KR20150079409A - Switchable Type Display Device And Method Of Driving The Same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a switchable display device including a display panel and a lens panel for refracting or transmitting light of the display panel as it is, wherein the lens panel comprises a first substrate and a second substrate, A lens layer disposed between the first and second substrates; and a lens layer disposed between one of the first and second substrates and the lens layer, the nanocapsule And a liquid crystal layer made of nano-liquid crystal filled with a plurality of liquid crystal molecules.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a switching type display device and a method of driving the same,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a switching type display device, and more particularly, to a 2D video and 3D image switching type display device including a film type lens panel using nano liquid crystal and a driving method thereof.

Recently, a liquid crystal layer is filled in a concave lens layer using the optical anisotropy property of a liquid crystal molecule, and a liquid crystal layer selectively serves as a lens depending on whether an electric field is applied or not, so that a 2D (two dimensional) image and a 3D A switchable display device for selectively displaying a switchable display device has been proposed. Such a switchable display device will be described with reference to the drawings.

Figs. 1A and 1B are diagrams showing optical paths in the 2D mode and the 3D mode of the conventional switchable display device, respectively.

As shown in Figs. 1A and 1B, the switching type display device 10 includes a display panel 20 and a lens panel 30. Fig.

The display panel 20 displays an image using a plurality of pixels including the first through third pixels P1 through P3.

The lens panel 30 is disposed on the display panel 20 to selectively refract or transmit the light emitted from the display panel 20. The first and second substrates 40 and 50 And a liquid crystal layer 60 formed between the first and second substrates 40 and 50.

First and second electrodes 42 and 52 are formed on the inner surfaces of the first and second substrates 40 and 50. A polarizing plate 44 is formed on the outer surface of the first substrate 40, 52, a transparent concave lens layer 54 is formed.

The light emitted from the display panel 20 may have a polarization state in a specific direction while passing through the polarization plate 44, for example, it may have a polarization state in a direction perpendicular to the ground.

A plurality of recesses each having a semi-cylindrical shape are formed below the concave lens layer 54 and the liquid crystal layer 60 is filled in the plurality of concave portions between the concave lens layer 54 and the first electrode 42 .

The liquid crystal layer 60 includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 60a and the liquid crystal molecules 60a have an ordinary refractive index n _o and an extraordinary refractive index n _e according to the traveling direction of light .

Then, the liquid crystal layer 60 can be horizontally oriented so that the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 60a is perpendicular to the paper surface.

At this time, the concave lens layer 54 may be made of a material having the same refractive index as the normal refractive index (n _o ) of the liquid crystal molecules 60a.

The switching display device 10 selectively displays a 2D image and a 3D image according to the arrangement state of the liquid crystal layer 60.

That is, in a 2D mode in which a 2D image is displayed as shown in FIG. 1A, a voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes 42 and 52 so that the first and second electrodes 42 and 52 , And the liquid crystal layer 60 is rearranged such that the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 60a is parallel to the direction of the electric field.

Therefore, the light having passed through the polarizing plate 44 has a polarization state perpendicular to the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 60a, and as a result, the liquid crystal layer 60 is felt to have a normal refractive index n _o , _o at the interface between the liquid crystal layer 60 having the normal refractive index n ₀ and the concave lens layer 54 having the normal refractive index n _o .

Therefore, light having a polarization state perpendicular to the paper surface passes straight through the lens panel 30 without being refracted, and the switchable display device 10 displays a 2D image.

1B, no voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes 42 and 52 (OFF), and as a result, no electric field is generated, so that the liquid crystal layer 60 maintains the initial alignment state in which the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 60a is perpendicular to the paper surface.

Therefore, the light passing through the polarizing plate 44 has a polarization state parallel to the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 60a, and as a result, the liquid crystal layer 60 feels to have an extraordinary refractive index n _e , _e and a concave lens layer 54 having a normal refractive index (n _o ) at the interface between the liquid crystal layer 60 and the concave lens layer 54.

Therefore, light having a polarization state perpendicular to the paper surface is refracted and passes through the lens panel 30, and the switchable display device 10 displays a 3D image.

In the conventional switching display device 10, since the liquid crystal layer 60 must be formed by filling liquid crystal liquid between the first and second substrates 40 and 50, the switching type display device 10, There is a problem that the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 60 is increased and the lens panel 30 is formed in the form of a film, and the manufacturing cost is increased due to the formation of an alignment film for the liquid crystal layer 60.

Further, even after the formation of the lens panel 30, the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer 60 is sagged by gravity or the like and the cell gap is not uniformly maintained, so that the switching characteristics of the 2D image and the 3D image are deteriorated.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed in order to solve such problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a switching type display device in which a lens panel is formed in a film shape using nano liquid crystal filled with liquid crystal in a polymer nanocapsule, And a driving method thereof.

The liquid crystal layer of the lens panel is formed by using nano-liquid crystals filled with liquid crystals in polymer nanocapsules to prevent sagging of the liquid crystal layer and maintain a uniform cell gap, Another object of the present invention is to provide a switching type display device and a driving method thereof which are improved.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal display device comprising: a display panel for displaying an image; a lens panel disposed above the display panel and refracting or transmitting light emitted from the display panel as they are, First and second electrodes disposed on an inner surface of at least one of the first and second substrates; a lens layer disposed between the first and second substrates; And a lens panel disposed between one of the first and second substrates and the lens layer and including a liquid crystal layer composed of nano-liquid crystals filled with a plurality of liquid crystal molecules in the nanocapsule.

The nano liquid crystal has an isotropic property when an electric field is not applied and a directionality when an electric field is applied, and the liquid crystal layer has a refractive index higher than that of the binder And may further comprise a polymer.

The lens layer is a concave lens layer having a plurality of concave portions having a semi-cylindrical shape or a half-cylindrical shape on the bottom surface thereof and spaced apart from each other in parallel, and the concave lens layer is disposed on the inner surface of the second substrate .

The first and second electrodes may be disposed on the inner surface of the first substrate, and may have a bar shape and may be alternately arranged in parallel to each other.

Further, the concave lens layer has a refractive index substantially equal to an average value of the normal refractive index, the extraordinary refractive index, and the refractive index of the binder polymer, and the plurality of liquid crystal molecules may be a positive type having a positive dielectric anisotropy.

The first and second electrodes are disposed on the inner surfaces of the first and second substrates, respectively, and may have a plate shape.

The concave lens layer may have a refractive index substantially equal to an average value of the normal refractive index, the extraordinary refractive index, and the refractive index of the binder polymer, and the plurality of liquid crystal molecules may be a negative type having negative dielectric anisotropy.

The concave lens layer has a refractive index substantially equal to an average value of the normal refractive index and the refractive index of the binder polymer, and the plurality of liquid crystal molecules may be a positive type having a positive dielectric anisotropy.

In addition, the display panel can emit light in a non-polarized state.

The lens layer is a convex lens layer having a plurality of convex portions having a semi-cylindrical shape or a half-cylindrical shape on the upper surface thereof and spaced apart in parallel from each other, and the convex lens layer is disposed on the inner surface of the first substrate .

The first and second electrodes may be disposed on the inner surface of the second substrate, and may have a bar shape and may be alternately arranged in parallel to each other.

The convex lens layer has a refractive index substantially equal to an average value of the refractive index of the binder polymer and the refractive index of the binder polymer, and the plurality of liquid crystal molecules may be a positive type having a positive dielectric anisotropy.

The convex lens layer may have a refractive index substantially equal to an average value of the normal refractive index, the extraordinary refractive index, and the refractive index of the binder polymer, and the plurality of liquid crystal molecules may be a positive type having a positive dielectric anisotropy.

The first and second electrodes may be formed on inner surfaces of the first and second substrates, respectively, and may have a plate shape.

The convex lens layer may have a refractive index substantially equal to an average value of the normal refractive index, the extraordinary refractive index, and the refractive index of the binder polymer, and the plurality of liquid crystal molecules may be a negative type having negative dielectric anisotropy.

The convex lens layer may have a refractive index substantially equal to an average value of the normal refractive index, the extraordinary refractive index and the refractive index of the binder polymer, and the plurality of liquid crystal molecules may be a positive type having a positive dielectric anisotropy.

In addition, the display panel can emit light in a non-polarized state.

The present invention has the effect of reducing the total thickness and reducing the manufacturing cost by forming the lens panel into a film-like shape using nano-liquid crystals filled with liquid crystals in polymer nanocapsules.

The liquid crystal layer of the lens panel is formed by using nano-liquid crystals filled with liquid crystals in polymer nanocapsules to prevent sagging of the liquid crystal layer and maintain a uniform cell gap, And has an effect to be improved.

1A and 1B are diagrams showing optical paths in a 2D mode and a 3D mode of a conventional switchable display device, respectively.
FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B are diagrams showing liquid crystal arrangement states in the 2D mode and the 3D mode of the switching type display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing liquid crystal alignment states in the 2D mode and the 3D mode of the switching type display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention, respectively. FIG.
FIGS. 4A and 4B are diagrams showing liquid crystal arrangement states of the 2D mode and the 3D mode of the switching display device according to the third embodiment of the present invention, respectively. FIG.
FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams showing liquid crystal arrangement states in the 2D mode and the 3D mode of the switching type display device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
6A and 6B are diagrams showing liquid crystal alignment states in the 2D mode and the 3D mode of the switching display device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams showing liquid crystal arrangement states in the 2D mode and the 3D mode of the switching type display device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
FIGS. 8A and 8B are diagrams showing liquid crystal alignment states in the 2D mode and the 3D mode of the switching type display device according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
9A and 9B are waveform diagrams of voltages applied to the switching type display device according to the eighth and ninth embodiments of the present invention, respectively.

