KR20120136390A - Valve assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a valve assembly, comprising a valve assembly disposed in a gas channel (8) and comprising a valve (4) having a valve disc (6) and a valve stem (7) supporting the valve disc and having a cooling device. In a simple structure, high functional safety and good energy balance are achieved, by means of the use of a refrigerant consisting of components in gaseous form or at least partly convertible to gaseous form, the refrigerant being a gas comprising at least one discharge chamber ( Discarded via gas 17 to gas channel 8, for this purpose each of the waste lines 19 extending from discharge chamber 17 initiates a valve assembly which opens to gas channel 8.

Description

VALVE ASSEMBLY {VALVE ASSEMBLY}

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a valve assembly, the valve assembly comprising a valve, disposed in a gas channel of an engine, in particular a two-stroke large diesel engine, having a valve disc and a valve stem for supporting the valve disc, the cooling device A cooling device having at least one flow path through which the refrigerant is supplied and extending within the valve, wherein the flow path is range limited by the valve stem and at least one supply to which the refrigerant can be provided. And a valve assembly in communication with the chamber and at least one discharge chamber range-limited by the valve stem, from which the at least one waste line extends. The invention also relates to an engine having a valve housing, a valve, a guide bush for the valve assembly of the type mentioned above, and a valve assembly of the type mentioned above.

An assembly of the type mentioned above is known, for example, from DK 173 452 B1. In the above document, the cooling device is provided with coolant, which is branched from the engine side coolant circuit and fed back to the coolant circuit. The supply and discharge chambers must be reliably sealed to the valve stem in order to prevent cooling water leakage, which requires high costs. It should also be assumed that the lower seals facing the gas channels in the discharge valve assembly are exposed to high thermal loads, which adversely affects valve assembly life. In addition, the flesh that fits into the coolant can damage the lubrication film produced on the valve stem, which can also shorten the life of the entire assembly.

Another disadvantage of the known assemblies is that the heat released by the cooling water is lost, as well as to be disposed of in the cooling apparatus, which can adversely affect the total efficiency of the engine with the known assembly. . In a similar assembly known from DE 102 49 941 B4 it has already been attempted to prevent the release of too much heat by periodically shutting off the cooling water flow. Such attempts, however, added structural complexity without preventing the other drawbacks of the form mentioned above.

 From JP 54-10840 a discharge valve is provided which is arranged in a four-stroke engine and cooled by air. However, this air is not returned to the discharge chamber but is treated at the discharge valve. That is to say the valve disc is provided with a borehole which opens downward or outwardly in the valve seat area, through which the cooling air used is discharged.

Disc side boreholes inevitably result in significant weakening of the valve, which weakening has to be compensated for through other reinforcement, which makes the construction more complicated. There is also a risk in the known assembly that the air exiting the valve seat area can reach the working chamber when the valve is opened or obstruct exhaust gas emissions.

Therefore, starting from this point, the present invention aims to improve the assembly of the type mentioned earlier, while not only achieving a simple structure and reliable cooling performance, but also at the same time preventing a wide range of energy loss.

It is an object of this invention to supply a gaseous refrigerant in the flow path of a cooling device extending within the valve in accordance with the invention, which flows into the region of the gas exchange channel adjacent thereto via at least one discharge chamber and a waste line. Can be achieved. Correspondingly, each provided waste line opens to the upper region spaced from the valve seat in the gas channel. A valve housing having a through cavity for the valve, provided in this one gas channel and the upper boundary region of the channel, is characterized in that it has at least one flow path between the through cavity and the gas exchange channel. The valve according to the invention is characterized in that it is suitable for providing a medium in gaseous form or at least partly in gaseous form, in particular cooling air.

The concept of gaseous refrigerant here is that the refrigerant may first be entirely in gaseous form or may additionally comprise elements which can be included in the gaseous refrigerant to be converted into gaseous form, or even entirely composed of such elements. It should be understood that. Correspondingly, the refrigerant is first composed of elements which are at least partly in gaseous form and / or at least partly switchable in gaseous form. At this time, a modification with a gaseous refrigerant as a whole is common. In either case, the refrigerant is in gaseous form when it reaches the gas channel.

