KR20190055667A - Surface structure capable of generating micro-vortex for self-energy generation for surface heating - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a surface structure capable of generating an ultrafine vortex to generate heat through self-generation. In a body existing in a fluid flow, the surface structure capable of generating an ultrafine vortex to generate heat through self-generation comprises: a plurality of ultrafine structures located on the surface of the body; a heater disposed inside the body to remove ice from the body surface; a controller controlling the driving of the heater; and at least one piezoelectric element unit disposed on the surface of the body, and generating electricity by utilizing a flow of fluid flowing toward the body so as to drive the heater. The ultrafine structure can generate a vortex on the body surface. By providing the structure including the ultrafine structure as described above, energy efficiency can be improved by removing ice generated on a surface of a transportation means running on a low-temperature fluid such as an aircraft and a ship with minimum energy.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a surface structure capable of generating ultrafine vortex and generating heat through self-generation,

More particularly, the present invention relates to a structure for generating ultrafine vortices, and more particularly, to a method of generating a super vortex by performing self-power generation through a vortex generated by a fluid flowing on a surface structure causing ultrafine vortices, To a structure capable of removing freezing occurring on the surface of the structure.

A variety of methods have been investigated to prevent freezing on the surface of airplanes, airfoils and fluids on the surface of the structures in order to increase the weight of the aircraft and to prevent airflow in the aircraft wing. At present, ADF (Aircraft Deicing Fluid) is mainly used for deicing and icing, but it is necessary to carry out flight in HOT (Holdover Time), which is harmful to the human body and environment as well as the effect is maintained for after- .

In order to solve these problems, active methods such as bleed air system and heater mat have been studied in order to remove freezing during flight. However, these methods have been required to reduce engine efficiency or require large energy of several tens to several hundred kW .

For this reason, in order to solve the above-mentioned freezing problem, there is a need for a method capable of freezing and freezing environmentally.

Korean Laid-open Patent Publication No. 10-2014-0072560 " Blade of a wind power generator using a piezoelectric material "

The present invention relates to a surface structure capable of generating ultrafine vortexes at the surface through a structure formed on the surface of an aircraft or a ship or the like which is operated in a low temperature fluid and generating heat through the built-in heater using such vortex and pressure as energy sources .

The technical object of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned technical objects and other technical objects which are not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description will be.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a body which exists in a fluid flow in an embodiment, comprising: a plurality of ultra-fine structures located on a surface of the body; A heater positioned inside the body to remove ice from the body surface; A controller for controlling driving of the heater; And at least one piezoelectric element which is positioned on the surface of the body and utilizes fluid flow flowing in a body direction to generate electricity to drive the heater,

Wherein the ultrafine structure is capable of generating a vortex on the surface of the body. The present invention provides an ultrafine vortex generating surface structure capable of generating heat through self-power generation.

The structure of the present invention may further include a temperature sensing unit for measuring the temperature of the surface of the body.

In this case, the controller drives the heater when a temperature rise is sensed by the temperature sensing unit due to latent heat release due to freezing generated on the body surface.

The control unit may drive the heater when the time when the surface temperature of the body does not change is equal to or greater than a first reference value as a result of the temperature sensing unit.

In addition, the structure of the present invention may further include an ice sensing unit for sensing a freezing area generated on the surface of the body.

In this case, the controller drives the heater when the surface freezing area of the body is detected as being frozen to a second reference value or more in the freezing detection unit.

In addition, the piezoelectric element unit is composed of a piezoelectric element layer and an electrode layer, and is characterized in that electricity can be generated using a vortex and a pressure change induced on the surface of the body by the flow of the fluid.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides an air foil in an air flow stream, comprising: a plurality of ultrafine structures generating ultrafine vortexes located on a surface of the airfoil; A heater positioned inside the airfoil to remove ice from the surface of the airfoil; A controller for controlling driving of the heater; And a piezoelectric element part positioned on the surface of the airfoil and utilizing the air flow flowing in the airfoil direction to generate electricity to drive the heater,

Wherein the ultrafine structure is capable of generating a vortex on the body surface. The airfoil has an ultrafine vortex generating surface structure capable of generating heat through self-power generation.

In particular, the piezoelectric element unit is composed of a piezoelectric element layer and an electrode layer, and is characterized in that electricity can be generated using a vortex and a pressure change caused on the surface of the airfoil by the flow of air.

The airfoil of the present invention may further include a temperature sensing unit for measuring the temperature of the surface of the airfoil, or an ice detection unit for sensing a freezing area generated on the surface of the airfoil.

