KR20130109547A

KR20130109547A - The touch screen and touch key and applied device or system which calculate touch point by using the velocity and arrival time between another materials

Info

Publication number: KR20130109547A
Application number: KR1020120031353A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 조동혁; 건희 조
Original assignee: 조동혁
Priority date: 2012-03-27
Filing date: 2012-03-27
Publication date: 2013-10-08

Abstract

If you can recognize the touch feeling as well as the location information touched on the touch screen at the same time, it is very useful for using a device with a touch screen, such as a smart phone, to implement detailed emotional functions such as handwritten notes and digital canvas, etc. You can expand into the field. In order to solve this problem, the touch feeling was separately measured using a touch pen device equipped with a special coil (electromagnet) together with the touch screen, but the present invention provides a microphone sensor or a piezoelectric sensor or a motion sensor of a very small size at specific positions outside the active area of the touch screen. By installing a sensor or the like, the touch point is calculated reliably using the time difference of signal arrival due to the difference in propagation speed between different media. It can be configured to calculate the touch intensity and sensitivity together with the touch position, and the following effects are expected. This can be equally applied to touch keys as well as touch screens.
First, a touch screen that calculates a touch point by using a signal arrival time difference due to a difference in propagation speed between different media is more reliable because the touch point is calculated by analyzing signal waveforms at the same point as compared to other methods.
Second, it can be applied in combination with the existing method, and when applied to the capacitive touch screen or touch key, there is an effect of measuring the fine touch sensitivity of the finger or the touch pen without a special touch pen device with a built-in coil. When applied to a touch key that is used a lot recently, it can be operated with various objects as well as fingers.
Third, even the touch screen that calculates the touch point by using the signal arrival time difference due to the difference in propagation speed between different media can simultaneously measure the touch position and touch sensitivity, eliminating the low transmittance ITO film used in the conventional method. Therefore, the transmittance can be provided to around 98% of the level of transparent glass, which can increase battery life.
Fourth, it can also be used as a switch used by touching the outside of the active area of the touch screen is installed, such as a microphone sensor, it is also possible to select the switch step by tapping or pressing strength. This has the effect of replacing the keys on the bottom of the smartphone to stand separately.

Description

Touch screen and touch key and applied device or system which calculate touch point by using the velocity and arrival time between another materials}

In devices such as smartphones that are difficult to use a mouse, the touch screen is used as a key input means. Touchscreens are the simplest, most economical, efficient and direct way for people to interact with devices in a way that allows them to communicate with devices such as smartphones by literally touching the screen with a finger or a touch pen. The touch screen can be conveniently used in a device such as a smartphone even if no training is performed by anyone, and since the user selects from a clearly defined menu, the user's error is eliminated. If the touch screen and the recently used touch keys can recognize not only the touch position but also the fine touch sense, the user's emotion can be input to provide a convenient and beneficial use environment of a device such as a smartphone. have. Ultimately, it is expected to develop into a field that recognizes the fine touch feeling according to the type of brush like a digital canvas.

Currently applied touch screens are known as pressure sensitive, capacitive, infrared, ultrasonic, and acoustic pulse recognition (APR). The capacitive touch screen is a method of sensing and driving static electricity generated by a human body, which is a touch screen method that is durable, has a short reaction time, has good permeability, and is multi-touch capable. The recently developed hybrid touch screen panel is a technology applied to the display (LCD) panel sector. Unlike the existing integrated touch screen panel (ITSP) based on the conventional optical sensor recognition, an ultra-thin touch integrated by applying a combination of optical recognition and current recognition methods. By providing screen (In-Cell or On-cell) function, devices can be made slimmer and lighter.

There are four wires and five wires in the pressure-sensitive type, and the four wires have the most ideal bar-shaped pattern of the touch panel. Film is used at the top, glass or film is used at the bottom, and a spacer is disposed therebetween. Is present to prevent shorting between Newton Ring and Top / Bottom. The pattern is composed of X on top, Y on bottom, and Y on top of X. The 5-wire has a unique pattern for each manufacturer, which is printed on the bottom and consists of a 4-wire with X and Y separately on the top and bottom, or a form with both X and Y on the bottom. In case of 4-wire type, it is weak in durability because the top film is not torn when it is torn. However, 5-wire type can be operated except for the part because the top film merely serves as a sensing to check whether the top and bottom contact. There is this. The operating principle is to measure the coordinates using the voltage drop of X1 and X2, Y1 and Y2 when it is assumed that left: X1 / right: X2 / top: Y1 / bottom: Y2 / around the contact point. That is, the positions X and Y are calculated with X = X1 / (X1 * X2)-X2 / (X1 * X2) and Y = Y1 / (Y1 * Y2)-Y2 / (Y1 * Y2). The electrostatic type is divided into surface type and projection type, and the structure of the surface type is made of ITO or ATO glass sheet, and the operating principle is to measure the microcurrent flowing by the internal capacitance of the human body at the four corners around the contact point. Calculate the coordinates by applying Kirchhoff's law. Projected methods are Mutual and Self-type. Mutual type makes an ITO film with a unique pattern for each manufacturer, and creates an active area in channel units and forms silver printed electrodes in each channel. In case of layers, X and Y are implemented in one sheet, and in case of 2 layers, X and Y are configured separately, and a shunt algorithm for communicating by invisible signals between channels and a Stray capacitance algorithm in which each channel has a constant capacitance By applying this, when the microcapacitance inside the human body is combined with a constant capacitance, the charging amount is greater than before, so the controller measures the intersection of the X channel and the Y channel. Since each channel is recognized individually, more than two points can be multi-touched.