By using a gaseous refrigerant in the above meaning, it is possible to dispose of the refrigerant through a gas channel, which can preferably be any type of gas exchange channel, thereby omitting the inherent waste device, thereby simplifying the structure. At the same time, the heat received by the refrigerant is not lost, but rather is provided to the mass flow through the gas channel, which mass flow can be used to drive a unit such as an exhaust gas turbine. It is also ensured that the cooling gas enters the upper region of the gas channel so that the gas exchange process is not disturbed by the incoming cooling gas. In particular, minor leaks of gaseous refrigerants are harmless, thereby eliminating the strict sealing of the gap between the valve stem and the guide bush disposed on the valve stem and facing the gas channel, which not only simplifies the structure but also the lubrication film. Another advantage is the protection and correspondingly favorable effect on the overall lifetime. This advantage is achieved through the following: in the region of the guide bush in which the cooling gas is provided and which is limited in scope by the valve stem is located in the region of the guide bush, which is located adjacent to the gas channel, thereby upwards from this region. The guide area located at is further strengthened by being protected. It can also be assumed that the cooling gas exiting the gas channel through the waste line and in some cases the leak gaps automatically cleans and keeps the mentioned flow paths free of obstruction. This self-cleaning effect ensures high functional stability.

Improved embodiments consistent with the preferred embodiments and the above measures are presented in the patent claims dependent claims.

In accordance with the object, the present invention is used in conjunction with a discharge valve disposed in the discharge chamber. In this way the advantages described above work particularly well.

A further preferred measure may be for the opening of the waste line to open in the gas channel in the direction in which gas flows from the valve in the direction of gas flow in the gas channel and point in the gas flow direction. The opening of the waste line is arranged in such a direction that the gas flows such that combustion products cannot easily reach the waste line from the gas channel. Also a certain absorption effect is achieved at this time, which assists the flow of cooling gas in its section through the cooling device.

According to the purpose, the supply chamber and the discharge chamber are arranged mutually offset from the circumference of the valve stem. These chambers can then preferably be arranged at the same height, which ensures a compact structure.

For the purpose, the height of the supply chamber and the discharge chamber can be at least equal to the lifting of the valve, including the axial inner width of the inlet or outlet of the valve side flow section. This allows the refrigerant to flow through continuously without interruption in the mentioned flow section.

A further preferred measure is that the valve can be rotated about its own axis by means of a rotating device, the inlet and outlet of the valve side flow section being arranged, with at least the inlet and outlet being arranged in communication with the supply chamber or the discharge chamber, respectively. Can be in. The rotation of the valve preferably causes the inlet and outlet sides to interchange, with the warm and cold sides interchanging, thereby making the temperature inside the valve homogeneous.

According to the purpose, the at least one supply chamber and the at least one discharge chamber can be arranged facing each other with respect to the valve axis, preferably oppositely opposite, with the discharge chamber preferably facing the output of the gas channel. It can be placed on the side. This arrangement makes it easy to achieve these advantages.

A further purposeful measure is that the supply and discharge chambers, which are arranged mutually offset from the circumference of the valve stem, are separated from each other via a web, the area being separated by at least the inlet and outlet of the valve side flow section. To match the inner width. In this way, continuous flow is prevented.

Preferably the valve disc may have a ring channel extending in at least one circumferential direction, which ring channel is at least one with at least one associated feed branch of the valve side flow section, respectively, through a branch line. Is associated with the associated withdrawal branch of. This reliably dissipates heat, particularly from the valve region, which is heavily thermally loaded.

According to a particularly preferred refinement of the invention air is used as the cooling gas, which can be diverted from the feeder arranged in the engine in accordance with the purpose. The supply device generally includes a compressor and a cooler disposed behind the compressor, with air diverging behind the compressor, preferably between the compressor and the cooler, in accordance with the purpose. Compressed air preferably has a high density and a high flow rate, which favors the cooling performance. If the air branches off before cooling, a relatively high moisture content can be expected, which further aids in cooling performance. A sufficient temperature difference is formed with the exhaust gas temperature that is generally exposed to the valve without cooling the air.

