KR20130099309A - Waveguide slot array antenna including slots having different width - Google Patents

Abstract

A waveguide slot array antenna is disclosed. The waveguide slot array antenna includes a non-radiating surface including an energy feeding part and a pair of radiating slots formed opposite to the non-radiating surface, wherein the thicknesses of the first radiating slot and the second radiating slot of the radiating slot are mutually different. A plurality of antenna unit elements are formed between the other radiation surface and the non-radiation surface and the radiation surface, and each includes a cavity for receiving energy from the feeder and supplying the energy to the pair of radiation slots.

Description

Waveguide slot array antenna having slots of different thickness {WAVEGUIDE SLOT ARRAY ANTENNA INCLUDING SLOTS HAVING DIFFERENT WIDTH}

An embodiment according to the concept of the present invention relates to a waveguide slot array antenna, and more particularly, a waveguide slot having a pair of slots having different thicknesses and capable of differentially distributing and radiating electromagnetic energy according to corresponding slot thicknesses. It relates to an array antenna.

In general, a parabolic antenna, a microstrip antenna, or a waveguide slot array antenna is mainly used as an antenna for transmitting and receiving a radio wave in a microwave band. The parabolic antenna is a very high gain antenna, which uses an optical feature that light from a parabolic focal point becomes parallel rays after being reflected by a reflector. The efficiency of the parabolic antenna is proportional to the area of the reflecting surface and the size of the reflector must be larger than the wavelength of the radio wave. However, since the antenna itself is large and heavy, the parabola antenna is practically difficult to be mounted and used in a small vehicle, and side lobes are largely generated, resulting in poor efficiency. Microstrip antenna is a small flat antenna manufactured using the principle of radiating high frequency through the open surface of the microstrip line, which is open on the top, and is easy to manufacture because it is made of printed board. Has the advantage. However, according to a loss factor of a dielectric used as a substrate, a power supply loss of a signal to be transmitted or received is large and a bandwidth is very small, which makes it difficult to apply in a system requiring a wide bandwidth. In addition, when high gain is required, the amount of radiation elements may increase rapidly, which may result in worse characteristics than the parabolic antenna due to dielectric loss and resistance loss of the conductor. The waveguide slotted array antenna, which is spotlighted as an antenna to compensate for the disadvantages of the parabolic antenna and the microstrip antenna, is used as a small vehicle-mounted antenna for mobile communication using radar, satellite broadcasting reception, and communication satellite. Since the waveguide slot array antenna does not need a separate feeder because the waveguide plays a role of a radiator and a feeder at the same time, the waveguide is generally light and can reduce the loss caused by the feeder and the efficiency of the antenna is also very high. In addition, unlike an antenna using a dielectric, it is made of only metal, so that a large amount of power can be radiated, and the waveguide itself can be used as a supporting structure. The waveguide slotted array antenna is disclosed in detail in US Patent Publication US20100001916, US Patent Publication US5638079, and Korean Patent Publication 2010-0002492.

The technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is to provide a waveguide slot array antenna, each of which includes a pair of slots having different thicknesses, which can differentially distribute and radiate electromagnetic energy according to corresponding slot thicknesses.

The waveguide slotted array antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a non-radiating surface including an energy feeding unit and a pair of radiating slots formed opposite to the non-radiating surface, and including a first radiating slot and a second radiating slot among the pair of radiating slots. Array of a plurality of antenna unit elements are formed between the radiating surface having a different thickness of the radiating slot and the non-radiating surface and the radiating surface, each of the cavity receives the energy from the feeder to supply to the pair of radiating slots It consists of.

According to an embodiment, the first radiation slot of each of the plurality of antenna unit elements has the same slot thickness as the second radiation slot of each of the other antenna unit elements symmetric with respect to the center of the array, and the plurality of antennas The second radiation slot of each of the unit elements has the same slot thickness as the first radiation slot of each of the other antenna unit elements symmetric about the center of the array.

The thickness of the first radiation slot is 0.45λ, the thickness of the second radiation slot may be implemented as 0.35λ.

Is the operating wavelength of the waveguide slot array antenna.

