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KR20140049800A - Lpg reliquefaction apparatus using lng production apparatus - Google Patents

Lpg reliquefaction apparatus using lng production apparatus Download PDF

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KR20140049800A
KR20140049800A KR1020120116053A KR20120116053A KR20140049800A KR 20140049800 A KR20140049800 A KR 20140049800A KR 1020120116053 A KR1020120116053 A KR 1020120116053A KR 20120116053 A KR20120116053 A KR 20120116053A KR 20140049800 A KR20140049800 A KR 20140049800A
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lpg
gas
refrigerant
boil
lng
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KR1020120116053A
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Korean (ko)
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KR101784530B1 (en
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한경호
남기일
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현대중공업 주식회사
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F25J1/0025Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/62Liquefied natural gas [LNG]; Natural gas liquids [NGL]; Liquefied petroleum gas [LPG]
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/90Boil-off gas from storage
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2280/00Control of the process or apparatus
    • F25J2280/02Control in general, load changes, different modes ("runs"), measurements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/60Details about pipelines, i.e. network, for feed or product distribution

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a LPG reliquefaction apparatus using a liquefied natural gas production apparatus which reliquefies LPG evaporation gas by heat exchanging the LPG evaporation gas with a diffused coolant of the liquefied natural gas production apparatus in a system where an LPG storage apparatus and the liquefied natural gas production apparatus coexists. The present invention comprises: an evaporation gas discharging pipe (12) connected to an LPG storage tank (10) for discharging the LPG evaporation gas; and an LPG reliquefaction heat exchanger (20) heat exchanging the LPG evaporation gas discharged through the evaporation gas discharging pipe (12) using the coolant diffused from the liquefied natural gas production apparatus (100) by being connected to the evaporation gas discharging pipe (12), and circulating and inflowing the LPG evaporation gas back into the LPG storage tank (10) after liquefying.

Description

액화 천연가스 생산장치를 이용한 LPG 재액화장치{LPG Reliquefaction Apparatus Using LNG Production Apparatus}LPG Reliquefaction Apparatus Using LNG Production Apparatus}

본 발명은 액화 천연가스 생산장치를 이용한 LPG 재액화장치에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 액화 천연가스 생산장치와 LPG 저장장치가 공존하는 시스템에서 액화 천연가스 생산장치에서의 냉매를 분기시켜서 기화된 LPG 증발가스와 열교환시켜서 LPG 증발가스를 재액화할 수 있도록 한 것이다.
The present invention relates to an LPG reliquefaction apparatus using a liquefied natural gas production apparatus, and more particularly, LPG vaporized by branching a refrigerant in a liquefied natural gas production apparatus in a system in which a liquefied natural gas production system and an LPG storage device coexist. Heat exchange with the boil-off gas to re-liquefy the LPG boil-off gas.

일반적으로, 천연가스는 생산지에서 극저온으로 액화된 액화천연가스(Liquefied Natural Gas, 이하 "LNG"라 함)의 상태로 만든 다음에 LNG 운반선에 의해 목적지까지 수송하게 된다. Generally, natural gas is made into a state of liquefied liquefied natural gas (Liquefied Natural Gas, hereinafter referred to as "LNG") at the production site and then transported to the destination by LNG carriers.

천연가스의 액화온도는 대략 -163℃의 극저온 상태이므로, LNG 저장탱크를 단열하여도 외부의 열이 LNG에 전달된다. 그에 따라, LNG 운반선으로 LNG를 수송하는 도중에 LNG는 저장탱크 내에서 지속적으로 기화하여 자연 증발가스(Boil Off Gas, "BOG"라고도 함)가 발생된다. Since the liquefaction temperature of natural gas is about -163 ° C., the external heat is transferred to the LNG even if the LNG storage tank is insulated. Accordingly, LNG is continuously vaporized in the storage tank while LNG is transported to the LNG carrier to generate natural boil off gas (also referred to as "BOG").

한편, 증발가스의 발생으로 인하여 저장탱크의 압력이 설정된 안전압력 이상이 되면, 증발가스는 안전밸브를 통하여 저장탱크의 외부로 배출되며, 이와 같이 배출된 증발가스는 선박의 연료로 사용하거나 재액화하여 다시 저장탱크로 돌려보내야 한다.On the other hand, when the pressure of the storage tank becomes higher than the set safety pressure due to the generation of the boil-off gas, the boil-off gas is discharged to the outside of the storage tank through the safety valve, and the discharged boil-off gas is used as fuel of the ship or reliquefaction. Return it to the storage tank.

