average of the two processes are as follows.

Fuel consumption combustion chamber temperature

Heavy Fuel Oil 6.5kg Heavy Fuel Oil 860 ℃

Water-Oil Mixture 6.4kg Water-Oil Mixture 890 ℃

를 25℃에서 95℃까지 상승시키는데 요하는 시간Water 100

Time required to raise 25 ° C to 95 ° C

Heavy fuel oil 24 minutes 30 seconds

Water-oil mixture 24 minutes 15 seconds

Both fuels produced about the same amount of heat for the same consumption. The water-oil mixture contained 20% water, resulting in 20% fuel savings.

Although the combustion chamber temperature is 30 ° C higher, the total heat time is actually similar, so the heat dissipated is shown to be the same.

The oil-water mixture has a viscosity of 1.6 times that of pure oil, and it is necessary to raise the preheater to 10 ° C. or higher in order to obtain the same flow ratio.

Example 3

Using the same apparatus as in Example 2 except using a 1: 3 water-oil mixture, the amount of time and fuel required to boil a given amount of water from the initial temperature of 18 ° C. was measured.

During the process, the combustion chamber temperature was found to be, on average, 70 ° C higher than that of pure oil.

The following table shows the temperature rise ratio.

The average amount per process of pure oil used for the heating process was 5 kg and the average amount per process of the water-oil mixture used was 5.23 kg, where the amount of oil was 3.975 kg.

From this result, it was found that 20.5% of fuel was saved at a 1: 4 ratio. Since the heating time is substantially reduced, the real fuel savings are more than 20.5%. Also, the burning flame was reddish yellow, not pure smoke, but pure orange.

Claims (1)

6-11 parts by weight of a combustible emulsifier, C ₁₂ -C ₂₀ fatty acid glycerides, 4-9 parts by weight of ferrocene, 4.5-9.2 parts by weight of magnesium (as an soluble magnesium salt), anionic surfactant 1.4- in an oil-based liquid medium. Composition for stabilization of oil-water mixture, characterized in that 3 parts by weight, benzoic acid 0-12 parts by weight.