Hereinafter, a switching display device and a driving method thereof according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are views showing liquid crystal alignment states in the 2D mode and the 3D mode of the switching type display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, respectively.

As shown in Figs. 2A and 2B, the switchable display device 110 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a display panel 120 and a lens panel 130. Fig.

The display panel 120 displays an image using a plurality of pixels including the first through third pixels P1 through P3. When a 2D image is displayed, each of the plurality of pixels displays one image, When a 3D image is displayed, a plurality of pixels are divided into groups corresponding to the number of viewing zones, and pixels of each group correspond to each of the viewports and display a partial image constituting one image.

For example, the display panel 120 may be a flat panel display device such as a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light emitting diode (OLED), or a plasma display panel (PDP) a flat panel display (FPD), and in the case of a liquid crystal display device, a twist nematic (TN) mode, an in-plane switching (IPS) mode, a vertical alignment (VA) mode, an electrically controlled birefringence (ECB) compensated bend mode.

The light emitted from the display panel 120 can have a polarization state in a specific direction using a polarizing plate or the like, and can have a polarization state in a direction parallel to the paper surface, for example.

At this time, the polarizing plate may be formed on the upper surface of the display panel 120 or the lower surface of the lens panel 130.

The lens panel 130 is disposed above the display panel 120 to selectively refract or transmit the light emitted from the display panel 120. The first and second substrates 140 and 150 And a liquid crystal layer 160 formed between the first and second substrates 140 and 150.

The first and second substrates 140 and 150 may be formed of a flexible material in the form of a film.

A plurality of first electrodes 142 and a plurality of second electrodes 144 are formed on the inner surface of the first substrate 140 and a transparent concave lens layer 152 is formed on the inner surface of the second substrate 150.

The plurality of first electrodes 142 and the plurality of second electrodes 144 may each be in the shape of a bar and may be disposed in parallel and spaced apart from one another and may be formed of an indium-tin-oxide ITO) or indium-zinc-oxide (IZO), a conductive polymer, a carbon nano tube (CNT), a graphene or a silver nano wire (AgNW) And may be made of the same transparent conductive material.

The concave lens layer 152 has a normal refractive index n _o of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 164, an extra refractive index n _e of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 164 and an average value of refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer For example, a material such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate), having substantially the same refractive index within a range that does not affect the optical path control, and AVG (n _o , n _e , n _bp ) .

The concave lens layer 152 is formed with a plurality of concave portions having a semi-cylindrical shape or a half-cylindrical shape and spaced apart in parallel from each other. The liquid crystal layer 160 includes a concave lens layer 152, The first electrode 142 and the plurality of second electrodes 144 are filled in the plurality of recesses.

At this time, the cross-section of each of the plurality of recesses may be semicircular or semi-elliptic, and as a result, each of the plurality of recesses may realize a spherical concave lens shape or an aspherical concave lens shape.

In the first embodiment, the plurality of first electrodes 142 and the plurality of second electrodes 144 are formed parallel to the longitudinal direction of the semicylindrical shape of the plurality of recesses. However, in other embodiments, The first electrodes 142 and the plurality of second electrodes 144 may be formed perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the semicylindrical shape of the plurality of recesses or may be formed to have a plurality of first electrodes The second electrode 142 and the plurality of second electrodes 144 may be formed to be inclined so as to intersect the semi-cylindrical shape of the plurality of recesses at an arbitrary angle.

The liquid crystal layer 160 includes a nano liquid crystal in which a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 164 are filled in a nanocapsule 162 which is a polymer capsule having a diameter of several to several nanometers, The liquid crystal molecules 164 may be of a positive type in which the dielectric anisotropy is positive (??> 0).

A plurality of liquid crystal molecules 164 is a normal refractive index according to the progress direction of light (n _o: ordinary refractive index), and more than a refractive index: gatneunde a birefringence property that represents the (n _e extraordinary refractive index), for example, the normal refractive index (n _o) May be a nematic liquid crystal having an extraordinary refractive index (n _e ) (n _o <n _e ).

Such a nano-liquid crystal has isotropy when no electric field is applied, and when the electric field is applied, it is rearranged by the electric field in the nanocapsule 162 to have a directionality.

In particular, when a binder polymer is added to such a nano-liquid crystal, it is advantageous in that it can be easily produced in the form of a film.

For example, after a concave lens layer 152 is formed on a second substrate 150 in the form of a film, a nano-liquid crystal added with a binder polymer is coated, and the coated nano-liquid crystal is cured by heat or light to form a concave lens layer A liquid crystal layer 160 may be formed on the liquid crystal layer 160. An adhesive layer may be formed on the liquid crystal layer 160 using a material having excellent optical transparency such as optically clear adhesive (OCA) And can be used in the form of a film.

After the protective layer is removed from the second substrate 150 in the form of a film having the concave lens layer 152 and the liquid crystal layer 160 formed thereon, a plurality of first electrodes 142 and a plurality of second electrodes 144 are formed By adhering to the first substrate 140 in the form of a film, the lens panel 130 in the form of a film can be formed.

The switchable display device 110 selectively displays the 2D image and the 3D image according to the arrangement state of the liquid crystal layer 160.

That is, in the 2D mode in which the 2D image is displayed as shown in FIG. 2A, no voltage is applied (OFF) to the first electrodes 142 and the second electrodes 144, An electric field is not generated between the first electrode 142 and the plurality of second electrodes 144 and a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 164 of the liquid crystal layer 160 are randomly arranged in the nanocapsules 162 .

Accordingly, the light emitted from the display panel 120 and having a polarization state parallel to the plane of the liquid crystal molecules 164 has a refractive index corresponding to an average value of normal refractive index (n _o ) and extraordinary refractive index n _e And as a result the liquid crystal layer 160 has a normal refractive index n _o of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 164, an extra refractive index n _e of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 164 and a refractive index n _bp of a binder polymer And it has a refractive index corresponding to the average value AVG (n _o , n _e , n _bp ).

At this time, the concave lens layer 152 is divided into a normal refractive index n _o of a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 164, an extra refractive index n _e of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 164 and an average value of refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer AVG (n _o, n _e, n _bp)) and by forming a substantially material having the same refractive index in a range which does not affect the control light path, a liquid crystal light emitted from the display panel 120, layer 160 And the refractive index difference at the interface of the concave lens layer 152 is not felt.

For example, the average value AVG (n _o ) of the normal refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal molecules 164, the extraordinary refractive index n _e of the majority liquid crystal molecules 164, and the refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer, n _e , n _bp ) and the refractive index of the concave lens layer 152 may be about 1.55 to about 1.6, respectively.

Therefore, the light having the polarization state parallel to the paper passes through the lens panel 130 directly without being refracted, and the switchable display device 110 displays the 2D image.

In the 3D mode in which a 3D image is displayed as shown in FIG. 2B, a voltage is applied (ON) to a plurality of first electrodes 142 and a plurality of second electrodes 144, A horizontal electric field E is generated between the electrode 142 and the plurality of second electrodes 144 and a plurality of positive liquid crystal molecules 164 of the liquid crystal layer 160 are aligned in the long axis in the nanocapsule 162 Parallel to the first and second substrates 140 and 150 and parallel to the ground so as to be parallel to the horizontal electric field E.

Therefore, the light emitted from the display panel 120 and having a polarization state parallel to the surface of the liquid crystal molecules 164 is felt by the liquid crystal molecules 164 to have an extraordinary refractive index n _e . As a result, (N _e , n _bp )) of the refractive index (n _e ) of the liquid crystal molecule 164 and the refractive index (n _bp ) of the binder polymer.

At this time, the concave lens layer 152 has a normal refractive index n _o of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 164, an extra refractive index n _e of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 164 and an average value n _bp of a refractive index Since AVG (n _o, n _e, n _bp)) and substantially have the same refractive index, the light emitted from the display panel 120 will feel a difference in refractive index at the interface between the liquid crystal layer 160, and the negative lens layer 152 .

For example, the plurality of liquid crystal molecules 164 is more than the refractive index (n _e) a normal refractive index, so (n _o) greater nematic liquid than, more than the refractive index (n _e) of the plurality of the liquid crystal molecules 164 and the binder polymer The average value AVG (n _e , n _bp ) of the refractive index n _bp is determined by the normal refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal molecules 164, the extra refractive index n _e of the liquid crystal molecules 164, May be about 1.7 to about 1.75, which is about 1.55 to about 1.6, which is the average value of the refractive index (n _bp ) of the polymer (AVG (n _o , n _e , n _bp )).

The refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 160 is larger than the refractive index of the concave lens layer 152. In this case, the lens panel 130 functions as a convex lens, and has a polarization state that is emitted from the display panel 120 and is parallel to the paper surface The light is refracted and passes through the lens panel 130, and the switchable display device 110 displays the 3D image.

Since the switching type display device 110 uses nanocrystals in which a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 164 are filled in the nanocapsules 162, it is easy to manufacture the lens panel 130 in the form of a film, and an alignment film and a flattening film And the liquid crystal molecules 164 are rearranged by the electric field, so that uniform orientation can be secured.

In the first embodiment, a 2D image is displayed when a voltage is not applied using light in a polarized state parallel to the paper surface, and a 3D image is displayed when a voltage is applied. In another embodiment, the normal refractive index (n _o ) and an extraordinary refractive index (n _e ) and the refractive index of the concave lens layer 152 and displays a 2D image when a voltage is applied using light in a polarization state perpendicular to the paper surface, and when a voltage is not applied So that a 3D image can be displayed.

