KR20240067377A - Apparatus for desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction using ammonia - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia. The desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia according to the present invention includes a chamber formed with an inlet through which exhaust gas flows, and ammonia (ammonia) inside the chamber. An ammonia gas supply unit that supplies NH ₃ ) gas to generate salt from NOx and _SO An electrostatic precipitator that collects electrical dust, a storage tank formed in the lower part of the chamber to store salt and ammonia water generated by a reaction in the chamber, and an ammonia concentrator that receives the ammonia water stored in the storage tank to generate ammonia gas and reuse it. Do it as

Description

Desulfurization, denitrification and fine dust reduction device using ammonia {APPARATUS FOR DESULFURIZATION, DENITRIFICATION, AND FINE DUST REDUCTION USING AMMONIA}

The present invention relates to a desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia. More specifically, _it sprays ammonia gas to convert _NO It relates to a device for desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction using ammonia.

Exhaust gases emitted from large-scale combustion facilities such as power _plants contain harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides ( _NO

Conventional treatment devices include a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) or SNCR (Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction) device for treating nitrogen oxides and a separate flue gas desulfurization (FGD) device for treating sulfur oxides. They were installed and processed separately. However, as the pollutants contained in the exhaust gas are treated sequentially through the two processes of denitrification and desulfurization, which have completely different characteristics, the initial investment and operating costs increase, and an optimal process combination of the denitrification and desulfurization processes is required. .

Therefore, in order to simultaneously perform desulfurization and denitrification, a facility was used to spray ammonia gas into the exhaust gas to convert NO _x and SO _x into salt particles and collect and treat them with an electric precipitator. At this time, the ammonia gas sprayed into the chamber is stored as ammonia water along with salt in the lower part of the chamber and discharged to the outside.

Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-0304080

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia that can reduce process costs by concentrating and separating salt from ammonia water containing salt stored in a storage tank at the bottom of the chamber and generating and reusing ammonia gas. It is in

The problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the problems mentioned above, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below.

The above object is, according to the present invention, a chamber in which an inlet through which exhaust gas flows is formed; An ammonia gas supply unit that supplies ammonia (NH ₃ ) gas into the chamber to generate salt from NOx and SO _x contained in the exhaust gas; a water spray unit including a nozzle that sprays water within the chamber; An electrostatic precipitator that collects electrostatic precipitate by charging salt above the nozzle; a storage tank formed in the lower part of the chamber to store salt and ammonia water generated by a reaction within the chamber; And it can be achieved by a desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia, which includes an ammonia concentrator that receives the ammonia water stored in the storage tank, generates ammonia gas, and reuses it.

Here, the ammonia concentrating unit may include a concentration accelerating unit that promotes concentration of salt contained in ammonia water.

Here, the concentration accelerating unit may include an ultrasonic coagulation device.

Here, the concentration accelerating unit may include an electric coagulation device.

Here, the ammonia enrichment unit includes a storage tank for storing ammonia water; And it may include a porous plate that separates the upper and lower spaces in the middle of the storage tank and blocks salt concentrated and precipitated in the lower portion from moving to the upper portion.

Here, a salt discharge pipe may be formed in the lower part of the storage tank to discharge condensed salt.

Here, the ammonia enrichment unit may include a pressure control unit that adjusts the internal pressure.

Here, the electrostatic precipitator is arranged in parallel with the direction of air movement on the air movement path, and includes a dust collecting part where a first plate to which a high voltage is applied and a second plate to which a voltage of opposite polarity to the high voltage is applied or grounded are alternately spaced apart; and a charged portion that protrudes toward a second plate adjacent to the air inlet end of the first plate and is electrically connected to the first plate to which the high voltage is applied.

Here, the first plate includes a flexible dust collection film and a fixed frame made of an electrically conductive and rigid material that supports an edge of the dust collection film, and the charged portion may be formed on the fixed frame.

