KR20230065397A - Extrusion three-dimension print application and printing method using them - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are an extrusion-type three-dimensional (3D) printer and a printing method using the same. In the present specification, disclosed are an extrusion-type 3D printer including a flattening unit that slightly vibrates at a set cycle and a printing method using the same. Therefore, the present invention can prevent defective printing.

Description

Extrusion type 3D printer and printing method using the same {EXTRUSION THREE-DIMENSION PRINT APPLICATION AND PRINTING METHOD USING THEM}

The present invention relates to an extrusion-type three-dimensional printer and a printing method using the same.

In particular, it relates to an extrusion type 3D printer capable of preventing defects during printing using a flattening unit vibrating at a set frequency and a printing method using the same.

A 3D printer is a device that prints objects in a three-dimensional space, not a device that prints using a traditional printing method. 3D printers have been limited to making simple items or prototypes due to high production cost and slow printing speed, but due to continuous technology development, they have recently been used to make complex items (eg, artificial joints, artificial arteries, etc.) or actual products. It is being utilized.

Recently, high-rise buildings are constructed using an extrusion-type 3D printer that stacks hardened layers while extruding materials, and recently, utilization is increasing, such as being used for spacecraft development.

As such, 3D printers are becoming more and more useful, but there are still many problems to be solved.

In general, an extrusion type printer operates by discharging hot material through a moving nozzle and stacking the material, but the material is adhered to the nozzle and the material discharged to the outside is not formed flat, and the material is not piled up in some parts or in other parts. A lot of silver material is piled up, resulting in unevenly stacked problems (roughness of the surface), or a problem in that the material is not properly stacked because the material discharged to the outside is cut in the middle.

Domestic Patent Publication No. "10-2017-0093431" 2017.08.16

An object of the present invention according to an embodiment is to solve the above problems, and to provide an extrusion-type 3D printer and a printing method using the same, in which materials are uniformly stacked and no defective printing problem occurs.

An extrusion-type 3D printer according to an embodiment includes an extrusion unit that pressurizes and supplies materials at a set pressure, a nozzle unit disposed on one side of the extrusion unit and having a hole through which the supplied material can move to the outside, and one end of the nozzle unit. It includes a flattening portion disposed on at least one side of the portion and in contact with the material moved to the outside.

The flattening unit is characterized in that it vibrates at a set frequency.

The flattening unit is characterized in that it is disposed in a shape surrounding the nozzle unit.

One surface of the nozzle part is formed to be flat, and the flattening part is disposed adjacent to the nozzle part so as to be horizontal with one surface of the nozzle.

One end of the flattening unit may be disposed protruding from an end of the nozzle unit.

The flattening unit is composed of a plurality of flattening units, and each flattening unit is connected to a lifting unit that moves up and down according to power supply.

One side of the flattening unit is formed to be rounded toward the other side, and the nozzle unit is connected to the tilt unit to be tiltable.

The flattening unit is connected to a rotating unit for applying rotational power and can be rotated around the hole.

A printing method using an extrusion-type 3D printer according to an embodiment includes an extrusion supply step of supplying a material to an extrusion unit by pressurizing the material at a set pressure, and supplying the material to a nozzle unit including a hole communicating with the extrusion unit. A printing step of supplying and discharging the material to the outside and a flattening step of flattening the material by bringing a flattening unit having one surface flat into contact with the material discharged to the outside.

In the flattening step, the flattening unit vibrates at a set cycle.

The present invention according to an embodiment includes a flattening unit arranged adjacent to the nozzle unit and vibrating at a set frequency to prevent adhesion of the material to the nozzle unit, and to discharge and stack the material flat, so that the material is printed with defects. this doesn't happen

