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KR20190135669A - Reliquefaction system of boil off gas and reliquefaction method of boil off gas using the same - Google Patents

Reliquefaction system of boil off gas and reliquefaction method of boil off gas using the same Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20190135669A
KR20190135669A KR1020180060950A KR20180060950A KR20190135669A KR 20190135669 A KR20190135669 A KR 20190135669A KR 1020180060950 A KR1020180060950 A KR 1020180060950A KR 20180060950 A KR20180060950 A KR 20180060950A KR 20190135669 A KR20190135669 A KR 20190135669A
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
liquefied gas
bog
reliquefaction
storage tank
drum
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KR1020180060950A
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Korean (ko)
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KR102096902B1 (en
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정영준
이재익
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주식회사 엔케이
서미영
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Priority to PCT/KR2018/006084 priority Critical patent/WO2019231001A1/en
Priority to CN201880094053.0A priority patent/CN112219079A/en
Priority to KR1020180060950A priority patent/KR102096902B1/en
Publication of KR20190135669A publication Critical patent/KR20190135669A/en
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Publication of KR102096902B1 publication Critical patent/KR102096902B1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/005—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by expansion of a gaseous refrigerant stream with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/007—Primary atmospheric gases, mixtures thereof
    • F25J1/0072—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0203—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0204—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow SCR cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
    • F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
    • F25J1/0265—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams comprising cores associated exclusively with the cooling of a refrigerant stream, e.g. for auto-refrigeration or economizer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
    • F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2225/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0339—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using the same fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/02—Mixing fluids
    • F17C2265/022—Mixing fluids identical fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
    • F17C2265/034—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling with condensing the gas phase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/90—Mixing of components
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    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/02—Mixing or blending of fluids to yield a certain product
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/34—Details about subcooling of liquids

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a boil off gas re-liquefying system, which includes: a cooling means for cooling liquefied gas discharged from a liquefied gas storage tank; and a re-liquefying drum mixing the liquefied gas cooled through the cooling means and boil off gas and re-liquefying the boil off gas. The system is efficient by using the liquefied gas itself as a cold heat source for re-liquefying the boil off gas and further, is suitable for miniaturized and modularized environments as a structure of the re-liquefying system is simple.

Description

BOG 재액화 시스템 및 이를 이용한 BOG 재액화 방법{RELIQUEFACTION SYSTEM OF BOIL OFF GAS AND RELIQUEFACTION METHOD OF BOIL OFF GAS USING THE SAME}BOG reliquefaction system and BOG reliquefaction method using the same {RELIQUEFACTION SYSTEM OF BOIL OFF GAS AND RELIQUEFACTION METHOD OF BOIL OFF GAS USING THE SAME}

본 기술은 주로 선박 분야와 관련성이 높은 액화가스 저장 및 운반에 관한 기술로서, 구체적으로는 LNG 등의 액화가스 저장탱크에서 발생하는 보일 오프 가스(Boil Off Gs; BOG)를 재액화 하는 분야의 기술이다. This technology is mainly related to the storage and transportation of liquefied gas, which is highly related to the ship sector, and specifically, the technology in the field of reliquefying Boil Off Gs (BOG) generated in a liquefied gas storage tank such as LNG. to be.

통상적으로 LNG(Liquefied Natural Gas)기지의 LNG 저장탱크에서 BOG(Boil Off Gas)가 약 0.5 vol%/day로 자연적으로 생성된다. 이러한 BOG를 재액화하여 회수하기 위한 노력은 자원의 효율적 사용이라는 측면에서 꾸준히 이루어져 왔고 다양한 재액화 시스템이 알려져 있다.Typically, LNG off-shore storage tanks of LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) are naturally produced at about 0.5 vol% / day. Efforts to reliquefy and recover these BOGs have been made consistently in terms of efficient use of resources and various reliquefaction systems are known.

이러한 재액화 시스템으로서는, C3MR 시스템, SMR 시스템, N2 시스템 등을 들 수 있다. C3MR 시스템은 SMR 시스템 대비 효율이 우수한 반면, 냉매를 예비로 준비하고 있어야 하는 단점이 있다. SMR 시스템은 냉매 준비가 비교적 용이한 반면 효율이 낮은 단점이 있다. 또한, N2 시스템은 비교적 안전한 공정임에 반하여 효율이 아주 낮고 무게가 무거우며 제작비가 비싼 단점이 있다.As such a reliquefaction system, a C3MR system, an SMR system, an N2 system, etc. are mentioned. While C3MR system is more efficient than SMR system, there is a disadvantage that the refrigerant should be prepared in advance. SMR systems have the disadvantage that their preparation is relatively easy while their efficiency is low. In addition, while the N2 system is a relatively safe process, the efficiency is very low, the weight is heavy and the manufacturing cost is expensive.

최근, LNG 사용의 증가에 따라 소형 LNG 위성기지의 수요가 증가하고 있다. 전통적인 LNG 개발보다는 소규모 지역적 개발이 증대되고 있는 추세이다. 선박 배출가스 환경규제 강화로 선박에서의 LNG 사용량이 증가하고 있으며, 원양 선박의 경우 LNG 연료탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스 처리가 중요하다. 또한, LNG 벙커링을 위하여 육상에 소형 LNG 벙커링 기지의 건립이 대두되고 있다. Recently, the demand for small LNG satellite stations has increased due to the increased use of LNG. Small regional development is on the rise rather than traditional LNG development. The use of LNG in ships is on the rise due to tightening environmental regulations on ship emissions. For offshore vessels, the treatment of boil-off gas from LNG fuel tanks is important. In addition, for the LNG bunkering, the construction of small LNG bunkering bases on the ground is emerging.

이러한 상황에서, 50Kg/h~200kg/h급 이내의 최소규모 액화플랜트가 요구되나 증발가스 회수설비가 국내에는 전무하며, 유럽 등의 국가에서 기술을 독점하고 있다. 종래 선도 업체가 독점하고 있는 전통적인 재액화 시스템을 대체함과 더불어, 소형화 및 모듈화 추세에 대응하기 위한 효율적이고 새로운 재액화 시스템이 요구되고 있다. In this situation, the smallest liquefaction plant within 50Kg / h ~ 200kg / h class is required, but there is no boil-off gas recovery facility in Korea, monopolizing technology in countries such as Europe. In addition to replacing traditional reliquefaction systems that are monopolized by leading companies, there is a need for efficient and new reliquefaction systems to cope with the miniaturization and modularization trend.