통상 증발가스의 재액화 장치는 냉동 사이클을 가지며, 이 냉동 사이클에 의해 증발가스를 냉각시킴으로써 재액화한다. 냉동 사이클은, 발생된 증발가스를 배출시켜 복수의 압축기에서 압축하는 단계, 압축된 증발가스를 극저온 질소가스로 액화하는 단계, 재액화된 LNG를 가스와 액체로 재분리하여 액체만을 저장탱크로 되돌리는 분리 단계로 수행되며, 극저온 질소가스를 생성하기 위하여 질소 냉각 사이클 시스템이 추가된다.Usually, the reliquefaction apparatus of boil-off gas has a refrigerating cycle, and it reliquefies by cooling the boil-off gas by this refrigerating cycle. In the refrigeration cycle, the generated evaporated gas is discharged and compressed in a plurality of compressors, the compressed evaporated gas is liquefied into cryogenic nitrogen gas, and the reliquefied LNG is separated into a gas and a liquid so that only the liquid is returned to the storage tank. The turning is carried out in a separation step, where a nitrogen cooling cycle system is added to produce cryogenic nitrogen gas.

한편, 액화석유가스(LPG:Liquefied Petroleum Gas) 운반선에서도 저장탱크내에서 발생하는 자연 증발가스를 재액화하게 된다.On the other hand, LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) carrier also reliquefies the natural boil-off gas generated in the storage tank.

LPG의 재액화 시스템은, 저장탱크로부터 발생된 BOG를 배출시켜 고압으로 압축하는 단계, 고압으로 압축된 증발가스를 해수를 이용하여 액화하는 단계와, 그리고 고압의 액화된 LPG를 저압으로 바꾸어 저장탱크로 되돌리는 팽창단계로 수행된다.LPG reliquefaction system is to discharge BOG generated from the storage tank and compress it to high pressure, to liquefy the high pressure compressed evaporated gas using sea water, and to convert the high pressure liquefied LPG to low pressure storage tank Back to the expansion step is carried out.

또한, 최근에는 LNG와 LPG를 동시에 선적할 수 있는 복합선박 또는 부유식 생산저장장치의 개발이 진행되고 있다. 그러나, LNG와 LPG를 동시에 선적할 경우 이들 각각의 LNG와 LPG에서 발생하는 증발가스의 처리 방법과 시설이 병행 설치되어야 하므로 장치가 커지고 비용이 증대되는 문제점이 있어 보다 효율적인 증발가스 처리 장치와 방법이 요구되고 있다.In addition, recently, development of a combined vessel or floating production storage device capable of simultaneously loading LNG and LPG has been progressed. However, when LNG and LPG are shipped at the same time, the method and facility for treating boil-off gas generated from each of these LNG and LPG must be installed in parallel. It is required.

LNG와 LPG를 동시에 선적할 수 있는 복합선박 또는 부유식 생산저장장치에서 효과적으로 LPG를 재액화시키기 위한 장치로서, 등록특허 제 10-1078645호(이하 "특허문헌 1"이라 함)에 개시된 바와 같은 LNG/LPG 증발가스 재액화장치가 있다.As a device for effectively liquefying LPG in a combined vessel or floating production storage device capable of simultaneously shipping LNG and LPG, LNG as disclosed in Patent No. 10-1078645 (hereinafter referred to as "Patent Document 1") / LPG boil-off liquefaction system.

특허문헌 1의 내용을 간략히 설명하면, 독립된 2개의 LNG 저장탱크와 LPG 저장탱크를 구비하고, 상기 LNG저장탱크에 연결되어 상기 LNG저장탱크에서 발생된 LNG의 증발가스가 배출되는 LNG증발가스순환라인 상에 설치되는 LNG증발가스압축기와 LNG액화기 및 LNG분리기를 구비하는 LNG재액화유닛; 및 LPG저장탱크에 연결되어 상기 LPG저장탱크에서 발생된 LPG의 증발가스가 배출되는 LPG증발가스 순환라인 상에 설치되는 LPG증발가스압축기와 LPG액화기 및 LPG분리기를 구비하는 LPG재액화유닛으로 이루어진 구조를 가진다.Briefly describing the contents of Patent Literature 1, an LNG evaporation gas circulation line having two independent LNG storage tanks and an LPG storage tank, connected to the LNG storage tank, and in which the boil-off gas of LNG generated from the LNG storage tank is discharged An LNG reliquefaction unit having an LNG evaporation gas compressor, an LNG liquefier, and an LNG separator installed on the LNG carrier; And an LPG evaporation unit having an LPG evaporation gas compressor, an LPG liquefier, and an LPG separator installed on an LPG evaporation gas circulation line connected to the LPG storage tank to discharge the LPG evaporated gas generated from the LPG storage tank. Has a structure.