At least one element, preferably each element, of the valve assembly according to the invention may consist mainly of a metallic mixture material, which in turn has a number of individual substances. At least the recorded spectral profile of the pure component of these individual materials is the same as the mixture of the corresponding element (s) of the valve assembly. This allows for later classification of elements according to established criteria. In order to support this advantage, additionally or alternatively, at least one element according to the invention is provided with a display device which is preferably externally readable, preferably assembled in each element, from which the size tolerance The element (s) are classified according to parameters such as assembly date and / or life expectancy. This indication is in particular contactless readable and can preferably be arranged in an electronically readable memory chip, for example an RFID chip. This arrangement makes it particularly easy to check and, in addition, simplifies not only maintenance and / or repairs, but also the approval procedures required in most cases.

Further preferred embodiments of the above measures and improvement embodiments consistent with the purpose can be deduced in more detail in the following description of the embodiments presented in the remaining dependent claims and using the figures.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a cut away top region of an engine cylinder including a discharge valve associated with a seated discharge valve housing;
2 is a cross-sectional view of the lower region of the discharge valve cut out.
3 to 6 are schematic diagrams illustrating a number of embodiments of the arrangement of the supply chamber and the discharge chamber and the flow section in communication with these chambers and provided to the valve side.

The main application area of the present invention is the discharge valve assembly of a large two-stroke engine, in particular a two-stroke large diesel engine, for use in ship driving and the like. Engines of that kind generally have inlet grooves for new combustion gases arranged in the lower region of each cylinder, and exhaust gas outlets located in the center of the cylinder cover of each cylinder, with one valve at the exhaust outlet. Is placed. Discharge valves arranged in the upper region of the cylinder then experience particularly strong thermal loads, so cooling is useful.

The cylinder 1 shown in FIG. 1 limits the working chamber 2, and the working chamber 2 draws the cleaning gas through an inlet groove that is also controllable by a piston, not shown, in its lower region, not shown. Supplied, the upper boundary of the working chamber comprises an exhaust gas outlet 3. This exhaust gas outlet is arranged with a discharge valve, which is formed as a lift valve and hereinafter referred to as valve 4, which discharge valve is a valve disc 6 which cooperates with a valve seat 5 surrounding the exhaust gas outlet, where From the valve stem 7 extending upwards. The exhaust gas outlet 3 is connected to a bent gas channel through which a valve stem 7 penetrates, referred to as gas exchange channel 8 in the following description. This gas channel here serves as an exhaust channel. The cylinder cover 9, which forms the upper boundary of the working chamber 2, is seated with a valve housing 10 arranged in the valve 4, in which a bent gas exchange channel 8 is embedded, and a gas exchange channel. On the valve 4 is guided by its stem 7. To this end the valve housing 10 is provided in the upper boundary region of the gas exchange channel 8 and has a through cavity 11 arranged coaxially with respect to the exhaust gas outlet 3, for example in the through cavity. A guide bush 12 is inserted in which the stem 7 penetrates and the lower end reaches up to the gas exchange channel 8. An actuating device seated in the valve housing 10 for operation of the valve 4, which is formed as a lift valve, may be provided, which is not shown in detail here. The valve housing 10 together with the valve 4 is referred to hereinafter as a gas exchange valve assembly. The depicted structure of the gas exchange valve assembly is, of course, illustrative. Naturally, the individual parts may have different shapes and / or different positions or may be mutually integrated to some extent, so that mutual contact surfaces and boundaries may have another pattern and / or another position or may be omitted entirely. .

The valve 4 has a cooling device to prevent overheating of the valve disc 6. For this purpose a flow path 13 is provided which extends inside the valve 4 and is depicted in FIG. 1 as a flow arrow and forms a cooling loop, which may be provided with a refrigerant. This flow path 13 communicates with at least one supply chamber 15 formed as a recess of the guide bush 12 via at least one radial inlet 14 provided at one side to the valve side, and the other On the side, it communicates with at least one discharge chamber 17 which is also formed as a recess of the guide bush 12 via at least one radial outlet 16 provided to the valve side. Feed chamber 15 and discharge chamber 17 are through cavities 11 which receive guide bush 12 in the example shown radially outwardly by valve stem 7 in the radial direction and outward in the radial direction. Range is limited by the wall of the. However, it is also possible to form another chamber 15, 17, in which the mentioned chambers are only opened inward in the radial direction and on the opposite side are bounded by the material of the guide bush 12. The chambers mentioned in this case can be formed, for example, by axial boreholes which are adjacent to each other and cut together and inserted into the guide bush 12 or its own bush. They are formed as blind holes in which their open sides are closed in accordance with the purpose. In the case of a design with two bushes, a short guide bush which is limited only to the guide area and a bush that impinges on the guide bush and includes a blind bore hole, the blind hole is automatically closed.

