KR20130140242A - Device for power generation of solar energy - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a solar generation device comprising: a PV module for absorbing sunlight and generating electric energy; a converter for converting the electricity supplied by the PV module and selectively applying the electricity to a cell module or a following heating element; a cell module including at least one chargeable/dischargeable cell and charged by the electricity supplied by the converter; and a heating element mounted on the outer surface of at least one cell and heating the cell using the electricity supplied from the converter. [Reference numerals] (100) Photovoltaic modules (PV Module);(200) Converter;(300) Cell module;(400) Heating element;(510) Temperature measuring element;(520) Light amount measuring element;(530) Voltage measuring member;(600) Device;(AA) Photovoltaic electric energy;(BB) Light amount data;(CC) Operation control signal;(DD,EE) Supply or block electricity;(FF) Temperature data;(GG) Voltage data

Description

Photovoltaic device {Device for Power Generation of Solar Energy}

The present invention relates to a photovoltaic device, and more particularly, a photovoltaic module for absorbing sunlight to generate electrical energy; A converter for transforming the electricity supplied from the solar module and selectively applying electricity to the battery module or the heating element according to the temperature state of the battery module; A battery module including one or more battery cells capable of charging and discharging, wherein the battery module is charged using electricity supplied from the converter; And a heating member mounted on an outer surface of at least one battery cell and heating the battery cell using electricity supplied from the converter.

Recently, as concerns about environmental problems and energy depletion have increased, interest in solar cells as an alternative energy with high energy resources, no environmental pollution, and high energy efficiency has increased.

Solar cells can be divided into solar cells that generate steam required to rotate turbines using solar heat, and solar cells that convert photons into electrical energy using properties of semiconductors. Among them, researches on solar cells that convert light energy into electrical energy by absorbing light to generate electrons and holes have been actively conducted.

The use of photovoltaic cells is spreading in many ways. In the past, the heat collecting plate mounted on the roof has been used as a power auxiliary device in the home. Now, the thin film solar cell is commercialized, and is being used for practical purposes such as electronic devices and automobiles.

Unlike fossil fuels and other renewables, solar energy is an infinite resource, and its greenhouse gas emissions are only one tenth that of gas power generation.

In addition, the disadvantage of the high cost of power generation is gradually resolved. Although solar energy has low economic feasibility due to higher production costs compared to existing fossil fuels, wind power, and fuel cells, solar power has recently been improved in efficiency, resulting in grid parity (unit cost of photovoltaic power generation) and the cost of conventional thermal power generation using fossil fuels. It is predicted that the point of balance will be advanced.

However, photovoltaic power generation has a disadvantage in that it does not perform its function after sunset or in poor or poor weather such as cloudy or rainy season. In order to overcome this drawback, a secondary battery capable of charging and discharging is additionally configured to store electrical energy through charging when the amount of sunshine is sufficient, and to discharge the electrical energy charged in the secondary battery when solar power generation is not possible. Overcoming the disadvantages.

A lead acid battery is used for a secondary battery for this purpose, but a lead acid battery is heavy, short in life, and needs to be applied to a lithium secondary battery due to environmental problems.

However, when the external temperature is a low temperature environment of less than 0 ℃, the lithium secondary battery causes the charge and discharge performance deterioration, it is affected by its capacity and life.

The lithium secondary battery, which caused the charge and discharge performance deterioration, deteriorates the structural safety of the battery module, thereby causing deterioration of the operating performance of photovoltaic power generation.

Therefore, there is a great need for a technology that can fundamentally solve these problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-described problems of the prior art and the technical problems required from the past.

After extensive research and various experiments, the inventors of the present application have developed a photovoltaic device having a specific configuration including a solar module, a converter, a battery module, a heating member, and the like, as described later. When applying such a photovoltaic device in a low temperature environment of less than 0 ℃, it is confirmed that by the temperature control of the battery module by the heating member can achieve a uniform charge and discharge capacity as a result, to complete the present invention Reached.

Therefore, the photovoltaic device of the present invention,

A solar module (PV module) for absorbing sunlight to generate electrical energy;

A converter for transforming electricity supplied from the solar module and selectively applying electricity to the battery module or the heating element according to the temperature state of the battery module;

A battery module including one or more battery cells capable of charging and discharging, wherein the battery module is charged using electricity supplied from the converter; And

A heating member mounted on an outer surface of at least one battery cell and heating the battery cell using electricity supplied from the converter;

As shown in FIG.

That is, the solar cell apparatus according to the present invention checks the temperature state of the battery module and selectively applies electricity to the battery module or the heating member based on this, thereby maintaining the battery module in an optimal temperature state, and consequently the battery module. Can improve the operating performance.