본 발명은 종래의 전통적인 재액화 시스템을 대체할 수 있고, 소형화 및 모듈화가 용이하고 효율적으로 운용할 수 있는 BOG 재액화 시스템을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.It is an object of the present invention to provide a BOG reliquefaction system that can replace conventional conventional reliquefaction systems and that can be miniaturized and modularized easily and efficiently.

또한, 본 발명은 상기 재액화 시스템을 이용하여 BOG를 효율적으로 재액화할 수 있는 방법을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently reliquefying BOG using the above reliquefaction system.

아울러, 본 발명은 상기 재액화 시스템을 구비하거나, 상기 재액화 방법을 채용한 LNG 운반 장치 또는 저장 장치를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.Moreover, an object of this invention is to provide the LNG conveying apparatus or storage apparatus provided with the said reliquefaction system, or employing the said reliquefaction method.

본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 BOG 재액화 시스템은 액화가스 저장탱크로부터 배출되는 액화가스를 냉각하기 위한 냉각수단; 및 상기 냉각수단을 경유하여 냉각된 액화가스 및 BOG를 혼합하여 상기 BOG를 재액화하는 재액화 드럼을 포함한다.BOG reliquefaction system according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises cooling means for cooling the liquefied gas discharged from the liquefied gas storage tank; And a reliquefaction drum for reliquefying the BOG by mixing the liquefied gas and the BOG cooled via the cooling means.

상기 재액화 시스템은 재액화된 BOG를 상기 액화가스 저장탱크로 회수하기 위한 회수 라인을 포함할 수 있으며, 회수된 재액화가스를 엔진 연료 등 다른 목적으로 사용하기 위하여는 별도의 이송 라인을 구비할 수 있다.The reliquefaction system may include a recovery line for recovering the reliquefied BOG to the liquefied gas storage tank, and a separate transfer line may be provided to use the recovered reliquefied gas for other purposes such as engine fuel. Can be.

상기 냉각수단은 질소가스를 냉매로 하는 냉각장치이며 압축 및 팽창을 포함한 냉각 사이클에 의하여 작동한다.The cooling means is a cooling device using nitrogen gas as a refrigerant and is operated by a cooling cycle including compression and expansion.

상기 재액화 드럼은 냉각된 액화가스를 상기 재액화 드럼 내로 분무하는 분무 장치를 포함할 수 있으며, 분무 장치의 배치, 운용 방식은 다양하게 변형 설계될 수 있다.The reliquefaction drum may include a spray device for spraying the cooled liquefied gas into the reliquefaction drum, and the arrangement, operation manner of the spray device may be variously designed.

한편, 상기 재액화 드럼 내부의 압력은 상기 액화가스 저장탱크 내부의 압력보다 낮게 제어될 수 있으며, 이를 통하여 BOG의 원활한 자연 이송을 구현할 수 있다.On the other hand, the pressure inside the reliquefaction drum can be controlled to be lower than the pressure inside the liquefied gas storage tank, thereby realizing a smooth natural transfer of BOG.

본 발명의 다른 실시예에 따른 BOG 재액화 시스템은 액화가스 저장탱크 및 재액화 드럼을 포함하고, 상기 액화가스 저장탱크로부터 배출된 BOG를 상기 재액화 드럼으로 이송하기 위한 BOG 라인; 상기 액화가스 저장탱크로부터 배출된 액화가스를 냉각하여 재액화 드럼으로 이송하기 위한 액화가스 라인을 포함한다.BOG reliquefaction system according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a liquefied gas storage tank and a reliquefaction drum, BOG line for transferring the BOG discharged from the liquefied gas storage tank to the reliquefaction drum; And a liquefied gas line for cooling the liquefied gas discharged from the liquefied gas storage tank and transferring the liquefied gas to the reliquefaction drum.

상기 BOG 라인은 BOG를 이송하기 위한 이송관으로 이루어져 있어, 압축기 등 별도의 장치를 구비하지 않는다. 상기 액화가스 라인은 적어도 일 영역에, 상기 액화가스와 외부의 냉열원과의 열교환을 위한 액화가스 열교환기가 배치되어 있다. 상기 외부 냉열원은 냉각된 질소가스를 포함한다.The BOG line is composed of a conveying pipe for transporting the BOG, and does not include a separate device such as a compressor. In the liquefied gas line, a liquefied gas heat exchanger for heat exchange between the liquefied gas and an external cold heat source is disposed in at least one region. The external cold heat source includes cooled nitrogen gas.

따라서 상기 BOG 재액화 시스템은 외부 냉열원을 발생하기 위한 냉각장치를 포함하며, 상기 냉각장치는 상기 액화가스 열교환기를 경유하여 가열된 질소가스와 압축된 질소가스를 열교환 하는 질소가스 열교환기를 더 포함할 수 있다. 이를 통하여, 액화가스와 열교환 후의 질소가스 내에 잔존하는 냉열 에너지를 추가로 활용할 수 있다.Accordingly, the BOG reliquefaction system includes a cooling device for generating an external cold heat source, and the cooling device further includes a nitrogen gas heat exchanger for heat-exchanging the heated nitrogen gas and the compressed nitrogen gas via the liquefied gas heat exchanger. Can be. Through this, the cold heat energy remaining in the liquefied gas and the nitrogen gas after heat exchange can be further utilized.

상기 재액화 시스템은 상기 재액화 드럼에서 재액화된 BOG를 상기 액화가스 저장탱크로 회수하기 위한 회수 라인을 더 포함할 수 있다.The reliquefaction system may further include a recovery line for recovering the BOG re-liquefied in the reliquefaction drum to the liquefied gas storage tank.

상기 재액화 시스템은 재액화되지 않은 잔여 BOG를 재액화 드럼 외부로 배출하기 위한 잔여 BOG 라인을 구비하여, 상기 재액화 드럼으로부터 상기 잔여 BOG를 배출할 수 있다. 배출된 잔여 BOG는 소각되거나 연료시스템에서 활용될 수 있다.The reliquefaction system may have a residual BOG line for discharging the residual BOG that has not been reliquefied out of the reliquefaction drum to discharge the residual BOG from the reliquefaction drum. Emitted residual BOG can be incinerated or utilized in the fuel system.

전술한 재액화 시스템에서, 상기 액화가스는 LNG일 수 있으며, 본 시스템의 적용은 특정 액화가스에 제한되지 않는다.In the reliquefaction system described above, the liquefied gas may be LNG, and the application of the system is not limited to a specific liquefied gas.