1 shows an extrusion-type three-dimensional printer according to the present invention according to a first embodiment.
2 is an enlarged view of a nozzle part and a flattening part of an extrusion type 3D printer according to the present invention according to a first embodiment.
3 shows a nozzle unit, a flattening unit, and a rotation unit of an extrusion type 3D printer according to the present invention according to a second embodiment.
4 shows a nozzle part and a flattening part of an extrusion type 3D printer according to the present invention according to a third embodiment.
5 shows a nozzle unit, a flattening unit, and an elevation unit of an extrusion-type 3D printer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
6 shows a nozzle part, a flattening part, and a tilt part of an extrusion-type 3D printer according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
7 shows a state in which the tilt unit of the extrusion-type 3D printer of the present invention according to the fifth embodiment is operated.
8 shows a nozzle part, a flattening part, a tilt part, and a rotation part of an extrusion type 3D printer according to the present invention according to a sixth embodiment.
9 shows a sequence of a printing method using an extrusion type 3D printer according to the present invention according to an embodiment.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail through exemplary drawings. However, this is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

In adding reference numerals to components of each drawing, it should be noted that the same components have the same numerals as much as possible even if they are displayed on different drawings. In addition, in describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known configuration or function may obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted.

In addition, the size or shape of the components shown in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity and convenience of description. In addition, terms specifically defined in consideration of the configuration and operation of the present invention are only for describing the embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

1 shows an extrusion type 3D printer according to the present invention according to a first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a nozzle part and a flattening part of an extrusion type 3D printer according to the present invention according to the first embodiment.

The extrusion type 3D printer of the present invention according to the first embodiment includes a moving track unit 100, an extrusion unit 200, a material supply unit 300, a nozzle unit 400 and a flattening unit 500.

The moving track unit 100 includes a horizontal frame unit 110 disposed along the horizontal direction, a vertical frame unit 120 and a vertical frame unit 120 disposed along the vertical direction in a direction crossing the horizontal frame unit 110. and a cross frame portion 130 disposed in a direction crossing the horizontal frame portion 110.

Here, each of the horizontal frame unit 110 and the vertical frame unit 120 may be configured in plurality (for example, two units). In addition, the cross frame part 130 may be arranged in a form connecting the vertical frame part 120 . A horizontal track unit and a cross track unit may be disposed in the horizontal frame unit 110 and the cross frame unit 130 along the longitudinal direction.

Here, a horizontal moving device 140 may be disposed at an end of the vertical frame unit 120 . Accordingly, the vertical frame unit 120 can be moved along the horizontal track unit by the horizontal moving device 140 and moved along the longitudinal direction of the horizontal frame unit 110 . Therefore, the cross frame unit 130 connected to the vertical frame unit 120 may also be moved along the longitudinal direction of the horizontal frame unit 110 .

The cross movement device 150 may be disposed in the cross track portion of the cross frame portion 130 . Therefore, the nozzle unit 400 connected to the cross movement device 150, which will be described in detail later, can be moved along the cross track portion and moved along the longitudinal direction of the cross frame portion 130.

Meanwhile, the cross movement device 150 may be moved along a direction that is horizontal to the vertical frame unit 120, which is a direction crossing the cross frame unit 130. Therefore, the nozzle unit 400 connected to the cross movement device 150 can be moved in the vertical direction (z-axis).

In addition, the cross movement device 150 is formed to be able to rotate. Therefore, the nozzle unit 400 and the flattening unit 500, which are components connected to the cross movement device 150, can be rotated 360 degrees relative to the axis.

The extrusion part 200 may be connected to the moving track part 100 . More accurately, the extrusion unit 200 may be connected to the cross movement device 150 . Accordingly, the extrusion unit 200 may move in a horizontal direction (x-axis), a cross direction (y-axis), and a vertical direction (z-axis).

Although not shown inside the extrusion unit 200, a screw is disposed. Therefore, the material supplied into the extrusion unit 200 (for example, supplied through the upper side of the extrusion unit 200) may be moved downward while being pressed at a set pressure. Material supply to the extrusion unit 200 may be possible by the material supply unit 300 .

The material supply unit 300 is connected to one side (upper side when referring to FIG. 1) of the extrusion unit 200, and may supply a material in the form of a filament, for example. Therefore, since the material supply unit 300 continuously supplies the material, the material extruded through the nozzle unit 400 according to the operation of the extrusion unit 200 may be accumulated to a set thickness according to the movement of the nozzle unit 400.

The nozzle unit 400 is disposed on the other side (lower side in reference to FIG. 1 ) of the extrusion unit 200 . The nozzle unit 400 is formed with a hole, and the hole of the nozzle unit 400 communicates with the extrusion unit 200 . Therefore, the material extruded and moved through the nozzle unit 400 may be discharged to the outside.