The lower region of the guide bush 12 adjacent the gas exchange channel 8 comprises a supply chamber and a discharge chamber 15, 17, so that a cooling device is arranged. The region of the guide bush 12 located above this lower region and facing away from the gas exchange channel 8 comprises a seal of the guide of the valve stem 7 and the guide groove. In the illustrated embodiment, no sealing device is provided in the above mentioned lower region. However, of course, not shown in detail here, stripping means surrounding the valve stem 7 are provided in the lower end region of the guide bush 12 such that contaminant particles are formed between the valve stem 7 and the guide bush 12. It can prevent the penetration into the gap.

The supply chamber 15 may be supplied with refrigerant through at least one supply line 18 formed as a borehole system provided in the valve housing 10. For this purpose, the supply line 18 is connected with a suitable refrigerant source, which is not shown in detail here. At least one discharge line 19 extends from the discharge chamber 17. The supply chambers and the discharge chambers 15, 17 are arranged so as to be mutually offset to the circumference of the valve stem 7 and to face each other in opposite directions according to the purpose. The same is true of the connections of the valve side flow path 13 which function as inlet and outlet 14 or 16. The discharge chamber 17 is then preferably located on the side of the valve 4 facing the upper end 8a of the gas exchange channel 8.

The cooling device arranged in the valve 4 is supplied with a gaseous refrigerant in accordance with the invention. The gas form here may be composed of elements that can have, for example, vaporized elements, which may have a material state in gaseous form or which can be completely or at least partially changed into gaseous form, and which are disposed of as gas, for which This means that it can enter the gas exchange channel 8 via the waste line 19. Correspondingly, the waste line 19 is simply formed as a blind hole extending from the lower end of the discharge chamber 17 and opening to the gas exchange channel 8, which blind hole 11 covers the through cavity 11. A flow path is formed between the gas exchange channel 8 and the through cavity 11 which penetrates the wall of the defining valve housing 10 and correspondingly defines the discharge chamber 17. This inevitably causes the outlet channel side opening of the waste line 19 to be located in the area facing the channel end 8a while being arranged at the largest radius of curvature of the curved gas exchange channel 8.

According to the purpose, air is used as the refrigerant. Such air may branch off from an air supply, in particular a cleaning air supply, disposed in the engine. The cleaning air supply is generally equipped with a compressor that is driven by exhaust gas and includes a cooler disposed behind. In accordance with the purpose, the air used as the refrigerant diverges at the rear of the compressor, so that the cooling air used has a high pressure and hence a high density, resulting in a high pressure and thus a high flow rate. Preferably the air is blown out in the region between the compressor and the cooler arranged behind the compressor, ie before cooling. The uncooled air then contains a lot of moisture, which improves the cooling performance. At the same time it can be presumed that the temperature of the uncooled air is also lower than the exhaust gas temperature and thus produces the temperature difference necessary for sufficient cooling of the valve 4.

 Preferably the channel side opening of the waste line 19 is the side on which air flows with respect to the valve 4, ie the opening mentioned is downstream from the valve 4 in the gas exchange channel 8 with respect to the exhaust gas flow. In the direction of flow, ie the upper end 8a of the gas exchange channel 8.