Here, the charging portion includes a first discharge electrode and a second discharge electrode respectively protruding from both sides of the first plate, the first discharge electrode includes an insertion pin, and the second discharge electrode is coupled to the insertion pin. It may include a coupling groove.

Here, the dust collection film includes a flexible base film and an electrically conductive layer coated on the surface of the base film, and the conductive layer can conduct electricity to the fixing frame.

Here, the first plate or the second plate includes a flexible dust collection film and a fixed frame made of an electrically conductive rigid material that supports an edge of the dust collection film, and the fixed frame is connected to the first plate or the second plate. It includes a lower frame supporting the lower end of the frame, and the upper surface of the lower frame may be formed as an inclined surface.

Here, a drain hole may be formed in the lower frame to discharge liquid flowing down the inclined surface.

According to the desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia of the present invention as described above, process costs can be reduced by concentrating and separating salt from ammonia water containing salt stored in the lower part of the chamber and generating and reusing ammonia gas. There is an advantage.

In addition, it facilitates the discharge of moisture collected on the plates of the electrostatic precipitator to prevent breakdown due to insulation breakdown and deterioration of the dust collection function, so the dust collection performance is high even in a humid environment containing highly corrosive moisture, eliminating salt and fine dust. It also has the advantage of high particle removal efficiency.

In addition, there is an advantage that the configuration of the charging part of the electrostatic precipitator is simple and maintenance is easy.

Figure 1 is a diagram showing the schematic configuration of a desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 shows the ammonia enrichment section of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the electrostatic precipitator of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of Figure 3.
Figure 5 shows a first plate on which a charged portion is formed.
Figure 6 is a diagram showing the charging and dust collection action of the electric precipitator.
Figure 7 is a diagram showing the drainage function of the second plate.
Figure 8 shows various embodiments of the second plate.

Specific details of the embodiments are included in the detailed description and drawings.

The advantages and features of the present invention and methods for achieving them will become clear by referring to the embodiments described in detail below along with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below and may be implemented in various different forms. The present embodiments are merely provided to ensure that the disclosure of the present invention is complete and to be understood by those skilled in the art in the technical field to which the present invention pertains. It is provided to fully inform those who have the scope of the invention, and the present invention is only defined by the scope of the claims. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the specification.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings for explaining a desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia according to embodiments of the present invention.

Figure 1 is a diagram showing the schematic configuration of a desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 2 shows the ammonia enrichment unit of Figure 1.

The desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a chamber 100, an ammonia gas supply unit 110, a water spray unit, an electrostatic precipitator 130, a storage tank 140, and an ammonia enrichment unit. It may be configured to include (150).

The present invention is placed at the rear of a facility that emits a large amount of exhaust gas, such as a power plant, and can simultaneously remove nitrogen oxides (NO _x ) and sulfur oxides (SO _x ) contained in the exhaust gas and also treat fine particles (PM). It's about a device.

The chamber 100 provides a space where exhaust gas is processed, and an inlet 101 through which exhaust gas flows is formed on the lower outer wall, and on the upper side, NO _x , SO _x , and fine dust contained in the exhaust gas are reduced. An outlet 102 through which the final processed exhaust gas is discharged may be formed.

Since the inlet 101 is formed at the bottom and the outlet 102 is formed at the top, the exhaust gas flowing into the chamber 100 flows from the bottom to the top within the chamber 100.

The water spray unit sprays water within the chamber 100. A nozzle 122 is formed in the middle of the chamber 100 below the electrostatic precipitator 130, and water is supplied from the water storage tank 124 and sprayed as fine droplets into the chamber 100 through the nozzle 122. You can. The water injected into the chamber 100 does not react within the chamber 100 and can be stored again as ammonia water in the storage tank 140 at the bottom of the chamber 100 along with the untreated ammonia gas. Ammonia water may be injected again through the nozzle 122 using the pump 142.