In some embodiments, each of the plurality of antenna unit elements has a distance of about 0.7λ between the first radiation slot and the second radiation slot.

Each of the plurality of antenna unit elements has an inclination of about 45 ° for each of the first and second radiation slots.

The waveguide slot array antenna is configured to operate in the frequency band of about 200 Hz to 11 Hz.

The waveguide slotted array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention does not need to have a separate distribution means for differential distribution of energy, and it is possible to differentially distribute the energy through the radiation slots of different thicknesses, thereby facilitating the manufacture of the antenna. It works.

The detailed description of each drawing is provided in order to provide a thorough understanding of the drawings referred to in the detailed description of the invention.
1 shows an internal configuration of a waveguide slotted array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an internal configuration of a first unit element of the waveguide slot array antenna illustrated in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an internal configuration of a second unit element of the waveguide slot array antenna illustrated in FIG. 1.
4 is a view for explaining the electromagnetic energy supplied to each of the unit elements of the waveguide slot array antenna shown in FIG.
5 is a diagram illustrating an internal configuration of a waveguide slot array antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an internal configuration of a third unit element of the waveguide slot array antenna illustrated in FIG. 5.

It is to be understood that the specific structural or functional descriptions of embodiments of the present invention disclosed herein are only for the purpose of illustrating embodiments of the inventive concept, But may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

Embodiments in accordance with the concepts of the present invention are capable of various modifications and may take various forms, so that the embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail herein. It should be understood, however, that it is not intended to limit the embodiments according to the concepts of the present invention to the particular forms disclosed, but includes all modifications, equivalents, or alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

The terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various elements, but the elements should not be limited by the terms. The terms are intended to distinguish one element from another, for example, without departing from the scope of the invention in accordance with the concepts of the present invention, the first element may be termed the second element, The second component may also be referred to as a first component.

When a component is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another component, it may be directly connected to or connected to that other component, but it may be understood that other components may be present in between. Should be. On the other hand, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that there are no other elements in between. Other expressions that describe the relationship between components, such as "between" and "between" or "neighboring to" and "directly adjacent to" should be interpreted as well.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this specification, the terms "comprises" or "having", etc. are intended to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, parts or combinations thereof, , Steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, as a matter of principle.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries are to be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning of the context in the relevant art and, unless explicitly defined herein, are to be interpreted as ideal or overly formal Do not.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 illustrates an internal configuration diagram of a waveguide slot array antenna according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 illustrates an internal configuration diagram of a first unit element of the waveguide slot array antenna illustrated in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 1 shows the internal configuration of the second unit element of the waveguide slot array antenna shown in FIG.

1 to 3, the waveguide slotted array antenna 10 includes a plurality of first unit elements 100-1 to 100-3 and a plurality of second unit elements 100-4 to 100-6. Is implemented as an array of.

In this case, the plurality of first unit elements 100-1 to 100-3 and the plurality of second unit elements 100-4 to 100-6 are equal to each other on the left and right sides with respect to the central axis N. Can be implemented symmetrically.

The waveguide slotted array antenna 10 shown in FIG. 1 has three second unit elements 100 on the right side of three first unit elements 100-1 to 100-3 on the left side with respect to the central axis N. FIG. -4 to 100-6), but is implemented as a total of six unit elements, but is not limited to this may be implemented by more or less unit elements according to the design.

1 to 3 illustrate only the inside of the waveguide slot array antenna 10, the first unit element 100-1, and the second unit element 100-4 except for the upper cover for convenience of description.

In addition, since the structures of the plurality of first unit elements 100-1 to 100-3 are the same and the structures of the plurality of second unit elements 100-4 to 100-6 are also the same, Only the first element 100-1 of the one unit elements 100-1 to 100-3 and the fourth element 100-4 of the plurality of second unit elements 100-4 to 100-6 are shown. Will be explained.

Generally, waveguide means a kind of transmission path for transmitting high frequency electrical energy or signal over microwave, and it is the center that uses air as an insulator to overcome dielectric loss of coaxial line and cause conductor loss. Transmission line with conductor removed.