In addition, the multi-touch technology of the touch screen is a technology that recognizes a touch point even when pressing the touch screen screen with various objects at the same time. The input efficiency is superior to the one-touch method that inputs one by one like a conventional mouse click or touch screen, and freely displays the image on the screen. You can click, move, and rotate with the material. Existing touch screen technology has a number of disadvantages, but recently, various technologies have been applied to improve touch screen transmittance, which accurately detects touch location and determines battery use time. However, structural limitations are not overcome. In other words, the capacitive touch pen does not recognize the touch pen and the touch sensitive touch panel itself does not detect the touch sense. If this can be solved, new applications and applications of devices such as smartphones can be developed. However, current outage and decompression, infrared, ultrasonic, acoustic pulse recognition (APR), distributed signal technology (DST) method to recognize the fine touch sense and all touch use environment is the basic principle and environment of the smartphone use It is impossible to consider.

The touch screen not only senses the position but also recognizes the user's emotions by recognizing the detailed touch senses, thus providing a convenient smartphone experience, and ultimately recognizing the touch of a fine brush like a digital canvas program on devices such as smartphones. It can be developed into a field. In order to solve this problem, a means for separately detecting a touch feeling along with a position measuring function of the current touch screen is required. Thus, in some smartphones, a fine decompression function is used in a touch pen in which a coil is embedded, but there is an inconvenience in that a touch pen must be separately used to transmit touch feeling information to the smartphone. That is, the pressure-sensitive touch screen cannot solve the problem of not detecting the fine finger touch that the sensing film does not touch, and the coil does not detect the object that does not cause the change of capacitance such as a plastic pen. Another problem is that a touch pen is included and an electromagnetic sensing method needs to be added to the bottom of the display panel. As a solution to this ultimately, if the touch screen can recognize not only the location but also the detailed touch sense regardless of the touch implementation method without using a special touch pen, it can recognize the user's emotion and use a device such as a smartphone. Can be improved conveniently. At the same time, it is also necessary to provide a function for recognizing the touch of a finger in detail even when the low-pressure pressure-sensitive touch screen method is not pressed hard. If this problem is solved, touch screen technology will develop into a field that recognizes even the touch of a fine brush like a digital canvas.

In order to recognize a detailed touch feeling without using a special touch pen, additional sensing information is required in addition to a touch screen function for measuring a position. Sensors capable of measuring the touch feeling that can be provided integrated with the touch screen include a microphone sensor and a motion sensor such as a strain gauge or an acceleration sensor. These sensors are manufactured in extremely small sizes using MEMS technology, allowing multiple pieces to be attached to a specific location on the touch screen. By installing a plurality of these sensors as much as possible, it is possible to measure the deformation, shear force, bending moment, vibration, sound, etc. of the touch screen membrane in detail, and can detect the fine touch feeling according to the correction with accurate touch position information.

A microphone sensor that converts a voltage into an electric signal using a change in capacitance to sense a touch feeling is generally formed of a capacitor by storing static electricity by an external direct current power source between a fixed electrode and a conductive diaphragm, When the diaphragm vibrates, the distance to the fixed electrode changes and the capacitance changes, and this change is converted into an electrical signal. It has a good trackability against the original sound, a wide dynamic range, and the size of the microphone sensor as the MEMS type was recently developed. 3 x 2 x 1mm products are also available, including packaging. For example, four microphone sensors are installed in the center of the lower edge of the touch screen, and the sound pressure generated when the touch is measured and corrected together with the touch position to provide necessary touch intensity and sense information. When the microphone sensor is used, it responds to external sound, so if you remove the external noise using the voice call signal of the smartphone, you can measure the touch feeling in a robust form.

Instead of a microphone sensor, a motion sensor or strain detector such as an acceleration sensor, a gyro sensor, a tilt sensor, etc. is installed at the bottom corner of the touch screen to detect minute vibrations and sounds at the bottom of the touch screen and compensate for the touch position to calculate the touch feeling. For example, four motion sensors are installed at the corners of the touch screen to detect vibrations and to calculate the touch feeling by correcting vibration values in consideration of the touch position. Unlike the microphone sensor, the motion sensor is not affected by the sounds of the surroundings, but has a problem of being affected by the movement of the user. The present invention proposes a new method of calculating the touch point by using the time difference of signal arrival due to the difference in propagation speed between different media by using these sensors, and analyzes the frequency and signal waveform of the signal to calculate the touch position along with the touch sensitivity. It can be measured.

