KR20220078736A - Cattle feed for improving carcass weight and meat yield grade, and breeding method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cattle feed composition for improving carcass weight and meat quality, and a method for raising cattle using the same, and more particularly, wheat; lupine seed; Corn Gluten Feed; corn flakes; soybean meal; Chae, Jong-Bak; at least one fruit meal selected from palm meal and palm meal; And comprising a corn germ meal, a bovine feed composition; And it relates to a cattle breeding method comprising the step of feeding the cattle feed composition.

Description

Cattle feed for improving carcass weight and meat yield grade, and breeding method using the same}

The present invention relates to a cattle feed composition and a cattle breeding method using the same, and more particularly, to a cattle feed composition capable of improving carcass weight and meat mass grade, and a cattle breeding method using the same, and furthermore, the necessity of changing feed for each stage It is possible to improve the profitability of the ranch as it has excellent salary convenience.

Various attempts have been made to improve the meat quality of Korean cattle, which are native to Korea, which remain as a native species among domestic livestock. More than 70% of the total cost of Korean beef farmers raising one fattening cow is spent on feed and calf. The rise is lowering the price competitiveness of Korean beef.

Accordingly, in Korea, efforts are being made to reduce feed costs and improve feeding convenience along with efforts to produce high-quality meat to improve profits. For example, long-term fattening after castration immediately after weaning, a method of increasing the energy ratio of a concentrated feed, a method of using feed additives such as antibacterial agents, vitamins, enzymes, and buffers, including natural by-products such as grains and hay A method of feeding a completely formulated feed that

However, the above methods still require a lot of feed cost and time, and further, for example, Korean Patent Application No. 10-2018-0091249 develops feed for each step of the specification of Korean beef and feeds it to Korean beef to improve the meat quality of Korean beef and improve the fattening period. However, the convenience of feeding is low in that the breeding stage of cattle must be divided into the breeding stage (6 to 13 months old), the pre-finishing period (14 to 22 months old) and the late fattening period (23 to 28 months old). The problem still exists.

Therefore, there remains a need for a cattle feed composition that is excellent in feeding convenience and can improve carcass weight and meat quality.

One aspect of the present invention is to provide a cattle feed composition capable of improving carcass weight and meat quality.

Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for breeding cattle excellent in feeding convenience because there is no need to change feed using the cattle feed composition of the present invention.

According to one aspect of the present invention, wheat; lupine seed; Corn Gluten Feed; corn flakes; soybean meal; Chae, Jong-Bak; at least one fruit meal selected from palm meal and palm meal; And comprising a corn germ meal, a bovine feed composition is provided.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cattle breeding method comprising the step of feeding the cattle feed composition of the present invention.

When the feed composition of the present invention is fed, the sirloin cross-sectional area is high but the back fat is thin, and accordingly, it is possible to breed cattle having excellent meat quality and quantity grade, and according to the feed of the present invention, young calves, breeding cattle and feeder cattle 3 It is possible to relieve the stress of changing the feed for at least five different stages (bringing, pre-fading, and post-finishing), thereby improving the feeding convenience and profitability of the ranch.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiment of the present invention may be modified in various other forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.

According to the present invention, there is provided a cattle feed composition that has excellent feeding convenience and can improve carcass weight and meat quality.

Specifically, the bovine feed composition of the present invention is wheat; lupine seed; Corn Gluten Feed; corn flakes; soybean meal; Chae, Jong-Bak; at least one fruit meal selected from palm meal and palm meal; and corn germ meal.

The feed composition of the present invention can relieve the stress of feed replacement step by step in the feeder cattle, and can increase the feed intake by reducing the rejection of the young calves by feeding the same feed to the breeding cattle and young calves. Accordingly, the convenience of feeding the ranch can improve productivity.

Specifically, the bovine feed composition of the present invention is 5 to 10% by weight of wheat based on the total weight of the composition; 5 to 10% by weight of lupine seeds; 15-25 wt% corn gluten feed; 15 to 20% by weight of corn flakes; 5 to 10% by weight of soybean meal; 5 to 10% by weight of rapeseed meal; 15 to 30% by weight of at least one fruit meal selected from palm meal and palm meal; and 5 to 10% by weight of corn germ meal.

Hereinafter, in the present invention, weight % is based on the total weight of the bovine feed composition, unless otherwise stated.

Wheat included in the feed composition may be 5 to 10% by weight, for example, 5 to 7% by weight, and if it is less than 5% by weight, it may be difficult to process feed pellets due to lack of starch, and 10% by weight If it is exceeded, it may be rapidly decomposed in the rumen, resulting in poor rumen stability.