As the waveguide, a rectangular waveguide having a rectangular cross section is mainly used. Although the rectangular waveguide is exemplarily described in the present specification, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the waveguide may be implemented as a circular waveguide. .

On the other hand, the waveguide is characterized by a high pass filter (High Pass Filter) and a characteristic that can not transmit radio waves of longer than the cutoff wavelength (Cutoff Wavelength).

In contrast to electromagnetic waves propagating in free space, the TEM mode (Transverse Electromagnetic Mode) is used as the transmission mode (transmission mode) to transport the electromagnetic energy. Electron energy is transported in either Electric Mode or Transverse Magnetic Mode.

At this time, the TE mode is a wave in which only the electric field (E) is completely perpendicular to the traveling direction, and the magnetic field (H) is a wave having components in the traveling direction, and in the TM mode, only the magnetic field (H) is in the traveling direction. It is a wave that is completely perpendicular to the field and the electric field E is a component having a traveling direction component.

An antenna that makes a slot on the wall of the waveguide and then feeds the slot to act as a radiator of radio waves is called a waveguide slot antenna.

Referring to FIG. 2, the first element 100-1 includes a non-radiating surface 200, a radiation surface 300, and a cavity 400.

The non-radiating surface 200 of the first element 100-1 includes a feeder 230, and an external signal, for example, electromagnetic energy, is applied through the feeder 230, and the applied electromagnetic energy may be described later as the cavity 400. It is supplied to the radiation surface 300 through the).

The radiation surface 300 is formed to face the non-radiation surface 200 and includes a pair of radiation slots 330 and 350.

In this case, each of the pair of radiating slots 330 and 350 may be formed to have different thicknesses W1 and W2.

According to an embodiment, the thickness w1 of the first radiation slot 330 is about 0.45λ (1.76 mm), and the thickness w2 of the second radiation slot 350 is about 0.35λ (1.36 mm). It can be formed as.

The lambda is a wavelength for the operation of the waveguide slot array antenna 10. According to an embodiment, the frequency band of the operating wavelength lambda of the antenna may be set to about 2 Hz to 110 Hz.

The reason why each of the pair of radiating slots 330 and 350 are formed to have different thicknesses w1 and w2 is that the greater the thickness of the slot, the more electromagnetic energy can be distributed and radiated.

Therefore, since the slot thickness w1 of the first radiation slot 330 is implemented to be larger than the slot thickness w2 of the second radiation slot 350, the electromagnetic energy radiation through the first radiation slot 330 is the second radiation Greater than the electromagnetic energy radiation through the slot 350.

In addition, the difference in the amount of electromagnetic energy radiation between the slots 330 and 350 may be variously implemented according to the design of the thickness of the pair of radiation slots 330 and 350.

According to an embodiment, the distance L between the first radiation slot 330 and the second radiation slot 350 may be about 0.5λ to 0.9λ, and the first radiation slot 330 and the second radiation The slope of each of the slots 350 may be formed from about 30 ° to about 60 °.

In addition, according to an embodiment, the height H of the non-radiating surface 200 and the radiation surface 300 may be each 1.4 mm, and the distance D between the non-radiation surface 200 and the radiation surface 300 may be about. It can be formed to 1.7mm.

On the other hand, the cavity 400 is formed between the non-radiating surface 200 and the radiation surface 300, a pair of radiating slots (330, 350) applied to the electromagnetic energy applied from the feed portion 230 of the non-radiating surface 200 To supply.

In this case, the cavity 400 is a simple structure, for example, a rectangular cavity surrounded by a conductor wall, and when the microwave is excited in the cavity 400, the cavity 400 resonates at a specific frequency defined by the shape or size of the conductor wall. .

Therefore, the waveguide slotted array antenna 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention does not need to have distribution means for differential distribution of separate energy, for example, a partition wall, etc., through the simple structure of the cavity 400. There is an advantage that the antenna manufacturing is greatly facilitated.

In addition, since the electromagnetic energy transmitted through the cavity 400 is supplied to a pair of radiation slots 330 and 350 having different thicknesses, the waveguide slot array antenna 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention is different from each other. Through a pair of radiating slots 330 and 350 having a thickness, electromagnetic energy may be distributed and radiated differently according to corresponding slot thicknesses w1 and w2.