If you can recognize the touch feeling as well as the location information touched on the touch screen at the same time, it is very useful for using a device with a touch screen, such as a smart phone, to implement detailed emotional functions such as handwritten notes and digital canvas, etc. You can expand into the field. In order to solve this problem, the touch feeling was separately measured using a touch pen device equipped with a special coil (electromagnet) together with the touch screen, but the present invention provides a microphone sensor or a piezoelectric sensor or a motion sensor of a very small size at specific positions outside the active area of the touch screen. By installing a sensor or the like, the touch point is calculated reliably using the time difference of signal arrival due to the difference in propagation speed between different media. It can be configured to calculate the touch intensity and sensitivity together with the touch position, and the following effects are expected. This can be equally applied to touch keys as well as touch screens.

First, a touch screen that calculates a touch point by using a signal arrival time difference due to a difference in propagation speed between different media is more reliable because the touch point is calculated by analyzing signal waveforms at the same point as compared to other methods.

Second, it can be applied in combination with the existing method, and when applied to the capacitive touch screen or touch key, there is an effect of measuring the fine touch sensitivity of the finger or the touch pen without a special touch pen device with a built-in coil. When applied to a touch key that is used a lot recently, it can be operated with various objects as well as fingers.

Third, even the touch screen that calculates the touch point by using the signal arrival time difference due to the difference in propagation speed between different media can simultaneously measure the touch position and touch sensitivity, eliminating the low transmittance ITO film used in the conventional method. Therefore, the transmittance can be provided to around 98% of the level of transparent glass, which can increase battery life.

Fourth, it can also be used as a switch used by touching the outside of the active area of the touch screen is installed, such as a microphone sensor, it is also possible to select the switch step by tapping or pressing strength. This has the effect of replacing the keys on the bottom of the smartphone to stand separately.

1 is a principle diagram of a capacitive touch screen and a capacitive touch screen, in which a capacitive type measures a change in capacitance according to a finger press, and a constant pressure type determines a touch position by measuring a change in resistance value as the film is pressed to the touch. .
2 is a comparative view of the capacitive, pressure-sensitive, infrared, ultrasonic technology applied to the touch screen.
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram in which a sensor for measuring a signal arrival time difference due to a difference in propagation speed between different media is additionally installed at a corner part to compensate for the shortcomings of the pressure sensitive and positive pressure touch screen.
4 is a principle diagram of a touch screen using a signal arrival time difference due to a difference in propagation speed between different media.
5 is a principle diagram of a touch screen that calculates a touch point by using a signal arrival time difference due to a propagation speed difference between different media.
FIG. 6 is a principle diagram of a touch screen in which a cell is divided into a plurality of measuring sensors and a touch point is primarily determined in units of cells in comparison with sensor positions of X and Y axes to which signals are first transmitted.

Touch screens that measure the location touched by a finger or a touch pen are classified into capacitive and resistive touch panels. While the pressure-sensitive type recognizes a general touch pen, detailed finger touch recognition is difficult. On the contrary, the capacitive type recognizes a finger but does not recognize a general touch pen. In addition, due to the touch screen principle, the touched position can be measured directly, but it is difficult to measure the detailed touch feeling.To compensate for this, Samsung smartphones have an additional recognition pad type sensor installed at the bottom of the display panel and a special coil is installed. A method of measuring touch feeling using a touch pen has been introduced. These features are used to show new possibilities, such as being applied to detailed handwritten memo programs and digital canvas for drawing. However, such a method also uses a touch pen provided with a special coil, and there is a limit in recognizing a fine touch feeling that distinguishes the strength of a finger or the kind of a brush. The only way to solve this problem is to install a motion sensor such as a microphone sensor or an acceleration sensor that accurately detects the vibration or sound of the touch screen film generated by touching a finger or a brush. By compensating for the deformation, vibration, and sound signal data and touched position coordinates sensed by each sensor, it is possible to measure very fine touch intensity and sense. If this is implemented, it is expected that ultimately, depending on the roughness and pressing force of the brush in the software for digital canvas, the thickness, color and density of the line painted on the digital canvas can be reproduced similar to the actual sense. In addition, even when writing using a finger or a general touch pen, the thickness, color and density of the corresponding line may be reflected according to the touch feeling. Applying such a touch screen is expected to extend the field of use of smart phones to the field of art expressing emotion.