Lupin seeds included in the feed composition may be 5 to 10% by weight, for example, 8 to 10% by weight, and if it is less than 5% by weight, the bypass protein content in the feed may be insufficient, and 10% by weight If it is exceeded, alkaloid toxin and antitrypsin factor may be elevated.

Corn gluten feed (Corn Gluten Feed, protein skin) included in the feed composition may be 15 to 25% by weight, for example, 20 to 23% by weight, and if less than 15% by weight, the raw material is a high protein raw material. The protein content in the feed may be insufficient, and if it exceeds 25% by weight, it is rapidly decomposed in the rumen, resulting in poor rumen stability, and there is a risk of lowering palatability.

Corn flakes included in the feed composition may be 15 to 20% by weight, for example, 15 to 17% by weight, and when it is less than 15% by weight, the starch content in the feed is because the raw material is a high starch raw material. This may be insufficient, and if it exceeds 20% by weight, the protein content in the feed may be insufficient because the raw material is a raw material with low protein.

The amount of soybean meal included in the feed composition may be 5 to 10% by weight, for example, 5 to 7% by weight, and when it is less than 5% by weight, the bypass protein content in the feed is high because the raw material is a raw material with high bypass protein. This may be insufficient, and if it exceeds 10% by weight, the protein content in the feed may be excessive because the raw material is a raw material with high protein.

Rapeseed meal included in the feed composition may be 5 to 10% by weight, for example, 5 to 7% by weight, and when it is less than 5% by weight, since the raw material is a raw material with high protein, the protein content in the feed This may be insufficient, and when it exceeds 10% by weight, there is a risk of lowering palatability due to the bitter taste of tannins and synapin in the raw material.

At least one fruit meal selected from Palm Kernel Meal and Coconut Meal included in the feed composition may be 15 to 30% by weight, for example, 15 to 20% by weight, and when less than 15% by weight Since the raw material is a raw material with a high fiber content, the fiber content in the feed may be insufficient. can rise

The fruit meal preferably includes a mixture of palm meal (Palm Kernel Meal) and palm meal (Coconut Meal), in this case, the mixing ratio is 1 to 4 parts by weight of palm meal per 1 part by weight of palm meal, more preferably 1 part by weight of palm meal It is 2 to 3 parts by weight of sugar palm meal.

Corn germ meal (Corn Germ Meal) included in the feed composition may be 5 to 10% by weight, for example, 7 to 9% by weight, and if less than 5% by weight, palatability may decrease, and more than 10% by weight In this case, since the raw material is a raw material with low protein, the protein content in the feed may be insufficient.

Furthermore, the cattle feed composition may contain more than 0% by weight of corn and not more than 10% by weight; greater than 0% by weight of bran and not more than 5% by weight; and more than 0 wt% of molasses and 5 wt% or less may be further included.

Furthermore, the cattle feed composition may contain 1 to 2% by weight of limestone (Limestone, Fine) based on the total weight of the cattle feed composition; It is preferable to further include 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of salt, 0.005 to 0.1% by weight of vitamins and 0.1 to 0.3% by weight of minerals.

The limestone (Limestone, Fine) may be included in an amount of 1 to 2% by weight as a powder of limestone, if it is less than 1% by weight, the effect may be insufficient, and if it exceeds 2% by weight, it is an excessive excipient effect in the feed Nutrients may be lacking. On the other hand, the particle size of the powder is not particularly limited, for example, it is preferable that the particle size in the range of 200 to 250 mesh (mesh).

Salt (salt) may be included in an amount of 0.3 to 0.5% by weight, if it is less than 0.3% by weight, the effect may be insufficient, and if it exceeds 0.5% by weight, the rumen stability may be lowered due to Cl- ⁱⁿ the salt. .

In addition, the vitamin may be included in an amount of 0.005 to 0.1% by weight, for example, 0.01% by weight, wherein the vitamins are preferably A, D, and E complex preparations. can If the vitamin is less than 0.01% by weight, the effect may be insufficient, and if it exceeds 0.01% by weight, there may be a waste of nutrients in excess of the required amount.