The flow path 13 extending within the valve 4 has a supply region, indicated by 13a in FIG. 2 and a recovery region, indicated by 13b. In addition, a ring line 20 extending in the circumferential direction in the valve disc 6 is provided, which is connected to the supply region 13a or the recovery region 13b by the branch line 21. The supply zone 13a is connected with the supply channel 15 through the inlet 14, and the recovery area 13b is connected with the discharge channel 17 through the outlet 16. Rotation of the valve 4 allows the rotational positions of the inlet 14 and outlet 16 to be exchanged, so that the former previously functioning as the outlet can now function as the inlet and vice versa. Is done. Accordingly, the flow direction of the refrigerant flowing through the flow path 13 is also changed. This allows the connection of the two zones 13a, 13b of the flow path 13 to be in contact with the cold supply chamber 15 or the warm discharge chamber 17 periodically, thereby allowing temperature compensation inside the entire valve 4. This is done excellently. A rotary device 22 is provided for the valve 4 to rotate, which is formed by radial vanes which are attached to the stem 7 in the example shown, which vanes the gas exchange channel 8. It is exposed to the flowing exhaust gas. However, it is also conceivable to provide a mechanical rotating device in the valve actuator region.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 to form the flow section 13, the valve 4 has a central bore hole 23 installed from the valve disc 6. This borehole is divided into several regions through one or more separating wall portions 24. The borehole 23 installed from the valve disc 6 is closed by an insert 25 welded in its lower end region, as can be seen in FIG. 2. The upper end of the borehole 23 is located at least in the region of the inlet or outlet 14 or 16, preferably somewhat above it. In the embodiment based on FIG. 2, the ring line 20 is formed from recesses manufactured from below, which recesses are subsequently closed with a ring shaped insert 26 which is welded from below.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the bore holes 23 are divided into two regions which are adjacent to each other via a separating wall 24 and are semicircular in cross section. These zones serve as the supply or withdrawal zone of the flow section 13. In each zone a radially connecting recess is arranged, which functions as an inlet 14 or an outlet 16. In this figure the outer side of the valve stem 7 is offset by 180 ° from each other, radially inwardly by the valve stem 7 and radially outwardly through the cavity 11 of the housing bush. Two chambers are provided which are limited in scope by the inner wall. One of these chambers serves as a supply chamber 15 which is connected to the supply line 18, and the other chamber functions as a discharge chamber 17. The waste line 19 extends from the discharge chamber 17. The two chambers 15, 17 are separated from each other by a web 27, the thickness of the web being at least equal to the inner width of the wall penetrations serving as the inlet 14 or outlet 16, and thus the chamber 15. Flow to the chamber 17 is prevented.

The embodiment according to FIG. 4 is provided with two separating wall portions 24 intersecting with each other, so that the cavity formed by the borehole 23 is divided into four flow regions. These four flow regions are indicated by reference numerals 13 'and 13' 'provided in pairs, and arranged in pairs in the supply region 13a or the recovery region 13b of the flow section 13. Each of the four flow regions defined by the two separating walls 24 have a connection that functions as an inlet 14 or outlet 16. Correspondingly, in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 there are two inlets 14 and two outlets 16, which are in communication with the chambers serving as supply chamber 15 or discharge chamber 17, respectively, in pairs. do.

The embodiment according to FIG. 4 is provided with two chambers which function as supply chambers 15 or discharge chambers 17, which are oppositely opposite each other on the circumference of the valve stem 7 as mentioned above. The circumferential side spacing of the two chambers at least coincides with the circumferential side spacing of the penetrating portion forming the inlets and outlets 14, 16, so that inlet 14 and outlet 16 are always present when the valve is rotated. ) Is opened. The thickness of the web 27 separating the two chambers should therefore not exceed the circumferential side spacing of the wall penetrations forming the inlets or outlets 14, 16. Circumferential side extensions of the two chambers serving as the supply chamber or the discharge chambers 15, 17 at least the circumferential side of each of the two wall penetrations respectively functioning as the inlets or outlets 14, 16 and continuing to the circumferential side Another penetration, which coincides with the spacing interval, and thus serves the same function while each one is closed, is already fully open.

The embodiment according to FIG. 5 is essentially the same as the embodiment according to FIG. 4. However, unlike FIG. 4, in this figure, two chambers, which are opposite to each other on the circumferential side and opposite to each other, function as supply chambers or discharge chambers 15 and 17 are not provided, but in the circumference of the valve stem 7. There are four chambers that are evenly distributed. These chambers each function as a supply chamber 15 and a discharge chamber 17 in pairs. It is of course conceivable that the borehole 23 is divided into four or more flow zones and / or four or more chambers are provided at the circumference of the valve stem 7. The supply lines and the discharge lines 18, 19 arranged in the supply chamber or the discharge chamber 15, 17 are precisely radially oriented with respect to the axis of the valve stem 7 in the illustrated embodiment. But another pattern is conceivable. For example, two waste lines 19 may be arranged obliquely to one another or oriented in some parallel. To be precise, two waste lines 19 can be opened to the gas exchange channel in a direction downstream with respect to the flow direction in the gas exchange channel 8.