A plurality of nozzles 122 are spaced apart in the horizontal direction within the chamber 100 and can spray water or ammonia water downward. At the beginning of operation of the device, stored water stored in the water storage tank 124 is sprayed through the nozzle 122, and later, ammonia water stored in the storage tank 140 at the bottom of the chamber 100 can be sprayed. When the concentration of stored ammonia water increases, water can be sprayed again.

An ozone supply unit 160 may be formed in front of the inlet 101 through which exhaust gas flows into the chamber 100. The ozone supply unit 150 supplies ozone to the exhaust gas or generates ozone in the path through which the exhaust gas flows and reacts with the non-water-soluble NO contained in the exhaust gas as shown in Reaction Formula 1 below to generate water-soluble NO ₂ .

NO+O ₃ → NO ₂ +O ₂ <Reaction Formula 1>

The ammonia gas supply unit 110 supplies ammonia (NH ₃ ) gas to the inside of the chamber 100 to generate solid particles, salt _, from _NO You can. The ammonia gas supply unit 110 may be composed of an atomizer that sprays liquid ammonia as gas.

2NH ₃ (g) + SO ₂ (g) + H ₂ O(g) ⇔ (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₃ (s)

NH ₃ (g) + SO ₂ (g) + H ₂ O ⇔ NH ₄ HSO ₃ (s) <Scheme 2>

NO ₂ + H ₂ O → HNO ₃ + H

NO ₃ + H -> HNO ₃

HNO ₃ + NH ₃ → NH ₄ NO ₃ <Scheme 3>

The water sprayed into the chamber 100 from the nozzle 122 not only causes a reaction in which salt is generated as described above, but also coarsens the generated salt particles and stores the coarsened salt particles in the storage tank at the bottom of the chamber 100. By collecting and processing the salt particles in (140), it serves to pre-treat the salt before the salt particles are collected in the electrostatic precipitator (130). In addition, the water sprayed from the nozzle 122 serves to collect ammonia gas remaining in the chamber 100 without reacting with the exhaust gas in the storage tank 140 in the form of ammonia water.

An electrostatic precipitator 130 may be formed on the upper part of the nozzle 122 in the chamber 100 to charge other fine particles, including salt particles and dust generated by ammonia gas injection, and collect them using the force of an electric field.

As described above, the salt generated by spraying water from the nozzle 122 can be collected and pretreated in the storage tank 140 at the bottom of the chamber 100. Some of the salt and fine dust not collected in the storage tank 140 are Dust may be collected and treated in the electrostatic precipitator 130 above the nozzle 122.

The storage tank 140 is formed in the lower part of the chamber 100 and stores salt and ammonia water generated by reaction with water and ammonia gas sprayed into the chamber 100. In the storage tank 140, salt may precipitate below the storage tank 140, and the ammonia water in the storage tank 140 may be injected back into the chamber 100 through the nozzle 122 by the pump 142.

The ammonia concentrating unit 150 receives the ammonia water stored in the storage tank 140, concentrates and extracts the salt, generates ammonia gas from the ammonia water, and supplies it into the chamber 100.

The ammonia enrichment unit 150 may include a storage tank 151, a concentration promotion unit, and a pressure control unit 152.

The storage tank 151 is a tank that receives and stores the ammonia water stored in the storage tank 140. The ammonia water stored in the storage tank 151 may contain salts generated within the chamber 100. Fine-sized salts contained in ammonia water can be coarsened and concentrated in a storage tank. The concentrated salt can be discharged to the outside of the storage tank (1510) and treated.

The concentration accelerator promotes the concentration of salts contained in ammonia water.

For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the concentration accelerator may be composed of an ultrasonic coagulation device 155 that vibrates ammonia water by applying ultrasonic waves. Salt particles in ammonia water may coagulate with each other and become coarse due to fine vibration caused by ultrasonic waves applied from the ultrasonic coagulation device 155.

As another example, the concentration accelerating unit may be composed of an electrocoagulation device 156. An electrode may be placed inside the storage tank 151 and a current may be applied to the electrode to elute metal ions and promote salt aggregation through reaction with the salt.