On the other hand, the mineral may be included in an amount of 0.1 to 0.3% by weight, for example, 0.19% by weight, wherein the mineral is preferably zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) and cobalt (Co) composite agent. , for example, 20 to 40 parts by weight of copper, 100 to 120 parts by weight of each of zinc and manganese, more preferably zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) and cobalt (Co) per 1 part by weight of cobalt Based on the total weight of the mineral, 43.3% by weight, 43.3% by weight, 13.0% by weight, may be included in an amount of 0.4% by weight, respectively. If it is less than 0.19% by weight, the effect may be insufficient, and if it exceeds 0.19% by weight, there may be a waste of nutrients in excess of the required amount.

The bovine feed composition of the present invention preferably contains 19 to 21% by weight of crude protein; 3 to 5% by weight of crude fat; Calcium 0.7 to 1.0% by weight; 0.3 to 0.6% by weight of phosphorus; It contains 5 to 20% by weight of crude fiber, 3 to 10% by weight of crude flour, and the remainder of the digestible nutrient content (TDN), for example, 72 to 75% by weight of the digestible nutrient content (TDN). On the other hand, the solid content of the cattle feed composition may be 80 to 90% based on the total weight of the cattle feed composition, for example, may be 87 to 88%.

Furthermore, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of raising cattle comprising the step of feeding the cattle feed composition of the present invention.

The cattle that may be subject to the breeding method of the present invention may include at least one of young calves, breeding cattle, cows and Korean cattle cattle, wherein young calves refer to calves up to 6 months of age after mouthing. The breeding method of the present invention can be applied to all of the breeding stage of cattle, for example, the growing stage (6 to 13 months old), the pre-finishing period (14 to 22 months old), and the late fattening period (23 to 28 months old).

On the other hand, the breeding method of the present invention may include the step of additionally feeding hay, and may additionally feed hay at the same time as the small feed composition of the present invention or before or after feeding the small feed composition of the present invention. At this time, the hay is not particularly limited as long as it is known that cattle feed is possible, and for example, it may be a tall pesque.

The feed composition of the present invention can be fed in an amount of 2 to 15 kg / day, for example, 2 to 5 kg / day for young calves, 3 to 4 kg / day for breeding cattle, 10 to 12 for fattening cows kg/day, for Korean beef cattle, start at 3kg/day in the growing season and increase to 8kg/day, maintain 8kg/day in the pre-finishing period, and feed at 9kg/day in the late fattening period.

As described above, according to the feed of the present invention, it is possible to relieve the stress of feeding at least five feeds, such as step 3 for young calves, breeding cows, and fattening cows, with one feed, thereby improving the feeding convenience and profitability of the farm. It is high but has a thin back fat, so it is possible to breed cattle with excellent meat quality and quantity.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail through specific examples. The following examples are only examples to help the understanding of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example

1. Preparation of feed according to the present invention

Using the composition disclosed in Table 1, the following raw materials were pulverized using a pulverizer, blended using a blender, and extrusion-molded using a pellet molding machine. At this time, the extrusion molding conditions were at a temperature of 60 ° C. to 80 ° C., and extrusion molding by pressing at 3 to 6 kgf / cm ² , to prepare pellets having a diameter of 5 mm and a length of 10 to 20 mm.

ingredient content (wt%) Corn 1.00 Wheat 5.00 Lupin Seed 10.00 Soybean Meal 8.00 Rapeseed Meal 5.00 Palm Kernel Meal 5.00 Coconut Meal 10.00 Corn Germ Meal 8.00 Wheat Bran 5.00 Corn Gluten Feed 21.00 Molasses 5.00 Limestone Fine (#20) 1.50 Salt 0.30 Vitamins A, D, E complex (A, D, E weight ratio 1:1:1) 0.01 Minerals- Zinc, Manganese, Copper, Cobalt Composite (Zinc 43.3 wt%, Manganese 43.3 wt%, Copper 13.0 wt%, Cobalt 0.4 wt%) 0.19 Corn, Flake 15.00 total 100.00

2. Payroll exam

The feed of the present invention prepared in 1. above was fed to 28 Korean cattle castrated and 13 Korean cattle cows for 9 months from July 2017 to March 2018 at Jinseon Ranch and Seowon Ranch located in Yeongwol.

In more detail, at 28 head of Korean cattle castration, it was started at 3 kg/day in the growing season and increased to 8 kg/day, maintained at 8 kg/day in the pre-finishing period, and fed twice a day at 9 kg/day in the late fattening period, and fed in divided doses at 13 cows. It started with 10 kg/day and increased to 12 kg/day for feeding. Both Korean cattle castrate and cows were allowed to drink water freely.

Thereafter, the meat quality and quantity grades of these cattle were evaluated as follows.