The embodiment according to FIG. 6 is again provided with two chambers which oppose each other oppositely, one of which serves as the supply chamber 15 and the other as the discharge chamber 17. In this figure, three radial wall penetrations are evenly distributed outwards into the chambers 15 or 17 from the central bore 23 of the valve stem 7 and evenly distributed in the circumference. The portions may function as inlet 14 or outlet 15. Wall penetrations that function as inlets or outlets 14 or 15 are arranged to produce a rotating cyclone flow by the descending and rising flow zones inside the borehole 23 for purpose. This flow can be further advantageous by a suitable slope with respect to the borehole axis and / or by a suitable slope with respect to the radial direction. At this time, the cavity formed by the bore hole 23 does not need internal division. In the illustrated embodiment, only a central bar 28 is provided, which may support the formation of a rotating flow.

Engines, such as two-stroke large diesel engines of the type herein, are manufactured using a variety of newly manufactured components or component assemblies at the time of manufacture. However, it is also advantageous to utilize new redundant parts of other component assemblies and to reuse parts / areas available in component assemblies of compatible designs where other parts are worn out compared to completely new fabrication. Thus, since the material is used as well as the result of the previously invested effort, the manufacture / inspection repair of the valve assembly or the assembly comprising the same or even the entire engine is made in a very economical and environmentally friendly way. At the same time, it also reduces the use of waste and new starting materials.

However, at this time, many components, such as valve housings, are manufactured in a series of substantially similar deformation states in appearance, and there is a risk that it is difficult and indistinguishable to identify / identify only with the naked eye or simple measurement methods based on their external shape. Therefore, it is notified about the above risk of incorrectly selecting a discharge valve which is not suitable for the present invention, which causes a failure in the engine according to the present invention, in particular, a large two-stroke diesel engine, during assembly. This can lead to unexpected and costly emergency repairs between service cycles. With regard to the vast range of details that may be required for the recording of components according to the invention, such components are therefore preferably represented as identifiable data in many cases, and these data are read non-contact for purposes. Preferably an RFID chip is provided, on which data is stored for clearly defining / identifying a component assembly or part thereof. Other types of display devices can also be envisioned.

The at least one display device of the relevant part preferably contains additional data on whether the component is genuine, preferably comprising manufacturing data, approval data (IMO: International Maritime Organization), historical data and expected or Planned future use data or operational data belong.

At least one indicator on the discharge valve is preferably located within three quarters of the axial total length of the valve facing the valve disc end. This ensures that at least such an indicator device (typically a high temperature sensitive electronic device) is not erased or broken by the very hot exhaust gas emitted from the combustion chamber when the discharge valve is opened. This display device can thus be exposed to be read over the combustion chamber of the discharge valve using non-contact means. Readings are usually made for data / parameter transfer to the engine control system prior to the start of the engine / at start of operation. However, reading such a display device using non-contact means for data capture of at least one component, such as the aforementioned discharge valve, or a component connected thereto, is carried out even during operation of the large diesel engine according to the invention. This allows, for example, the inspector of the IMO or the person in charge of the ship safety association to check the discharge valve etc. installed to permit the continuous operation of the engine. At the same time, permit data is input without having to stop the engine to input such permit data.

Yet another identification method that can be used additionally or alternatively can be in inserting an easily identifiable substance as a display device. For this purpose a mixture may be used for at least one of the components or components, which mixture contains various numbers of material elements. A combined concentration profile of the pure component and / or another component, ie a concentration profile that can be identified as a combination of low individual concentrations of pure metal or other pure substance, can be used to identify the component. A component combined with another concentration profile for safety is rejected as "not genuine" because its material probably did not have the desired properties.