상기 LPG액화기는 상기 LNG저장탱크와 상기 LNG증발가스압축기를 연결하는 상기 LNG증발가스순환라인 상에 설치되며, 상기 LNG증발가스순환라인을 통과하는 상기 LNG의 증발가스를 냉매로 사용하여 상기 LPG의 증발가스를 액화시키도록 한다, The LPG liquefier is installed on the LNG evaporation gas circulation line connecting the LNG storage tank and the LNG evaporation gas compressor, using the evaporated gas of the LNG passing through the LNG evaporation gas circulation line as a refrigerant of the LPG To liquefy the boil-off gas,

그러나, 특허문헌 1에 개시된 LNG/LPG 증발가스 재액화장치는 LNG 저장탱크로부터 기화된 증발가스와 LPG 저장탱크로부터 기화된 증발가스가 열교환하도록 구성되어 있기 때문에, 열교환 효율이 높지 않고, 그에 따라 열교환기의 크기를 소정의 크기로 유지해야 하는 문제점이 있다. However, since the LNG / LPG boil-off gas reliquefaction apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 is configured to heat-exchange the boil-off gas vaporized from the LNG storage tank and the boil-off gas vaporized from the LPG storage tank, the heat exchange efficiency is not high. There is a problem that the size of the group must be maintained at a predetermined size.

더욱이, 특허문헌 1에 개시된 재액화장치는, 단위 질량당 LPG 증발가스를 액화하기 위해 LNG 증발가스의 양은 LPG 증발가스의 1.8배이고, 부피로는 5배가 된다.Further, in the reliquefaction apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1, in order to liquefy LPG boil-off gas per unit mass, the amount of LNG boil-off gas is 1.8 times that of LPG boil-off gas, and the volume is five times.

즉, 하나의 LPG 탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스를 재액화하기 위해서는 그 보다 약 5배가 큰 LNG탱크가 필요하는 의미이다. That is, in order to reliquefy the boil-off gas generated in one LPG tank, it means that an LNG tank about five times larger than that is required.

또한, LNG 탱크, LPG 탱크의 운전 시나리오에 따라 각각의 탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스의 양이 달라지게 되는데, LNG 탱크가 오프로딩(offloading)후 비어 있을 때에는 충분한 증발가스가 생성되지 않아 LPG재액화를 할 수 없는 상황이 발생한다. LNG 저장용량이 LPG 저장용량 보다 5배 이상 커야 한다는 것은 사실상 LPG/LNG 재액화장치에 적용하기에는 극히 제한적일 수 밖에 없는 것이다. In addition, the amount of boil-off gas generated in each tank varies according to the operation scenarios of the LNG tank and the LPG tank. When the LNG tank is empty after offloading, sufficient boil-off gas is not generated and LPG reliquefaction is performed. A situation arises that cannot be done. The fact that LNG storage capacity should be five times larger than LPG storage capacity is in fact very limited for LPG / LNG reliquefaction.

또한, 특허문헌 1에 개시된 재액화장치는 LNG 증발가스와의 열교환을 하기 때문에, LNG 증발가스의 온도가 상승하여 그 만큼 LNG를 재액화하기 위해서는 압축된 LNG 증발가스를 응축하는데 많은 냉각열원이 필요하게 된다. In addition, since the reliquefaction apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 exchanges heat with LNG boil-off gas, the temperature of the LNG boil-off gas rises, and much cooling heat source is required to condense the compressed LNG boil-off gas to re-liquefy LNG. Done.

더욱이, 특허문헌 1은 응축을 별도의 LNG 재액화 냉동사이클을 이용하고 있으므로, LPG 증발가스로부터 얻은 열 만큼 LNG 재액화 냉동 사이클에서 일을 통해 빼앗아야 하는 열이 증가하게 되어 전체 시스템상으로 효율이 상승했다고 보기 어려운 것이다.
Furthermore, since Patent Document 1 uses a separate LNG reliquefaction refrigeration cycle, the heat that has to be taken through work in the LNG reliquefaction refrigeration cycle is increased by the heat obtained from the LPG boil-off gas, so that the efficiency of the entire system is increased. It is hard to see that it has risen.

등록특허 제 10-1078645호(공고일 : 2011.11.01/공개일 2010.9.27)Registered Patent No. 10-1078645 (Notice date: 2011.11.01 / Public date 2010.9.27)

이에 본 발명은 상기와 같은 종래의 제반 문제점을 해결하기 위해 이루어진 것으로서, 본 발명에서 해결하고자 하는 과제는 LNG 생산장치로부터 냉매의 일부를 분기시켜서 LPG 저장탱크로부터 발생하는 증발가스와 열교환하여 액화상태로 다시 LPG 저장탱크로 유입되도록 한 것으로서, 열교환 효율이 향상되고, 동일 조건에서 작은 크기의 열교환기를 사용할 수 있도록 한 것이다.
Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the conventional problems as described above, the problem to be solved in the present invention is to divert a portion of the refrigerant from the LNG production apparatus by heat exchange with the boil-off gas generated from the LPG storage tank into a liquefied state It is to be introduced into the LPG storage tank, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, it is possible to use a small size heat exchanger under the same conditions.