In this case, the controller drives the heater when a temperature rise is sensed by the temperature sensing unit due to latent heat emission due to freezing generated on the surface of the airfoil.

The control unit may drive the heater when the time when the surface temperature of the airfoil does not change is equal to or greater than a first reference value as a result of the temperature sensing unit.

Further, the controller may drive the heater when the surface freezing area of the airfoil is detected as being frozen to a second reference value or more in the freezing sensing unit.

In addition, the pressure element unit may include a first pressure element unit and a second pressure element unit,

Wherein the first pressure element, the ultrafine structure, and the second pressure element are arranged in order on the surface of the airfoil.

At this time, the first pressure element may be disposed at a leading edge of the airfoil.

The present invention provides a structure including an ultrafine structure capable of generating ultrafine vortices on a surface, performs energy harvesting using a piezoelectric element from vortex and pressure changes generated through the structure, Energy is used to drive the heater, so that the icing generated on the surface can be removed with minimal energy.

1 is a schematic view of a surface structure capable of generating ultrafine vortex of the present invention to generate heat through self generation.
FIG. 2 is a view showing the principle of ultrafine vortex generated by the ultrafine structure of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view showing the shape of the ultrafine structure of the present invention.
4 is a front view of a shape in which an ultrafine structure of the present invention is disposed.
5 is a flowchart illustrating a process of controlling the driving of the heater to remove icing on the surface of the structure of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing a process in which the temperature of the surface changes due to latent heat as the surface of the structure is freezing.
7 is a view showing an embodiment of an air foil having a surface structure capable of generating heat through self generation by generating ultrafine vortices of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. It is to be noted that the same elements among the drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals whenever possible. Further, the detailed description of known functions and configurations that may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention will be omitted.

It is to be understood that when an element is referred to as being connected or connected to another element, it may be directly connected or connected to the other element, but it should be understood that there may be other elements in between. Further, when a member is referred to as being " on " another member throughout the specification, this includes not only when a member is in contact with another member but also when another member exists between the two members.

In the present application, the term " comprises " or " having " or the like is intended to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, parts, or combinations thereof, But do not preclude the presence or addition of other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

1 and 2, a micro vortex generating structure capable of generating heat through energy harvesting of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a surface structure capable of generating ultrafine vortex of the present invention and capable of generating heat through self-power generation, FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a principle of generating ultrafine vortices through the ultrafine structure of the present invention to be.

In one embodiment, the present invention provides a body (10) in a fluid flow stream, comprising a plurality of ultra-fine structures (200) positioned on a surface of the body (10) A controller 400 for controlling the driving of the heater 300 and a control unit 400 for controlling the operation of the heater 300. The control unit 400 is disposed on the surface of the body and uses the flow of fluid flowing in the body direction to generate electricity The present invention provides a super vortex generating structure capable of generating heat through self-power generation (energy harvesting) including at least one piezoelectric element part (500) for driving the heater to remove ice.

At this time, the shape of the body 10 is not limited to the shapes shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and may be formed in other shapes if they exist in the fluid flow.

Hereinafter, each element constituting the ultrafine vortex generating structure of the present invention will be described in detail. First, the ultrafine structure 200, which is one of the essential components of the present invention, is composed of a plurality of ultrafine structures 200 protruding in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the body 10. At this time, the ultrafine structure 200 generally refers to a micro or nano-sized structure.

As the fluid flows in the direction of the body 10, a primary vortex is induced on the body surface as shown in FIG. 2, and the plurality of ultrafine structures 200 are arranged at regular intervals, A secondary vortex is induced between the first electrode 200 and the second electrode.

Next, the shape and arrangement of the ultrafine structure 200 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a shape of an ultrafine structure of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a front view of a shape of an ultrafine structure of the present invention.

The vertical cross section of the ultrafine structure 200 may be a Sawtooth shape as shown in FIG. 3 (a), or a curved shape like a surface shape of a shark as shown in FIG. 3 (b) Or may have a scalloped shape as shown in Fig. 3 (c), or may have a concavo-convex shape as shown in Fig. 3 (d).

In addition, the ultrafine structure 200 may be formed to be long in the vertical direction as seen in FIG. 4 (a) or may be spaced evenly in the vertical direction as shown in FIG. 4 (b) Or a plurality of ultrafine structures 200 having different lengths as shown in FIG. 4 (c) may form a group, and a plurality of ultrafine structures may be spaced apart by a predetermined distance.