As another example, a coagulant may be added to the storage tank 151. A coagulant can promote salt aggregation by acting as a seed for salt aggregation.

The above-described ultrasonic coagulation device 155, electric coagulation device 156, and salt concentration method by adding a coagulant can be used in combination.

Condensed salt may precipitate at the bottom of the storage tank 151. A porous plate 158 may be formed in the middle of the storage tank 151 to separate the upper and lower spaces and block salts concentrated and precipitated in the lower portion from moving to the upper portion. Through the hole formed in the porous plate 158, ammonia water can flow through the upper and lower parts of the porous plate 158, but the concentrated and precipitated salt does not pass through the hole and settles at the bottom of the storage tank 151 to be separated and processed. You can. For reference, the porous plate 158 is not shown in FIG. 2 .

A salt discharge pipe 159 may be formed at the bottom of the storage tank 151 to discharge the condensed salt to the outside. After depleting the ammonia water in the storage tank, the salt precipitated at the bottom of the storage tank can be discharged to the outside through the salt discharge pipe 159.

A pressure control unit 152 may be formed in the ammonia enrichment unit 150 to control the internal pressure. The inside of the storage tank 151 is sealed, and the internal pressure can be adjusted by the pressure regulator 152. Depending on the internal pressure, the saturation temperature at which ammonia contained in ammonia water evaporates can be adjusted. Therefore, the amount of ammonia gas generated by evaporation in the ammonia enrichment unit 150 can be controlled by controlling the pressure inside the storage tank 151 by the pressure control unit 152.

A pipe 112 through which ammonia gas flows is formed between the ammonia gas supply unit 110 and the chamber 100. A pipe 114 extending from the ammonia enrichment unit 150 may be connected in the middle of the pipe 112. . Ammonia gas generated from the ammonia enrichment unit 150 may be supplied into the chamber 100 through the pipes 112 and 114.

The electrostatic precipitator 130 is disposed on the upper side of the nozzle 122 to charge the salt particles generated within the chamber 100 and the fine particles contained in the exhaust gas and collect them on the plates 131a and 132b using electrostatic force for processing. do.

Hereinafter, the detailed configuration of the electrostatic precipitator 130 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 8.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the electrostatic precipitator of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is an separated perspective view of FIG. 3, FIG. 5 shows a first plate on which a charged portion is formed, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the charging and dust collection action of the electrostatic precipitator. 7 is a diagram showing the drainage function of the second plate, and FIG. 8 shows various embodiments of the second plate.

As shown in the drawing, the electric precipitator 130 according to the present invention may include a dust collection part 131, a high voltage application part 132, and a charged part 133 formed in the dust collection part 131.

The dust collection unit 131 includes a plurality of plates 131a and 131b arranged in parallel with the direction of air movement on an air movement path from the bottom to the top inside the chamber 100. The dust collection unit 131 is used to collect charged particles in the air passing between a pair of adjacent plates 131a and 131b using electrostatic force. One plate 131a of the pair of adjacent plates 131a and 131b is provided. A high voltage is applied, and a voltage of opposite polarity to the high voltage may be applied to the other plate 131b or may be grounded.

In this embodiment, for convenience of explanation, the plate to which a high voltage is applied is divided into a first plate 131a, and the plate to which a voltage of opposite polarity is applied or grounded is divided into a second plate 131b. This dust collection unit 131 may include a plurality of first plates 131a and second plates 131b to improve dust collection performance, and the first plates 131a and second plates 131b are alternately spaced apart. can be placed.

As shown in FIG. 5, the first plate 131a includes a flexible film-shaped dust collection film 1310 and a fixed frame 1315 made of an electrically conductive and rigid material that supports the edge of the dust collection film 1310. It may be configured to include.

The dust collection film 1310 is formed of a flexible non-metallic non-conductive base film 1311, an electrically conductive layer 1312 formed on the base film 1311, and an insulating material on the conductive layer 1312. It may be configured to include a coating layer 1313.