The photovoltaic module that absorbs sunlight to generate electrical energy may vary, for example, may be composed of two or more solar cells.

In general, as described above, a solar cell may be a solar cell that converts photons into electrical energy using a property of a solar cell or a semiconductor that generates steam required to rotate a turbine using solar heat. However, among these, a solar cell that converts light energy into electrical energy by absorbing light to generate electrons and holes can be preferably used in the present invention.

In one preferred example, the converter may be configured to apply electricity to the battery module when the temperature of the battery module is higher than the reference temperature, and to apply electricity to the heating member when the battery module is lower than the reference temperature.

Therefore, when the temperature of the battery module is lower than the reference temperature, by applying electricity to the heating member to increase the temperature of the battery module to the reference temperature or more by the heat generated from the heating member, thereby switching the battery module to the optimal state of charge. As a result, an environment in which charging can be performed in an optimal state in which the temperature of the battery module is higher than or equal to the reference temperature is provided, and thus the operating performance of the battery module can be greatly improved.

The reference temperature may be set by various factors, such as the characteristics of the battery module itself, the environment in which the photovoltaic device is used, preferably, in a temperature range of -10 ℃ (zero) to +10 ℃ (image) It may be set, for example, it may be set to 0 ℃.

In the present invention, the converter boosts the electricity supplied from the solar module to the chargeable voltage of the battery module, specifically, the low-voltage DC electricity supplied from the solar module can be charged to the battery module Since it does not reach the voltage of, the voltage is boosted by DC electricity above a predetermined voltage that can be charged, and one preferred example is a DC / DC converter.

The DC / DC converter may be, for example, a buck converter, a boost converter, a forward converter, a flyback converter, or the like.

On the other hand, the battery cell included in the battery module of the present invention may be preferably a lithium secondary battery of high energy density, discharge voltage, and output stability. Other components of such a lithium secondary battery will be described in detail below.

Generally, a lithium secondary battery is composed of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, a non-aqueous electrolyte containing a lithium salt, and the like.

The positive electrode is prepared, for example, by applying a mixture of a positive electrode active material, a conductive material and a binder on a positive electrode current collector, followed by drying, and if necessary, a filler is further added. The negative electrode is also produced by applying and drying a negative electrode material on a negative electrode current collector.

The separation membrane is interposed between the cathode and the anode, and an insulating thin film having high ion permeability and mechanical strength is used.

The lithium salt-containing nonaqueous electrolyte solution is composed of a nonaqueous electrolyte and a lithium salt. As the nonaqueous electrolyte solution, a liquid nonaqueous electrolyte, a solid electrolyte, and an inorganic solid electrolyte are used.

The collector, the electrode active material, the conductive material, the binder, the filler, the separator, the electrolyte, and the lithium salt are well known in the art, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted herein.

Such lithium secondary batteries may be prepared by conventional methods known in the art. That is, a porous separator may be inserted between the anode and the cathode, and an electrolyte may be injected into the separator.

The anode can be produced, for example, by applying a slurry containing the above-described lithium transition metal oxide active material, a conductive material and a binder on a current collector, followed by drying. Similarly, the negative electrode can be produced by, for example, applying a slurry containing a carbon active material, a conductive material and a binder onto a thin current collector and then drying.

In the present invention, the structure of the heating member, the form mounted on the battery cell, etc. can be very diverse, for example, a heating coil or a heating plate, etc. can be used, the battery via their own or separate members It may be mounted on the outer surface of the cell, but is not limited to these.

In addition, the heating member may be any position as long as it can contact the outside of the battery cell to apply heat to the battery cell. In one preferred embodiment, the heating member may be mounted at an interface between the battery cells constituting the battery module. The heating member mounted at the interface heats the battery cell using electricity applied to the converter.

That is, when the temperature of the battery module is less than the reference temperature, the converter applies electricity to the heating member, by which the heating member generates heat, thereby heating the battery cell directly or indirectly.

If the external temperature is a low temperature environment, for example, below 0 ° C., the charge / discharge performance of the battery cells is lowered, which adversely affects its capacity and lifespan, resulting in a decrease in the operating performance of photovoltaic power generation. This problem can be solved by the same heating.

In one preferred embodiment, the photovoltaic device of the present invention may further include a battery management system (BMS).

In some cases, it may further include a temperature measuring member for measuring the temperature of the battery module to send the measurement temperature data to the BMS.

In this case, the BMS includes reference temperature data, and compares the measured temperature data received by the temperature measuring member with the reference temperature data to transmit an operation control signal to the converter.