As display resolutions become fierce, problems of brightness naturally arise. Higher resolutions reduce the amount of light that passes through the screen, so higher resolutions (2048 x 1536 Latina displays for the iPad 3) require more light to achieve the same brightness. However, increasing the brightness of the display breaks away from the most important power-saving technology in mobile devices, causing serious problems in battery life due to increased power consumption. ITO film, which is essential for touch screens, is known to have a transmittance of around 85%. Touch screen is FF method using two ITO films, G1F method to deposit ITO thin film on the back of tempered glass, and mass production yield is low, but X-axis ITO thin film is deposited on the back using one tempered glass and nicknamed pattern After that, a G2 method of depositing an insulating layer on it and again depositing Y-axis ITO is being developed. Apple's GG method uses tempered glass to deposit a thin film of ITO on one or both sides, which is advantageous in terms of transmittance, but has two disadvantages such as thickness and weight. When the difference in transmittance between ITO film and sputtered ITO is 5% level, the difference in transmittance becomes 5% when two sheets of ITO film are used and one sheet of ITO film + sputtering ITO is used. Since the difference is 25%, the difference in transmittance is directly related to the power consumption, so the iPhone uses only the glass type. Recently, display companies have developed In-Cell and On-Cell technologies that incorporate touch screens into panels, and are developing technologies that reduce the power consumption required for backlighting by reducing the light reflection of the touch surface panel and reducing the light weight compared to conventional methods. . On-Cell touches the resistive touch panel between the upper polarizer and the upper glass substrate with OCA (optical transparent adhesive) or by vacuum depositing the capacitive touch panel on the glass substrate of the panel. Compared to the In-Cell method of adding a functional cell to the display, the cost is low.

The present invention can be used as a means for calculating the touch feeling in addition to the existing pressure-sensitive or capacitive touch screen, while solving the existing shortcomings, but independently the time difference of the signal arrival due to the difference in the propagation speed of the transparent plate such as tempered glass and the air medium By using the touch screen method to calculate the touch point can also be configured. As such, there is no known touch screen and a touch key in which a touch point is calculated by using a signal arrival time difference due to a difference in propagation speed between different transparent media constituting the touch screen. A somewhat similar form of acoustic pulse recognition (APR) and distributed signal technology (DST), the curved-wavelength touchscreen consists of a piece of glass with a piezoelectric (piezo) transducer on the back surface near the edges, whereby a finger or other object Touch to generate fine vibration (bending wave), and the controller compares the vibration signal against the stored signal list or analyzes the vibration in real time to calculate the touch position. Such a method is structurally difficult to detect multi-touch, and has a disadvantage in that precision is poor because it is calculated by compensating mutual signals. However, the touch screen method using the signal arrival time difference due to the propagation speed difference between the transparent plate and the air medium, as in the present invention, can independently obtain the radius of the touch point for each sensor position, which is very insensitive to noise and calculates the multi-touch. This is possible. The propagation speed of media such as transparent plates and air can be obtained experimentally, and the process of calculating touch points is very simple, reducing the burden on the processor. In this way, the method of calculating the touch point using the signal arrival time difference due to the propagation speed difference between the transparent plate and the air medium may be developed into a new touch method (pressure sensitive, capacitive, infrared, ultrasonic, APR, DPR, etc.). Unlike the conventional methods, this method does not require an ITO film, and thus consists of only one sheet of tempered glass, which can significantly increase the transmittance and reduce the thickness. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Is the same as

That is, in the touch means used as an input device of a device or a system, when a finger or a general touch pen is pressed on the transparent plate 10 such as glass, a sound (or a mechanical wave) due to a touch is generated. Means for installing the measuring sensor 8 at three or more specific positions for measuring sound (or mechanical wave) propagating through a solid such as a transparent plate 10 such as glass, etc., outside the transparent plate 10 such as glass Means for installing measurement sensors 9 together in the same position to measure sound propagating through air, sound propagation in solids (or mechanical wave) rather than sound propagation velocity in air (Va 344 m / s for air) The speed (sound Vs ≒ 4000 to 5000 m / s in solid media) is fast, so it is propagated through the air after the touch signal is detected by the measuring sensor 8 which measures the sound (or mechanical wave) propagating through the solid. Means for calculating the time difference (Δt) at which the touch signal is detected in the sensor for measuring sound, from the measuring sensor (8, 9) using the respective transmission speed and time difference (Δt) in the air and the transparent plate (10), such as glass. Means for calculating the radius to the touch point; Means for calculating the radius to the touch point from the measuring sensors 13 and 14 installed at three or more specific positions, respectively. ) To determine the location or area where the radius between the touch points intersect with each other. This is based on the principle of calculating the touch point using the time difference of arrival due to the difference in sound propagation speed between different media, and may be provided in the form of a touch screen and a touch key and a display panel, a device, or a system using the same.

