KR20130001828A - Vertical cylindrical multi-stage continuous aero-fermentation equipment for the production of compost from the organic compounds of food wastes, livestock manure and so on - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A vertical cylindrical multi-stage continuous aero-fermentation apparatus is provided to minimize generation of bad smells, to occupy small area and to minimize energy consumption and cost. CONSTITUTION: A vertical cylindrical multi-stage continuous aero-fermentation apparatus comprises an inlet which consists of four to six layers and is for injecting raw material such as livestock sludge. A centrifugal agitating wing(104) for mixing and a circumference agitating wing(105) for mixing in a circumference direction is arranged on the each layer. In order to maintain optimum moisture concentration and oxygen concentration, an air supplier is installed on each layer. Exhaust gas including bed smelling gas is passed to a deodorizing treatment device through an outlet of each layer.

Description

Vertical cylindrical multi-stage continuous aero-fermentation equipment for the production of compost from the organic compounds of food wastes, livestock manure and so on}

The present invention is a by-product organic compost in aerobic conditions by adding food waste or organic waste such as livestock manure and beverages, food factory wastewater treatment sludge cakes, rice husks, agricultural wastes for the control of moisture and carbon / nitrogen ratio As a main equipment during the production process, it relates to an energy-saving, economical and constructable vertical cylindrical aerobic multistage continuous fermentation apparatus.

Composting has been made in farmhouses since ancient times. The composting method has been carried out by the farmers' self-sufficient needs. It was a traditional method of fertilization that produced very high quality compost after a month of anaerobic fermentation.

In the 20th century, the generation of organic wastes such as food waste and livestock manure increased, and the composting method was applied to the disposal of these wastes. Therefore, anaerobic treatment requires aerobic treatment because of the slow composting rate. Accordingly, aerobic fermenters of various structures have been developed. As fermenters, various types of fermenters have been developed, such as beast type, rotary kiln type, auger type, multi-stage type, silo type, etc., but fermenters composed of a number of mechanically mixed open type structures are most commonly used.

The fermentation apparatus, which is the main process of conventional food waste treatment or organic compost production, is composed of a primary fermentation tank and a secondary fermentation tank, and the primary fermentation tank is composed of 8 to 16 concrete structures, and the water content is increased by natural evaporation for about 15 days. After fermentation with primary fermentation, it is fermented by aerobic fermentation for about 6 days in a secondary fermenter consisting of a plurality of structures of mechanical mixing type. Therefore, it occupies a lot of land area, has a large amount of air pollutant emissions, and the wastewater spills out from the bottom of the fermenter, which is a target of complaints due to the occurrence of odors around. Recently, instead of adjusting the water content by natural evaporation, the water content is adjusted by forcibly evaporating water within 24 hours by the circulating heat of the heating medium boiler, but the area is smaller than natural evaporation, but it consumes energy. .

In the case of the ripened fermentation tank, the prior art fermentation is carried out for more than 20 days in a building or outside a building, and is periodically agitated by a payloader or the like, which takes up a lot of land area and requires a long fermentation period due to anaerobic fermentation. .

As a representative treatment method of manure discharged from small and medium-sized livestock farms, especially pig farms in Korea, it is processed by agitator composting, purification, liquefaction, and ocean discharge. Difficulties in proper treatment due to the strengthening of pollution regulations. In particular, the proper treatment of the liquid manure produced as a by-product in the mechanical compost production facilities is absolutely necessary, but the treatment of by-product manure is not complete at present. In the case of sludge cakes containing organic matter, the recycling rate is very low due to landfill treatment or disposal by ocean dumping.

The present invention is a high-cost expenditure for reducing the environmental pollution due to excessive use of the land area, odorous substances and leachate overdose with the conventional mechanical stirring composting method, frequent complaints, deterioration as a fertilizer due to unripe compost production In order to completely solve the technical problems of productivity and environmental pollution, we developed a vertical cylindrical aerobic multi-stage continuous fermentation system that recycles organic waste such as food waste and livestock manure to produce low-cost, mature homogeneous compost.

In order to adjust the optimum fermentation conditions in the conventional mechanical agitation composting method, the method of adjusting the moisture content by natural evaporation takes 15 days or more by primary fermentation and takes up a lot of land area. It is disadvantageous in that the amount of generation is large and the treatment facility is large. Even when the moisture content is adjusted by forcibly evaporating water due to the circulating heat of the heat medium boiler, although the amount of land area and the generation of air pollutants can be reduced, it is inevitable that energy consumption is high.

Therefore, the vertical cylindrical aerobic multistage continuous fermentation apparatus of the present invention can be adjusted to the optimum fermentation conditions by appropriately adjusting the feed rate of raw materials and the final product, so that no pretreatment equipment is required and no leachate is generated.

Conventional fermentation system is a fermentation tank consisting of a multi-concrete structure of a mechanical mixing type, occupies a lot of land area, has a large amount of air pollutant emission, and the wastewater is severely leaked from the bottom of the fermenter. There is a problem. The fermentation tank having a forced evaporation-type closed structure is also batch-type and consists of the required number of fermentation tanks for a fermentation time of 6 days or more. In addition, in the mechanically mixed open type or batch fermentation tank, it is difficult to adjust the operating conditions corresponding to the change of the organic decomposition rate.