While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, it is not limited thereto. Rather, those skilled in the art provide a series of methods to adapt the ideas based on the invention to the circumstances of the individual case. For example, individual channels may be introduced through one or more separation walls 24 to form branches 13a and 13b of the flow path 13 instead of or in addition to the division of the borehole 23 in the valve stem 7. It is also conceivable that they can be provided in the form of individual boreholes, for example. In addition, instead of each supply line or waste line 18, 19 indicated, two or a plurality of adjacent partial lines may be provided so that they can be easily determined in a desired direction in the opening region of these lines opening to the gas exchange channel. I can think of it. This applies to all embodiments according to FIGS. 3-6. Instead of forming the chambers 15, 17 in the form of branches in the transverse plane, chamber designs may also be provided which are formed through one borehole or through divided boreholes which are adjacent to each other as mentioned above. This also applies to all the embodiments described.

1: Cylinder
2: working chamber
3: exhaust gas outlet
4: valve
5: valve seat
6: valve disc
7: valve stem
8: gas exchange channel
8a: upper end
9: cylinder cover
10: valve housing
11: through cavity
12: guide bush
13: flow path
13a: supply area
13b: recovery area
14: inlet
15: supply chamber
16: outlet
17: discharge chamber
18: supply line
19: discharge line
20: ring line
21: branch line
22: rotating device
23: borehole
24: separation wall
25: Insert
26: Insert
27: web
28: bar

Claims (45)