It basically uses the time difference of sound transmission through a solid such as a transparent plate and a gas such as air outside the transparent plate, but the touch screen formed by combining the first transparent plate and the second transparent plate of a medium having a different signal transmission speed Technology can be applied. That is, when a finger or a general touch pen is pressed on the transparent plate 10 such as glass, a sound (or a mechanical wave) due to the touch is generated. In order to measure this, it propagates through a solid such as the transparent plate 10 such as glass. Means for installing the measuring sensor 8 at three or more specific positions for measuring the sound (or mechanical wave), or a medium (liquid or In the case of using a second transparent plate having different propagation characteristics, a medium for differentiating the sound (or mechanical wave) propagation speed Vs of the transparent plate 10, such as glass, means for installing the measuring sensors 9 together at the same position. Since the sound (or mechanical wave) propagation velocity Va is different, the measurement sensor 8, which measures the sound (or mechanical wave) propagation signal of the transparent plate 10 such as glass, passes through another medium after detecting the touch signal. Means for calculating the time difference Δt at which the touch signal is detected in the measuring sensor 9 for measuring the propagated touch signal, the measurement sensor 8 at a specific position using the signal transmission speeds Vs and Va and the time difference Δt in each medium. Means for calculating the radius from the touch point to the touch point, means for calculating the radius from the measuring sensors 13 and 14 installed at three or more specific positions, respectively, to at least three specific positions. From (13, 14), it is configured to determine a position or area where the radius between touch points intersect with each other as the touch point. This method can provide stable characteristics compared to the method of propagating sound by using a narrow air gap between the touch screen and the display panel (sound propagation rate Va = sqrt (γ * R * T) in air). .

The touch screen principle of this type is a measurement sensor 8 which measures the speed of propagation through air or other medium as Va, the speed of propagation through a transparent plate such as glass as Vs, and measures the sound propagating through the solid. In the sensor 9 that measures a signal propagated through air or another medium after detecting the touch signal, the time difference at which the touch signal is detected is Δt, the radius R from the measuring sensor 8, 9 at a specific position to the touch point. = (Vs * Va * Δt) / (Vs-Va) to obtain. Vs and Va are obtained through experiments. The sound propagation speeds of the media are known as air 344m / s, seawater 1560 m / s, iron 6100 m / s, glass 4900 ~ 5800 m / s, and wood 3200 ~ 5000 m / s. have. In this way, the measuring sensors 13 and 14 installed at three or more specific positions by means of calculating the radius from the measuring sensors 8 and 9 at specific positions to the touch points using the propagation speed and time difference Δt between the media. Means to calculate the radius from the touch point to the touch point, respectively, using the trigonometric method to determine the position or area where the touch point radius calculated by at least three specific point measuring sensors 13 and 14 intersect each other. When the measuring sensor is installed to correspond to the X and Y axes, the coordinate expression of the touch point can be simply derived. That is, the X-axis sensor 13 positions X1 (m, o) and X2 () at positions symmetrically apart from the Y-axis and m-axis at the center of the transparent plate 12 such as glass as the origin. -m, 0), and Y-axis sensor 14 positions Y1 (0, n) and Y2 (0, -n) at positions symmetrically apart from the X-axis by n, respectively, and the propagation speed and transmission between the media Means for calculating the radii RX1, RX2, RY1, and RY2 from the four-position measuring sensors 13 and 14 to the touch point using the time difference Δt, and the method of obtaining the contact points of the circles, respectively. = (RX2 ^ 2-RX1 ^ 2) / 4m, the Y coordinate of the touch point Y = (RY2 ^ 2-RY1 ^ 2) / 4n to determine the touch point. When calculating using trigonometry to determine the position, complex binary quadratic equations must be solved. The time difference is measured and each radius (R = (Vs * Va * Δt) / (Vs-Va)) is calculated and substituted into the above equation. By doing so, the coordinates of the touch point can be calculated, thereby reducing the burden on the processor.

In order to measure the sound transmitted through the transparent plate 10 such as glass, the sound absorbing port 11 of the measurement sensor 8 such as a microphone sensor and the transparent plate 8 such as glass are fixed in close contact with each other. The sound transmitted through the transparent plate 5 is configured to detect the measurement sensor 8, such as a microphone sensor. On the contrary, the sound absorbing opening 11 of the measuring sensor 9, such as a microphone sensor for measuring the sound propagated through the air, is a gap between the transparent plate 10, such as glass, and the display panel, or another lower transparent plate. It is configured to be transmitted through the (Gap), when the transparent plate 10, such as glass is configured to detect the sound propagating through the air between the gap in the measuring sensor (9). Such a sensor is provided with two microphone sensors in the same package, so that one sound absorbing port faces the transparent plate and the other sound absorbing port faces the side. In this case, as a means for measuring the sound (or mechanical wave) transmitted through the solid, such as the transparent plate 10 such as glass and other media other than air, a microphone sensor, an acceleration sensor, a gyro sensor, or a tilt measurement Tilt sensor, strain gauge, piezoceramic detector (PZT) or piezoelectric film detector (PVDF, piezo film) can be configured or installed in combination. Mechnical waves appear in the form of flexural vibrations, strains, and strains.