본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 BOG 재액화 방법은 액화가스 저장탱크로부터 공급된 액화가스를 냉각시켜 상기 액화가스 저장탱크로부터 배출된 BOG를 재액화하는 냉열원으로 이용하는 단계를 포함한다.The BOG reliquefaction method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the step of cooling the liquefied gas supplied from the liquefied gas storage tank and using it as a cold heat source for reliquefying the BOG discharged from the liquefied gas storage tank.

상기 냉열원의 온도는 상기 액화가스 저장탱크 내 액화가스의 온도 이하이며, 이러한 측면에서 상기 냉열원은 과냉각된 액화가스이다.The temperature of the cold heat source is equal to or less than the temperature of the liquefied gas in the liquefied gas storage tank, and in this aspect, the cold heat source is a supercooled liquefied gas.

상기 재액화는 상기 액화가스 저장탱크의 외부에서 이루어질 수 있다. 즉, 재액화는 액화가스 저장탱크 외의 별도의 공간에서 이루어질 수 있다.The reliquefaction may be performed outside the liquefied gas storage tank. That is, reliquefaction may be performed in a separate space outside the liquefied gas storage tank.

본 발명의 다른 실시예에 따른 BOG 재액화 방법은 액화가스 저장탱크로부터 재액화 드럼으로 배출된 BOG를 이송하는 단계; 액화가스 저장탱크로부터 배출된 액화가스를 외부 냉열원과 열교환하여 냉각시키는 단계; 냉각된 액화가스를 상기 재액화 드럼으로 이송하는 단계; 및 상기 재액화 드럼 내로 유입된 상기 BOG 및 냉각된 액화가스를 혼합하는 단계를 포함한다. 상기 혼합 단계는 실질적으로 재액화가 이루어지는 단계를 의미한다.BOG reliquefaction method according to another embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of transferring the discharged BOG from the liquefied gas storage tank to the reliquefaction drum; Cooling the liquefied gas discharged from the liquefied gas storage tank by exchanging heat with an external cold heat source; Transferring the cooled liquefied gas to the reliquefaction drum; And mixing the BOG and the cooled liquefied gas introduced into the reliquefaction drum. The mixing step means a step in which substantially reliquefaction takes place.

상기 방법은 상기 BOG 및 냉각된 액화가스의 혼합에 의하여 재액화된 BOG를 액화가스 저장탱크로 회수하는 단계를 더 포함할 수 있다.The method may further include recovering the BOG liquefied by mixing the BOG and the cooled liquefied gas to a liquefied gas storage tank.

상기 BOG의 이송은 액화가스 저장탱크의 압력과 재액화 드럼의 압력차에 의한 자연 이송 방식에 의하여 이루어질 수 있다.The BOG may be transferred by a natural transfer method by the pressure difference between the liquefied gas storage tank and the pressure of the reliquefaction drum.

한편, 상기 외부 냉열원으로는 냉각된 질소가스를 사용할 수 있다.Meanwhile, as the external cold heat source, cooled nitrogen gas may be used.

본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 LNG 운반 장치는 LNG 저장탱크로부터 공급된 LNG를 냉각시켜 상기 LNG 저장탱크로부터 배출된 BOG를 재액화하는 냉열원으로 이용하는 BOG 재액화 시스템을 구비한다.The LNG transport apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a BOG reliquefaction system that cools LNG supplied from an LNG storage tank and uses BOG discharged from the LNG storage tank as a cold heat source.

본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 LNG 저장장치는 LNG 연료탱크로부터 공급된 LNG를 냉각시켜 상기 LNG 연료탱크로부터 배출된 BOG를 재액화하는 냉열원으로 이용하는 BOG 재액화 시스템을 구비한다. The LNG storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a BOG reliquefaction system that cools LNG supplied from an LNG fuel tank and uses the BOG discharged from the LNG fuel tank as a cold heat source.

본 발명에 따른 재액화 시스템은 종래의 재액화 시스템을 대체할 수 있는 신규 BOG 재액화 시스템으로서, 소형화 및 모듈화에 유리한 시스템이다. The reliquefaction system according to the present invention is a novel BOG reliquefaction system that can replace the conventional reliquefaction system, which is advantageous for miniaturization and modularization.

또한, 본 발명은 향후 시스템 내부의 라인의 이동 경로를 최소화하고 더욱 효율적인 냉각시스템을 도입한다면 더욱 간소화된 시스템 구현을 제공할 수 있다. In addition, the present invention may provide a more simplified system implementation if the path of the line inside the system is minimized in the future and a more efficient cooling system is introduced.

본 시스템은 재액화 드럼 내에서 BOG와 냉각된 재액화가스의 직접 접촉에 의한 재액화가 이루어지므로, 열교환 효율이 우수하고 나아가 재액화 효율이 매우 우수하다. 향후, 재액화 드럼 내의 열교환 효율을 개선하기 위하여 부품 개선을 추가적으로 실현한다면 재액화 효율을 더욱 향상시킬 수 있을 것이다. In this system, reliquefaction is performed by direct contact of BOG and cooled reliquefaction gas in the reliquefaction drum, so that the heat exchange efficiency is excellent and further the reliquefaction efficiency is very excellent. In the future, further improvement of the reliquefaction efficiency may be achieved by further realizing component improvements in order to improve the heat exchange efficiency in the reliquefaction drum.

본 발명에 따른 재액화 시스템은 LNG 운반 선박 등의 운반장치나 다양한 형태의 LNG 저장장치에 채용될 수 있다.The reliquefaction system according to the present invention can be employed in a transport device such as an LNG transport ship or an LNG storage device in various forms.

한편, 상기 재액화 시스템이 LNG 연료 추진 선박에 적용될 경우, 본 시스템은 주로 선박의 엔진 가동이 멈춘 정박 등의 운휴기에 운용되기에 적합한 시스템이다.On the other hand, when the reliquefaction system is applied to the LNG fuel propulsion vessel, this system is a system suitable for operating mainly during the operation period, such as anchoring the engine operation of the vessel stopped.