상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 해결 수단은, LPG 저장탱크와 연결되어 LPG 증발가스가 배출되는 증발가스 배출관과; 상기 증발가스 배출관과 연결되어 증발가스 배출관을 통해 배출되는 LPG 증발가스가 LNG 생산장치로부터 분기되는 냉매를 통해 열교환되어 액화된 상태로 다시 LPG 저장탱크로 순환,유입되도록 하는 LPG 재액화 열교환기를 포함한 것이고, Solution to the present invention for achieving the above object is, connected to the LPG storage tank and the boil-off gas discharge pipe LPG boiled gas is discharged; LPG re-liquefaction heat exchanger is connected to the boil-off gas discharge pipe and the LPG boil-off gas discharged through the boil-off gas discharge pipe is heat-exchanged through the refrigerant branched from the LNG production apparatus to circulate and flow back into the LPG storage tank in a liquefied state. ,

상기 LNG 생산장치는, 냉매를 압축하는 압축기와, 상기 압축기로부터 토출되는 고온,고압의 냉매를 응축하는 응축기와, 상기 응축기를 거친 냉매가 감압되도록 하는 팽창밸브와, 상기 팽창밸브를 거친 냉매가 통과하여 다시 압축기로 유입,순환되는 냉매 사이클을 포함하며, The LNG production apparatus includes a compressor for compressing a refrigerant, a condenser for condensing the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor, an expansion valve for reducing the refrigerant passing through the condenser, and a refrigerant passing through the expansion valve. Refrigerant cycle is introduced to the compressor, and circulated again,

상기 팽창밸브를 거친 냉매가 흐르는 배관상에는 상기 LPG 재액화 열교환기을 통과하도록 분기되어 형성되는 냉매 유입배관과, 상기 냉매 유입배관을 통해 냉매가 상기 LPG 재액화 열교환기를 거친 다음, 다시 압축기로 재유입되는 유입배관과 연결되어 압축기로 유입되도록 하는 연결배관이 형성된 것이다. A refrigerant inlet pipe branched to pass through the LPG reliquefaction heat exchanger is formed on the pipe through which the refrigerant passing through the expansion valve flows, and the refrigerant passes through the LPG reliquefaction heat exchanger through the refrigerant inlet pipe, and then flows back into the compressor. The connection pipe is formed to be connected to the inlet pipe to be introduced into the compressor.

상기 증발가스 배출관상에는 LPG 증발가스 제어밸브가 구비되는 구조를 가진다. LPG boil-off control valve is provided on the boil-off gas discharge pipe.

또한, 상기 냉매 유입배관상에는 냉매 제어밸브가 구비되는 것이다.
In addition, a refrigerant control valve is provided on the refrigerant inlet pipe.

이와 같이, 본 발명은 LNG 생산장치의 냉매 사이클에서 순환하는 냉매의 일부를 분기시켜서 LPG 재액화 열교환기를 거치도록 하여 LPG 저장탱크로부터 발생되는 증발가스와 열교환에 따른 냉각이 이루어지도록 함으로써, 다시 증발가스가 액화되어 LPG 저장탱크안으로 재유입되도록 한 것으로서, 종래와 같이 LNG 증발가스와 열교환하는 방식에 비해 열교환 효율이 향상될 수 있는 효과가 있다.As described above, the present invention diverts a portion of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant cycle of the LNG production apparatus, passes through the LPG reliquefaction heat exchanger, so that the cooling of the evaporation gas generated from the LPG storage tank and the heat exchange is performed. Is liquefied to be re-introduced into the LPG storage tank, there is an effect that the heat exchange efficiency can be improved compared to the method of heat exchange with LNG boil-off gas as in the prior art.

따라서, 종래에 비해 같은 양의 LPG 증발가스를 재액화하는데 작은 용량의 열교환기를 사용할 수 있고, 같은 크기의 열교환기를 사용하더라도 적은 냉각 열원으로 운전할 수 있는 효과가 있다.
Therefore, a heat exchanger having a smaller capacity can be used to reliquefy the same amount of LPG boil-off gas as compared with the prior art, and even when a heat exchanger having the same size is used, there is an effect of operating with a small cooling heat source.

도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 따른 LPG 재액화장치를 도시한 구성도이다. 1 is a block diagram showing an LPG reliquefaction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

이하, 본 발명을 실시하기 위한 구체적인 내용을 첨부된 예시도면에 의거 상세하게 설명한다.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 따른 LPG 재액화장치를 도시한 구성도이다. 도면에 도시된 바와 같이, LPG 재액화장치(1)는, LPG 저장탱크(10)와 연결되어 LPG 증발가스가 배출되는 증발가스 배출관(12)과, 이 증발가스 배출관(12)과 연결되어 증발가스 배출관(12)을 통해 배출되는 LPG 증발가스가 LNG 생산장치(100)로부터 분기되는 냉매를 통해 열교환되어 액화된 상태로 다시 LPG 저장탱크(10)로 순환,유입되도록 하는 LPG 재액화 열교환기(20)를 포함한 구조이다. 1 is a block diagram showing an LPG reliquefaction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the LPG reliquefaction apparatus 1 is connected to the LPG storage tank 10, the evaporation gas discharge pipe 12 for discharging the LPG boil off gas, and the evaporation gas discharge pipe 12 connected to the evaporation LPG reliquefaction heat exchanger for circulating and inflowing the LPG boil-off gas discharged through the gas discharge pipe 12 through the refrigerant branched from the LNG production apparatus 100 and liquefied back to the LPG storage tank 10 ( 20) including the structure.