In the first embodiment, a 2D image or a 3D image is displayed using the concave lens layer 152 and the positive type liquid crystal layer 160, but in another embodiment, the concave lens layer and the negative type liquid crystal layer It is possible to display a 2D image or a 3D image using light in a parallel polarization state or to display a 2D image or a 3D image using a concave lens layer and a negative type liquid crystal layer and light in a polarization state perpendicular to the paper surface .

Although the positive type liquid crystal is used in the first embodiment, a negative type liquid crystal may be used in another embodiment, which will be described with reference to the drawings.

3A and 3B are diagrams showing liquid crystal alignment states in the 2D mode and the 3D mode of the switching type display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention, respectively, and description of the same portions as those in the first embodiment will be omitted.

3A and 3B, the switchable display device 210 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a display panel 220 and a lens panel 230.

The display panel 220 displays a 2D image or a 3D image using a plurality of pixels including the first through third pixels P1 through P3. The display panel 220 includes a liquid crystal display device, an organic light emitting diode A flat panel display device such as a display device or a plasma display device, and may be one of a TN mode, an IPS mode, a VA mode, an ECB mode, and an OCB mode in the case of a liquid crystal display device.

The light emitted from the display panel 220 may have a polarization state in a specific direction using a polarizing plate or the like, for example, a polarization state in a direction parallel to the ground.

The lens panel 230 is disposed on the display panel 220 to selectively refract or transmit light emitted from the display panel 220. The first and second substrates 240 and 250 And a liquid crystal layer 260 formed between the first and second substrates 240 and 250.

The first and second substrates 240 and 250 may be made of a flexible material in the form of a film.

First and second electrodes 242 and 252 are formed on the inner surfaces of the first and second substrates 240 and 250 and a transparent concave lens layer 254 is formed under the second electrode 252.

The first and second electrodes 242 and 252 may be in the form of plates formed on the entire surface of the first and second substrates 240 and 250 and may be formed of indium tin oxide or phosphorus- , A conductive polymer, a carbon nanotube, a graphene or a silver nanowire.

The concave lens layer 254 has a normal refractive index n _o of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 264, an extra refractive index n _e of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 264 and an average value AVG (n _e ) of a refractive index n _bp of a binder polymer n _o , n _e , n _bp ) and a material having substantially the same refractive index within a range that does not affect the optical path control, for example, a resin such as PET.

The inner surface of the first substrate 240 and the inner surface of the first electrode 242 and the inner surface of the second substrate 250 and the second electrode 252 are provided with concave and convex patterns for inducing rearrangement of the liquid crystal molecules 264, The concavo-convex pattern may be composed of concave portions and convex portions arranged alternately in parallel along the direction perpendicular to the paper surface.

The concave lens layer 254 is formed with a plurality of concave portions having a semi-cylindrical shape or a twin-cylinder shape and spaced apart in parallel from each other. The liquid crystal layer 260 includes a concave lens layer 254 and a first electrode 242 And the other end thereof is filled with a plurality of recesses.

At this time, the cross-section of each of the plurality of recesses may be semicircular or semi-elliptic, and as a result, each of the plurality of recesses may realize a spherical concave lens shape or an aspherical concave lens shape.

The liquid crystal layer 260 includes nano-liquid crystals in which a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 264 are filled in a nanocapsule 262, which is a polymer capsule having a diameter of several to several hundred nanometers, and a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 264 have a dielectric anisotropy May be a negative type having a negative value (DELTA epsilon < 0).

The plurality of liquid crystal molecules 264 has a birefringence characteristic that exhibits a normal refractive index n _o and an extra refractive index n _e according to the traveling direction of light. For example, when the normal refractive index n _o is greater than the ideal refractive index n _e It may be a small nematic liquid crystal (n _o <n _e ).

The liquid crystal molecules 264 of the nano-liquid crystal are isotropic when the electric field is not applied, and when the electric field is applied, the liquid crystal molecules 264 are rearranged by the electric field in the nanocapsule 262 to be oriented, It is easy to produce the film in the form of a film.

For example, after a second electrode 252 and a concave lens layer 254 are formed on a second substrate 250 in the form of a film, a nano-liquid crystal added with a binder polymer is coated, and then the coated nano- The liquid crystal layer 260 may be formed on the concave lens layer 254 and an adhesive layer may be formed on the liquid crystal layer 260 with a material having excellent optical transparency such as an optical transparent adhesive and a protective layer may be formed on the adhesive layer And can be used in the form of a film.

After the protective layer is removed from the second substrate 250 in the form of a film having the second electrode 252, the concave lens layer 254 and the liquid crystal layer 260, the first electrode 242 is formed, 1 substrate 240, the lens-shaped lens panel 230 can be formed.

The switchable display device 210 selectively displays a 2D image and a 3D image according to the arrangement state of the liquid crystal layer 260.

That is, in the 2D mode in which the 2D image is displayed as shown in FIG. 3A, no voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes 242 and 252 (OFF), so that the first and second electrodes 242, The liquid crystal molecules 264 of the liquid crystal layer 260 are randomly arranged in the nanocapsules 262. In this case,

Therefore, the light emitted from the display panel 220 and having a polarization state parallel to the surface of the liquid crystal molecules 264 has a refractive index corresponding to an average value of the normal refractive index (n _o ) and the extraordinary refractive index n _e And the result is that the liquid crystal layer 260 has the normal refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal molecules 264, the extra refractive index n _e of the liquid crystal molecules 264 and the refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer And it has a refractive index corresponding to the average value AVG (n _o , n _e , n _bp ).

At this time, the concave lens layer 254 is divided into a normal refractive index n _o of a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 264, an extra refractive index n _e of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 264, and an average value of refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer The light emitted from the display panel 220 is transmitted through the liquid crystal layer 260 to the liquid crystal layer 260 by being formed of a material having substantially the same refractive index within a range that does not affect the optical path control with AVG (n _o , n _e , n _bp ) And the refractive index difference at the interface of the concave lens layer 254 can be prevented.

For example, the average value AVG (n _o ) of the normal refractive index n _o of a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 264, the extraordinary refractive index n _e of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 264, and the refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer, n _e , n _bp ) and the refractive index of the concave lens layer 254 may be about 1.55 to about 1.6, respectively.

Therefore, the light having the polarization state parallel to the paper passes through the lens panel 230 directly without being refracted, and the switchable display device 210 displays the 2D image.

3B, a voltage is applied (ON) to the first and second electrodes 242 and 252 so that the first and second electrodes 242 and 252 A plurality of liquid crystal molecules 264 of negative type in the liquid crystal layer 260 are formed in the nanocapsules 262 such that the long axis is perpendicular to the vertical electric field E, 2 substrates 240 and 250 and parallel to the ground.

Therefore, the light emitted from the display panel 220 and having a polarization state parallel to the surface of the liquid crystal layer 264 feels that the liquid crystal molecules 264 have an extraordinary refractive index n _e , and as a result, (N _e , n _bp )) of the refractive index (n _e ) of the liquid crystal molecule 264 and the refractive index (n _bp ) of the binder polymer.

At this time, the concave lens layer 254 is formed by a normal refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal molecules 264, an extra refractive index n _e of the liquid crystal molecules 264, and an average value n _bp of the refractive index Since AVG (n _o, n _e, n _bp)) and substantially have the same refractive index, the light emitted from the display panel 220 can feel a difference in refractive index at the interface between the liquid crystal layer 260, and the negative lens layer 254 .

For example, a plurality of the liquid crystal molecules 264 is more than the refractive index (n _e) a normal refractive index, so (n _o) greater nematic liquid than, more than the refractive index (n _e) of the plurality of the liquid crystal molecules 264 and the binder polymer The average value AVG (n _e , n _bp ) of the refractive index n _bp is determined by the normal refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal molecules 264, the extra refractive index n _e of the liquid crystal molecules 264, May be about 1.7 to about 1.75, which is about 1.55 to about 1.6, which is the average value of the refractive index (n _bp ) of the polymer (AVG (n _o , n _e , n _bp )).

The refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 260 is greater than the refractive index of the concave lens layer 252. In this case, the lens panel 230 functions as a convex lens, and has a polarization state that is emitted from the display panel 220 and parallel to the paper surface The light is refracted and passes through the lens panel 230, and the switchable display device 210 displays the 3D image.

Since the switching display device 210 uses nano-liquid crystal in which a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 264 are filled in the nano-capsule 262, it is easy to manufacture the lens panel 230 in the form of a film, The cost is reduced and the liquid crystal molecules 264 are rearranged by the electric field, so that uniform orientation can be secured.

In the second embodiment, a 2D image is displayed when a voltage is not applied using light in a polarized state parallel to the paper surface, and a 3D image is displayed when a voltage is applied. In another embodiment, the normal refractive index (n _o ) and an extraordinary refractive index (n _e ) and a refractive index of the concave lens layer 254 and displays a 2D image when a voltage is applied using light in a polarization state perpendicular to the paper surface, and when a voltage is not applied So that a 3D image can be displayed.

In the first and second embodiments, the liquid crystal layer is formed between the first substrate and the concave lens layer under the second substrate. In another embodiment, the liquid crystal layer is formed between the convex lens layer on the first substrate and the second substrate. Which will be described with reference to the drawings.