도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 재액화 시스템을 개념적으로 설명하기 위하여 도시한 도면이다.
1 is a view for conceptually explaining a reliquefaction system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

이하에서는 첨부된 도면을 참조하여, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 BOG 재액화 시스템을 구체적으로 설명하도록 한다. 그러나 하기 설명들은 본 발명의 BOG 재액화 시스템을 예시하기 위한 것이며, 하기 설명과 다른 다양한 변형 실시예들이 가능함은 물론이다. 또한, 도면에 기재된 각 구성 요소들의 크기는 설명을 위하여 개념적으로 도시된 것으로서 실제 스케일은 이와 다를 수 있다. 본 발명의 기술사상은 아래 설명들에 의하여 제한되지 않으며, 오직 후술하는 청구범위에 의하여 해석되고 제한될 수 있다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be described in detail the BOG reliquefaction system according to an embodiment of the present invention. However, the following descriptions are intended to illustrate the BOG reliquefaction system of the present invention, and of course, various modifications other than the following description are possible. In addition, the size of each component described in the drawings are conceptually illustrated for illustrative purposes, the actual scale may be different. The spirit of the present invention is not limited by the following descriptions, but may be interpreted and limited only by the following claims.

본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 BOG 재액화 시스템은 기본적으로 액화가스 저장탱크로부터 공급된 액화가스를 냉각시켜 각종 저장탱크로부터 배출된 BOG를 재액화하는 냉열원으로 이용하는 시스템이다. 또한, 상기 액화가스는 LNG, LPG, 에탄 등 다양한 가스를 포함할 수 있으며, 본 발명의 BOG 재액화 시스템은 다양한 액화가스에 적용될 수 있다. 다만, 효율성을 고려하여 액화가스의 종류에 따라, 액화가스를 냉각하는 냉매 시스템의 변화가 요구될 수 있다. 액화가스마다 고유의 액화점이 상이하기 때문이다. The BOG reliquefaction system according to an embodiment of the present invention is a system for cooling a liquefied gas supplied from a liquefied gas storage tank and using it as a cold heat source for reliquefying the BOG discharged from various storage tanks. In addition, the liquefied gas may include a variety of gases, such as LNG, LPG, ethane, the BOG reliquefaction system of the present invention can be applied to a variety of liquefied gas. However, in consideration of efficiency, a change in the refrigerant system for cooling the liquefied gas may be required according to the type of the liquefied gas. This is because the inherent liquefaction point is different for each liquefied gas.

도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 재액화 시스템을 개념적으로 설명하기 위하여 도시한 도면이다.1 is a view for conceptually explaining a reliquefaction system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

도 1을 참조하면, BOG 재액화 시스템은 크게 액화가스 저장탱크(100), 재액화 드럼(200) 및 냉각장치(300)를 포함한다. Referring to FIG. 1, the BOG reliquefaction system largely includes a liquefied gas storage tank 100, a reliquefaction drum 200, and a cooling device 300.

상기 액화가스 저장탱크(100)는 액화가스의 액화점 이하로 유지되어야 하기 때문에 저장탱크(100) 외벽의 단열 구조가 중요하다. 저장탱크(100) 내의 액화가스는 액체의 대류 현상으로 인하여 상대적으로 표면 근처의 온도가 높기 때문에 액화가스의 상부에서 보일 오프 가스(Boil Off Gas; BOG)가 지속적으로 발생된다. 액화가스 하부의 온도보다 상부의 온도가 높은 불균형 현상으로 인한 BOG의 발생을 억제하기 위하여, 도시하지는 않았으나, 저장탱크(100) 하부의 액화가스를 상부 유로(121)로 순환시켜 액화가스 분사 수단(110)에 의하여 액화가스를 분사할 수 있다. 이때, 액화가스 분사는 BOG의 재액화와는 무관하며, 저장탱크(100) 내부의 BOG 발생을 억제하는 기능을 수행한다. 상기 분사 수단(110)은 일종의 샤워 방식을 채용한 장치로서 분사 노즐의 개수나 분사 수단(110)의 배치 위치는 저장탱크(100)의 크기나 액화가스의 수위 등을 고려하여 적절히 변형될 수 있다. Since the liquefied gas storage tank 100 should be kept below the liquefaction point of the liquefied gas, the heat insulation structure of the outer wall of the storage tank 100 is important. Since the liquefied gas in the storage tank 100 has a relatively high temperature near the surface due to the convection of the liquid, Boil Off Gas (BOG) is continuously generated at the top of the liquefied gas. Although not shown, the liquefied gas in the lower portion of the storage tank 100 is circulated to the upper passage 121 so as to suppress the generation of BOG due to an imbalance phenomenon in which the temperature of the upper portion is higher than the temperature of the lower portion of the liquefied gas. The liquefied gas may be injected by 110). At this time, the liquefied gas injection is irrelevant to the reliquefaction of the BOG, and serves to suppress the generation of the BOG in the storage tank (100). The injection means 110 is a device employing a kind of shower method, the number of injection nozzles or the arrangement position of the injection means 110 may be appropriately modified in consideration of the size of the storage tank 100 or the level of the liquefied gas. .

상기 저장탱크(100)의 상부에는 BOG 배출을 위한 BOG 유로(122)가 형성되어 있고, 이외에도 복수의 예비 유로(123)들을 구비함으로써, BOG 유로(122)나 후술할 액화가스 유로(124) 등의 기능에 제한이 있을 경우 상기 예비 유로(123)로 대체하여 사용할 수 있다. The upper portion of the storage tank 100 is formed with a BOG flow path 122 for discharging BOG, and in addition to the plurality of preliminary flow paths 123, the BOG flow path 122, the liquefied gas flow path 124 to be described later, etc. If there is a limitation in the function of the spare passage 123 can be used instead.

상기 BOG 유로(122)를 통하여 배출된 BOG는 BOG 라인(L1)을 통하여 재액화 드럼(200)까지 이송된다. BOG 라인(L1)의 노선, 형상, 두께, 길이, 소재 등은 재액화 시스템의 규모와 효율을 고려하여 적절히 결정될 수 있다. 본 실시예에서, 배출된 BOG는 도 1에서 보는 바와 같이 별도의 압축기나 열교환 수단을 경유하지 않고 바로 BOG 라인(L1)을 통하여 재액화 드럼(200)까지 직접적으로 이송된다. 따라서, 이러한 BOG의 원활한 유동을 위하여 재액화 드럼(200)의 압력은 상기 액화가스 저장탱크(100) 내부의 압력보다 낮도록 제어하는 것이 바람직하다. 즉, 상기 BOG는 저장탱크(100) 내부의 압력과 재액화 드럼(200) 내부의 압력 차에 의한 자연 이송 방식으로 이송될 수 있다. The BOG discharged through the BOG flow path 122 is transferred to the reliquefaction drum 200 through the BOG line L1. The route, shape, thickness, length, material, etc. of the BOG line L1 may be appropriately determined in consideration of the scale and efficiency of the reliquefaction system. In this embodiment, the discharged BOG is transferred directly to the reliquefaction drum 200 directly through the BOG line L1 without passing through a separate compressor or heat exchange means as shown in FIG. 1. Therefore, in order to smoothly flow the BOG, the pressure of the reliquefaction drum 200 is preferably controlled to be lower than the pressure inside the liquefied gas storage tank 100. That is, the BOG may be transferred in a natural transfer method by the pressure difference in the storage tank 100 and the pressure in the reliquefaction drum 200.