That is, as described above, when the temperature data of the battery module received by the temperature measuring member is less than the reference temperature data, the BMS transmits an operation control signal so that the converter can apply electricity to the heating member.

On the contrary, when the temperature data of the battery module received by the temperature measuring member is greater than or equal to the reference temperature data, the BMS transmits an operation control signal so that the converter can apply charging electricity to the battery module.

In one preferred embodiment, the photovoltaic device is a light quantity measuring member for measuring the amount of solar light of the photovoltaic module to transmit the measured light quantity data to the BMS, and a voltage measurement for measuring the voltage of the battery module to transmit the measured voltage data to the BMS It may be a configuration further comprising a member.

In this case, the BMS includes reference voltage data and reference light quantity data for determining whether the battery module is charged or not, and the measured voltage data and the measured light quantity data received from the voltage measuring member and the light quantity measuring member are respectively referred to the reference voltage data and the reference. The battery module may be configured to determine whether the battery module is charged in comparison with the light quantity data.

In one specific example, the reference voltage data is 4.2V per one battery cell, and the reference light quantity data may be set to 100 lux.

Based on this, the light quantity data measured from the light quantity measuring member is transmitted to the BMS, and the BMS compares the measured light quantity data with the built-in reference light quantity data, and the voltage data measured from the voltage measuring member is also transmitted to the BMS. The reference voltage data will be compared.

When the measured voltage data is less than the reference voltage data, the BMS determines that the battery module needs charging, and compares the measured light quantity data with the reference light quantity data. In this case, when the measured light quantity data is less than the reference light quantity data, the solar module does not absorb sunlight and thus does not generate electrical energy, and thus waits in the present state until the light quantity is measured above the reference light quantity data. . In contrast, when the measured light quantity data is equal to or greater than the reference light quantity data, the BMS compares the measured temperature data with the reference temperature data as described above. At this time, the BMS transmits an operation control signal to enable the converter to selectively apply electricity to the heating member or the battery module.

On the contrary, when the measured voltage data is greater than or equal to the reference voltage data, the BMS determines that the battery module no longer needs to be charged, and waits in the current state until the measured voltage data is measured to be less than the reference voltage data.

In one preferred example, the photovoltaic device of the present invention may be of a configuration further comprising a device operating by the discharge of the battery module.

The device may, for example, be an illumination, in particular a street lamp which is highly influenced by the temperature of the surrounding environment.

Since the structure and the manufacturing method thereof for the street lamp operating by the discharge of the battery module is known in the art, detailed description thereof will be omitted herein.

As described above, the photovoltaic device according to the present invention can provide a condition of a predetermined temperature or more for the battery module, and can not only improve the charge / discharge efficiency of the battery module, but also provide a uniform charge / discharge capability. As a result, the solar cell apparatus having excellent structural stability and operation performance can be manufactured.

1 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
2 is an operational flowchart of a solar power saving device according to one embodiment of the present invention;
3 is a schematic view of a photovoltaic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited by the scope of the present invention.

1 is a block diagram of a photovoltaic device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the device, and FIG. 3 is a diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention. A schematic diagram of a photovoltaic device is disclosed.

1 and 3, the photovoltaic device 1000 includes a photovoltaic module 100, a converter 200, a battery module 300, and a heating member 400.

In addition, the photovoltaic device 1000 may further include a BMS 500, a temperature measuring member 510, a light quantity measuring member 520, and a voltage measuring member 530.

The solar module 100 is composed of two or more solar cells 110.

The converter 200 which is supplied with solar electric energy from the solar module 100 is a DC / DC converter, and selectively applies or cuts electricity to the battery module 300 and the heating member 400 (750 and 760). .

The BMS 500 receives measured temperature data and measured voltage data from the temperature measuring member 510 and the voltage measuring member 530 mounted on the battery module 300.

In addition, the BMS 500 also receives measurement light quantity data from the light quantity measuring member 520.

Based on the data received in this way, the BMS 500 transmits an operation control signal to the converter 200 by comparing and determining the built-in reference data.

1 and 2 together, the first BMS 500 determines whether the battery module 300 is full (710). This is determined by comparing the measured voltage data received from the voltage measuring member 530 with built-in reference voltage data.

Specifically, when the reference voltage data is 4.2V per one battery cell, if the measured voltage data is equal to 4.2V, the BMS 500 determines that the battery module 300 does not need to be charged. It will wait in the present state without it.

On the contrary, if the measured voltage data is less than 4.2V, the BMS 500 determines that the battery module 300 needs to be charged, and the reference light quantity data in which the measured light quantity data received from the light quantity measuring member 520 is embedded. It is compared with (720).