4A and 4B are diagrams showing liquid crystal alignment states in the 2D mode and the 3D mode of the switching type display apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. Explanations of the same parts as those of the first and second embodiments It is omitted.

As shown in Figs. 4A and 4B, the switching type display device 310 according to the third embodiment of the present invention includes a display panel 320 and a lens panel 330. Fig.

The display panel 320 displays a 2D image or a 3D image using a plurality of pixels including the first through third pixels P1 through P3. The display panel 320 includes a liquid crystal display device, an organic light emitting diode A flat panel display device such as a display device or a plasma display device, and may be one of a TN mode, an IPS mode, a VA mode, an ECB mode, and an OCB mode in the case of a liquid crystal display device.

The light emitted from the display panel 320 may have a polarization state in a specific direction using a polarizing plate or the like, for example, a polarization state in a direction parallel to the ground.

The lens panel 330 is disposed above the display panel 320 to selectively refract or transmit the light emitted from the display panel 320. The first and second substrates 340 and 350 And a liquid crystal layer 360 formed between the first and second substrates 340 and 350.

The first and second substrates 340 and 350 may be made of a flexible material in the form of a film.

A transparent convex lens layer 342 is formed on the inner surface of the first substrate 340 and a plurality of first electrodes 352 and a plurality of second electrodes 354 are formed on the inner surface of the second substrate 350.

The convex lens layer 342 does not affect the optical path control and the average value AVG (n _e , n _bp ) of the extraordinary refractive index n _e of the liquid crystal molecules 364 and the refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer , A material having substantially the same refractive index, for example, a resin such as PET.

A plurality of convex portions having a semi-cylindrical shape or a half-cylindrical shape and spaced apart from each other in parallel are formed on the upper surface of the convex lens layer 342. The liquid crystal layer 360 includes convex lens layers 344, (352) and the plurality of second electrodes (354).

In this case, the cross section of each of the plurality of convex portions may be semicircular or semi-elliptic, and as a result, each of the plurality of convex portions may implement a spherical convex lens shape or an aspherical convex lens shape.

The plurality of first electrodes 352 and the plurality of second electrodes 354 may each be in the shape of a bar and may be arranged alternately and spaced apart from each other and may be formed of an indium tin oxide or phosphorus- Oxide, a conductive polymer, a carbon nanotube, a graphene or a silver nanowire.

In the third embodiment, the plurality of first electrodes 352 and the plurality of second electrodes 354 are formed parallel to the longitudinal direction of the semi-cylindrical shape of the convex portions, but in other embodiments, The first electrodes 352 and the plurality of second electrodes 354 may be formed perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the semicylindrical shapes of the convex portions or may be formed of a plurality of first electrodes 352 for the field overlap structure in 3D image display, And the plurality of second electrodes 354 may be formed to be inclined with respect to the semi-cylindrical shape of the convex portions at an arbitrary angle.

The liquid crystal layer 360 includes nano-liquid crystals in which a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 364 are filled in a nanocapsule 362, which is a polymer capsule having a diameter of several to several hundred nanometers, and a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 364 have a dielectric anisotropy May be a positive type in which the amount (? &Gt; 0).

The plurality of liquid crystal molecules 364 has a birefringence characteristic indicating a normal refractive index n _o and an extra refractive index n _e depending on the traveling direction of light. For example, when the normal refractive index n _o is greater than the ideal refractive index n _e It can be a small nematic liquid crystal (n _o <n _e ).

Such nano-liquid crystals are isotropic when the electric field is not applied, and when the electric field is applied, they are rearranged by the electric field in the nanocapsules 362 to have a directionality. When a binder polymer is added to such nano- There is an advantage that it is easy to do.

For example, after a convex lens layer 342 is formed on a first substrate 340 in the form of a film, a nano-liquid crystal added with a binder polymer is coated, and the coated nano-liquid crystal is cured by heat or light to form a convex lens layer The liquid crystal layer 360 may be formed on the liquid crystal layer 360 by forming an adhesive layer on the liquid crystal layer 360 with a material having excellent optical transparency such as an optical transparent adhesive and forming a protective layer on the adhesive layer. .

After the protective layer is removed from the first substrate 340 in the form of a film having the convex lens layer 342 and the liquid crystal layer 360 formed thereon, a plurality of first electrodes 352 and a plurality of second electrodes 354 are formed By attaching to the second substrate 350 in the form of a film, the lens panel 330 in the form of a film can be formed.

The switchable display device 310 selectively displays the 2D image and the 3D image according to the arrangement state of the liquid crystal layer 360.

That is, in a 2D mode in which a 2D image is displayed as shown in FIG. 4A, a voltage is applied (ON) to a plurality of first electrodes 352 and a plurality of second electrodes 354, A horizontal electric field E is generated between the electrode 352 and the plurality of second electrodes 354 and a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 364 of the positive type of the liquid crystal layer 360 are aligned in a long axis in the nanocapsule 362 Are arranged in parallel to the first and second substrates 340 and 350 and parallel to the ground so as to be parallel to the horizontal electric field E.

Therefore, the light emitted from the display panel 320 and having a polarization state parallel to the surface of the liquid crystal molecules 364 is felt by the liquid crystal molecules 364 to have an extraordinary refractive index n _e . As a result, A refractive index corresponding to the average value AVG (n _e , n _bp ) of the ideal refractive index n _e of the liquid crystal molecules 364 and the refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer.

At this time, the convex lens layer 342 is formed so as to satisfy the relationship of the ideal refractive index n _e of the liquid crystal molecules 364 and the average value AVG (n _e , n _bp ) of the refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer, It is possible to prevent the light emitted from the display panel 320 from having a difference in refractive index at the interface between the convex lens layer 342 and the liquid crystal layer 360 by forming the convex lens layer 342 with a material having substantially the same refractive index .

For example, the average refractive index n _e of the liquid crystal molecules 364 and the refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer AVG (n _e , n _bp ) and the refractive index of the convex lens layer 342 are About 1.7 to about 1.75.

Therefore, the light having the polarization state parallel to the paper passes through the lens panel 330 directly without being refracted, and the switchable display device 310 displays the 2D image.

In the 3D mode in which the 3D image is displayed as shown in FIG. 4B, no voltage is applied to the plurality of first electrodes 352 and the plurality of second electrodes 354 (OFF), and as a result, An electric field is not generated between the first electrode 352 and the plurality of second electrodes 354 and a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 364 of the liquid crystal layer 360 are randomly arranged in the nanocapsules 362 .

Accordingly, the light emitted from the display panel 320 and having a polarization state parallel to the plane of the liquid crystal molecules 364 has a refractive index that corresponds to an average value of the normal refractive index (n _o ) and the extraordinary refractive index n _e And the result is that the liquid crystal layer 360 has the normal refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal molecules 364, the extra refractive index n _e of the liquid crystal molecules 364, and the refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer And it has a refractive index corresponding to the average value AVG (n _o , n _e , n _bp ).

At this time, the convex lens layer 342 has a refractive index substantially equal to AVG (n _e , n _bp ) of the ideal refractive index n _e of the liquid crystal molecules 364 and the refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer The light emitted from the display panel 320 experiences a refractive index difference at the interface between the convex lens layer 342 and the liquid crystal layer 360. [

For example, because a plurality of the liquid crystal molecules 364 is more than the refractive index (n _e) is greater nematic liquid crystal than the normal refractive index (n _o), normal refractive index of the plurality of liquid crystal molecules (364) (n _o), a plurality of liquid crystal the average value of more than the refractive index (n _e) and the refractive index of the binder polymer (n _bp) of the molecule _{(364) (AVG (n o} , n e, n bp)) is a plurality of more than the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules (364) (n _e And about 1.55 to about 1.6, which is less than about 1.7 to about 1.75, which is the average value (AVG (n _e , n _bp )) of the refractive index (n _bp ) of the binder polymer.

The refractive index of the convex lens layer 342 is larger than the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 360. In this case, the lens panel 330 functions as a convex lens, and has a polarization state that is emitted from the display panel 320 and is parallel to the ground The light is refracted and passes through the lens panel 330, and the switchable display device 310 displays the 3D image.

Since the switching display device 310 uses nanocrystals in which a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 364 are filled in the nanocapsules 362, it is easy to manufacture the lens panel 330 in the form of a film, and the alignment film and the flattening film are omitted The manufacturing cost is reduced and the liquid crystal molecules 364 are rearranged by the electric field, so that uniform orientation can be secured.

In the third embodiment, a 2D image is displayed when a voltage is applied, and a 3D image is displayed when a voltage is not applied. In another embodiment, the refractive index of the convex lens layer 342 and the polarization direction of incident light are adjusted, A 2D image is displayed when a voltage is not applied and a 3D image is displayed when a voltage is applied, which will be described with reference to the drawings.

5A and 5B are diagrams illustrating liquid crystal alignment states in the 2D mode and the 3D mode of the switching type display device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and the description of the same parts as those of the first to third embodiments It is omitted.

5A and 5B, the switchable display device 410 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention includes a display panel 420 and a lens panel 430. [

The display panel 420 displays a 2D image or a 3D image using a plurality of pixels including the first through third pixels P1 through P3. The display panel 420 includes a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode A flat panel display device such as a display device or a plasma display device, and may be one of a TN mode, an IPS mode, a VA mode, an ECB mode, and an OCB mode in the case of a liquid crystal display device.

The light emitted from the display panel 420 may have a polarized state in a specific direction using a polarizing plate or the like, for example, a polarized state in a direction perpendicular to the ground.