액화가스 저장탱크(100)의 하부 액화가스 유로(124)를 통하여 배출된 액화가스는 펌핑장치(30)에 의하여 가압됨으로써 재액화 드럼(200)까지 이송되는 추진력을 갖는다. 상기 액화가스는 액화가스 라인(L2)을 따라 재액화 드럼(200)까지 이송된다. 상기 펌핑장치(30)를 경유한 액화가스는 펌핑압력에 의하여 가압된 압력 상태로 변경되며 압축에 따른 다소의 온도 상승도 동반된다. The liquefied gas discharged through the lower liquefied gas flow path 124 of the liquefied gas storage tank 100 has a propulsion force transferred to the reliquefaction drum 200 by being pressurized by the pumping device 30. The liquefied gas is transferred to the reliquefaction drum 200 along the liquefied gas line (L2). The liquefied gas via the pumping device 30 is changed to a pressurized pressure state by the pumping pressure and is accompanied by a slight temperature rise due to compression.

액화가스 라인(L2) 상에는 액화가스 열교환기(50)가 배치되어 있어, 저장탱크(100)으로부터 공급된 액화가스는 냉각장치(300)로부터 냉각된 질소가스 냉매와 열교환함으로써 냉각된다. 질소가스와의 열교환을 통하여 냉각된 액화가스의 온도는 저장탱크(100) 내부에 존재하는 최초 액화가스의 온도 이하로 낮아진다. 즉, 액화가스 열교환기(50)를 경유한 액화가스는 과냉각 상태의 액화가스라고 할 수 있다. 냉각된 액화가스는 냉열원으로 작용하여 BOG를 재액화하는 역할을 한다. 상기 액화가스 열교환기(50)를 경유하여 냉각된 액화가스는 재액화 드럼(200)으로 공급되어, 재액화 드럼(200) 내부에 수용되어 있는 BOG와의 물리적 접촉 또는 혼합에 의하여 BOG와 열교환하고 결국 BOG를 재액화 한다. 재액화 드럼(200)은 결국 BOG와 냉각된 액화가스를 수용하여 혼합하는 믹싱 드럼으로서 기능하는 것이다. The liquefied gas heat exchanger 50 is disposed on the liquefied gas line L2, and the liquefied gas supplied from the storage tank 100 is cooled by heat exchange with the nitrogen gas refrigerant cooled from the cooling device 300. The temperature of the liquefied gas cooled by heat exchange with nitrogen gas is lowered below the temperature of the first liquefied gas existing in the storage tank 100. That is, the liquefied gas via the liquefied gas heat exchanger 50 can be said to be a liquefied gas in a supercooled state. The cooled liquefied gas acts as a cold heat source to reliquefy the BOG. The liquefied gas cooled via the liquefied gas heat exchanger 50 is supplied to the reliquefaction drum 200, and heat exchanges with the BOG by physical contact or mixing with the BOG contained in the reliquefaction drum 200. Reliquefy the BOG. The reliquefaction drum 200 eventually functions as a mixing drum for receiving and mixing BOG and cooled liquefied gas.

도시하지는 않았으나, 재액화 드럼(200)에 공급된 냉각 상태의 액화가스는 재액화 드럼(200)의 내벽에 설치된 분무 장치 등에 의하여 분무 또는 분사됨으로써 BOG와의 혼합 효율 및 열교환 효율이 극대화될 수 있다. 상기 분무 장치의 구조나 배치 형태는 재액화 드럼(200)의 형상이나 크기에 따라 적절히 변경될 수 있다. 예를 들어, 상기 액화가스는 재액화 드럼(200)의 복수의 지점과 연결되어 동시에 여러 지점에서 분무될 수도 있다. 한편, 상기 재액화 드럼(200)은 재액화된 BOG 및 재액화 되지 않은 기체 상태의 BOG의 분리를 위한 별도의 수단을 구비할 수 있다. 이와 같이, 상기 재액화 드럼(200) 내부에는 열교환 효율 증대를 위하여 다양한 기능층들로 이루어진 층상구조를 포함할 수 있다. 본 실시예에서는, 재액화 드럼(200)으로 공급된 액화가스가 분무되는 방식으로 재액화 드럼(200)으로 유입되는 방식을 설명하였으나, 이와 다른 다양한 액화가스 공급 형태가 가능함은 물론이다.Although not illustrated, the liquefied gas in the cooling state supplied to the reliquefaction drum 200 may be sprayed or sprayed by a spray device or the like installed on the inner wall of the reliquefaction drum 200, thereby maximizing mixing efficiency and heat exchange efficiency with BOG. The structure or arrangement of the spraying device may be appropriately changed according to the shape or size of the reliquefaction drum 200. For example, the liquefied gas may be connected to a plurality of points of the reliquefaction drum 200 and sprayed at various points at the same time. On the other hand, the reliquefaction drum 200 may be provided with a separate means for separation of the re-liquefied BOG and the non-reliquefied gas state BOG. As such, the reliquefaction drum 200 may include a layered structure composed of various functional layers to increase heat exchange efficiency. In the present embodiment, the liquefied gas supplied to the re-liquefaction drum 200 has been described as a method of flowing into the re-liquefaction drum 200 in a manner that is sprayed, of course, various other liquefied gas supply form is possible.

냉열원으로서의 액화가스 및 재액화된 BOG는 재액화 드럼(200)의 하부와 연결된 회수라인(L3)을 통하여 액화가스 저장탱크(100)로 회수될 수 있다. 상기 재액화 드럼(200)은 액화가스 저장탱크(100)보다 높게 배치됨으로써, 회수라인(L3)으로 유입된 액화가스 및 재액화 BOG는 중력에 의하여 자연적으로 액화가스 저장탱크(100)로 회수될 수도 있으며, 별도의 펌핑 장치를 통하여 액화가스 저장탱크(100)로 회수될 수도 있다. 본 실시예에서, 액화가스 및 재액화된 BOG는 액화가스 저장탱크(100)로 회수되는 것으로 설명하였으나, 이와 다르게 상기 액화가스 및 재액화된 BOG는 별도의 저장탱크나 장치 등으로 공급될 수도 있다.The liquefied gas and the liquefied BOG as the cold heat source may be recovered to the liquefied gas storage tank 100 through a recovery line L3 connected to the lower portion of the reliquefied drum 200. The reliquefaction drum 200 is disposed higher than the liquefied gas storage tank 100, so that the liquefied gas and the reliquefaction BOG introduced into the recovery line L3 may be naturally recovered to the liquefied gas storage tank 100 by gravity. Alternatively, it may be recovered to the liquefied gas storage tank 100 through a separate pumping device. In the present embodiment, the liquefied gas and the liquefied BOG has been described as being recovered to the liquefied gas storage tank 100, but alternatively, the liquefied gas and the liquefied BOG may be supplied to a separate storage tank or device. .