In addition, a heating unit may be formed inside the nozzle unit 400 . The heating unit may be disposed in a shape surrounding the hole of the nozzle unit 400 . The heating unit may generate heat at a set temperature when power is supplied. Accordingly, the heating unit may impart ductility to the material by applying heat to the material moving through the hole of the nozzle unit 400 .

A flattening unit 500 having a flat surface 501 is disposed at one end of the nozzle unit 400 . The flattening unit 500 vibrates at a set frequency when power is supplied. Here, the flattening unit 500 may be, for example, an ultrasonic vibrator. The vibration of the flattening unit 500 does not interfere with the movement of the nozzle unit 400, but very fine vibration can be applied to the nozzle unit 400. Therefore, the material moving through the hole of the nozzle unit 400 may not be adhered to the nozzle unit 400 due to minute vibrations. Therefore, the present invention can solve the problem that the material is erroneously discharged when the material is discharged through the hole of the nozzle unit 400 .

In addition, the flat surface 501 (lower side in FIG. 2), which is one end surface of the flattening unit 500, is formed flat. Here, as can be seen in FIG. 2 , the flat surface 501 of the flattening unit 500 is disposed while maintaining a level with one end of the nozzle unit 400 . (As can be seen in FIG. 2, the flat surface 501 does not protrude downward from the nozzle unit 400.) Therefore, when the nozzle unit 400 moves to the right in FIG. 2, the flat surface 501 of the flattening unit 500 ) is located on the left side of the hole of the nozzle unit 400 and comes into contact with the other surface (upper surface with reference to FIG. 2) of the extruded and laminated material. Accordingly, the material can be flattened by the flat surface 501 .

Then, as described above, since the flat surface 501 is vibrated at a set frequency, materials in contact with each other can be flattened.

As described above, in the present invention, when the material is discharged from the nozzle part 400 through the flattening part 500 that comes into contact with the nozzle part 400 and the material at the same time, the material adheres to the nozzle part 400 and the material is broken or the surface of the material is rough. can prevent it from happening.

3 shows a nozzle unit, a flattening unit, and a rotation unit of an extrusion type 3D printer according to the present invention according to a second embodiment.

The extrusion-type 3D printer according to the second embodiment has a similar configuration compared to the extrusion-type 3D printer according to the first embodiment, but may additionally include a rotation unit 600. The rotating unit 600 may be connected to the flattening unit 500 . Here, the flattening unit 500 may be rotatably disposed on one side of the nozzle unit 400 .

In FIG. 3, the flattening unit 500 and the nozzle unit 400 are shown in a cross-sectional view, so their three-dimensional shapes may not be confirmed, but the flattening unit 500 may be formed in a semi-conical shape.

The rotating unit 600 rotates the flattening unit 500 around the nozzle unit 400 when power is applied. Accordingly, the position of the flattening unit 500 is changed according to the movement of the nozzle unit 400, and the material can be flattened. That is, in FIG. 3, when the flattening unit 500 is located on the left side of the nozzle unit 400, and the nozzle unit 400 moves to the right side and discharges the material, it can be flattened by contacting the material. When 400 is moved to the right, the flattening unit 500 is moved to the right by the operation of the rotation unit 600 and can perform the same role as described above. Here, the flattening unit 500 may vibrate minutely at a set frequency.

4 shows a nozzle part and a flattening part of an extrusion type 3D printer according to the present invention according to a third embodiment.

The nozzle unit 400 and the flattening unit 500 of the extrusion type 3D printer according to the third embodiment are formed in a shape in which the flattening unit 500 is formed in a cylindrical shape and surrounds the nozzle unit 400 . That is, since the flattening unit 500 is not affected by the movement of the nozzle unit 400, there is no problem even if the extrusion-type 3D printer according to the third embodiment does not include the rotating unit 600. That is, the flattening unit 500 is formed in a cylindrical shape and surrounds the nozzle unit 400, and the flat surface 501 is positioned horizontally with the lower end of the nozzle unit 400 so that the nozzle unit 400 moves and discharges. It can be flattened by contact with the material.