The lens panel 430 is disposed on the display panel 420 to selectively refract or transmit the light emitted from the display panel 420. The first and second substrates 440 and 450 And a liquid crystal layer 460 formed between the first and second substrates 440 and 450.

The first and second substrates 440 and 450 may be made of a flexible material in the form of a film.

A transparent convex lens layer 442 is formed on the inner surface of the first substrate 440 and a plurality of first electrodes 452 and a plurality of second electrodes 454 are formed on the inner surface of the second substrate 450.

The convex lens layer 442 has a normal refractive index n _o of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 464, an extra refractive index n _e of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 464 and an average value AVG (n _e ) of refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer n _o , n _e , n _bp ) and a material having substantially the same refractive index within a range that does not affect the optical path control, for example, a resin such as PET.

The liquid crystal layer 460 includes a convex lens layer 444 and a plurality of first electrodes 442. The convex lens layer 444 is formed on the upper surface of the convex lens layer 442. The convex lens layer 444 has a semicylindrical or half- (452) and a plurality of second electrodes (454).

In this case, the cross section of each of the plurality of convex portions may be semicircular or semi-elliptic, and as a result, each of the plurality of convex portions may implement a spherical convex lens shape or an aspherical convex lens shape.

The plurality of first electrodes 452 and the plurality of second electrodes 454 may each be in the form of a bar and may be arranged alternately and spaced apart from each other and may be formed of an indium tin oxide or phosphorus- Oxide, a conductive polymer, a carbon nanotube, a graphene or a silver nanowire.

The liquid crystal layer 460 includes a nano-liquid crystal in which a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 464 are packed in a nanocapsule 462, which is a polymer capsule having a diameter of several to several hundred nanometers, and a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 464 has a dielectric anisotropy May be a positive type in which the amount (? &Gt; 0).

The plurality of liquid crystal molecules 464 has a birefringence characteristic indicating a normal refractive index n _o and an extra refractive index n _e depending on the traveling direction of light. For example, when the normal refractive index n _o is greater than the ideal refractive index n _e It can be a small nematic liquid crystal (n _o <n _e ).

Such nano-liquid crystals are isotropic when the electric field is not applied, and when the electric field is applied, they are rearranged by the electric field in the nanocapsules 462 to be oriented. When a binder polymer is added to such nano-liquid crystals, There is an advantage that it is easy to do.

The switchable display device 410 selectively displays the 2D image and the 3D image according to the arrangement state of the liquid crystal layer 460.

That is, in the 2D mode in which the 2D image is displayed as shown in FIG. 5A, no voltage is applied (OFF) to the first electrodes 452 and the second electrodes 454, An electric field is not generated between the first electrode 452 and the plurality of second electrodes 454 and a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 464 of the liquid crystal layer 460 are randomly arranged in the nanocapsules 362 .

Therefore, the light emitted from the display panel 420 and having a polarization state perpendicular to the plane of the liquid crystal molecules 464 has a refractive index corresponding to an average value of normal refractive index (n _o ) and extraordinary refractive index n _e And the result is that the liquid crystal layer 460 has the normal refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal molecules 464, the extra refractive index n _e of the liquid crystal molecules 464 and the refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer. And it has a refractive index corresponding to the average value AVG (n _o , n _e , n _bp ).

At this time, the convex lens layer 442 is divided into a normal refractive index n _o of a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 464, an extra refractive index n _e of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 464, and an average value of refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer The light emitted from the display panel 420 is formed of a material having substantially the same refractive index within a range that does not affect the optical path control with the convex lens layer 442 (AVG (n _o , n _e , n _bp ) ) And the liquid crystal layer 460. [0254]

For example, the average value AVG (n _o ) of the normal refractive index (n _o ) of a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 464, the extraordinary refractive index n _e of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 364 and the refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer, n _e , n _bp ) and the refractive index of the convex lens layer 342 may be about 1.55 to about 1.6, respectively.

Therefore, the light having the polarization state perpendicular to the paper passes through the lens panel 430 directly without being refracted, and the switchable display device 410 displays the 2D image.

In the 3D mode in which the 3D image is displayed as shown in FIG. 5B, a voltage is applied to the first electrodes 452 and the second electrodes 454, and as a result, A horizontal electric field E is generated between the electrode 452 and the plurality of second electrodes 454 and a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 464 of the positive type in the liquid crystal layer 460 are aligned in the long axis in the nanocapsule 462 Are arranged on the first and second substrates 440 and 450 so as to be parallel to the horizontal electric field E and parallel to the ground.

Therefore, the light emitted from the display panel 420 and having a polarization state perpendicular to the surface of the sheet of paper is felt by the liquid crystal molecules 464 having a normal index of refraction (n ₀ ), and as a result, feel to have a refractive index corresponding to the normal refractive index (n _o) and the average value (AVG (n _o, n _bp)) of the refractive index (n _bp) of the binder polymer of the liquid crystal molecules 464.

At this time, the convex lens layer 442 has an average value AVG (n _o , n _e ) of the normal refractive index (n _o ), the extra refractive index n _e and the refractive index n _bp of the liquid crystal molecules 464, n _bp ), the light emitted from the display panel 420 experiences a refractive index difference at the interface between the convex lens layer 442 and the liquid crystal layer 460.

For example, a plurality of the liquid crystal molecules 464 is more than the refractive index (n _e) a normal refractive index, so (n _o) greater nematic liquid crystal than the normal refractive index (n _o) of the plurality of the liquid crystal molecules 464, and a binder polymer refractive index (n _bp), the average value (AVG (n _o, n _bp)) is a normal refractive index (n _o), at least the refractive index (n _e) and the refractive index of the binder polymer (n _bp) of the plurality of the liquid crystal molecules 464 of the May be from about 1.55 to about 1.5, which is less than about 1.6, which is the average value (AVG (n _o , n _e , n _bp )).

The refractive index of the convex lens layer 442 is larger than the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 460. In this case, the lens panel 430 functions as a convex lens, and has a polarization state that is emitted from the display panel 420 and perpendicular to the paper surface The light is refracted and passes through the lens panel 430, and the switchable display device 410 displays the 3D image.

Since the nano liquid crystal in which the liquid crystal molecules 464 are filled in the nanocapsule 462 is used for the switching type display device 410, the lens panel 430 can be easily manufactured in the form of a film, and the alignment film and the flattening film And the liquid crystal molecules 464 are rearranged by the electric field, so that uniform orientation can be secured.

In the third and fourth embodiments, the convex lens layer and the positive type liquid crystal layer display a 2D image or a 3D image using light in a polarization state parallel to the paper surface or light in a polarization state perpendicular to the paper surface, (N _o ) and an extraordinary refractive index (n _e ) of the liquid crystal molecule and the refractive index of the convex lens layer, and when the voltage is not applied using the polarized light parallel to the plane of the liquid crystal layer of the negative type, (N _o ) and the extraordinary refractive index (n _e ) of the liquid crystal molecules and the refractive index of the convex lens layer are adjusted so that the liquid crystal layer of the negative type and the liquid crystal layer of the negative type A 2D image can be displayed when a voltage is applied and a 3D image can be displayed when a voltage is not applied using light in a polarization state.

Although a positive type liquid crystal is used in the third embodiment, a negative type liquid crystal may be used in another embodiment, which will be described with reference to the drawings.

6A and 6B are diagrams showing liquid crystal alignment states in the 2D mode and the 3D mode of the switchable display device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, and a description of the same parts as those of the first to fourth embodiments It is omitted.

6A and 6B, the switchable display device 510 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention includes a display panel 520 and a lens panel 530.

The display panel 520 displays a 2D image or a 3D image using a plurality of pixels including the first through third pixels P1 through P3. The display panel 520 includes a liquid crystal display device, an organic light emitting diode A flat panel display device such as a display device or a plasma display device, and may be one of a TN mode, an IPS mode, a VA mode, an ECB mode, and an OCB mode in the case of a liquid crystal display device.

The light emitted from the display panel 520 may have a polarization state in a specific direction using a polarizing plate or the like, for example, a polarization state in a direction perpendicular to the ground.

The lens panel 530 is disposed on the display panel 520 to selectively refract or transmit the light emitted from the display panel 520. The first and second substrates 540 and 550 And a liquid crystal layer 560 formed between the first and second substrates 540 and 550.

The first and second substrates 540 and 550 may be made of a flexible material in the form of a film.

First and second electrodes 542 and 552 are formed on the inner surfaces of the first and second substrates 540 and 550 and a transparent convex lens layer 544 is formed on the first electrode 542.

The first and second electrodes 542 and 552 may be in the form of a plate formed on the entire surfaces of the first and second substrates 540 and 550 and may be formed of indium-tin-oxide or phosphorus-zinc-oxide, , A carbon nanotube, a graphene, or a silver nanowire.

The convex lens layer 544 has a normal refractive index n _o of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 564, an extra refractive index n _e of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 564 and an average value AVG (n _e ) of a refractive index n _bp of a binder polymer n _o , n _e , n _bp ) and a material having substantially the same refractive index within a range that does not affect the optical path control, for example, a resin such as PET.

The inner surface of the first substrate 540 and the inner surface of the first electrode 542 and the inner surface of the second substrate 550 and the second electrode 552 are provided with concave and convex patterns for guiding rearrangement of the liquid crystal molecules 564, The concavo-convex pattern may be composed of concave portions and convex portions arranged alternately in parallel along the direction perpendicular to the paper surface.