Here, the base film 1311 is made of a flexible non-metallic non-conductive material, and plastic, such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PVC (polyvinyl chloride), etc., may be used as the non-metallic non-conductive material.

Additionally, the conductive layer 1312 may be formed through carbon coating. Although carbon is a non-metal, it has electrical conductivity and is incomparably lighter than metal. It also has the advantage of having strong corrosion resistance against corrosive gases. Furthermore, it can be easily manufactured by coating the base film 1311, and has the advantage of low manufacturing cost. This conductive layer 1312 is preferably formed to be slightly smaller than the base film 1311. That is, the edge of the conductive layer 1312 is formed inside the edge of the base film 1311, so that the edge of the conductive layer 1312 is not exposed to the outside. This prevents sparks from occurring when a high voltage is applied to the conductive layer 1312 and ensures electrical stability.

Additionally, the coating layer 1313 may be made of an insulating material (eg, plastic) formed on the conductive layer 1312. The coating layer 1313 is formed to have the same size as the base film 1311, so that a conductive layer 1312 is formed between the coating layer 1313 and the base film 1311, and as described above, the edge of the conductive layer 1312 is It is desirable to avoid exposure to the outside. The conductive layer 1312 formed of carbon coating has strong corrosion resistance by itself, but can have even stronger corrosion resistance by the coating layer 1313.

The conductive layer 1312 and the coating layer 1313 may be formed on both sides of the base film 1311, respectively, as shown in FIG. 5, or may be formed on only one side of the base film 1311.

The fixing frame 1315 is made of a hard, rigid material with electrical conductivity and supports the edge of the dust collection film 1310. This fixing frame 1315 is coupled along the edge of the dust collection film 1310 while the dust collection film 1310 is pulled tightly, and may be fixed to the edge of the dust collection film 1310 through bonding. It is not limited to this and can also be fixed by mechanical coupling. Therefore, in the present invention, the flatness of the flexible dust collection film 1310 can be maintained by the fixed frame 1315 made of a rigid material, making it possible to implement a large-area plate in the form of a film with a width of 1 m or more that is not easily bent or curved. there is.

Meanwhile, an electrically conductive portion (not shown) is formed in the coating layer 1313 located on the edge of the dust collection film 1310 to expose a portion of the conductive layer 1312, so that the conductive layer 1312 and the fixing frame 1315 are electrically connected to each other. so that it can be connected to .

The charged portion 133 protrudes toward the second plate 131b adjacent to the air inlet end of the first plate 131a. The charged portion 133 is electrically connected to the first plate 131a so that a high voltage can be applied together with the conductive layer 1312 of the first plate 131a. In the present invention, since air flows from below to above the chamber 100, the charged portion 133 may be formed in the lower frame of the fixing frame 1315 of the first plate 131a. When a high voltage is applied to the fixing frame 1315 of the electrically conductive first plate 131a, the high voltage is simultaneously applied to the charged portion 133 formed on the fixing frame 1315 and the conductive layer 1312 of the first plate 131a. It can be authorized.

As shown in FIG. 5, the charged portion 133 is connected to the second plate 131b located on both sides of the first plate 131a from the fixing frame 1315 located at the air inlet end of the first plate 131a. It is formed to protrude toward and may include a first discharge electrode 1330 protruding from one side of the fixing frame 1315 and a second discharge electrode 1335 protruding from the other side of the fixing frame 1315, It is electrically connected through the fixed frame 1315 and the same high voltage as that of the first plate 131a is applied. The first discharge electrode 1330 and the second discharge electrode 1335 may each have a conical or pyramidal shape with sharp protruding ends. In addition, the first discharge electrode 1330 includes an insertion pin 1331 that penetrates a through hole formed in the fixing frame 1315, and the second discharge electrode 1335 includes an insertion pin (1331) penetrating the fixing frame 1315. 1331) and may include a coupling groove 1336, and the insertion pin 1331 and the coupling groove 1336 may be screwed together. Accordingly, the mechanical rigidity of the first discharge electrode 1330 and the second discharge electrode 1335 can be increased, and maintenance and assembly convenience can be improved.