상기 증발가스 배출관(12)상에는 LPG 증발가스 제어밸브(14)가 구비되어 있는 구조를 가진다. LPG boil-off gas control valve 14 is provided on the boil-off gas discharge pipe (12).

한편, 상기 LNG 생산장치(100)는 하나의 냉각 사이클이 마련되는데, 냉매를 압축하는 압축기(110)와, 이 압축기(110)로부터 토출되는 고온,고압의 냉매를 응축하는 응축기(120)와, 이 응축기(120)를 거친 냉매가 감압되도록 하는 팽창밸브(130)와, 이 팽창밸브(130)를 거친 냉매가 통과하여 다시 압축기(110)로 유입,순환되면서 NG 공급원(101)으로부터 NG가 통과되어 LNG가 되도록 열교환되는 LNG 액화 열교환기(140)를 포함한 구성을 가진다. On the other hand, the LNG production apparatus 100 is provided with one cooling cycle, a compressor 110 for compressing the refrigerant, a condenser 120 for condensing the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 110, An expansion valve 130 through which the refrigerant passing through the condenser 120 is depressurized, and the refrigerant passing through the expansion valve 130 pass through the compressor 110 again and flow into the compressor 110, and NG passes from the NG source 101. And the LNG liquefied heat exchanger 140 is heat-exchanged so as to be LNG.

상기 압축기(110)는 용량 가변형 압축기로서, 압축기의 회전수를 조절하여 시간당 압축기를 통과하는 냉매 유량을 조절하도록 하는 것이다. The compressor 110 is a variable-capacity compressor to adjust the rotational speed of the compressor to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant passing through the compressor per hour.

따라서, 액화 과정중 NG 공급원(101)으로부터 유량 변동이 발생하면, LNG 생산장치(100)의 전,후단의 온도, 압력, 유량을 측정하고, 이 측정값을 피드백하여 냉매의 유량을 조절하는 것이다.
Therefore, when the flow rate fluctuates from the NG supply source 101 during the liquefaction process, the temperature, pressure and flow rate of the front and rear ends of the LNG production apparatus 100 are measured, and the measured values are fed back to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant. .

여기서, 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 있어서, 상기 팽창밸브(130)를 거친 냉매가 LNG 액화 열교환기(140)를 통과하도록 하는 배관(131)상에는 상기 LPG 재액화 열교환기(20)을 통과하는 냉매 유입배관(22)과, 상기 냉매 유입배관(22)을 통해 LNG 액화 열교환기(140)를 거친 냉매가 다시 압축기(110)로 재유입되는 유입배관(141)과 연결되어 압축기(110)로 유입되도록 하는 연결배관(24)이 형성된 구조를 가진다. Here, in an embodiment of the present invention, the refrigerant passing through the LPG reliquefaction heat exchanger 20 on the pipe 131 to allow the refrigerant passing through the expansion valve 130 to pass through the LNG liquefaction heat exchanger (140). The refrigerant passing through the LNG liquefaction heat exchanger 140 through the inflow pipe 22 and the refrigerant inflow pipe 22 is connected to the inflow pipe 141 which is re-introduced into the compressor 110 to be introduced into the compressor 110. It has a structure in which the connection pipe 24 is formed to be.

상기 냉매 유입배관(22)상에는 냉매 제어밸브(23)가 구비된 구조를 가진다. The refrigerant inlet pipe 22 has a structure in which a refrigerant control valve 23 is provided.

도면중 미설명부호 11은 LPG 저장탱크(10)안에 구비되는 펌프이고, 13은 펌프(11)로부터 LPG 저장탱크(10)안의 LPG를 배출하여 각 사용처로 보내지도록 하는 배출배관이다.
In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a pump provided in the LPG storage tank 10, and 13 denotes a discharge pipe for discharging the LPG in the LPG storage tank 10 from the pump 11 to be sent to each user.

이러한 구성을 가지는 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 따른 LPG 재액화장치(1)에 있어서, LPG가 저장된 LPG 저장탱크(10)로부터 발생하는 LPG 증발가스(BOG)는 증발가스 배출관(12)을 통해 배출되어서 LPG 재액화 열교환기(20)를 거쳐서 다시 LPG 저장탱크(10)안으로 유입되는데, 이때 상기 LPG 재액화 열교환기(20)에서 LNG 생산장치(100)로부터 분기되는 냉매와 열교환하여 냉각되어 액화된 상태로 다시 LPG 저장탱크(10)안으로 유입되는 것이다. In the LPG reliquefaction apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention having such a configuration, LPG boiled gas (BOG) generated from the LPG storage tank 10 in which LPG is stored is discharged through the boil-off gas discharge pipe 12. After the LPG reliquefaction heat exchanger (20) is introduced into the LPG storage tank 10, at this time, the LPG reliquefaction heat exchanger (20) is cooled by the heat exchange with the refrigerant branched from the LNG production apparatus (100) The state is introduced into the LPG storage tank 10 again.