Referring to FIG. 3, the fourth element 100-4 may include the non-radiating surface 500, the radiation surface 600, and the cavity 700 similarly to the first element 100-1 shown in FIG. 2. Include.

The non-radiating surface 500 includes a feeding part 530, and an external signal, for example, electromagnetic energy, is applied through the feeding part 530, and the applied electromagnetic energy is supplied to the radiation surface 600 through the cavity 700. .

The radiation surface 600 is formed to face the non-radiation surface 500, and includes a pair of radiation slots 630 and 650, and each of the pair of radiation slots 630 and 650 is formed to have a different thickness. .

For example, the thickness w3 of the third radiation slot 630 is about 0.35λ (1.36 mm), and the thickness w4 of the fourth radiation slot 650 is about 0.45λ (1.76 mm). Can be.

Therefore, since the slot thickness w4 of the fourth radiation slot 650 is implemented to be larger than the slot thickness w3 of the third radiation slot 630, the electromagnetic energy radiation amount through the third radiation slot 630 is fourth radiation. Less than the electromagnetic energy radiation through the slot 650.

In this case, λ is a wavelength for the operation of the waveguide slot array antenna 10 as described above, and according to an embodiment, the frequency band of the operating wavelength λ of the antenna may be set to about 2 Hz to 110 Hz.

According to an embodiment, the difference in the amount of electromagnetic energy radiation between the slots 630 and 650 may be variously implemented according to the design of the thickness of the pair of radiation slots 630 and 650.

According to an embodiment, the distance L between the third radiation slot 630 and the fourth radiation slot 650 may be about 0.5λ to 0.9λ, and the third radiation slot 630 and the fourth radiation slot may be formed. The slope of each of the slots 650 may be formed from about 30 ° to about 60 °.

In addition, according to an embodiment, the height H of the non-radiating surface 500 and the radiating surface 600 may be each 1.4 mm, and the distance D between the non-radiating surface 500 and the radiating surface 600 is about. It can be formed to 1.7mm.

Similar to the cavity 400 of the first element 100-1, the cavity 700 of the second element 100-4 has a simple structure, such as a conductor wall, between the non-radiating surface 500 and the radiating surface 600. It is formed as a cavity of a rectangular shape surrounded by the supplied, and supplies the electromagnetic energy applied from the feed portion 530 of the non-radiating surface 500 to a pair of radiation slots (630, 650).

As described above, the electromagnetic energy transmitted through the cavity 700 is supplied to a pair of radiating slots 630 and 650 having different thicknesses, and the pair of radiating slots 630 and 650 having different thicknesses is provided. Through differently distributed and radiated according to the corresponding slot thickness (w3, w4).

Referring back to FIG. 1, the waveguide slotted array antenna 10 includes the first unit elements 100-1, 100-2, and 100-3 and the second unit elements 100-with respect to the central axis N. Referring to FIG. 4, 100-5 and 100-6) are symmetrically arranged.

At this time, each of the first unit elements 100-1, 100-2, and 100-3 and the first unit elements 100-1, 100-2, and 100-3 are respectively based on the central axis N. FIG. Electromagnetic energies supplied to the feeder of each of the second unit elements 100-6, 100-5, and 100-4 that are symmetrical to each other may be applied differently.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for describing electromagnetic energy supplied to each of the unit elements of the waveguide slot array antenna shown in FIG. 1.

Referring to FIG. 4, the first element 100-1 and the second unit elements 100-4, 100-5, and 100-of the first unit elements 100-1, 100-2, and 100-3 are shown. 6, the first electromagnetic energy E1 is applied to the sixth element 100-6, and the second element 100-2 of the first unit elements 100-1, 100-2, and 100-3 is applied. The second electromagnetic energy E2 is applied to the fifth element 100-5 of the second unit elements 100-4, 100-5, and 100-6, and the first unit elements 100-1, The third electromagnetic energy of the third element 100-3 and the fourth element 100-4 of the second unit elements 100-4, 100-5, and 100-6 of 100-2 and 100-3). (E3) is applied.