This type of touch screen has the advantage of being able to detect touches in areas other than the active area. That is, even when a point outside the active area of the display panel of the transparent plate 10 such as glass is touched, the touch point or means for calculating the touch intensity and the key input function defined in the touch point are activated. When measuring using a microphone sensor, external noise may be included. In order to solve this problem, compared to the signal of another microphone sensor that detects only the other external sound, to remove the other sound components of the external from the sensed sound of the measuring sensors that detect the touch sound of the transparent plate 10, such as glass, etc. The means extract only the touch sound components (frequency and waveform) to calculate the touch point or intensity without the influence of other external sounds. One example of this technology is the iPhone, which adds a microphone at the top to remove external noise from the phone's bottom microphone. In addition, the touch intensity and the touch object may be distinguished by analyzing frequency, amplitude, or waveform which are characteristics of sound obtained from the measuring sensors 8 and 9. When this is enlarged, the frequency or amplitude or waveform, which is a characteristic of the signal obtained from the measuring sensors 8 and 9, is analyzed to determine whether there is a signal generated when the touch is released and then touched and held. It can provide the ability to distinguish between states. The criterion for calculating the time difference Δt obtained from the measuring sensors 8 and 9 is very important for signal processing. It is reasonable to determine the time reference point to propagate by selecting and combining the time point at which the signal reaches a predetermined voltage, the vertex at which the state of the signal changes, or the time point at which the number of pulses of the signal is counted as the signal processing reference.

The principle of detecting multi-touch is as follows. In the X and Y axes, which are the origin of the transparent plate 12 such as glass, the X-axis sensor 13 positions are positioned at positions symmetrically apart from the Y-axis by m, respectively, and X1 (m, o) and X2 (-m). If the Y-axis sensor 14 position is Y1 (0, n) and Y2 (0, -n), respectively, at positions symmetrically apart from the X-axis by n, respectively, Sound (or mechanical wave) is superimposed on the touch point and overlaps each other, but since each multi-touch signal is continuously measured with time difference according to the propagation distance in each sensor, it is classified and propagated between media for each multi-touch signal. Means for calculating the radii RX1, RX2, RY1, and RY2 for each of the multi-touch signals using the speed and the propagation time difference Δt from the four positions of the measuring sensors 13 and 14 to a contact point of the circle. X coordinate of touch point X = (RX2 ^ 2-RX1 ^ 2) / 4m, Y coordinate of touch point Y = (R Y2 ^ 2-RY1 ^ 2) / 4n is configured to calculate all the multi-touch positions.

The user interface of most smartphone apps is not as detailed as writing with a touch pen, and since a small cell unit is used, a touch technology for quickly and accurately recognizing a small cell unit is required. For example, if the cell unit is 5 x 5mm, it can be used without malfunction in most user interfaces. The principle of quickly and accurately recognizing the touched point by cell unit is as follows. That is, in the X and Y axes having the center of the transparent plate 16 such as glass or the like, Y11, Y21, Y31 and successively the position of the measuring sensor in the 2/3 planes are symmetrically separated from the Y axis by m. Yn1, Y12, Y22, Y32 on the 1/4 plane, and Yn2 consecutively, and the position of the measuring sensor at the position symmetrically apart from the X axis by n X12, X22, Y32, and Yn1, 3 on the 1/2 plane respectively. X11, X21, X31, and successively Xn2 on the / 4 plane, means for separating the cells by connecting their centers using horizontal and vertical lines centering on sensor positions corresponding to the X and Y axes, each separated cell When touching the transparent plate 16 such as means for defining the position of the X, Y axis sensor that is the fastest signal transmission, glass, etc., touch the corresponding point to find the sensors to propagate the signal on the X, Y axis first It can be configured as a means for quickly determining the cell of.

As described above, a touch screen and a touch key for calculating a touch point using a difference in arrival time due to a difference in sound propagation speed between different media and a display panel or device or system using the same may overcome all the disadvantages of the conventional touch screen and touch key. I think you can. Existing capacitive touch keys can provide a very big advantage of being able to recognize not only fingers but also presses using general objects. In addition, the existing touch screen can recognize only the active area, but the present invention can be recognized in addition to the active area and can be used only by printing a key function defined in another inactive area. In addition to simple on / off operation, the switch can also sense strength and provide various additional functions (Zoom in / Zoom our, Volume up / Volume down, etc.) simultaneously. Most of all, the touch function is provided only with transparent plates such as glass, which can increase the transmittance of less than 90% of the current touch screen to around 98%, thereby minimizing the power consumption of the display backlight, and uniquely distinguishing the fine touch feeling. Evaluated as a solution.

1: X axis sensor 1 2: Y axis sensor 1
3: X axis sensor 2 4: Y axis sensor 2
5: transparent plate such as glass 6: cable
7: auxiliary measuring sensor 8: propagation velocity Vs signal measuring sensor
9: Propagation velocity Va signal measuring sensor 10: Transparent plate such as glass
11: microphone sensor sound absorbing hole 12: transparent plate such as glass
13: X-axis sensor 14: Y-axis sensor
15: transparent plate such as glass