한편, 재액화 되지 않은 잔여 BOG는 재액화 드럼(200) 상부와 연결된 잔여 BOG 라인(L4)을 통하여 소각 시스템으로 이송되거나 연료 시스템으로 이송될 수 있다.Meanwhile, the residual BOG that is not reliquefied may be transferred to the incineration system or the fuel system through the residual BOG line L4 connected to the upper portion of the reliquefaction drum 200.

상기 재액화 드럼(200)의 내 외부 구조 및 부가 장치 등의 도입은 냉각된 액화가스와 BOG의 열교환 효율과 밀접한 관련성을 갖기에, 향후 재액화 드럼(200)의 구조나 기능에 대한 추가적인 연구가 지속될 예정이다. Since the introduction of the internal and external structures and additional devices of the reliquefaction drum 200 has a close relationship with the heat exchange efficiency of the cooled liquefied gas and the BOG, further studies on the structure and function of the reliquefaction drum 200 will be made. It is going to last.

본 실시예에서, 냉각 장치(300)는 질소 가스를 냉매로 하는 냉각 사이클을 구비한다. 냉각된 질소가스는 전술한 바와 같이 액화가스 저장탱크(100)로부터 배출된 액화가스가 액화가스 라인(L2)을 이송하는 도중 액화가스 열교환기(50)를 매개로 상기 액화가스와 열교환함으로써, 상기 액화가스를 냉각하는 냉매로서 기능한다. In the present embodiment, the cooling device 300 has a cooling cycle in which nitrogen gas is used as a refrigerant. As described above, the cooled nitrogen gas exchanges heat with the liquefied gas through the liquefied gas heat exchanger 50 while the liquefied gas discharged from the liquefied gas storage tank 100 transfers the liquefied gas line L2. It functions as a refrigerant for cooling liquefied gas.

냉매인 질소가스는 냉매 라인(L5)을 순환한다. 상기 냉각 장치(300)는 N2 버퍼 탱크(310), 순차적으로 배치된 복수의 압축기(321, 323, 325), 복수의 예냉용 열교환기(331, 333, 335)) 및 복수의 냉각수 장치(341, 343, 345)를 포함한다. 냉각수 장치(341, 343, 345))는 쿨링 워터를 공급하여 압축된 질소가스를 냉각하기 수단이다. 또한, 상기 냉각장치(300)는, 액화가스 열교환기(50)를 경유하여 가열된 질소가스와 열교환함으로써 추가적으로 예비냉각을 위하여 배치된 질소가스 열교환기(350)를 포함한다. 또한, 예비 냉각된 질소가스의 온도를 급격히 낮추기 위하여 배치된 팽창기(370)를 포함한다. 상기 액화가스 열교환기(50)를 경유하여 질소가스 복귀라인(L6)을 유동하는 질소가스는 비록 액화가스와의 열교환을 통하여 가열된 상태이기는 하나, 복수의 압축기를 경유하여 고압 고온 상태인 압축 질소 가스를 냉각하기에는 충분히 낮은 온도를 갖는다. 즉, 압축된 질소가스의 예비 냉각을 위하여, 액화가스 열교환기(50)를 경유하여 회수되는 질소가스의 냉열을 추가적으로 활용할 수 있는 것이다. Nitrogen gas, which is a refrigerant, circulates through the refrigerant line L5. The cooling device 300 includes an N2 buffer tank 310, a plurality of compressors 321, 323, and 325 sequentially arranged, a plurality of precooling heat exchangers 331, 333, and 335, and a plurality of cooling water devices 341. , 343, 345). Cooling water devices 341, 343 and 345 are means for supplying cooling water to cool the compressed nitrogen gas. In addition, the cooling device 300 includes a nitrogen gas heat exchanger 350 arranged for additional preliminary cooling by heat exchange with the heated nitrogen gas via the liquefied gas heat exchanger 50. In addition, it includes an expander 370 disposed to rapidly lower the temperature of the pre-cooled nitrogen gas. Although nitrogen gas flowing through the nitrogen gas return line L6 via the liquefied gas heat exchanger 50 is heated by heat exchange with the liquefied gas, the compressed nitrogen is at a high pressure and high temperature via a plurality of compressors. It has a temperature low enough to cool the gas. That is, for preliminary cooling of the compressed nitrogen gas, the cold heat of the nitrogen gas recovered via the liquefied gas heat exchanger 50 may be further utilized.

이하에서는, 질소가스 냉매의 이동 사이클을 설명하도록 한다. 질소가스는 N2 버퍼탱크(310)을 경유한다. N2 버퍼탱크(310)는 압축기(320)에 지속적인 질소가스의 공급에 따른 압축기(320) 손상을 방지하고, 냉각 사이클을 이동하는 질소가스의 압력을 버퍼링함으로써 압축기(320)의 부하를 낮추는 역할을 한다. Hereinafter, the movement cycle of the nitrogen gas refrigerant will be described. Nitrogen gas passes through the N2 buffer tank 310. The N2 buffer tank 310 serves to lower the load of the compressor 320 by preventing damage to the compressor 320 due to the continuous supply of nitrogen gas to the compressor 320 and buffering the pressure of the nitrogen gas moving through the cooling cycle. do.