Therefore, the vertical cylindrical aerobic multi-stage continuous fermentation apparatus of the present invention is a vertical cylindrical type consisting of four or more stages in order to adjust the discharge amount of each stage, so that the fermentation time of 6 to 20 days or more can be arbitrarily adjusted to minimize the site. Areas and the amount of air pollutants are minimized. In addition, separate air supply and exhaust pipes are installed at each stage, enabling the control system to automatically adjust the operating conditions such as pH, oxygen concentration and temperature to maintain the best organic decomposition rate in each stage.

Post fermentation tanks for maturity in conventional compost production processes require a lot of land because fermentation time of 50 to 60 days is required for complete fermentation of chaff or sawdust, which is mostly used as a moisture control agent. It is fermented under anaerobic conditions until the flipping operation is performed, and operation for optimum fermentation rate is also impossible.

Therefore, since the fermentation apparatus of the present invention can be used in the post-fermentation process, it has a structure that automatically adjusts operating conditions such as oxygen concentration and temperature so that two tanks can maintain the best organic decomposition rate in each stage for sufficient fermentation time. The fermentation time can be adjusted according to the degree of fermentation to produce the best homogeneous organic compost.

The best advantage of the present invention is an aerobic continuous fermentation apparatus used in the compost production process using food waste, livestock manure and sludge and is an economical equipment that takes up less land area in an energy saving type. In addition, since the amount of odor generated during operation is minimized, it can not only block odor complaints, but also minimize the burden of installing and operating costs of odor treatment facilities.

Representative view is a structural diagram showing a multi-stage continuous fermentation apparatus of the present invention
1 is a stirring device for mixing the reactants in the fermentor
Figure 2 is a scraper to scrape the reaction material at the bottom of each stage in the fermenter
Figure 3 is a screw conveyor for sending a reaction material from the top to the bottom in the fermenter
4 is an air supply pipe for maintaining aerobic conditions in the fermenter

Referring to the configuration of the aerobic multi-stage continuous fermentation apparatus of the present invention in detail with reference to the following.

Raw materials such as food waste or livestock manure and sludge are introduced to the top through the inlet 101 of the fermentation apparatus 10 of the present invention. Fermentation apparatus of the present invention is a vertical cylindrical aerobic multi-stage continuous fermentation apparatus (representative diagram) is composed of four to six stages, each stage in the circumferential direction and centrifugal stirring blade (104, Figure 1) for mixing in the center direction Circumferential stir blades for mixing (105, Fig. 1), each stage bottom scraper (106, Fig. 2) to scrape the reactants toward the discharge port and screw-type discharge device (107, Fig. 3) that can adjust the discharge amount by the rotational speed ) Are installed respectively. In addition, the air supply unit 108 (Fig. 4) is installed to maintain the optimum moisture concentration and oxygen concentration in each stage, and the exhaust gas containing the odor gas is sent to the deodorization treatment facility through the outlet 109 of each stage. Lose. The fermentation time depends on the fermentation degree of the first fermented compost discharged by the screw conveyor 11 from the fermentation apparatus 10, according to the input amount of raw materials and the circulation ratio of the final product. 6 to 20 days can be arbitrarily adjusted by adjusting the rotational speed of the screw type discharge device 107 (Fig. 3).

The rotational speeds of the centrifugal stirring blade 104 and the circumferential stirring blade 105 were such that the rotation speed could be arbitrarily adjusted by the reduction gear of the stirring motor 103.

In the multi-stage continuous fermentation apparatus 10, compost having the primary fermentation of about 55% of moisture content can be transferred to the ripening apparatus for treatment.

The vertical cylindrical aerobic multi-stage continuous fermentation apparatus of the present invention can simultaneously handle livestock waste treatment and food waste treatment in small scale livestock or agricultural livestock complexes, as well as large-scale food waste recycling facilities that require large-capacity treatment facilities depending on the size of the processing capacity. It is a device that can be distributed to small and medium resource facilities.

(10): vertical cylindrical aerobic multistage continuous fermenter
(101): food waste, livestock manure, etc. raw materials and return products
(102): axis of rotation
(103): shaft rotation motor and reducer
(104): centrifugal stirring blades for mixing in the central direction
(105): circumferential stirring blades for circumferential mixing
(106): scraper scraping the reactants towards the outlet at the bottom of each stage
107: screw-type discharge device capable of adjusting the discharge amount at each stage
(108): Air supply to maintain optimum water and oxygen concentrations at each stage
(108-1): subjective air supply
(108-2): branch pipe to supply air
(108-3): valve to adjust the air supply
109: exhaust gas outlet including odor gas
(11): screw conveyor for discharging primary fermentation compost

Claims (1)

Centrifugal agitator blades for mixing in the center direction of each stage in the fermenter for the purpose of producing compost from raw materials such as food waste, manure containing organic matter, rice husks, beverages, and sludge cakes from food factories. ) And circumferential stir blade 105 for mixing in the circumferential direction, a scraper 106 for scraping the reactants toward the discharge port at the bottom of each stage, and a screw-type discharge apparatus 107 for adjusting the discharge amount by the rotational speed, each stage Vertical cylindrical aerobic multi-stage continuous fermentation apparatus having an air supply unit 108 and an exhaust gas outlet 109 containing odor gas to maintain the optimum water and oxygen concentrations every time.

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