Claims

In the touch means used as an input device of a device or system,
If you press a finger or a general touch pen on the transparent plate 10 such as glass, a sound (or a mechanical wave) due to the touch is generated,
To measure this,
Means for installing the measuring sensor 8 at three or more specific locations for measuring sound (or mechanical wave) propagating through a solid such as a transparent plate 10 such as glass,
Means for installing the measuring sensor 9 together at the same position to measure the sound propagated through the air outside the transparent plate 10, such as glass,
Sound propagated through a solid because sound (or mechanical wave) propagation speed (solid Vs ≒ 4000 to 5000 m / s in solid media) is faster than sound propagation velocity in air (Va 340 m / s for air) Means for calculating a time difference Δt at which a touch signal is detected by a sensor measuring sound propagated through the air after sensing the touch signal (or a measuring sensor 8 measuring a mechanical wave),
Means for calculating the radius from the measuring sensors 8, 9 to the touch point using the respective transmission speed and time difference Δt in the transparent plate 10 such as glass and the air,
Means for calculating a radius from the measuring sensors 13 and 14 installed at three or more specific positions to the touch point, respectively,
Touch by using the time difference of arrival due to the sound propagation speed difference between different media, characterized in that the location or area where the radius between the touch points intersects each other from the measuring sensors 13 and 14 of at least three specific positions is determined as the touch point. Touch screens and touch keys for calculating points and display panels or devices or systems using them

In the touch means used as an input device of a device or system,
If you press a finger or a general touch pen on the transparent plate 10 such as glass, a sound (or a mechanical wave) due to the touch is generated,
To measure this,
Means for installing the measuring sensor 8 at three or more specific locations for measuring sound (or mechanical wave) propagating through a solid such as a transparent plate 10 such as glass,
When using a transparent plate 10 such as glass and a medium having a different sound (or mechanical wave) propagation speed (a second transparent plate having a liquid or different propagation characteristic), the measurement sensor 9 is installed together at the same position. Way,
Sound (or mechanical wave) propagation speed Vs of the transparent plate 10 such as glass
Sound (or mechanical wave) propagation velocity Va is different in different media
After the touch signal is detected by the measuring sensor 8 measuring the sound (or mechanical wave) propagation signal of the transparent plate 10 such as glass, the touch signal is detected by the measuring sensor 9 measuring the touch signal propagated through another medium. Means for calculating the time difference Δt,
Means for calculating the radius from the measuring sensors 8, 9 at the specific position to the touch point using the signal propagation rates Vs and Va and the time difference Δt in each medium,
Means for calculating a radius from the measuring sensors 13 and 14 installed at three or more specific positions to the touch point, respectively,
Touch by using the time difference of arrival due to the signal propagation speed between different media, characterized in that the location or area where the radii between the touch points intersect each other from the measuring sensors 13 and 14 of at least three specific positions is determined as the touch point. Touch screens and touch keys for calculating points and display panels or devices or systems using them

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The speed of propagation through air or other media is Va, and the speed of propagation through transparent plates such as glass is Vs.
Δt is a time difference at which the touch signal is detected by the sensor 9 measuring the signal propagated through air or another medium after the touch signal is sensed by the measuring sensor 8 measuring the sound propagating through the solid.
Using the difference in signal propagation speed and arrival time between different media, characterized by calculating the radius R = (Vs * Va * Δt) / (Vs-Va) from the measuring sensor (8,9) at a specific position to the touch point Touch point and touch key for calculating the touch point and a touch point calculation method of a display panel or device or system using the touch screen and touch key

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Means for calculating the radius from the measuring sensor 8, 9 at a specific position to the touch point using the propagation speed and time difference Δt between the media,
Means for calculating a radius from the measuring sensors 13 and 14 installed at three or more specific positions to the touch point, respectively,
The difference in propagation speed and signal arrival time between different media is determined by using a triangulation method to determine a touch point at a position or region where touch point radii calculated by at least three specific point measuring sensors 13 and 14 intersect each other. A touch screen and a touch key for calculating touch points using the touch screen and a method for calculating touch points of a display panel, device, or system using the touch screen and touch keys

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
On the X, Y axis with the center of the transparent plate 12 such as glass as the origin
The position of the X-axis sensor 13 at positions symmetrically apart from the Y-axis by m are referred to as X1 (m, o) and X2 (-m, 0), respectively.
If the Y-axis sensor 14 position is Y1 (0, n) and Y2 (0, -n) at positions symmetrically apart from the X-axis by n,
Means for calculating the radii RX1, RX2, RY1, and RY2 from the four positions of the measuring sensors 13 and 14 to the touch points, respectively, using the propagation velocity and the transfer time difference Δt between the media,
By finding the contact of the circles
X coordinate of touch point X = (RX2 ^ 2-RX1 ^ 2) / 4m
Touch screen and touch keys that calculate the touch point using the propagation speed and signal arrival time difference between different media, characterized by determining the touch point with the Y coordinate Y = (RY2 ^ 2-RY1 ^ 2) / 4n And a method of calculating touch points of a display panel, device, or system using the same

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
By closely fixing the sound absorbing port 11 of the measuring sensor 8, such as the microphone sensor for measuring the sound transmitted through the transparent plate 10, such as glass and the transparent plate 8, such as glass
Characterized in that it is configured to detect the sound transmitted through the transparent plate 5, such as glass with a measuring sensor 8, such as a microphone sensor
Touch screen and touch keys for calculating touch points using sound propagation speed and sound arrival time difference between different media, and how to install measuring sensors in display panels or devices or systems using them