* Meat quality: Article 5 of detailed standards for grading livestock products

* Meat grade (meat index): Article 4 of detailed standards for grading livestock products

Specifically, the meat quantity index for judging the quantity grade of Korean cattle castration and Korean cattle cow is as follows.

- Korean beef cattle: [6.90137 - 0.9446 × back fat thickness (mm) + 0.31805 × longest root cross-section (cm2) + 0.54952 × carcass weight (kg)] ÷ carcass weight (kg) × 100

- Korean cattle castration: [11.06398 - 1.25149 × back fat thickness (mm) + 0.28293 × longest root cross-section (cm2) + 0.56781 × carcass weight (kg)] ÷ carcass weight (kg) × 100

Meanwhile, for comparison, the national average meat quality and quantity grade-related information for the same period was obtained from Jinseon Ranch and shown in Table 2 below.

type of cattle ranch classification meat quality meat grade Grade 1 or higher % 1+ rank or higher % Grade C% back fat, mm Carcass weight, kg Fillet cross-sectional area, cm ² Korean beef castration
(28 heads) A ranch average 96.4 35.7 14.3 11.8 434.1 94.3 national average 88.8 63.8 34.2 13.8 438.0 92.0 Korean beef cow
(13 heads) A ranch average 84.6 30.8 46.2 14.5 399.4 91.5 national average 55.7 20.6 29.3 14.2 359.0 84.5

The age of shipment of Korean beef cattle was 29.1 months in Ranch A, which could shorten the period of about 2 months compared to the national average of 31.5 months. It is advantageous for the age of shipment to be close to 28 months of age when considering breeding costs and profitability. Also, in terms of meat quantity, the ratio of back fat and C grade was significantly lower than the national average, while the cross-section of the sirloin was higher than the national average. As described above, in the case of Korean cattle castration fed the feed composition of the present invention, it was confirmed that the sirloin cross-section was high, but the back fat was thin.

In the case of Korean beef cattle, the figures for meat quality increased by 28.9% and 10.2%, respectively, of grade 1 or higher and grade 1+ or higher, respectively. there was. However, it can be understood that the high C-grade ratio is due to the increase in the conductor weight.

As described above, according to the feed of the present invention, it is possible to feed without distinction between Korean cattle castration and Hanwoo cows as a single feed, and furthermore, it is possible to relieve the stress of feeding replacement of at least 5 feeds such as young calves, breeding cattle, and 3 stages of fattening cattle, while improving carcass weight and meat quality can be obtained.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and variations are possible within the scope without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention described in the claims. It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.

Claims (8)

wheat; lupine seed; Corn Gluten Feed; corn flakes; soybean meal; Chae, Jong-Bak; at least one fruit meal selected from palm meal and palm meal; And, comprising a corn germ meal, a bovine feed composition.
According to claim 1, wherein the bovine feed composition is 5 to 10% by weight of wheat based on the total weight of the composition; 5 to 10% by weight of lupine seeds; 15 to 25% by weight of corn gluten feed; 15 to 20% by weight of corn flakes; 5 to 10% by weight of soybean meal; 5 to 10% by weight of rapeseed meal; 15 to 30% by weight of at least one fruit meal selected from palm meal and palm meal; And corn germ meal comprising 5 to 10% by weight, bovine feed composition.
According to claim 1, wherein the bovine feed composition is more than 0% by weight of corn and 10% by weight or less; greater than 0% by weight of bran and not more than 5% by weight; and more than 0% by weight and not more than 5% by weight of molasses.
According to claim 1, wherein the cattle feed composition is limestone 1 to 2% by weight based on the total weight of the composition; Salt 0.3 to 0.5% by weight, vitamins 0.005 to 0.1% by weight and minerals 0.1 to 0.3% by weight, the cattle feed composition further comprising.
According to claim 1, wherein the bovine feed composition is 19 to 21% by weight of crude protein; 3 to 5% by weight of crude fat; Calcium 0.7 to 1% by weight; 0.3 to 0.6% by weight of phosphorus; A cattle feed composition comprising 5 to 20% by weight of crude fiber, 3 to 10% by weight of crude flour, and the remainder of the digestible nutrient content (TDN).
Claims 1 to 5, wherein any one of the cattle feed composition comprising the step of feeding, cattle breeding method.
The method of claim 6 , wherein the cattle comprises at least one of young calves, breeding cattle, cows and Korean cattle cattle.
7. The method of claim 6, comprising the step of additionally feeding hay.