The second plate 131b may be configured to include a flexible dust collection film 1310 and a fixing frame 1315, similar to the first plate 131a.

The fixing frame 1315 of the second plate 131b includes a lower frame supporting the lower end. The upper surface of this lower frame is made of an inclined surface with a predetermined slope, and a drainage hole 1316 is located at the lowest end of the inclined surface. ) can be formed.

That is, the lower frame constituting the fixing frame 1315 of the second plate 131b has a drain hole 1316 formed in one area, and the upper surface of the lower frame in contact with the drain hole 1316 has the drain hole 1316. It may be formed as an inclined surface inclined downward toward 1316, and the drain hole 1316 may be formed in a form where a part of the lower frame is omitted. For example, the drain hole 1316 may be formed in the center of the lower frame or at one end of the lower frame as shown in (a) of FIG. 8, and may be formed in the lower frame as shown in (b) of FIG. 8 for effective discharge of moisture. Multiple can be formed on the frame.

When dust collection is performed in a humid environment in the chamber 100 as in the present invention, moisture collected on the dust collection film 1310 flows down in the form of water droplets (W) and forms a step with the surface of the dust collection film 1310. It can be collected on the upper surface of the lower frame. At this time, as the water droplets (W) collected on the upper surface of the lower frame become protruding from the surface of the dust collection film 1310, the potential difference with the adjacent plate decreases, resulting in no electric field being formed or failure and function due to insulation breakdown. There is a risk of causing deterioration.

According to the present invention, moisture collected on the dust collection film 1310 and flowing down in the form of water droplets (W) is guided to the drain hole 1316 by the inclined surface, and at this time, between the drain hole 1316 and the dust collection film 1310. Since there is no separate boundary, it can smoothly escape to the lower part of the second plate 131b through the drain hole 1316. Accordingly, moisture collected along with fine dust in a humid environment can be easily discharged to the lower part of the second plate (131b), making it possible to use it in a humid environment, as well as allowing the collected moisture to remain in the second plate (131b). Since it does not soften and can be discharged directly through the drain hole 1316, it is possible to minimize degradation of the durability of the second plate 131b due to corrosive moisture even in a highly corrosive and humid environment.

Meanwhile, the above-described inclined surface and drain hole 1316 may also be formed in the lower frame of the first plate 131a.

The high voltage application unit 132 is electrically connected to the first plate 131a and the second plate 131b, respectively, and applies the high voltage to the first plate 131a and the high voltage and the second plate 131b. Apply a voltage of opposite polarity or ground.

Hereinafter, the operation of the electrostatic precipitator 130 applicable to the above-mentioned humid environment will be described.

The electric precipitator 130 according to this embodiment has the charged part 133 disposed at the air inlet end of the first plate 131a, so that when a high voltage is applied to the first plate 131a, the charged part 133 The same high voltage is applied to generate a corona discharge between the first plate 131a and the second plate 131b, which causes salt particles and dust to flow between the first plate 131a and the second plate 131b. etc. are charged with positive ions (or negative ions). Next, the charged particles can be collected by moving them to the second plate (131b) with the force of the electric field generated by the potential difference between the first plate (131a) and the second plate (131b). For example, when a positive high voltage is applied to the first plate 131a, positive ions are generated in the charged portion 133 that receives the same high voltage as that of the first plate 131a, and particles charged with positive ions are generated in the grounded electrode. 2 Dust may be collected on the plate 131b.

Here, the first discharge electrode 1330 and the second discharge electrode 1335 constituting the charging portion 133 have a conical or pyramidal shape with sharp protruding ends, thereby increasing mechanical rigidity, and the first discharge electrode 1335 has a sharp protruding end. As the plate 131a is detachably assembled into a through hole formed in the fixing frame 1315, maintenance and assembly convenience can be improved.