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Sound absorbing port 11 of the measuring sensor 9, such as a microphone sensor for measuring the sound propagated through the air is
It is configured to be transmitted through the gap (Gap) between the transparent plate 10 such as glass and the display panel, or between another lower transparent plate,
Touching the transparent plate 10, such as glass, the touch point using the sound propagation speed and sound arrival time difference between the different media, characterized in that configured to detect the sound propagating through the air between the gap in the measuring sensor (9) Touch screen and touch key to calculate the number and how to install the measuring sensor of the display panel or device or system using the same

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
As a means for measuring the sound (or mechanical wave) transmitted through a solid, such as a transparent plate 10, such as glass, and a medium other than air,
Microphone sensor or
Acceleration sensor or
Gyro sensor or
Tilt sensor for measuring tilt, or
A measurement that calculates touch points using different propagation speeds and signal arrival times between different media, characterized by a combination of strain gauges or piezoceramic detectors (PZT) or piezofilm detectors (PVDF, piezo film). Touch screens and touch keys using sensors and display panels or devices or systems using them

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Of the transparent plate 10 such as glass
If you touch a point outside the active area of the display panel,
Means for calculating touch points or touch intensities,
A touch screen and a touch key of a method of measuring a touch point or intensity outside the active area, and a display panel, a device, or a system using the same, comprising means for activating a key input function defined at a corresponding touch point.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Compared to another microphone sensor's signal
Means for removing other external sound components from the sensed sound of the measuring sensors for detecting the touch sound of the transparent plate 10 such as glass,
Extract only touch sound components (frequency and waveforms)
Touch screen and touch keys that remove external sound noise components, characterized by calculating touch points or intensities without affecting other external sounds, and display panels, devices or systems using the same

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Obtained from measuring sensors 8 and 9
Analyze frequency, amplitude, or waveforms that are characteristic of sound
Touch screen and touch key for distinguishing touch intensity and touch object and distinguishing touch intensity and touch object and display panel or device or system using same

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Obtained from measuring sensors 8 and 9
Analyze the frequency, amplitude, or waveform of the signal
A touch screen and a touch key for distinguishing touch and hold, and a display panel, a device, or a system using the same, wherein the touch and hold distinguishes whether a signal is generated when the touch is released and then touched and held.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
As a basis for calculating the time difference Δt obtained from the measuring sensors 8 and 9
When the signal reaches a certain voltage, or
The vertex at which the state of the signal changes, or
A touch screen and a touch key for calculating a touch point using a propagation speed and a signal arrival time difference between different media, characterized by determining a time reference point to propagate by selecting and combining the number of pulses of the signal. Signal processing method of display panel or device or system

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
On the X, Y axis with the center of the transparent plate 12 such as glass as the origin
The position of the X-axis sensor 13 at positions symmetrically apart from the Y-axis by m are referred to as X1 (m, o) and X2 (-m, 0), respectively.
If the Y-axis sensor 14 position is Y1 (0, n) and Y2 (0, -n) at positions symmetrically apart from the X-axis by n,
If you do multi-touch at the same time,
While sound (or mechanical wave) propagates around each touch point, they overlap each other, but in each sensor, multi-touch signals are measured continuously with time difference according to the propagation distance.
For each multi-touch signal, the radius RX1, RX2, RY1, and RY2 from the four-position measuring sensors 13 and 14 to the touch point using the propagation speed and the propagation time difference Δt between the media, respectively. Means for calculating,
By finding the contact of the circles
X coordinate of touch point X = (RX2 ^ 2-RX1 ^ 2) / 4m
Touch screen and touch to calculate the touch point using the propagation speed and signal arrival time difference between different media, characterized by determining the multi-touch positions with Y coordinate Y = (RY2 ^ 2-RY1 ^ 2) / 4n of the touch point. Multi-touch function of keys and display panels or devices or systems using them

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
On the X, Y axis with the center of the transparent plate 15 such as glass as the origin
The positions of the measuring sensors at positions symmetrical apart from the Y-axis by m are called Y11, Y21, Y31 in the 2/3 plane and Yn1 in succession, Y12, Y22, Y32 in the 1/4 plane, and Yn2 in succession,
Suppose the position of the measuring sensor at a position symmetrically apart from the X-axis by n is X12, X22, Y32 on the 1/2 plane, and Yn1 continuously on the 1/2 plane, X11, X21, X31 on the 3/4 plane, and Xn2 continuously.
Means for distinguishing cells by connecting their centers using horizontal and vertical lines around sensor positions corresponding to the X and Y axes,
Means for defining the X- and Y-axis sensor positions, where signals are transmitted most quickly when touching each distinct cell,
When the transparent plate 16, such as glass, is touched, the touch point of the cell unit is calculated by locating sensors whose signals propagate on the X and Y axes first and quickly determining the corresponding cell at the touched point. Touch screen and touch key and multi-touch function of a display panel or device or system using the same