다시 말해서, LNG 생산장치(100)에 있어서 구비되는 냉각사이클에서 냉매는, 압축기(110)를 통해 압축되어 응축기(120), 팽창밸브(130) 및 LNG 액화 열교환기(140)를 거쳐서 다시 압축기(110)로 재유입되는 순환 사이클을 이루고, NG공급원(101)으로부터 NG가 이송되어 LNG 액화 열교환기(140)를 거쳐서 액화된 후, LNG 저장탱크로 보내지는데, 여기서, 팽창밸브(130)를 거친 냉매가 배관(131)을 통해 흐르는 동안, 상기 배관(131)으로부터 분기된 냉매유입배관(22)을 통해 바이패스되어 액상상태로 LPG 재액화 열교환기(20)를 거쳐서 연결배관(24)을 통해 다시 유입배관(141)으로 이동하여 압축기(110)로 유입된다. In other words, in the cooling cycle provided in the LNG production apparatus 100, the refrigerant is compressed through the compressor 110, and then again passes through the condenser 120, the expansion valve 130, and the LNG liquefaction heat exchanger 140. A circulating cycle is reintroduced to 110, and NG is transferred from the NG supply 101 to be liquefied through the LNG liquefaction heat exchanger 140, and then sent to the LNG storage tank, where the expansion valve 130 While the coolant flows through the pipe 131, it is bypassed through the coolant inlet pipe 22 branched from the pipe 131, through the LPG reliquefaction heat exchanger 20 in a liquid state, and through the connecting pipe 24. The flow moves back to the inlet pipe 141 and flows into the compressor 110.

따라서, LPG 재액화 열교환기(20)를 거치는 저온의 액상 냉매와 LPG 저장탱크(10)로부터 발생되어 증발가스 배출관(12)을 통해 배출되는 LPG 증발가스가 열교환하게 되면서 LPG 증발가스는 액화된 상태(LPG)로 다시 LPG 저장탱크(10)안으로 유입된다. Therefore, the low temperature liquid refrigerant passing through the LPG reliquefaction heat exchanger 20 and the LPG boil-off gas generated from the LPG storage tank 10 and discharged through the boil-off gas discharge pipe 12 are heat-exchanged while the LPG boil-off gas is liquefied. LPG flows back into the LPG storage tank (10).

물론, 압축기(110)로 다시 유입되는 냉매는 기액분리되어 기체 상태의 냉매만이 압축기(110)로 다시 유입되는 것으로서, 이러한 작용을 위한 구성요소 및 그에 따른 설명은 일반적으로 공지된 기술이므로, 상세한 설명은 생략한다. Of course, the refrigerant flowing back into the compressor 110 is gas-liquid separated and only the refrigerant in the gaseous state is introduced into the compressor 110 again. The components for this action and the description thereof are generally known techniques, and thus, detailed Description is omitted.

또한, 증발가스 배출관(12)상에 구비된 LPG 증발가스 제어밸브(14)는 LPG 저장탱크(10)에서 형성된 압력과 LPG 재액화 열교환기(20)에서 형성된 진공압의 압력차를 제어해서 LPG 증발가스의 유량을 조절한다. 따라서, LPG 증발가스 제어밸브(14)를 통해 LPG 저장탱크(10)의 압력을 일정하게 유지할 수 있다. In addition, LPG boil-off gas control valve 14 provided on the boil-off gas discharge pipe 12 controls the pressure difference between the pressure formed in the LPG storage tank 10 and the vacuum pressure formed in the LPG reliquefaction heat exchanger 20 LPG Adjust the flow rate of the boil off gas. Therefore, the pressure of the LPG storage tank 10 can be kept constant through the LPG boil-off gas control valve 14.

또한, 냉매 유입배관(22)상에 구비된 냉매 제어밸브(23)는 팽창밸브(130)를 통과한 냉매중 LPG 재액화 열교환기(20)로 보내지는 유량을 개도 조절을 통해 제어한다. 냉매 제어밸브(23)를 조절함으로써, 팽창밸브(130)를 통과한 유량중 LNG 액화 열교환기(140)와 LPG 재액화 열교환기(20)로 보내지는 유량비가 조절된다. In addition, the refrigerant control valve 23 provided on the refrigerant inlet pipe 22 controls the flow rate of the refrigerant passing through the expansion valve 130 to the LPG reliquefaction heat exchanger 20 through the opening degree adjustment. By adjusting the refrigerant control valve 23, the flow rate ratio sent to the LNG liquefaction heat exchanger 140 and LPG reliquefaction heat exchanger 20 of the flow rate through the expansion valve 130 is adjusted.