In addition, the first discharge electrode 1330 and the second discharge electrode 1335 are electrically connected to the first plate 131a and the same high voltage as that of the first plate 131a is applied, thereby forming the charged portion 133 as in the prior art. Since a separate power supply unit for applying high voltage can be omitted, the configuration and control of the device can be simplified.

The plates 131a and 131b of this embodiment are configured to support the edge of the dust collection film 1310, which is in the form of a film, with a fixed frame 1315 made of a rigid material, so that the plate is in the form of a film with a large area and is flat. Since it can secure the airflow, it can be used for purifying the exhaust of large spaces such as thermal power plants or large industrial facilities.

An inclined surface and a drain hole 1316 are formed in the lower frame of the fixing frame 1315 that supports the edge of the dust collection film 1310. Accordingly, while the moisture collected on the surface of the dust collection film 1310 flows down in the form of water droplets (W), it is naturally guided to the drain hole 1316 along the slope of the lower frame and discharged through the drain hole 1316. The water droplets (W) may be discharged to the outside of the device through the drain pipe 1318 disposed below the drain hole 1316. Accordingly, since the moisture collected in the plates 131a and 131b can be easily discharged in a humid environment, the dust collection operation can be smoothly performed even in a humid environment, especially an environment containing highly corrosive moisture.

Hereinafter, the operation of the desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia according to the present invention will be described.

Exhaust gas emitted from large-scale combustion facilities such as power plants flows in through the inlet 101 at the bottom of the chamber 100. Exhaust gases may include NOx, SOx, and fine dust. An SCR for denitrification may be separately placed in front of the desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia according to the present invention. Even if denitrification is performed in the SCR, it may not be completely removed and the exhaust gas flowing into the chamber 100 may contain NO _x components.

It is desirable to supply ozone from the ozone supply unit 160 or generate ozone before entering the chamber 100 to change the non-soluble NO contained in the exhaust gas into water-soluble NO2.

Water is sprayed through the nozzle 122 at the top of the chamber 100, and ammonia gas is supplied into the chamber 100 through the ammonia gas supply unit 110 on one side of the chamber 100. _Accordingly , _SO .

The salt generated by the reaction may be coarsened by water sprayed into the chamber 100 and stored in the storage tank 140 below the chamber 100. That is, ammonia water along with salt may be stored in the storage tank 140. The ammonia water stored in the storage tank 140 may be circulated through the nozzle 122 and sprayed into the chamber 100. That is, water is sprayed through the nozzle 122 at the beginning of operation of the device, but during the process, ammonia water contained in the storage tank 140 can be controlled to be sprayed through the nozzle 122.

Some of the ammonia water contained in the storage tank 140 is transferred to the ammonia concentrator 150, where the salts contained in the ammonia water are concentrated and extracted, and the ammonia water is evaporated to generate ammonia gas. The generated ammonia gas may be supplied into the chamber 100.

At this time, an ultrasonic coagulation device 155 and an electric coagulation device 156 may be formed in the ammonia concentration unit 150 to promote the salt concentration process. Alternatively, a coagulant that promotes coagulation may be added.

Meanwhile, a pressure control unit 152 may be formed in the ammonia enrichment unit 150 to control the pressure inside the storage tank 151. By adjusting the pressure inside the storage tank 151 by the pressure control unit 152, the saturation temperature for evaporation of ammonia from ammonia water can be controlled, and thus the amount of ammonia gas generated in the ammonia enrichment unit 150 can be controlled. There is a number.

The salt generated within the chamber 100 is collected and processed in the storage tank 140, but some untreated salt moves to the upper part of the nozzle 122 along with fine dust and is collected and treated in an electrostatic precipitator through the outlet 102. Purified air can be discharged. Since the operation of the electrostatic precipitator 130 has been described above, detailed operations thereof will be omitted.

The scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but may be implemented in various forms of embodiments within the scope of the appended claims. It is considered to be within the scope of the claims of the present invention to the extent that anyone skilled in the art can make modifications without departing from the gist of the invention as claimed in the claims.

100: chamber 101: inlet
102: outlet 110: ammonia gas supply unit
122: nozzle 124: water storage tank
130: electrostatic precipitator 131: dust collection unit
131a: first plate 131b: second plate
1310: Dust collection film 1311: Base film
1312: conductive layer 1313: coating layer
1315: Fixed frame 1316: Drain hole
1318: drain pipe 132: high voltage applicator
133: charging part 1330, 1335: discharge electrode
1331: Insertion pin 1336: Coupling groove
140: storage tank 150: ammonia concentration section
151: storage tank 152: pressure regulator
155: Ultrasonic coagulation device 156: Electric coagulation device
158: porous plate 159: salt discharge pipe
160: Ozone supply department

Claims (13)

A chamber formed with an inlet through which exhaust gas flows;
An ammonia gas supply unit that supplies ammonia (NH ₃ ) gas into the chamber to generate salt from NOx and SO _x contained in the exhaust gas;
a water spray unit including a nozzle that sprays water within the chamber;
An electrostatic precipitator that collects electrostatic precipitate by charging salt above the nozzle;
a storage tank formed in the lower part of the chamber to store salt and ammonia water generated by a reaction within the chamber; and
A desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia, comprising an ammonia concentrator that receives ammonia water stored in the storage tank, generates ammonia gas, and reuses the ammonia gas. According to claim 1,
A desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia, wherein the ammonia enrichment portion includes a concentration accelerator that promotes concentration of salts contained in ammonia water. According to clause 2,
The concentration accelerator is a desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia that includes an ultrasonic coagulation device. According to clause 2,
The concentration accelerator is a desulfurization, denitrification and fine dust reduction device using ammonia including an electric coagulation device. According to claim 1,
The ammonia concentration section
A storage tank for storing ammonia water; and
A desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia comprising a porous plate that separates the upper and lower spaces in the middle of the storage tank and blocks salts concentrated and precipitated in the lower portion from moving to the upper portion. According to clause 5,
A desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia in which a salt discharge pipe for discharging condensed salt is formed at the bottom of the storage tank. According to claim 1,
The ammonia concentration section
A desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia that includes a pressure regulator that regulates internal pressure. According to claim 1,
The electrostatic precipitator is
A dust collector arranged in parallel with the direction of air movement on the air movement path, and having a first plate to which a high voltage is applied and a second plate to which a voltage of opposite polarity to the high voltage is applied or grounded are alternately spaced apart from each other. and
A desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia that protrudes toward a second plate adjacent to the air inlet end of the first plate and is electrically connected to the first plate to include a charged portion to which the high voltage is applied. . According to clause 8,
The first plate includes a flexible dust collection film and a fixed frame made of an electrically conductive and rigid material that supports an edge of the dust collection film,
The charging unit is a desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia formed in the fixed frame. According to clause 8,
The charged portion includes a first discharge electrode and a second discharge electrode respectively protruding from both sides of the first plate,
The first discharge electrode includes an insertion pin, and the second discharge electrode includes a coupling groove into which the insertion pin is inserted and coupled. According to clause 9,
The dust collection film includes a flexible base film and an electrically conductive conductive layer coated on the surface of the base film,
The conductive layer is a desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia that conducts electricity with the fixed frame. According to claim 1,
The first plate or the second plate includes a flexible dust collection film and a fixed frame made of an electrically conductive rigid material that supports an edge of the dust collection film,
The fixed frame includes a lower frame supporting a lower end of the first plate or the second plate, and the upper surface of the lower frame is formed as an inclined surface. A desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia. According to claim 12,
A desulfurization, denitrification, and fine dust reduction device using ammonia in which a drain hole is formed in the lower frame to discharge liquid flowing down the slope.

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