The convex lens layer 544 has a convex lens layer 544 and a plurality of second electrodes 552. The convex lens layer 544 has a plurality of convex portions having a semicylindrical shape or a twin- Lt; / RTI &gt;

In this case, the cross section of each of the plurality of convex portions may be semicircular or semi-elliptic, and as a result, each of the plurality of convex portions may implement a spherical convex lens shape or an aspherical convex lens shape.

The liquid crystal layer 560 includes a nano-liquid crystal in which a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 564 are filled in a nanocapsule 562, which is a polymer capsule having a diameter of several to several hundred nanometers, and a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 564 has a dielectric anisotropy May be of a negative type with this sound (DELTA epsilon < 0).

The plurality of liquid crystal molecules 564 has a birefringence characteristic indicating a normal refractive index n _o and an extra refractive index n _e depending on the traveling direction of light. For example, when the normal refractive index n _o is greater than the ideal refractive index n _e It can be a small nematic liquid crystal (n _o <n _e ).

Such a nano-liquid crystal has an isotropic property when no electric field is applied, and when the electric field is applied, it is rearranged by an electric field in the nanocapsule 562 to have a directionality. When a binder polymer is added to such nano- There is an advantage that it is easy to do.

For example, after a first electrode 542 and a convex lens layer 544 are formed on a first substrate 540 in the form of a film, a nano-liquid crystal added with a binder polymer is coated, and then the coated nano- A liquid crystal layer 560 can be formed on the convex lens layer 544 and an adhesive layer can be formed on the liquid crystal layer 560 with a material having excellent optical transparency such as an optical transparent adhesive and a protective layer And can be used in the form of a film.

After the protective layer is removed from the first substrate 540 in the form of a film on which the first electrode 542, the convex lens layer 544 and the liquid crystal layer 560 are formed, 2 substrate 550, a lens-shaped lens panel 530 can be formed.

The switchable display device 510 selectively displays the 2D image and the 3D image according to the arrangement state of the liquid crystal layer 560.

That is, in the 2D mode in which the 2D image is displayed as shown in FIG. 6A, no voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes 542 and 552 (OFF), so that the first and second electrodes 542, The liquid crystal molecules 564 of the liquid crystal layer 560 are randomly arranged in the nanocapsules 562. In this case,

Therefore, the light emitted from the display panel 520 and having a polarization state perpendicular to the plane of the liquid crystal molecules 564 has a refractive index corresponding to an average value of normal refractive index (n _o ) and ideal refractive index n _e And the result is that the liquid crystal layer 560 has the normal refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal molecules 564, the extra refractive index n _e of the liquid crystal molecules 564 and the refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer. And it has a refractive index corresponding to the average value AVG (n _o , n _e , n _bp ).

At this time, the convex lens layer 544 is divided into a normal refractive index n _o of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 564, an extra refractive index n _e of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 564, and an average value of refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer The light emitted from the display panel 520 is formed of a material having substantially the same refractive index within a range that does not affect the optical path control with the convex lens layer 544 (AVG (n _o , n _e , n _bp ) ) And the liquid crystal layer 560. In this case,

For example, the average value AVG (n _o ) of the normal refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal molecules 564, the extraordinary refractive index n _e of the liquid crystal molecules 564, and the refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer, n _e , n _bp ) and the convex lens layer 544 may each be about 1.55 to about 1.6.

Therefore, light having a polarization state perpendicular to the paper passes through the lens panel 530 straight without being refracted, and the switchable display device 510 displays a 2D image.

6B, a voltage is applied (ON) to the first and second electrodes 542 and 552 so that the first and second electrodes 542 and 552 A plurality of liquid crystal molecules 564 of negative type in the liquid crystal layer 560 are formed in the nanocapsules 562 such that the long axis is perpendicular to the vertical electric field E, 2 substrates 540 and 550 and rearranged in parallel to the ground.

Accordingly, the light emitted from the display panel 520 and having a polarization state perpendicular to the surface of the liquid crystal panel 560 is felt by the liquid crystal molecules 560 as having a normal refractive index (n ₀ ) (N _o , n _bp )) of the normal refractive index (n _o ) of the liquid crystal molecules 564 and the refractive index (n _bp ) of the binder polymer.

At this time, the convex lens layer 544 has a normal refractive index n _o of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 564, an extra refractive index n _e of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 564, and an average value of refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer The light emitted from the display panel 520 experiences a refractive index difference at the interface between the convex lens layer 544 and the liquid crystal layer 560 because the refractive index difference between the convex lens layer 544 and the liquid crystal layer 560 has substantially the same refractive index as that of the liquid crystal layer 560 (AVG (n _o , n _e , n _bp ) .

For example, a plurality of the liquid crystal molecules 564 is more than the refractive index (n _e) a normal refractive index, so (n _o) greater nematic liquid crystal than the normal refractive index (n _o) of the plurality of the liquid crystal molecules 364, and a binder polymer The average value AVG (n _o , n _bp ) of the refractive index n _bp is determined by the normal refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal molecules 364, the extra refractive index n _e of the liquid crystal molecules 364, May be from about 1.55 to about 1.5, which is an average value of the refractive index (n _bp ) of the polymer (AVG (n _o , n _e , n _bp )).

The refractive index of the convex lens layer 544 is larger than the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 560. In this case, the lens panel 530 functions as a convex lens, and has a polarization state that is emitted from the display panel 520 and perpendicular to the paper surface The light is refracted and passes through the lens panel 530, and the switchable display device 510 displays the 3D image.

This switching type display device 510 uses a nano-liquid crystal in which a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 564 are filled in the nano-capsule 562, so that it is easy to manufacture the lens panel 530 in the form of a film, and an alignment film and a flattening film And the liquid crystal molecules 564 are rearranged by the electric field, so that uniform orientation can be secured.

In the fifth embodiment, a 2D image is displayed when a voltage is not applied and a 3D image is displayed when a voltage is applied using light in a polarization state perpendicular to the paper surface. In another embodiment, the normal refractive index (n _o ) and an extraordinary refractive index (n _e ) and the refractive index of the convex lens layer 544 and displays a 2D image when a voltage is applied using light in a polarization state parallel to the paper surface, and when a voltage is not applied So that a 3D image can be displayed.

In the first to fifth embodiments, the 2D image and the 3D image are selectively displayed using the light in the polarization state, but in another embodiment, the 2D image and the 3D image can be selectively displayed using the light in the unpolarized state , Which will be described with reference to the drawings.

7A and 7B are diagrams showing liquid crystal alignment states in the 2D mode and the 3D mode of the switching type display device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention, and a description of the same parts as those of the first to fifth embodiments It is omitted.

As shown in Figs. 7A and 7B, the switching type display device 610 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention includes a display panel 620 and a lens panel 630. Fig.

The display panel 620 displays a 2D image or a 3D image using a plurality of pixels including the first through third pixels P1 through P3. The display panel 620 includes a liquid crystal display device, an organic light emitting diode A flat panel display device such as a display device or a plasma display device, and may be one of a TN mode, an IPS mode, a VA mode, an ECB mode, and an OCB mode in the case of a liquid crystal display device.

Here, the display panel 620 may emit not only light having a polarization state in a specific direction but also light in a non-polarization state. For example, a top emission type in which a circularly polarizing plate for mirror- Organic light emitting diode display device.

The reason why the switching type display device 610 can selectively display the 2D image and the 3D image even when the display panel 620 emits light in the unpolarized state is that the lens panel 630 is a liquid crystal molecule This is because the birefringence (phase difference) of the liquid crystal layer 660 itself is not used but the effective refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 660 itself is utilized, which will be described later.

The lens panel 630 is disposed on the display panel 620 to selectively refract or transmit the light emitted from the display panel 620. The first and second substrates 640 and 650 And a liquid crystal layer 660 formed between the first and second substrates 640 and 650.

The first and second substrates 640 and 650 may be made of a flexible material in the form of a film.

First and second electrodes 642 and 652 are formed on the inner surfaces of the first and second substrates 640 and 650 and a transparent concave lens layer 654 is formed under the second electrode 652.

The first and second electrodes 642 and 652 may be in the form of a plate formed on the entire surface of the first and second substrates 640 and 650 and may be formed of indium-tin-oxide or phosphorus-zinc-oxide, , A carbon nanotube, a graphene, or a silver nanowire.

The concave lens layer 654 has a normal refractive index n _o of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 664, an extra refractive index n _e of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 664 and an average value AVG (n _e ) of a refractive index n _bp of a binder polymer n _o , n _e , n _bp ) and a material having substantially the same refractive index within a range that does not affect the optical path control, for example, a resin such as PET.

The liquid crystal layer 660 has a concave lens layer 654 and a plurality of first electrodes 642 and a plurality of second concave portions 652. The concave lens layer 654 has a semicylindrical or half- As shown in Fig.

At this time, the cross-section of each of the plurality of recesses may be semicircular or semi-elliptic, and as a result, each of the plurality of recesses may realize a spherical concave lens shape or an aspherical concave lens shape.

The liquid crystal layer 660 includes nano-liquid crystals in which a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 664 are filled in a nanocapsule 662, which is a polymer capsule having a diameter of several to several hundreds of nanometers, and a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 664 has a dielectric anisotropy May be a positive type in which the amount (? &Gt; 0).

The plurality of liquid crystal molecules 664 have a birefringence characteristic indicating a normal refractive index n _o and an extra refractive index n _e according to the traveling direction of light. For example, when the normal refractive index n _o is greater than the ideal refractive index n _e It can be a small nematic liquid crystal (n _o <n _e ).