At this time, each of the ultrafine structures 200 forming the ultrafine structure group may be arranged symmetrically in order of height with respect to the ultrafine structure 200 having the longest length. In other words, each ultrafine structure 200 forming the ultrafine structure group may be arranged in a rhombic shape ()) when viewed from the upper surface.

However, if the ultrafine structure 200 is capable of inducing ultrafine vortexes on the surface of the body 10, the ultrafine structure 200 is not limited to the shapes and arrangements shown in FIGS. 3 to 4, Or may be disposed in a different form from that shown in Fig.

Next, the heater 300 that removes ice formed on the surface of the body 10 will be described.

When ice is formed on the surface of the body 10, not only the weight of the body 10 is increased but also the drag force acting on the surface of the body 10 is increased, thereby adversely affecting the air flow around the body 10 There is a problem that the lift and the thrust are reduced.

Accordingly, the present invention attempts to solve the above-mentioned problem by removing freezing of the body surface 10 through the heater 300.

The heater 300 may be disposed inside the body 10 to remove freezing of the surface of the body 300. Particularly, the heater 300 is embedded in the body 10 using a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) The space between the surface of the MEMS heater 10 and the surface of the MEMS heater 10 is minimized, thereby minimizing the thermal resistance that hinders heat to the surface, thereby more effectively removing freezing of the surface.

2, the heater 300 may include a temperature sensing unit 600 capable of measuring the temperature of the surface of the body 10 or an ice sensing unit 600 capable of sensing a freezing area generated on the surface of the body. (Not shown).

In other words, the heater 300 may be integrally coupled to the temperature sensing unit 600, may be integrally coupled to the ice sensing unit 700, and may include the temperature sensing unit 600 and the ice sensing unit 700, May be combined together.

At this time, the temperature sensing unit 600 may include at least one temperature sensor to sense a temperature change on the surface of the body 10, and the ice sensing unit 700 may include at least one optical sensor or a weight sensor So that the freezing surface area of the surface of the body 10 can be detected.

The temperature sensing unit 600 or the ice sensing unit 700 may be integrated with the heater 300. The temperature sensing unit 600 or the ice sensing unit 700 may be integrated with the heater 300, May be located on the surface of the body (10) without being coupled with the heater (300).

The freezing sensor 700 may be any sensor other than the optical sensor and the weight sensor as long as the freezing of the surface of the body 10 can be detected.

In addition, the heater 300 is driven based on information sensed by the temperature sensing unit 600 or the ice sensing unit 700, which will be described later in detail.

Next, the control unit 400 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 5 and FIG.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a process of controlling the driving of the heater to remove ice on the surface of the structure of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a process of changing the surface temperature by latent heat Fig.

The controller 400 controls the driving of the heater 300 using electric power generated by the piezoelectric element unit 500. In particular, the controller 400 controls the operation of the heater 300, It is not necessary to drive the heater 300 and the time required to drive the heater 300 based on the state change of the surface of the body 10 sensed by the temperature sensing unit 600 or the ice sensing unit 700 And drives the heater 300 accordingly.

First, a process of controlling the heater 300 based on a state change of the surface of the body 10 sensed by the temperature sensing unit 600 will be described.

I) If the fluid freezes on the surface of the body 10, latent heat is released from the fluid to raise the temperature of the surface of the body 10 as shown in FIG. 8, and the temperature sensing unit 600 senses the temperature rise have.

Accordingly, when the temperature sensing unit 600 senses an increase in the temperature of the surface of the body 10, the controller 400 determines that ice is formed on the surface of the body 10, drives the heater 300, Freezing can be removed.

Further, in case that the temperature change is small or the temperature is lower than the temperature of the body 10, the temperature sensing unit 600 may not detect the temperature change of the surface of the body 10, The control unit 400 may drive the heater when the time when the surface temperature of the body 10 does not change is equal to or greater than a first reference value as a result of the temperature sensing unit 600. In this case, the first reference value is a value previously set in the controller 400, and the first reference value can be set differently in consideration of the surrounding environment (weather, temperature, etc.) of the body 10.

Next, a process of controlling the heater 300 based on the state change of the surface of the body 10 sensed by the ice sensing unit 700 will be described.

The control unit 400 controls the freeze surface area of the body 10 to be frozen at a temperature equal to or higher than the second reference value on the basis of the optical image change on the surface of the body 10 or the weight change of the body 10 It is possible to remove the ice formed on the surface of the body 10 by driving the heater 300.

For example, when the second reference value is set to 10% of the entire body area, the heater 300 is heated only when the surface freezing area of the body 10 is detected as 10% .