Specifically, when the reference light quantity data is 100 lux, if the measured light quantity data is less than 100 lux, the BMS 500 does not obtain a predetermined amount of electricity from the solar module 100 that can be charged in the battery module 300. Therefore, it waits in the present state without any operation until the measured light quantity data of 100 lux or more is received.

Conversely, if the measured light quantity data is equal to or greater than 100 lux, the BMS 500 compares the measured temperature data received from the temperature measuring member 510 with the built-in reference temperature data (740).

Specifically, when the reference temperature data is 0 ° C, if the measured temperature data is less than 0 ° C, the BMS 500 applies electricity to the heating element 400 to heat the battery module 300 with heat generated from the heating element 400. ) Is determined to be heated, and an operation control signal related thereto is transmitted to the converter 200.

On the contrary, if the measured temperature data is equal to or greater than 0 ° C., the BMS 500 determines that the battery module 300 should be charged by applying electricity, and converts the operation control signal related thereto into a converter 200. Will be sent to).

The converter 200 selectively applies electricity to the heating member 400 and the battery module 300 based on the operation control signal received from the BMS 500 (750 and 760).

When the battery module 300 is heated to a reference temperature or more by the heating member 400, the BMS 500 receiving the measured temperature data from the temperature measurement member 510 needs no further heating to the battery module 300 And transmits the operation control signal to the converter 200.

The converter 200 cuts off the electricity applied to the heating member 400, and applies electricity to the battery module 300 to charge the battery (760).

Therefore, by measuring the temperature and voltage of the battery module 300 and the amount of light of the sun based on this it is possible to control the temperature of the battery module 300 by selectively applying electricity to the battery module 300 or the heating member 400 In addition, the uniform charging and discharging ability of the battery module 300 may be obtained, and thus the solar cell apparatus 1000 having excellent structural stability and operation performance may be manufactured.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims.

Claims (18)

A solar module (PV module) for absorbing sunlight to generate electrical energy;
A converter for transforming electricity supplied from the solar module and selectively applying electricity to the battery module or the heating element according to the temperature state of the battery module;
A battery module including one or more battery cells capable of charging and discharging, wherein the battery module is charged using electricity supplied from the converter; And
A heating member mounted on an outer surface of at least one battery cell and heating the battery cell using electricity supplied from the converter;
Photovoltaic device comprising a. The solar cell apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the solar module is composed of two or more solar cells. The solar cell apparatus of claim 1, wherein the converter applies electricity to the battery module when the temperature of the battery module is equal to or higher than the reference temperature, and applies electricity to the heating member when the temperature of the battery module is lower than the reference temperature. The photovoltaic device of claim 3, wherein the reference temperature is set in a temperature range of −10 ° C. (minus) to + 10 ° C. (image). The solar cell apparatus of claim 1, wherein the converter is a DC / DC converter. 6. The DC / DC converter of claim 5, wherein the DC / DC converter is selected from the group consisting of a buck converter, a boost converter, a forward converter, and a flyback converter. Solar power device. The solar cell apparatus of claim 5, wherein the DC / DC converter boosts the electricity supplied from the solar module to a chargeable voltage of the battery module. The solar cell apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the battery cell is a lithium secondary battery. The solar cell apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heating member is a heating coil or a heating plate. The solar cell apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a battery management system (BMS) for controlling the operation of the battery module. The photovoltaic device of claim 10, further comprising a temperature measuring member configured to measure the temperature of the battery module and transmit measured temperature data to the BMS. The photovoltaic power generation system of claim 11, wherein the BMS includes reference temperature data, and transmits an operation control signal to the converter by comparing the measured temperature data received by the temperature measuring member with the reference temperature data. Device. The method of claim 10, further comprising a light quantity measuring member for measuring the amount of solar light of the solar module to transmit the measured light quantity data to the BMS, and a voltage measuring member for measuring the voltage of the battery module and transmitting the measured voltage data to the BMS Photovoltaic device characterized in that. The method of claim 13, wherein the BMS includes reference voltage data and reference light quantity data for determining whether the battery module is charged or not, and the measured voltage data and the measured light quantity data received from the voltage measuring member and the light quantity measuring member, respectively, are referred to as reference voltages. The photovoltaic device of claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic device determines whether the battery module is charged or not by comparing the data and the reference light quantity data. The photovoltaic device of claim 14, wherein the reference voltage data is 4.2 V per one battery cell, and the reference light quantity data is 100 lux. The photovoltaic device of claim 15, wherein the photovoltaic device further includes a device operating by discharge of the battery module. The photovoltaic device of claim 16, wherein the device is an illumination. 18. The solar cell apparatus according to claim 17, wherein the device is a street light.

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