According to an embodiment, the magnitudes of the first electromagnetic energy E1, the second electromagnetic energy E2, and the third electromagnetic energy E3 may be set differently, in particular, from the first electromagnetic energy E1 to the second electromagnetic energy. The energy may be sequentially increased in order of energy E2 and third electromagnetic energy E3.

When the magnitude of the electromagnetic energy is increased and applied as described above, a desired beam pattern of the antenna, for example, a beam pattern for suppressing the side lobe level, can be formed based on the central axis N.

According to an embodiment, the number of first unit elements and second unit elements arranged on both sides of the antenna may be configured to form a desired beam of the antenna.

As a result, as described above, the waveguide slotted array antenna 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of first unit elements 100-1 to 100-3 and a plurality of second unit elements 100-4 to 100-6) Each cavity can be implemented as a simple structure of a rectangular shape, there is an advantage that the antenna manufacturing is significantly easier.

In addition, a plurality of unit elements including a pair of slots (w1, w2 or w3, w4) having different thicknesses may be symmetrically arranged with respect to the central axis (N) to distribute electron energy according to corresponding slot thicknesses. Therefore, there is an effect that can easily form a desired beam pattern.

FIG. 5 illustrates an internal configuration diagram of the waveguide slot array antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 illustrates an internal configuration diagram of the third unit element of the waveguide slot array antenna illustrated in FIG. 5.

5 and 6, the waveguide slotted array antenna 10-1 is different from the waveguide slotted array antenna 10 shown in FIG. 1, and has a third unit element on the left and right sides with respect to the central axis N. FIG. After (100-7) is arranged, the first unit elements 100-1 and 100-2 and the second unit elements 100-5 and 100-6 are arranged.

At this time, the third unit element 100-7 is a non-radiating surface 800, a radial surface similar to the first unit element 100-1 or the second unit element 100-4 shown in FIG. 2 or 3. It has a structure that includes a 900 and the cavity 990.

However, unlike the first unit element 100-1 or the second unit element 100-4, the pair of slots included in the radiation surface 900 of the third unit element 100-7 is a pair of radiations. The thickness W7 of the slots 930 and 950 is implemented to be the same.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to one embodiment shown in the drawings, this is merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible therefrom. Therefore, the true technical protection scope of the present invention will be defined by the technical spirit of the appended claims.

10: waveguide slot array antenna
100-1 to 100-3: first unit element
100-4 to 100-6: second unit element
200, 500: non-radiative
230, 530: feeder
300, 600: radial
330: first radiation slot
350: second radiation slot
630: third radiation slot
650: fourth radiation slot
400, 700: cavity

Claims (6)

A non-radiative surface comprising an energy feeder;
A radiation surface formed opposite to the non-radiation surface and including a pair of radiation slots, wherein the first and second radiation slots of the pair of radiation slots have different thicknesses; And
And a cavity formed between the non-radiative surface and the radiation surface, the cavity receiving energy from the feeder and supplying the energy to the pair of radiation slots, each of which comprises an array of antenna unit elements. The method of claim 1, wherein the first radiation slot of each of the plurality of antenna unit elements has the same slot thickness as the second radiation slot of each of the other antenna unit elements symmetric about the center of the array, The second radiation slot of each of the antenna unit elements has a slot thickness equal to the first radiation slot of each of the other antenna unit elements symmetric about the center of the array. The waveguide slotted array antenna of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the first radiation slot is 0.45λ, the thickness of the second radiation slot is 0.35λ, and λ is an operating wavelength of the waveguide slot array antenna. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of antenna unit elements,
And a separation distance between the first radiation slot and the second radiation slot is about 0.7 lambda, wherein lambda is an operating wavelength of the waveguide slot array antenna. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of antenna unit elements,
A waveguide slotted array antenna having an inclination of approximately 45 ° in each of the first radiation slot and the second radiation slot. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the waveguide slot array antenna comprises:
A waveguide slot array antenna operating in the frequency band of about 2 Hz to 110 Hz.

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