이러한 정상운전 상태하에서 유량비를 조절하는 것외에, LPG 증발가스가 많이 발생하는 조건인 경우, 많은 냉매를 보내주기 위한 유량제어를 하게 된다. In addition to adjusting the flow rate ratio under such a normal operating state, in the case of a condition in which a lot of LPG evaporated gas is generated, flow rate control for sending a large amount of refrigerant is performed.

한편, LPG 저장탱크(10)안에 구비된 펌프(11)를 통해 LPG를 배출하여 사용처로 보내지게 된다. On the other hand, LPG is discharged through the pump 11 provided in the LPG storage tank 10 to be sent to the destination.

본 발명의 실시 예에 있어서, LNG 생산장치(100)로부터 냉매의 일부를 사용하는 것은, 종래의 LNG 증발가스를 이용하는 것보다 훨씬 열교환 효율이 높아질 수 있다.In an embodiment of the present invention, using a portion of the refrigerant from the LNG production apparatus 100, the heat exchange efficiency can be much higher than using a conventional LNG boil-off gas.

다시 말해서, 종래와 같이, LNG 증발가스는 전부 기상으로 거의가 액상인 본 발명의 실시 예에 따라 이용되는 냉매보다 단위 질량당 열용량이 작다. 즉, 같은 양의 LPG 증발가스를 재액화하는데 필요한 냉각 열원을 얻기위해서 LNG 증발가스를 열원으로 했을 때, 냉매를 열원으로 하는 것에 비해 많은 질량 유량이 필요하다.In other words, as in the conventional art, the LNG evaporation gas has a smaller heat capacity per unit mass than the refrigerant used according to the embodiment of the present invention, which is almost liquid in the gas phase. In other words, when LNG evaporated gas is used as a heat source to obtain a cooling heat source required to reliquefy the same amount of LPG evaporated gas, much mass flow rate is required compared to using a refrigerant as a heat source.

더욱이, LNG 증발가스의 경우, 밀도 또한 냉매보다 낮으므로(LNG 증발가스의 경우, 대기압으로 배출되어 LPG 증발가스와 열교환이 이루어지지만, 냉매의 경우, 압력이 높아 밀도가 크다), 같은 양의 LPG 증발가스를 재액화하는데 보다 많은 부피유량이 필요하게 된다(LPG 증발가스 대 필요 LNG 증발가스 부피비는 약 5배, LPG 증발가스 대 필요 냉매의 부피비는 약 2배로서, 이것은 각 LNG 생산장치에 따라 다름). Furthermore, in the case of LNG boil-off gas, the density is also lower than that of the refrigerant (in the case of LNG boil-off gas, it is discharged to atmospheric pressure to exchange heat with the LPG boil-off gas, but in the case of refrigerant, the pressure is high and the density is high), so that the same amount of LPG More volume flow is needed to reliquefy the boil-off gas (the volume ratio of LPG boil-off gas to required LNG boil-off gas is about 5 times, and the volume ratio of LPG boil-off gas to required refrigerant is about 2 times, which depends on each LNG production unit). Different).

따라서, 종래에 비해 같은 양의 LPG 증발가스를 재액화하는데 작은 크기의 열교환기로 운전,가능하며, 같은 크기의 열교환기일 경우, 적은 냉각 열원으로 운전할 수 있는 것이다.
Therefore, compared to the prior art, it is possible to operate with a heat exchanger of a smaller size to reliquefy the same amount of LPG boil-off gas, and in the case of a heat exchanger of the same size, it can be operated with a smaller cooling heat source.

이와 같이, 본 발명은 기술적 사상을 예시적으로 설명한 것에 불과한 것으로서, 본 발명이 속하는 기술 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면, 본 발명의 본질적인 특성에서 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서 다양한 수정, 변경 및 치환이 가능할 것이다. 따라서, 본 발명에 개시된 실시 예 및 첨부된 도면은 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 한정하기 위한 것이 아니라 설명하기 위한 것이고, 이러한 실시 예 및 첨부된 도면에 의거 본 발명의 기술 사상의 범위가 한정되는 것은 아니다. 본 발명의 보호범위는 아래의 청구범위에 의하여 해석되어야 하며, 그와 동등한 범위 내에 있는 모든 기술 사상은 본 발명의 권리범위에 포함되는 것으로 해석되어야 할 것이다.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. It will be possible. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention and the accompanying drawings are intended to illustrate and not limit the technical spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments and the accompanying drawings . The scope of protection of the present invention should be construed according to the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope of equivalents should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention.