N2 버퍼탱크(310)를 경유한 질소가서는 압축기(320)를 경유함으로써 고압 고온 상태의 질소가스로 변화하며, 압축된 질소가스는 냉각수 장치(341, 343, 345)에서 공급된 쿨링워터와 예냉용 열교환기(330)에서 열교환됨으로써 온도가 낮아질 수 있다. 본 실시예에서, 이러한 압축(320) 및 냉각(330) 수단은 3회 반복되는 것으로 설명하였으나 반복 회수는 냉매인 질소가스의 요구되는 냉각 온도와 냉각장치(300)의 구동 효율을 고려하여 적절히 조절하여 결정될 수 있다. Nitrogen gas going through the N2 buffer tank 310 is converted into nitrogen gas under a high pressure and high temperature state through the compressor 320, and the compressed nitrogen gas is cooled water and precooling supplied from the cooling water devices 341, 343 and 345. The heat may be lowered by heat exchange in the heat exchanger 330. In this embodiment, the compression 320 and the cooling 330 means has been described as being repeated three times, but the number of repetition is properly adjusted in consideration of the required cooling temperature of the refrigerant nitrogen gas and the driving efficiency of the cooling device 300. Can be determined.

고온 고압의 압축 상태인 질소가스는 팽창기(370)를 통과하면서 급격히 냉각되기 전에, 전술한 바와 같이, 액화가스 열교환기(50)를 경유하여 질소가스 복귀라인(L6)으로 회수되는 가열된 질소가스와 열교환함으로써 팽창기(370)를 통과하기 전 최종 예비 냉각 과정을 거친다.As described above, the heated nitrogen gas recovered through the liquefied gas heat exchanger 50 through the liquefied gas heat exchanger 50 to the nitrogen gas return line L6 before it is rapidly cooled while passing through the expander 370. Heat exchange with the final pre-cooling process before passing through the expander (370).

본 발명의 BOG 재액화 시스템은 안정성이 우수한 N2 냉각 사이클을 채용함으로써, 전체적인 BOG 재액화 시스템의 안정성을 극대화할 수 있다. The BOG reliquefaction system of the present invention can maximize the stability of the overall BOG reliquefaction system by employing a high stability N2 cooling cycle.

전술한 BOG 재액화 시스템을 이용하여 BOG를 재액화하는 방법은, 액화가스 저장탱크로부터 재액화 드럼으로 배출된 BOG를 이송하는 단계, 액화가스 저장탱크로부터 배출된 액화가스를 외부 냉열원과 열교환하여 냉각시키는 단계, 냉각된 액화가스를 상기 재액화 드럼으로 이송하는 단계, 및 상기 재액화 드럼내로 유입된 상기 BOG 및 냉각된 액화가스를 혼합하는 단계를 포함한다. 결국, 액화가스 자체를 BOG 재액화를 위한 냉열원으로 사용하기 때문에, 재액화 공정을 간소화하고 공정 단가를 줄일 수 있다. Re-liquefying the BOG using the above-described BOG reliquefaction system, the step of transferring the BOG discharged from the liquefied gas storage tank to the reliquefaction drum, by heat-exchanging the liquefied gas discharged from the liquefied gas storage tank with an external cold heat source Cooling, transferring the cooled liquefied gas to the reliquefaction drum, and mixing the BOG and the cooled liquefied gas introduced into the reliquefaction drum. As a result, since the liquefied gas itself is used as a cold heat source for BOG reliquefaction, it is possible to simplify the reliquefaction process and reduce the process cost.

전술한, BOG 재액화 시스템은 LNG를 운반하는 선박 또는 LNG로 추진되는 선박 등 다양한 운반 장치에 도입될 수 있다. 예를 들어, LNG 운반선의 경우, LNG 저장탱크로부터 공급된 LNG를 냉각시켜 상기 LNG 저장탱크로부터 배출된 BOG를 재액화하는 냉열원으로 사용할 수 있다. 만약, LNG를 추진 연료로 사용하는 선박에 적용될 경우에는, LNG 연료탱크로부터 공급된 LNG를 냉각시켜 상기 LNG 연료탱크로부터 배출된 BOG를 재액화하는 냉열원으로 사용할 수 있다. As described above, the BOG reliquefaction system can be introduced into a variety of transport devices, such as ships carrying LNG or ships propelled by LNG. For example, in the case of the LNG carrier, the LNG supplied from the LNG storage tank may be cooled and used as a cold heat source for reliquefying the BOG discharged from the LNG storage tank. If applied to a vessel using LNG as a propellant fuel, the LNG supplied from the LNG fuel tank may be cooled and used as a cold heat source for reliquefying the BOG discharged from the LNG fuel tank.

이상에서는 본 발명에 따른 BOG 재액화 시스템이 선박에 적용되는 것을 예시하였으나, 선박 이외의 다양한 소규모 액화가스 저장 설비 또는 장치와 연동되어 다양하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대하고 있다. 나아가, 상기 BOG 재액화 시스템을 보다 소형화하고 집적화함으로써, 이동 가능한 모듈 형태의 재액화 시스템으로 개발할 수 있을 것이다. In the above, but illustrated that the BOG reliquefaction system according to the present invention is applied to the vessel, it is expected that it can be used in various ways in conjunction with various small-size liquefied gas storage facilities or devices other than the vessel. Further, by miniaturizing and integrating the BOG reliquefaction system, it will be possible to develop a portable reliquefaction system in the form of a module.

Claims (22)