Such nano-liquid crystals are isotropic when an electric field is not applied, and when the electric field is applied, they are rearranged by an electric field in the nanocapsules 662 to have a directionality. When a binder polymer is added to such nano-liquid crystals, There is an advantage that it is easy to do.

The switchable display device 610 selectively displays a 2D image and a 3D image according to the arrangement state of the liquid crystal layer 660.

That is, in the 2D mode in which the 2D image is displayed as shown in FIG. 7A, a voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes 642 and 652 so that the first and second electrodes 642 and 652 And a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 664 of positive type in the liquid crystal layer 660 are formed in the nanocapsules 662 such that the long axis is parallel to the vertical electric field E, 2 substrates 640, 650 and parallel to the ground.

Accordingly, the light emitted from the display panel 620 and having a polarized state or a non-polarized state can be recognized by the fact that a large number of liquid crystal molecules 664 have a normal refractive index (n ₀ ), and as a result, feel to have a refractive index corresponding to the average value (AVG (n _o, n _bp)) of the normal refractive index (n _o) and the refractive index of the binder polymer (n _bp) of the molecule (664).

At this time, the concave lens layer 654 is divided into the normal refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal molecules 664 and the average value AVG (n _o , n _bp ) of the refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer, It is possible to prevent the light emitted from the display panel 620 from feeling a refractive index difference at the interface between the liquid crystal layer 660 and the concave lens layer 654 by forming a material having substantially the same refractive index .

For example, the normal refractive index n _o of a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 664 and the average value AVG (n _o , n _bp ) of the refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer and the refractive index of the negative lens layer 654 are About 1.45 to about 1.5.

Therefore, the light in the polarized state or the unpolarized state passes straight through the lens panel 630 as it is without being refracted, and the switchable display device 610 displays the 2D image.

In the 3D mode in which the 3D image is displayed as shown in FIG. 7B, no voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes 642 and 652 (OFF), and as a result, the first and second electrodes 642 and 652, 652 and the liquid crystal molecules 664 of the liquid crystal layer 660 are randomly arranged in the nanocapsules 662. [

Accordingly, the polarized light or the unpolarized light emitted from the display panel 620 has a refractive index corresponding to an average value of the normal refractive index (n _o ) and the extraordinary refractive index (n _e ) And as a result the liquid crystal layer 660 functions as the normal refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal molecules 664, the extra refractive index n _e of the liquid crystal molecules 664 and the average refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer (AVG (n _o , n _e , n _bp )).

At this time, the concave lens layer 654 has a refractive index substantially equal to the normal refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal molecules 664 and the average value AVG (n _o , n _bp ) of the refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer The light emitted from the display panel 620 experiences a refractive index difference at the interface between the liquid crystal layer 660 and the concave lens layer 654.

For example, because a plurality of the liquid crystal molecules 664 is more than the refractive index (n _e) is greater nematic liquid crystal than the normal refractive index (n _o), normal refractive index of the plurality of liquid crystal molecules (364) (n _o), a plurality of liquid crystal the average value of more than the refractive index (n _e) and the refractive index of the binder polymer (n _bp) of the molecule 364 (AVG (n _o, n _e, n _bp)) is a normal refractive index (n _o of the plurality of the liquid crystal molecules 364 And an average value (AVG (n _o , n _bp )) of the refractive index (n _bp ) of the binder polymer and about 1.55 to about 1.6 greater than about 1.5 to about 1.5.

The refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 660 is greater than the refractive index of the concave lens layer 654 so that the lens panel 630 functions as a convex lens in this case and the polarized state of the light emitted from the display panel 620 or the non- Is refracted and passes through the lens panel 630, and the switchable display device 610 displays a 3D image.

Since the switching type display device 610 uses nanocrystals in which a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 664 are filled in the nanocapsules 662, it is easy to manufacture the lens panel 630 in the form of a film, and an alignment film and a flattening film And the liquid crystal molecules 664 are rearranged by the electric field, so that uniform orientation can be secured.

In the sixth embodiment, the liquid crystal layer is formed between the first substrate and the concave lens layer under the second substrate. However, in another embodiment, a liquid crystal layer may be formed between the convex lens layer on the first substrate and the second substrate , Which will be described with reference to the drawings.

8A and 8B are diagrams showing liquid crystal alignment states in the 2D mode and the 3D mode of the switching type display device according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention, It is omitted.

As shown in Figs. 8A and 8B, the switching type display device 710 according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention includes a display panel 720 and a lens panel 730. Fig.

The display panel 720 displays a 2D image or a 3D image using a plurality of pixels including the first through third pixels P1 through P3. The display panel 720 includes a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode A flat panel display device such as a display device or a plasma display device, and may be one of a TN mode, an IPS mode, a VA mode, an ECB mode, and an OCB mode in the case of a liquid crystal display device.

Here, the display panel 320 may emit not only light having a polarization state in a specific direction but also unpolarized light. For example, the display panel 320 may emit light of a top emission type in which a circularly polarizing plate for mirror- Organic light emitting diode display device.

The reason why the switching type display device 710 can selectively display the 2D image and the 3D image even when the display panel 720 emits light in the unpolarized state is that the lens panel 730 is a liquid crystal molecule (Phase difference) of the liquid crystal layer 760 itself but the effective refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 760 itself, which will be described later.

The lens panel 730 is disposed on the display panel 720 to selectively refract or transmit light emitted from the display panel 720. The first and second substrates 740 and 750 And a liquid crystal layer 760 formed between the first and second substrates 740 and 750.

The first and second substrates 740 and 750 may be made of a flexible material in the form of a film.

First and second electrodes 742 and 752 are formed on the inner surfaces of the first and second substrates 740 and 750 and a transparent convex lens layer 744 is formed on the first electrode 742.

The first and second electrodes 742 and 752 may be in the form of a plate formed on the entire surface of the first and second substrates 740 and 750 and may include indium tin oxide or phosphorous- , A carbon nanotube, a graphene, or a silver nanowire.

The convex lens layer 744 has a normal refractive index n _o of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 764, an extra refractive index n _e of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 364 and an average value AVG (n _e ) of a refractive index n _bp of a binder polymer n _o , n _e , n _bp ) and a material having substantially the same refractive index within a range that does not affect the optical path control, for example, a resin such as PET.

The liquid crystal layer 760 is formed on the upper surface of the convex lens layer 744 such that the convex lens layer 744 and the second electrode 752 Lt; / RTI &gt;

In this case, the cross section of each of the plurality of convex portions may be semicircular or semi-elliptic, and as a result, each of the plurality of convex portions may implement a spherical convex lens shape or an aspherical convex lens shape.

The liquid crystal layer 760 includes a nano-liquid crystal in which a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 764 are filled in a nanocapsule 762, which is a polymer capsule having a diameter of several to several hundred nanometers, and a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 764 has a dielectric anisotropy May be a positive type in which the amount (? &Gt; 0).

The plurality of liquid crystal molecules 764 has a birefringence characteristic indicating a normal refractive index n _o and an extra refractive index n _e depending on the traveling direction of light. For example, when the normal refractive index n _o is greater than the ideal refractive index n _e It may be a small nematic liquid crystal (n _o <n _e ).

The nano-liquid crystal molecules 764 are isotropic when no electric field is applied. When the electric field is applied, the liquid crystal molecules 764 are rearranged by the electric field in the nanocapsules 762 to be oriented, It is easy to produce the film in the form of a film.

The switchable display device 710 selectively displays the 2D image and the 3D image according to the arrangement state of the liquid crystal layer 760.

That is, in the 2D mode in which the 2D image is displayed as shown in FIG. 8A, no voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes 742 and 752 (OFF), so that the first and second electrodes 742, The liquid crystal molecules 764 of the liquid crystal layer 760 are randomly arranged in the nanocapsules 762. In this case,

Therefore, the polarized light or the unpolarized light emitted from the display panel 720 has a refractive index corresponding to an average value of the normal refractive index (n _o ) and the extraordinary refractive index (n _e ) And as a result the liquid crystal layer 760 has the normal refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal molecules 764, the extra refractive index n _e of the liquid crystal molecules 764 and the average refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer (AVG (n _o , n _e , n _bp )).

At this time, the convex lens layer 744 is divided into the normal refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal molecules 764, the extraordinary refractive index n _e of the liquid crystal molecules 764, and the average value of the refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer AVG (n _o , n _e , n _bp )) and a material having substantially the same refractive index within a range that does not affect the optical path control, It is possible to prevent the light from feeling a refractive index difference at the interface between the convex lens layer 744 and the liquid crystal layer 760.

For example, the refractive index of the convex lens layer 744, the normal refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal molecules 764, the extra refractive index n _e of the liquid crystal molecules 364, and the refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer (AVG (n _o , n _e , n _bp )) of about 1.55 to about 1.6, respectively.

Therefore, the light in the polarized state or the unpolarized state passes straight through the lens panel 730 as it is without being refracted, and the switchable display device 710 displays the 2D image.

8B, a voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes 742 and 752, and as a result, a voltage is applied between the first and second electrodes 742 and 752 in a 3D mode in which a 3D image is displayed A plurality of liquid crystal molecules 764 of positive type in the liquid crystal layer 360 are generated in the nanocapsules 762 such that the long axis is parallel to the vertical electric field E, 740, and 750 and is rearranged in parallel to the ground.

Therefore, the polarized light or the unpolarized light emitted from the display panel 720 can be viewed as having many liquid crystal molecules 764 having a normal refractive index (n ₀ ), and as a result, feel to have a refractive index corresponding to the average value (AVG (n _o, n _bp)) of the normal refractive index (n _o) and the refractive index of the binder polymer (n _bp) of the molecule (764).