In this case, the second reference value is a value preset in the controller 400, and the second reference value may be set to a second reference value differently depending on the use of the body 10 .

The controller 400 operates the heater 300 based on the state change of the surface of the body 10 sensed by the temperature sensing unit 600 or the ice sensing unit 700 so that the body 10 The occurrence of freezing on the surface of the body 10 can be minimized and the effect of freezing on the body 10 as the freezing of the body surface can be minimized.

2, the piezoelectric element unit 500 includes a piezoelectric element layer 510 and an electrode layer 520. The piezoelectric element unit 500 has a vortex and a pressure change induced on the surface of the body 10, Can be used to produce electricity. In other words, the eddy current and pressure induced on the surface of the body 10 press the piezoelectric element layer 510 located on the surface of the body 10, and electricity is generated accordingly.

The piezoelectric element layer 510 pressed by the vortex and pressure is subjected to energy harvesting to generate electricity and the generated electricity is transmitted to the controller 400 through the electrode layer 520, The heater 300 can be driven by using the electricity generated in the piezoelectric element layer 510.

At this time, the piezoelectric element layer 510 may be formed in a film form so as to be efficiently disposed on the surface of the body 10.

In summary, the structure of the present invention generates ultrafine vortexes at the surface of the body 10 through a plurality of ultrafine structures 200, and the piezoelectric element unit 500 located on the surface of the body 10 of the present invention is ultra- And the heater 300 is driven using the electricity generated through the self-power generation by utilizing the vortex and pressure change induced by the structure 210. The freezing of the surface of the body 10 using the minimum energy Can be removed.

Next, referring to FIG. 7, an air foil having an ultrafine vortex generating surface structure capable of generating heat through self-power generation, which is another embodiment of the present invention, will be described.

7 is a view showing an embodiment of an air foil having a surface structure capable of generating heat through self generation by generating ultrafine vortices of the present invention.

In an air foil 100 present in the air flow of the present invention, a plurality of ultra-fine structures 200 located on the surface of the airfoil 100 are positioned within the airfoil 100 A controller 400 for controlling the driving of the heater 300 and a controller 400 for controlling the operation of the heater 300. The controller 300 controls the operation of the heater 300, An air foil 100 having an ultrafine vortex generating structure capable of generating heat through self-power generation (energy harvesting) including a piezoelectric element unit 500 that generates electricity by utilizing a flow to drive the heater 300, .

At this time, the ultrafine structure 200 is formed in such a shape that a vortex is induced on the surface of the airfoil 100 as mentioned in the description of the ultrafine vortex generating structure, which is one embodiment of the present invention.

The piezoelectric element unit 500 constituting the air foil having the ultrafine vortex generating surface structure capable of generating heat through the energy harvesting of the present invention is composed of the piezoelectric element layer 510 and the electrode layer 520, And is capable of generating electricity by a vortex and a pressure change caused by the flow on the surface of the airfoil.

At this time, the piezoelectric element layer 510 may be in the form of a film adapted to be disposed on the surface of the airfoil 100.

The airfoil having an ultrafine vortex generating surface structure capable of generating heat through the energy harvesting of the present invention may further include a temperature sensing unit 600 for measuring the temperature of the surface of the airfoil 100, The ice detecting unit 700 may detect the iced area generated on the surface of the airfoil 100 by using a weight sensor or an optical sensor. Lt; / RTI >

At this time, the temperature sensing unit 600 or the ice sensing unit 700 may be integrated with the heater 300 and may be disposed on the surface of the airfoil 100, separated from the heater 300 It is possible.

The control unit 400 can drive the heater 300 when the temperature sensing unit 600 senses a temperature rise due to latent heat emission due to freezing generated on the surface of the airfoil 100, Or ii) when the time when the surface temperature of the airfoil 100 does not change is equal to or greater than the first reference value as a result of the temperature sensing unit 600, the heater 300 may be driven.

Iii) The controller 400 may drive the heater 300 when the surface freezing area of the airfoil in the freeze sensing unit 700 is detected to be frozen to a second reference value or more.

Since the process of driving the heater 300 of the controller 400 has been described in detail, the detailed description will be omitted here.

The pressure element part 500 constituting the airfoil having an ultrafine vortex generating surface structure capable of generating heat through self-power generation according to the present invention comprises a first pressure element part 510 and a second pressure element part 520 And the first pressure element part 510, the ultrafine structure 200, and the second pressure element part 520 may be disposed in this order on the surface of the airfoil 100.