액화가스 저장탱크로부터 배출되는 액화가스를 냉각하기 위한 냉각수단; 및
상기 냉각수단을 경유하여 냉각된 액화가스 및 BOG를 혼합하여 상기 BOG를 재액화하는 재액화 드럼을 포함하는 BOG 재액화 시스템.
Cooling means for cooling the liquefied gas discharged from the liquefied gas storage tank; And
And a reliquefaction drum for reliquefying the BOG by mixing the cooled liquefied gas and the BOG via the cooling means.
제1항에 있어서,
상기 재액화된 BOG를 상기 액화가스 저장탱크로 회수하기 위한 회수 라인을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 BOG 재액화 시스템.
The method of claim 1,
And a recovery line for recovering the reliquefied BOG to the liquefied gas storage tank.
제1항에 있어서,
상기 냉각수단은 질소가스를 냉매로 하는 냉각장치인 것을 특징으로 하는 BOG 재액화 시스템.
The method of claim 1,
And said cooling means is a cooling device using nitrogen gas as a refrigerant.
제1항에 있어서,
상기 재액화 드럼은 냉각된 액화가스를 상기 재액화 드럼 내로 분무하는 분무 장치를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 BOG 재액화 시스템.The method of claim 1,
And the reliquefaction drum comprises a spraying device for spraying cooled liquefied gas into the reliquefaction drum. 제1항에 있어서,
상기 재액화 드럼 내부의 압력은 상기 액화가스 저장탱크 내부의 압력보다 낮은 것을 특징으로 하는 BOG 재액화 시스템.
The method of claim 1,
BOG reliquefaction system, characterized in that the pressure inside the reliquefaction drum is lower than the pressure inside the liquefied gas storage tank.
액화가스 저장탱크 및 재액화 드럼을 포함하고,
상기 액화가스 저장탱크로부터 배출된 BOG를 상기 재액화 드럼으로 이송하기 위한 BOG 라인; 및
상기 액화가스 저장탱크로부터 배출된 액화가스를 냉각하여 재액화 드럼으로 이송하기 위한 액화가스 라인을 포함하는 BOG 재액화 시스템.
Including a liquefied gas storage tank and a reliquefaction drum,
A BOG line for transferring the BOG discharged from the liquefied gas storage tank to the reliquefaction drum; And
And a liquefied gas line for cooling the liquefied gas discharged from the liquefied gas storage tank and transferring the liquefied gas to the reliquefaction drum.
제6항에 있어서,
상기 BOG 라인은 BOG를 이송하기 위한 이송관으로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 BOG 재액화 시스템.
The method of claim 6,
The BOG line is a BOG re-liquefaction system, characterized in that consisting of a transfer pipe for transferring the BOG.
제6항에 있어서,
상기 액화가스 라인은 적어도 일 영역에, 상기 액화가스와 외부의 냉열원과의 열교환을 위한 액화가스 열교환기가 배치되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 BOG 재액화 시스템.
The method of claim 6,
The liquefied gas line is a BOG re-liquefaction system, characterized in that the liquefied gas heat exchanger for heat exchange between the liquefied gas and the external cold heat source is disposed in at least one region.
제8항에 있어서,
상기 외부 냉열원은 냉각된 질소가스를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 BOG 재액화 시스템.
The method of claim 8,
And the external cold heat source comprises cooled nitrogen gas.
제9항에 있어서,
상기 외부 냉열원을 발생하기 위한 냉각장치를 포함하고,
상기 냉각장치는 상기 액화가스 열교환기를 경유하여 가열된 질소가스와 압축된 질소가스를 열교환 하는 질소가스 열교환기를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 BOG 재액화 시스템.
The method of claim 9,
A cooling device for generating the external cold heat source,
The cooling device further comprises a nitrogen gas heat exchanger for heat-exchanging the heated nitrogen gas and the compressed nitrogen gas via the liquefied gas heat exchanger.
제6항에 있어서,
상기 재액화 드럼에서 재액화된 BOG를 상기 액화가스 저장탱크로 회수하기 위한 회수 라인을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 BOG 재액화 시스템.
The method of claim 6,
And a recovery line for recovering the liquefied BOG from the reliquefaction drum to the liquefied gas storage tank.
제6항에 있어서,
재액화되지 않은 잔여 BOG를 재액화 드럼 외부로 배출하기 위한 잔여 BOG 라인을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 BOG 재액화 시스템.
The method of claim 6,
And a residual BOG line for discharging the residual BOG that has not been reliquefied out of the reliquefaction drum.
제1항 또는 제6항에 있어서,
상기 액화가스는 LNG를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 BOG 재액화 시스템.
The method according to claim 1 or 6,
The liquefied gas BOG re-liquefaction system, characterized in that containing LNG.
액화가스 저장탱크로부터 공급된 액화가스를 냉각시켜 BOG를 재액화하는 냉열원으로 이용하는 단계를 포함하는 BOG 재액화 방법.
BOG reliquefaction method comprising the step of cooling the liquefied gas supplied from the liquefied gas storage tank to use as a cold heat source to liquefy the BOG.
제14항에 있어서,
상기 냉열원의 온도는 상기 액화가스 저장탱크 내 액화가스의 온도 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 BOG 재액화 방법.
The method of claim 14,
The temperature of the cold heat source is less than the temperature of the liquefied gas in the liquefied gas storage tank BOG reliquefaction method.
제14항에 있어서,
상기 재액화는 상기 액화가스 저장탱크의 외부에서 이루어지도록 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 BOG 재액화 방법.
The method of claim 14,
The reliquefaction is BOG reliquefaction method, characterized in that to be carried out outside the liquefied gas storage tank.
액화가스 저장탱크로부터 배출된 BOG를 재액화 드럼으로 이송하는 단계;
액화가스 저장탱크로부터 배출된 액화가스를 외부 냉열원과 열교환하여 냉각시키는 단계;
냉각된 액화가스를 상기 재액화 드럼으로 이송하는 단계; 및
상기 재액화 드럼내로 유입된 상기 BOG 및 냉각된 액화가스를 혼합하는 단계를 포함하는 BOG 재액화 방법.
Transferring the BOG discharged from the liquefied gas storage tank to the reliquefaction drum;
Cooling the liquefied gas discharged from the liquefied gas storage tank by exchanging heat with an external cold heat source;
Transferring the cooled liquefied gas to the reliquefaction drum; And
Mixing the BOG and the cooled liquefied gas introduced into the reliquefaction drum.
제 17항에 있어서,
상기 BOG 및 냉각된 액화가스의 혼합에 의하여 재액화된 BOG를 액화가스 저장탱크로 회수하는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 BOG 재액화 방법.
The method of claim 17,
And recovering the BOG liquefied by mixing the BOG and the cooled liquefied gas to a liquefied gas storage tank.
제17항에 있어서,
상기 BOG의 이송은 액화가스 저장탱크의 압력과 재액화 드럼의 압력차에 의한 자연 이송 방식에 의하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 BOG 재액화 방법.The method of claim 17,
The BOG reliquefaction method of the BOG characterized in that made by the natural transfer method by the pressure difference between the pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank and the reliquefaction drum. 제17항에 있어서,
상기 외부 냉열원은 냉각된 질소가스인 것을 특징으로 하는 BOG 재액화 방법.
The method of claim 17,
And the external cold heat source is cooled nitrogen gas.
액화가스 저장탱크로부터 공급된 액화가스를 냉각시켜 발생된 BOG를 재액화하는 냉열원으로 이용하는 BOG 재액화 시스템이 구비된 액화가스 운반 장치.
A liquefied gas conveying apparatus equipped with a BOG reliquefaction system that uses the liquefied gas supplied from the liquefied gas storage tank as a cooling heat source for reliquefying the BOG generated.
액화가스 저장탱크로부터 공급된 액화가스를 냉각시켜 발생된 BOG를 재액화하는 냉열원으로 이용하는 BOG 재액화 시스템이 구비된 액화가스 저장 장치.A liquefied gas storage device equipped with a BOG reliquefaction system for cooling the liquefied gas supplied from the liquefied gas storage tank as a cooling heat source for reliquefying the BOG generated.
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