5 shows a nozzle unit, a flattening unit, and an elevation unit of an extrusion-type 3D printer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

The extrusion-type 3D printer of the present invention according to the fourth embodiment includes a plurality of flattening units 500 and may further include an elevating unit 700.

Referring to FIG. 5 , the flattening unit 500 consists of a first flattening unit 510 located relatively inside with respect to the nozzle unit 400 and a second flattening unit 520 located relatively outside. can be configured.

Here, the second flattening unit 520 may be connected to the lifting unit 700 and move up and down based on the first flattening unit 510 . Accordingly, the flattening unit 500 according to the fourth embodiment may perform a flattening operation of extruded material differently according to circumstances.

For example, the elevation unit 700 is operated so that the second leveling unit 520 protrudes downward from the lower end of the nozzle unit 400 and is positioned. Accordingly, due to the second flattening unit 520, materials may be flatly stacked to a set thickness or less.

Here, the first flattening unit 510 vibrates at a set period and prevents adhesion between the nozzle unit 400 and the material, thereby preventing defects occurring when the material is discharged to the outside.

6 shows a nozzle part, a flattening part, and a tilt part of an extrusion type 3D printer of the present invention according to a fifth embodiment, and FIG. 7 is an operation of the tilt part of an extrusion type 3D printer according to the present invention according to a fifth embodiment. state is shown.

The extrusion type 3D printer according to the fifth embodiment includes a tilt unit 800 capable of tilting the nozzle unit 400 at a set angle. In addition, the flattening portion 500 may be formed with a round portion 530 inclined upward in a round shape on a side surface of the flattening portion 500 .

The tilt unit 800 may tilt the nozzle unit 400 at a set angle when power is supplied. Accordingly, the thickness of the material discharged from the nozzle unit 400 can be adjusted. At the same time, the tilt unit 800 may also tilt the flattening unit 500 disposed in a form surrounding the nozzle unit 400 at a set angle. Accordingly, as can be seen in FIG. 7 , the round portion 530 of the flattening portion 500 may come into contact with the material. Therefore, the present invention can flatten the material and process it into various shapes at the same time.

For example, as shown in FIG. 7, when the material is to be laminated in a round shape as the thickness of the material gradually decreases, the tilt unit 800 is operated to tilt the nozzle unit 400 and the flattening unit 500, and the nozzle unit 400 It will be possible if the cross movement device 150 is operated while moving to the right to move the nozzle unit 400 upward to stack the materials.

8 shows a nozzle part, a flattening part, a tilt part, and a rotating part of an extrusion-type 3D printer of the present invention according to a sixth embodiment.

Compared to the fifth embodiment, the extrusion-type 3D printer of the present invention according to the sixth embodiment further includes a rotation unit 600, and includes a first round unit 531 and a second round unit 532. characteristic. The rotating unit 600 may be connected to the flattening unit 500 . Accordingly, the flattening unit 500 may be rotated around the nozzle unit 400 .

The flattening unit 500 may include a first round unit 531 and a second round unit 532 . The first round part 531 and the second round part 532 are formed on the side surface of the flattening part 500 . Here, the rounded angle of the second round part 532 may be greater than the rounded angle of the first round part 531 . The second round part 532 may be formed at a position spaced apart from the first round part 531 (for example, a symmetrical position as shown in FIG. 8 ). Due to this configuration, the extrusion type 3D printer of the present invention can process materials more precisely.

That is, when the material is to be laminated in a round shape as the thickness of the material gradually decreases, the tilt part 800 is operated as in the fifth embodiment of FIG. 7 described above so that the first round part 531 is It can be formed round while flattening the material by making it abut. And, when it is necessary to form an abrupt round shape on the surface of the material, the rotating part 600 is operated to rotate the flattening part 500 so that the second round part 532 comes into contact with the material, so that the round with an abrupt angle A shape can be formed on the material.

9 shows a sequence of a printing method using an extrusion type 3D printer according to the present invention according to an embodiment.