At this time, the convex lens layer 744 has a normal refractive index n _o of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 764, an extra refractive index n _e of a large number of liquid crystal molecules 764, and an average value of refractive index n _bp of the binder polymer The light emitted from the display panel 720 has a refractive index difference at the interface between the convex lens layer 744 and the liquid crystal layer 760 because the refractive indexes of the liquid crystal layer 760 and the liquid crystal layer 760 have substantially the same refractive index as that of the liquid crystal layer 760 (AVG (n _o , n _e , n _bp ) .

For example, a plurality of the liquid crystal molecules 764 is more than the refractive index (n _e) a normal refractive index, so (n _o) greater nematic liquid crystal than the normal refractive index (n _o) of the plurality of the liquid crystal molecules 764, and a binder polymer The average value AVG (n _o , n _bp ) of the refractive index n _bp is determined by the normal refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal molecules 764, the extra refractive index n _e of the liquid crystal molecules 764, May be from about 1.55 to about 1.5, which is an average value of the refractive index (n _bp ) of the polymer (AVG (n _o , n _e , n _bp )).

The refractive index of the convex lens layer 744 is larger than the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 760. In this case, the lens panel 730 functions as a convex lens, and is emitted from the display panel 720 and has a polarized state or a non- The light is refracted and passes through the lens panel 730, and the switchable display device 710 displays the 3D image.

Since the switching type display device 710 uses nanocrystals in which a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 764 are filled in the nanocapsules 762, it is easy to manufacture the lens panel 730 in the form of a film, and the alignment film and the flattening film And the liquid crystal molecules 764 are rearranged by the electric field, so that uniform orientation can be secured.

In the seventh embodiment, the 2D image is displayed when the voltage is not applied and the 3D image is displayed when the voltage is applied. In other embodiments, the normal refractive index (n _o ) and the extraordinary refractive index n _e of the liquid crystal molecule 764, The refractive index of the convex lens layer 744 may be adjusted to display a 2D image when a voltage is applied and a 3D image when a voltage is not applied.

In the first to seventh embodiments, the lens panel can be driven in an inversion manner in order to prevent the accumulation of charges in the liquid crystal layer, which will be described with reference to the drawings.

9A and 9B are waveform diagrams of voltages applied to the switchable display device according to the eighth and ninth embodiments of the present invention, respectively. In the switchable display devices 110 to 710 according to the first to seventh embodiments, And will be described by taking the first embodiment as an example.

9A, when the switching type display device 110 displays a 3D image, a first voltage V1, which is a reference voltage Vref, is applied to the first electrode 142, 144 alternately have a voltage Vref +? V1 that is larger than the reference voltage Vref by the first voltage difference? V1 and a voltage Vref-? V1 that is smaller than the reference voltage Vref by the first voltage difference? The second voltage V2 is applied and an electric field is generated.

That is, a first voltage difference? V1 is generated between the first voltage V1 of the first electrode 142 and the second voltage V2 of the second electrode 144, and the first voltage difference? An electric field is generated and applied to the liquid crystal layer 160, and the liquid crystal molecules 164 are rearranged in the nanocapsules 162 by an electric field.

At this time, since the magnitude of the second voltage V2 periodically changes with respect to the reference voltage Vref, the direction of the generated electric field periodically changes, thereby preventing the accumulation of charges in the liquid crystal layer 160. [

9B, when the switching type display device 110 displays a 3D image, the first electrode 142 is supplied with a voltage Vref-V2 (Vref-V2) which is smaller than the reference voltage Vref by the second voltage difference V2 And a voltage Vref +? V2 that is higher than the reference voltage Vref by a second voltage difference? V2 is alternately applied to the second electrode 144 and the reference voltage Vref is applied to the second electrode 144 The second voltage V2 having the voltage Vref +? V2 that is as large as the second voltage difference? V2 and the voltage Vref-? V2 that is smaller than the reference voltage Vref by the second voltage difference? An electric field is generated.

At this time, the first and second voltages V1 and V2 are alternated with each other with respect to the reference voltage Vref. For example, when the first voltage V1 is higher than the reference voltage Vref, The second voltage V2 becomes a voltage Vref + DELTA V2 that is larger than the reference voltage Vref by the second voltage difference DELTA V2 and the first voltage V1 is higher than the reference voltage Vref by DELTA V2, The first voltage V1 is higher than the reference voltage Vref by a voltage Vref-V2 smaller than the reference voltage Vref by the second voltage difference V2 when the voltage Vref +? V2 is larger than the reference voltage Vref by the second voltage difference? DELTA V2).

That is, a voltage difference 2? V2 of twice the second voltage difference? V2 is generated between the first voltage V1 of the first electrode 142 and the second voltage V2 of the second electrode 144 An electric field is generated and applied to the liquid crystal layer 160 by the voltage difference 2 DELTA V2 twice the second voltage difference DELTA V2 so that the liquid crystal molecules 164 are arranged in the nanocapsules 162 by the electric field do.

At this time, since the magnitude of the first and second voltages V1 and V2 is periodically changed with respect to the reference voltage Vref, the direction of the generated electric field is also periodically changed so that the charge accumulation in the liquid crystal layer 160 .

Since the first electrode 142 and the second electrode 144 have a voltage difference 2? V2 twice the second voltage difference? V2, the second voltage difference? It is possible to generate an electric field of the same intensity even if it is set to 1/2 of the difference DELTA V1 (DELTA V2 = (1/2) DELTA V1).

Therefore, the amplitudes of the first and second voltages V1 and V2 in FIG. 9B can be reduced more than the amplitudes of the first and second voltages V1 and V2 in FIG. 9A, have.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. It can be understood that

110: switching type display device 120: display panel
130: Lens panel 140: First substrate
150: second substrate 160: liquid crystal layer
162: Nano capsule 164: Liquid crystal molecule

Claims (17)

A display panel for displaying an image;
A lens panel disposed above the display panel and refracting or transmitting the light emitted from the display panel as it is,
First and second substrates spaced apart from each other,
First and second electrodes disposed on an inner surface of at least one of the first and second substrates,
A lens layer disposed between the first and second substrates,
A liquid crystal layer disposed between one of the first and second substrates and the lens layer and made of a nano-liquid crystal in which a plurality of liquid crystal molecules are filled in the nano-
A lens panel
And a display unit.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the plurality of liquid crystal molecules is a nematic liquid crystal having a normal refractive index smaller than an extraordinary refractive index,
The nano liquid crystal has an isotropic property when an electric field is not applied, a directionality when an electric field is applied,
Wherein the liquid crystal layer further comprises a binder polymer.
3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the lens layer is a concave lens layer including a plurality of concave portions each having a semicylindrical or half-cylindrical shape on its lower surface and spaced apart in parallel from each other,
And the concave lens layer is disposed on the inner surface of the second substrate.
The method of claim 3,
Wherein the first and second electrodes are arranged on the inner surface of the first substrate and are arranged alternately in parallel with each other with a bar shape.
5. The method of claim 4,
The concave lens layer has a refractive index substantially equal to an average value of the normal refractive index, the extraordinary refractive index, and the refractive index of the binder polymer,
Wherein the plurality of liquid crystal molecules is a positive type having a positive dielectric anisotropy.
The method of claim 3,
Wherein the first and second electrodes are disposed on inner surfaces of the first and second substrates, respectively, and have a plate shape.
The method according to claim 6,
The concave lens layer has a refractive index substantially equal to an average value of the normal refractive index, the extraordinary refractive index, and the refractive index of the binder polymer,
Wherein the plurality of liquid crystal molecules are negative types in which the dielectric anisotropy is negative.
The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the concave lens layer has a refractive index substantially equal to an average value of the normal refractive index and the refractive index of the binder polymer,
Wherein the plurality of liquid crystal molecules is a positive type having a positive dielectric anisotropy.
9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the display panel emits light in a non-polarized state.
3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the lens layer is a convex lens layer having a plurality of convex portions each having a semicylindrical or half-cylindrical shape on an upper surface thereof and spaced apart in parallel from each other,
And the convex lens layer is disposed on the inner surface of the first substrate.
11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the first and second electrodes are disposed on the inner surface of the second substrate and are arranged alternately in parallel with each other with a bar shape.
12. The method of claim 11,
The convex lens layer has a refractive index substantially equal to an average value of the extraordinary refractive index and the refractive index of the binder polymer,
Wherein the plurality of liquid crystal molecules is a positive type having a positive dielectric anisotropy.
12. The method of claim 11,
Wherein the convex lens layer has a refractive index substantially equal to an average value of the normal refractive index, the extraordinary refractive index, and the refractive index of the binder polymer,
Wherein the plurality of liquid crystal molecules is a positive type having a positive dielectric anisotropy.
11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the first and second electrodes are formed on inner surfaces of the first and second substrates, respectively, and have a plate shape.
15. The method of claim 14,
Wherein the convex lens layer has a refractive index substantially equal to an average value of the normal refractive index, the extraordinary refractive index, and the refractive index of the binder polymer,
Wherein the plurality of liquid crystal molecules are negative types in which the dielectric anisotropy is negative.
15. The method of claim 14,
Wherein the convex lens layer has a refractive index substantially equal to an average value of the normal refractive index, the extraordinary refractive index, and the refractive index of the binder polymer,
Wherein the plurality of liquid crystal molecules is a positive type having a positive dielectric anisotropy.
17. The method of claim 16,
Wherein the display panel emits light in a non-polarized state.

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