10, the first pressure element part 510 is disposed at a leading edge of the airfoil 100, and the second pressure element part 520 is disposed at a leading edge of the airfoil 100, Can be placed at the trailing edge,

I) the first pressure element part (510) is located at the leading edge where the change in pressure due to the air flow in the airfoil (100) is the greatest, so that energy harvesting can be performed utilizing the pressure change,

Ii) The second pressure element 520 is located at the trailing edge where friction and vortex are mainly generated due to the fluid flow, and the pressure change due to the frictional force, The heater 300 may be driven by an energy harvesting process.

That is, in the present invention, the first pressure element part 510 is disposed in the airfoil 100 in consideration of a change in the pressure of the airfoil 100, which changes with the flow of air, The efficiency of the energy harvesting can be increased by disposing the second pressure element portion 520 on the leading edge having the largest pressure change on the surface thereof and disposing the second pressure element portion 520 on the trailing edge where friction and vorticity are mainly generated.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms used in the present invention are used only to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

The scope of protection of the present invention should be construed according to the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope of equivalents should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention.

10: Body
100: airfoil
200: ultrafine structure
300: heater
400:
500: piezoelectric element portion
510: first piezoelectric element portion
520: second piezoelectric element part
600: Temperature sensing unit
700:

Claims (15)

For a body present in a fluid flow stream,
A plurality of ultrafine structures located on a surface of the body;
A heater positioned inside the body to remove ice from the body surface;
A controller for controlling driving of the heater; And
And at least one piezoelectric element part positioned on the surface of the body and utilizing the flow of fluid flowing in the body direction to generate electricity to drive the heater,
Characterized in that the ultrafine structure is capable of generating a vortex on the body surface. The ultrafine vortex generating surface structure capable of generating heat through self-
The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising a temperature sensing unit for measuring the temperature of the surface of the body. The micro-vortex generating surface structure
3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the control unit drives the heater when a temperature rise is sensed by the temperature sensing unit due to the latent heat release due to freezing generated on the body surface. The micro vortex generating surface structure
3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the control unit drives the heater when a time period during which the surface temperature of the body does not change is equal to or greater than a first reference value as a result of measurement by the temperature sensing unit,
The method according to claim 1,
And a freezing sensor for sensing the freezing area generated on the surface of the body. The micro-vortex generating surface structure
6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the controller drives the heater when the surface freezing area of the body is detected to be frozen at a second reference value or more in the freezing sensing unit. The micro vortex generating surface structure
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the piezoelectric element portion is composed of a piezoelectric element layer and an electrode layer and is capable of generating electricity using a vortex and a pressure change induced on the surface of the body by the flow of the fluid, Ultra-fine vortex generating surface structure
In an air foil present in an air flow stream,
A plurality of ultrafine structures located on a surface of the airfoil;
A heater positioned inside the airfoil to remove ice from the surface of the airfoil;
A controller for controlling driving of the heater; And
And a piezoelectric element part which is positioned on the surface of the airfoil and utilizes an air flow flowing in an airfoil direction to generate electricity to drive the heater,
Characterized in that the ultrafine structure is capable of generating a vortex on the body surface. The airfoil having an ultrafine vortex generating surface structure capable of generating heat through self-
9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the piezoelectric element part is composed of a piezoelectric element layer and an electrode layer and is capable of generating electricity using a vortex and a pressure change induced on the surface of the airfoil by the flow of air, An airfoil having an ultrafine vortex generating surface structure capable of generating heat
9. The method of claim 8,
Further comprising a temperature sensing unit for measuring a temperature of the surface of the airfoil or an ice sensing unit for sensing a freezing area generated on a surface of the airfoil. Airfoil
11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the control unit drives the heater when a temperature rise is detected in the temperature sensing unit due to the latent heat release due to freezing generated on the surface of the airfoil, Airfoil
11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the control unit drives the heater when a time period during which the temperature of the surface of the airfoil does not change is equal to or greater than a first reference value as a result of the temperature sensing unit. An airfoil having a surface structure
11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the controller drives the heater when the freezing area of the surface of the airfoil is detected to be frozen at a second reference value or more in the freezing sensor unit. An airfoil having a surface structure
9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the pressure element part comprises a first pressure element part and a second pressure element part,
Wherein the first pressure element portion, the drag reduction portion, and the second pressure element portion are arranged in order on the surface of the airfoil.
15. The method of claim 14,
Wherein the first pressure element portion is disposed at a leading edge of the airfoil. 2. The airfoil of claim 1, wherein the first pressure element portion is disposed at a leading edge of the airfoil.

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