1 : LPG 재액화장치
10 : LPG 저장탱크
11 : 펌프
12 : 증발가스 배출관
13 : 배출배관
14 : LPG 증발가스 제어밸브
20 : LPG 재액화 열교환기
22 : 냉매유입배관
23 : 냉매 제어밸브
24 : 연결배관
100 : LNG 생산장치
101 : NG 공급원
110 : 압축기
120 : 응축기
130 : 팽창밸브
131 : 배관
140 : LNG 액화 열교환기
141 : 유입배관
1: LPG Reliquefaction Equipment
10: LPG Storage Tank
11: pump
12: boil-off gas discharge pipe
13 exhaust pipe
14: LPG boil off gas control valve
20: LPG Reliquefaction Heat Exchanger
22: refrigerant inlet pipe
23: refrigerant control valve
24: connection piping
100: LNG production device
101: NG source
110: compressor
120: condenser
130: expansion valve
131: piping
140: LNG liquefied heat exchanger
141: inlet pipe

Claims (3)

LPG 저장탱크(10)와 연결되어 LPG 증발가스가 배출되는 증발가스 배출관(12)과;
상기 증발가스 배출관(12)과 연결되어 증발가스 배출관(12)을 통해 배출되는 LPG 증발가스가 LNG 생산장치(100)로부터 분기되는 냉매를 통해 열교환되어 액화된 상태로 다시 LPG 저장탱크(10)로 순환,유입되도록 하는 LPG 재액화 열교환기(20)를 포함한 것이고,
상기 LNG 생산장치(100)는,
냉매를 압축하는 압축기(110)와, 상기 압축기(110)로부터 토출되는 고온,고압의 냉매를 응축하는 응축기(120)와, 상기 응축기(120)를 거친 냉매가 감압되도록 하는 팽창밸브(130)와, 상기 팽창밸브(130)를 거친 냉매가 통과하여 다시 압축기(110)로 유입,순환되는 냉매 사이클을 포함하며,
상기 팽창밸브(130)를 거친 냉매가 흐르는 배관(131)상에는 상기 LPG 재액화 열교환기(20)을 통과하도록 분기되어 형성되는 냉매 유입배관(22)과, 상기 냉매 유입배관(21)을 통해 냉매가 상기 LPG 재액화 열교환기(20)를 거친 다음, 다시 압축기(110)로 재유입되는 유입배관(141)과 연결되어 압축기(110)로 유입되도록 하는 연결배관(24)이 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 액화 천연가스 생산장치를 이용한 LPG 재액화장치.
An evaporation gas discharge pipe 12 connected to the LPG storage tank 10 to discharge the LPG evaporation gas;
LPG boil-off gas connected to the boil-off gas discharge pipe 12 and discharged through the boil-off gas discharge pipe 12 is heat-exchanged through the refrigerant branched from the LNG production apparatus 100 to the LPG storage tank 10 in a liquefied state. LPG reliquefaction heat exchanger 20 to be circulated and introduced,
The LNG production device 100,
A compressor 110 for compressing the refrigerant, a condenser 120 for condensing the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 110, an expansion valve 130 for reducing the refrigerant passing through the condenser 120, and , A refrigerant cycle through which the refrigerant passing through the expansion valve 130 passes and flows back into the compressor 110 and is circulated.
The refrigerant inlet pipe 22 branched to pass through the LPG reliquefaction heat exchanger 20, and the refrigerant through the refrigerant inlet pipe 21 on the pipe 131 through which the refrigerant flowing through the expansion valve 130 flows. After the LPG reliquefaction heat exchanger 20 is connected to the inlet pipe 141 is re-introduced back to the compressor 110 is connected to the inlet pipe 24 to be introduced to the compressor 110, characterized in that formed LPG reliquefaction apparatus using liquefied natural gas production equipment.
청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 증발가스 배출관(12)상에는 LPG 증발가스 제어밸브(14)가 구비되는 것을 특징으로 하는 액화 천연가스 생산장치를 이용한 LPG 재액화장치.
The method according to claim 1,
LPG reliquefaction apparatus using a liquefied natural gas production apparatus, characterized in that the LPG boil-off gas control valve 14 is provided on the boil-off gas discharge pipe (12).
청구항 2에 있어서,
상기 냉매 유입배관(22)상에는 냉매 제어밸브(23)가 구비되는 것을 특징으로 하는 액화 천연가스 생산장치를 이용한 LPG 재액화장치.
The method according to claim 2,
LPG reliquefaction apparatus using a liquefied natural gas production apparatus, characterized in that the refrigerant control valve 23 is provided on the refrigerant inlet pipe (22).
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RU2728305C1 (en) * 2017-02-14 2020-07-29 Л'Эр Ликид, Сосьете Аноним Пур Л'Этюд Э Л'Эксплуатасьон Де Проседе Жорж Клод Liquefied natural gas production system equipped with recondensator
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KR101078645B1 (en) 2009-03-12 2011-11-01 삼성중공업 주식회사 Lng/lpg bog reliquefaction apparatus and method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2728305C1 (en) * 2017-02-14 2020-07-29 Л'Эр Ликид, Сосьете Аноним Пур Л'Этюд Э Л'Эксплуатасьон Де Проседе Жорж Клод Liquefied natural gas production system equipped with recondensator
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