KR20200001987A - Metal with solids - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing metals or metal alloys, preferably light metals or light metal alloys, to which solids for casting casting parts, preferably die casting parts, are added. The method includes the steps of: melting metals or metal alloys by a melting apparatus (2); transporting casting melt by a supply line (3) to casting molds (9) to be filled; and adding solids to the casting melt during transportation of the casting melt in the supply line (3). The casting melt with added solids is mixed preferably by energy input in at least one mixing zone (6) during transport in the supply line (3).

Description

Metal with solids {METAL WITH SOLIDS}

The present invention relates to a method and a device for producing metals or metal alloys, preferably light metals or light metal alloys, to which solids are added, for casting casting parts, preferably die casting parts:

Melting the metal or metal alloy by the melting apparatus, conveying the casting melt by the feed line to the casting mold to be filled, and adding solids to the casting melt during transportation of the casting melt in the feed line.

Methods of making composite materials by adding particles to improve physical properties such as mechanical strength or to improve fatigue strength are known in the prior art. Difficulties are also known when introducing solids, in particular due to the high wetting angle in light metal melts.

In the melt, especially in the case of nonmetallic solids, poor wetting behavior of the solids due to the high wetting angle corresponds to poor matrix binding, which makes it difficult to incorporate solids in the metal or metal alloy. Moreover, this process is very sophisticated.

US 7 509 993 B1 discloses a method in which particles are added while the casting melt is still in the liquid melting furnace. However, this is not a continuous process up to the filling of the mold but rather in each case only one furnace filling can be cast respectively, which also entails the disadvantage that each has a different ratio of fibers to melt per filling. Moreover, there is a possibility of precipitation because almost no mixing occurs during casting of the casting melt.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and a related device which allow not only to incorporate solids into a metal or metal alloy but also to ensure a continuous manufacturing process while achieving homogeneous mixing without good wetting and cluster formation of the solids. will be.

This object is achieved by the casting melt with solids added according to the invention being mixed in the mixing zone and preferably arranged on the feed line during transport, preferably by energy input.

The method according to the invention relates to a method for producing metals or metal alloys, preferably light metals or light metal alloys, to which solids are added, for casting casting parts, preferably die casting parts.

First, the metal or metal alloy is melted until it is converted into the liquid state and is present as a casting melt.

The casting melt is conveyed to the casting molds to be filled by the supply line, which can preferably be carried out by means of a gradient and / or a pump of the supply line. Electromagnetic pumps are particularly preferred for the supply of casting melts.

To add solids to the casting melt, the solids are introduced into the casting melt by the dosing system during delivery in the feed line. In order to ensure homogeneous mixing of the solids and optimum wetting, the casting melt is preferably mixed with the solids during transport or delivery in the feed line in the mixing zone by energy input, in which case the mixing zone also It may also be arranged directly in the area of the dosing system for introduction.

It is advantageous to carry out the mixing during and / or after the addition of the solids. By optimal mixing, cluster formation of solids is prevented and the binding and wetting behavior of solids to the casting melt is improved.

One preferred embodiment consists of an energy input for performing mixing in at least one mixing zone by means of an ultrasonic sonotrode. This improves the binding of solids to the casting melt and improves the binding of the solids to the casting melt in that aggregates of the solids formed are decomposed by ultrasound by the delivered energy and pulses, so that the individual solids can be better bound to the casting melt. Wetting angle in between is reduced, which also contributes to the improvement of binding.

Another advantage of the energy input is that by means of ultrasonic waves, the oxide layer located on the casting melt and preventing the entry of solids due to the surface tension is removed, so that the solids can better penetrate into the casting melt.

It has been found advantageous to continuously carry out the feed of the casting melt in the feed line. In this way, not only high efficiency but also continuous and continuous processes can be ensured.

Preferably, the solids are formed as fibers and / or particles, the fibers have a long shape and the particles are formed in the form of more spherical or flakes.

It is advantageous for the fibers or particles to be derived from a group of carbon fibers, aluminum oxide, basalt, silicon carbide, aramid, metal fibers, coated fibers and / or derivatives thereof. From the tests it has been found that these fibers and flakes or particles have good thermal stability and are not annealed in the highly heated cast melt.

One preferred embodiment consists in thermally regulating the supply line. The possibility of different thermal adjustments across the feed line can affect the state of the casting melt. This means, for example, that the feed line is cooled so that the casting melt is actively cooled and the state of the casting melt is semisolid or in the semisolid range of a metal or metal alloy. Of course, it is also possible to heat the feed line to make the casting melt liquid or to keep this casting melt in this state.

Preferably, the casting melt is cooled during transportation in the feed line until the casting melt is in a semisolid state. The semisolid state makes it possible to knead the solids, which also improves the binding between the solids and the alloy. It is advantageous for the temperature to be maintained at a certain temperature level so as to have the same state of the casting melt over a certain range, so that the solids can be introduced correspondingly or between the solids and the metal or metal alloy, for example by applying or kneading ultrasonic waves. The binding of is improved.

The invention is distinguished by a further configuration in which the solids are kneaded in the casting melt in a semisolid state in the mixing zone. Any kneading is preferably carried out in an additional mixing zone which is preferably arranged on the feed line.

The device according to the invention for producing metals or metal alloys, preferably light metals or light metal alloys, to which solids are added, for casting casting parts, preferably die casting parts, A melting apparatus to be melted, a furnace preferably used for this purpose. For delivery or transport of the casting melt, the device contains a supply line. The dosing system of the device according to the invention is used to add solids to the casting melt, which is connected to a supply line. The device according to the invention contains at least one mixer for homogeneous mixing of the casting melt, the mixer being arranged on a feed line and mixing of the casting melt is carried out during conveyance or delivery.