The printing method of the present invention according to an embodiment uses the above-described extrusion type 3D printer. That is, in the printing method of the present invention, printing is performed using the extrusion type 3D printer according to the above-described first to sixth embodiments. That is, the extrusion-type 3D printer may basically include a moving track unit 100, an extrusion unit 200, a material supply unit 300, a nozzle unit 400, and a flattening unit 500.

The printing method of the present invention includes an extrusion supply step (S100), a printing step (S200), and a flattening step (S300).

The extrusion supply step (S100) is a step of supplying the material to the extrusion unit 200 in one direction at a set pressure. Here, the material is supplied by the material supply unit 300 and may be a material that can be extruded such as a filament.

The printing step (S200) is a step of discharging the material moved by the extrusion unit 200 to the outside through the hole of the nozzle unit 400. Material can be stacked outside to a set thickness. Here, the nozzle unit 400 may stack materials in a set shape to discharge materials to the outside while being moved by the moving track unit 100 .

The planarization step ( S300 ) is a step of planarizing the stacked materials using the planarization unit 500 . Here, the flattening unit 500 may naturally vibrate at a set frequency. Here, the flattening unit 500 may be, for example, an ultrasonic vibrator. Accordingly, the flattening unit 500 transmits minute vibrations to the nozzle unit 400 to prevent adhesion between the nozzle unit 400 and the material, thereby preventing defective printing. In addition, the flat surface of the lower side of the flattening unit 500 may come into contact with the material and flatten the material.

The flattening unit 500 performing the flattening in the flattening step (S300) may be connected to the rotating unit 600, the lifting unit 700, etc. as described above, and the round unit 530 (first round unit 531) , The second round unit 532) may be included. Accordingly, as described above, the flattening unit 500 may prevent defective printing, flatten the material, and assist printing.

Although the present invention has been shown and described in relation to specific embodiments, it is known in the art that the present invention can be variously improved and changed without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention provided by the claims below. It will be self-evident to those skilled in the art.

100: moving track unit
110: horizontal frame part
120: vertical frame
130: cross frame part
140: horizontal movement device
150: cross movement device
200: extrusion part
300: material supply unit
400: nozzle part
500: flattening unit
501: flat surface
510: first flattening unit
520: second flattening unit
530: round part
531: first round part
532: second round part
600: rotating part
700: lift part
800: tilt unit

Claims (10)

In the extrusion type 3D printer,
an extrusion unit that pressurizes and supplies the material at a set pressure;
a nozzle part disposed on one side of the extrusion part and having a hole through which the supplied material can be moved to the outside; and
A flattening unit disposed on at least one side of one end of the nozzle unit and in contact with the material moved to the outside.
An extrusion-type three-dimensional printer comprising a. According to claim 1,
The flattening unit vibrates at a set frequency
Characterized by an extrusion type 3D printer. According to claim 2,
The flattening part
Arranged in a form surrounding the nozzle part
Characterized by an extrusion type 3D printer. According to claim 2,
The nozzle part is formed with one surface flat,
The flattening unit is disposed adjacent to the nozzle unit so as to be horizontal with one surface of the nozzle.
Characterized by an extrusion type 3D printer. According to claim 2,
One end of the flattening unit may be disposed to protrude beyond the end of the nozzle unit.
Characterized by an extrusion type 3D printer. According to claim 2,
The flattening unit is composed of a plurality of
Each flattening unit is connected to a lifting unit that moves up and down according to power supply.
Characterized by an extrusion type 3D printer. According to claim 2,
One side of the flattening part is formed round toward the other side,
The nozzle part is connected to the tilt part and can be tilted
Characterized by an extrusion type 3D printer. According to claim 2 or 7,
The flattening part
Being connected to a rotating part that applies rotational power to be able to rotate around the hole
Characterized by an extrusion type 3D printer. In the printing method using an extrusion-type three-dimensional printer,
An extrusion supply step of supplying a material to an extrusion unit to pressurize and supply the material to a set pressure;
a printing step of discharging the material to the outside by supplying the material to a nozzle unit including a hole communicating with the extrusion unit; and
A flattening step of flattening the material by bringing a flattening unit having one surface in contact with the material discharged to the outside.
A printing method comprising a. According to claim 9,
In the flattening step
Vibrating the flattening unit at a set cycle
Characterized by a printing method.

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