The mixer is advantageously configured as an ultrasonic sonotrode. By the mixing of solids in the liquid casting melt, preferably by ultrasound, the binding between the casting melt and the solid is improved as described above for different reasons.

It has been found advantageous to arrange a pump, preferably an electromagnetic pump, on the supply line for delivering the casting melt. This ensures continuous and controllable delivery or delivery of the casting melt.

It has been found that it is a preferred embodiment when the feed line includes a bypass line, which allows a plurality of passages of the casting melt through the introduction and mixing zones. This allows high flexibility with respect to the amount of solids to be added or added as well as mixing. Preferably, the bypass line can be thermally regulated.

The dosing system preferably comprises an injector for introducing solids into the casting melt. This ensures that the solids are introduced continuously into the casting melt.

It is advantageous for the feed line to include tube shrinkage in the region of the dosing system. This allows for lower pressure in a narrow area so that the solids present in the dosing system are incorporated by suction.

The metal or metal alloy according to the invention is preferably used for the production of cast parts, in particular die-cast parts, which are preferably used as vehicle parts. Of course, other applications may be considered. The composition of the corresponding metal or alloy must be marked according to the application and correspondingly solids must be provided.

All configuration possibilities can be freely combined with one another, and the features and application specifications of the device as well as the method can be freely combined with one another.

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, and the present invention is not limited to the drawings only.

1 shows a device according to the invention for producing metals or metal alloys to which solids are added.

In the drawing shown in FIG. 1, a device 1 according to the invention for producing metals or metal alloys to which solids are added is shown. The device 1 comprises a melting apparatus 2, preferably a furnace, for melting metals and metal alloys. The cast melt thus obtained is conveyed to the casting molds 9 to be filled by the supply line 3.

Preferably, in order to deliver the casting melt in the supply line 3, a pump 11 is used which ensures that a constant and preferably continuous flow of the casting melt flows through the supply line 3. A dosing system 4 which introduces solids, preferably particles or fibers into the casting melt is arranged or connected to the supply line 3. In order to mix the solids with the casting melt, at least one mixer 5 is arranged on the feed line 3, in which case a plurality of mixers 5 are arranged at different positions of the feed line 3. It may be. Preferably, there is already a mixer 5 in the region of the dosing system 4, which is preferably configured as an ultrasonic sonorod and preferably still ensures mixing of the solids in the liquid casting melt. As an alternative, on the feed line 3 an additional mixing zone 6 with a corresponding mixer 5, which preferably mixes the casting melt again, preferably when the casting melt is semisolid and kneaded by the mixer 5. Is arranged, which ensures good binding of the solids to the casting melt. In order to ensure the optimum state of the casting melt, the supply line 3 can be thermally controlled correspondingly, whether by heating or by cooling, which may be applied separately correspondingly. As one possible embodiment, a bypass line 8 is arranged on the feed line 3 to allow the casting melt to pass repeatedly through the introduction and mixing zone 7 on the feed line 3, thus The casting melt is correspondingly provided with solids until the casting melt is sufficiently mixed with the desired composition and then introduced into the casting molds 9.

1: device
2: melting apparatus
3: supply line
4: dosing system
5: mixer
6: mixing zone
7: introduction and mixing zone
8: bypass line
9: casting molds
10: introduction zone
11: pump

Claims (15)

A method for producing metals or metal alloys, preferably light metals or light metal alloys, to which solids are added, for casting casting parts, preferably die casting parts,
Melting the metal or metal alloy by the melting apparatus 2,
Conveying the casting melt by the supply line 3 to the casting molds 9 to be filled,
Adding solids to the casting melt during delivery of the casting melt in the feed line (3),
The casting melt with added solids is characterized in that it is mixed in at least one mixing zone (6) during conveyance in the feed line (3), preferably by energy input. The method of claim 1,
Wherein said mixing is performed during and / or after addition of said solids. The method of claim 1,
Said mixing is carried out in a mixing zone (6) by means of an ultrasonic sonotrode, wherein said casting melt and said solids are excited by ultrasonic waves. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the supply of the casting melt in the supply line (3) is carried out continuously. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Wherein said solids are fibers and / or particles. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The fibers are derived from a group of carbon fibers, aluminum oxide, basalt, silicon carbide, aramid, metal fibers, coated fibers and / or derivatives thereof. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The supply line (3) is characterized in that it is thermally controlled. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The cast melt is characterized in that during the transport in the feed line (3) it is cooled, preferably until the cast melt is semisolid. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
Said solids are kneaded in a semi-solid cast melt in the mixing zone (6). A device (1) for producing metals or metal alloys, preferably light metals or light metal alloys, to which solids are added, for casting casting parts, preferably die casting parts,
A dosing system (4), which is connected to a melting apparatus (2), preferably a furnace, a supply line (3), to the supply line (3) and to which solids are added to the casting melt in which the metal or metal alloy is melted, said casting Contains at least one mixer 5 for homogeneously mixing the melt,
The mixer (5) is arranged on the supply line (3), characterized in that the mixing of the casting melt is carried out during transportation. The method of claim 10,
The device (1), characterized in that the mixer (5) is configured as an ultrasonic sonotrode. The method according to claim 10 or 11,
A device (1), characterized in that a pump (11), preferably an electromagnetic pump, for delivering the casting melt is arranged on the supply line (3). The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12,
The supply line comprises a bypass line (8), characterized in that the bypass line allows a plurality of passages of the casting melt through the introduction and mixing zone (7). The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13,
The device (1), characterized in that the dosing system (4) comprises an injector for introducing the solids into the casting melt. Use of the metal or metal alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
The metal or the metal alloy, preferably the light metal or the light metal alloy, is used in the manufacture of casting parts, in particular die casting parts, wherein the casting parts are preferably used as vehicle parts. Usage.

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