A valve assembly with a valve, said valve having a cooling arrangement and having a valve disc (6) and a valve stem (7) supporting the valve disc and arranged in the gas channel (8) of an engine, in particular a two-stroke large diesel engine. (4), the cooling device has at least one flow path which can be provided with a refrigerant and extends within the valve (4), the flow path being range limited by the valve stem (7) and the refrigerant At least one supply line 15, from which the supply chamber 15 can be supplied, and at least one discharge chamber 17 constrained by the valve stem 7, from at least one waste line 19. In this extended valve assembly, the refrigerant supplied to the flow path 13 of the cooling device, which extends in the valve 4, is at least partly in gaseous form and / or at least partly. The gas channel 8 adjacent the discharge chamber 17 as a gas via at least one discharge chamber 17 and a waste line 19. Valve assembly, characterized in that can be guided to the area of.
2. Valve assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve (4) is formed as a discharge valve disposed in the discharge channel forming a gas exchange channel (8).
3. The valve assembly according to claim 1, wherein the channel side opening of the waste line (19) points in the gas flow direction in the gas channel (8). 4.
4. The valve according to claim 1, wherein the opening of the waste line 19 is downstream of the valve 4 in the gas channel 8 in the gas flow direction in the gas channel 8. The valve assembly, characterized in that disposed on.
5. The valve assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gas channel is formed as an elbow and the opening of the waste line is arranged in the largest radius of curvature of the elbow. 6.
6. The valve assembly according to claim 1, wherein the supply and discharge chambers (15, 17) are arranged at the circumference of the valve stem (7). 7.
7. Valve assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply chamber and the discharge chamber (15, 17) are arranged at the same height.
8. The valve according to claim 1, wherein the heights of the supply and discharge chambers 15, 17 are at least in relation to the axial inner width of the inlet or outlet of the valve side flow path 13. A valve assembly, which is consistent with the lifting of (4).
9. The valve (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the valve (4) can be rotated about its own axis by means of a rotary device (22), and the inlet and outlet ports of the valve side flow path (13) 14, 16, characterized in that at least the inlet (14) and outlet (16) are arranged in communication with the supply chamber (15) or the discharge chamber (17), respectively.
10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the supply chambers 15 and at least one of the discharge chambers 17 are arranged opposite each other in opposite directions with respect to the valve axis. Valve assembly, characterized in that.
The supply chamber and the discharge chamber 15, 17, according to claim 1, arranged mutually offset from the circumference of the valve stem 7, are separated from each other by a web 27. And the blocking thickness of the web is at least equal to the transverse inner width of the inlet or outlet of the valve side flow section.
12. The valve assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the valve side flow path (13) has at least one supply region (13a) and at least one recovery region (13b).
13. The valve assembly of claim 12, wherein each of the supply zone (13a) and the recovery zone (13b) has a plurality of flow zones.
14. The valve disc (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the valve disc (6) has a ring channel (20) extending in the circumferential direction, which ring channel is through the branch lines (21). A valve assembly characterized in that it is connected with the (13a) and the recovery region (13b).
15. The valve stem (7) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a guide bush (12) is arranged on the valve stem (7), the guide bush having an upper guide region spaced from the gas channel (8) and the gas Valve assembly, characterized in that it has an area adjacent the channel (8) and comprising the supply chamber and the discharge chamber (15, 17).
The valve assembly (1) according to claim 15, wherein the valve stem (7) is sealed to the guide bush (12) only above the supply chamber and the discharge chamber (15, 17).
17. A valve assembly according to any one of the preceding claims wherein air is used as the refrigerant.
18. The valve assembly according to claim 17, wherein the air used as the refrigerant can branch from an air supply disposed in the engine and be supplied to the valve side flow path 13 through the supply line 18. .
19. An air supply according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the air supply device disposed in the engine has at least one compressor and a cooler disposed behind the at least one compressor and can be supplied to the valve side flow path (13). Air is branched behind the compressor.
20. The valve assembly of claim 19, wherein the air branches between the compressor and the cooler.
21. A valve housing for a valve assembly according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the housing comprises a gas channel (8) and a through cavity (11) provided in the region of the upper boundary of the gas channel (8). With respect to the valve (4), wherein at least one flow path (disposal line (19)) is provided between the through cavity (11) and the gas channel (8).
22. A chamber according to claim 21, wherein a chamber is opened radially inwardly in the region of the through cavity (11) for the formation of the supply chamber (15) and the discharge chamber (17), wherein from at least one of the chambers The valve housing, characterized in that the flow path (disposal line (19)) opening to the gas channel (8) extends.
23. The method of claim 21 or 22, wherein at least a portion of the boundary wall of the chamber (feed chamber 15, discharge chamber 17) that is radially open inwardly belongs to a valve housing and is based on the valve housing. Valve housing, characterized in that formed of a material.
24. A valve means according to any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein in the region of the through cavity 11 there are guide means which are axially offset relative to the supply chamber 15 and the discharge chamber 17 with respect to the valve stem. And the guiding means is preferably arranged in a bush which closes the adjacent chamber (feed chamber (15), discharge chamber (17)).
25. The chamber according to any one of claims 21 to 24, wherein a guide bush (12) is inserted into the through cavity (11), the guide bush opening inward at least radially inward below the guide area. A supply chamber 15, a discharge chamber 17, wherein at least one of said flow paths (waste line 19) extending from at least one said chamber to said gas channel 8 extends. Valve housing.
26. The through cavity according to any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein said opening of said flow path (disposal line 19) extending into said gas channel (8) is arranged in said valve (4). 11) valve housing, characterized in that it is arranged in the direction of flowing gas.
21. A valve for a valve assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the valve is provided with a cooling device, said cooling device being at least partly in gaseous form and / or at least partly in gaseous form. A valve characterized in that it is suitable for providing a refrigerant, preferably cooling air, which consists of a constituent component.
A valve according to claim 27, wherein a flow path having a supply zone (13a) and a recovery zone (13b) is provided, wherein at least one area of the flow path intermittently runs during the supply zone (13a) or recovery zone ( 13b) which functions as a valve.
29. The valve of claim 27 or 28, wherein said valve is formed as a discharge valve.
30. The valve according to claim 27, wherein a rotary device is provided, which is preferably formed by radial vanes disposed on the valve stem.
31. The method according to any one of claims 27 to 30, characterized in that it has at least one supply region 13a and at least one recovery region 13b in the flow path 13 extending therein. Valve.
32. The valve according to claim 31, wherein at least part of said supply region (13a) and / or said recovery region (13b) is formed of several channels.
33. The valve disc (6) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein its valve disc (6) has a ring channel (20) extending in the circumferential direction, said ring channel being connected to said supply region (13a) and through a branch line (21). A valve characterized in that it is connected to the recovery region (13b).
34. The valve stem (7) according to any one of claims 31 to 33, wherein the inlet and outlet (14, 16) of the valve side flow path (13) is adapted for interlocking with a bush (guide bush 12). A valve, characterized in that provided in the area of.
35. A valve according to claim 34, characterized in that the inlet and outlet of the valve side flow path 13 have a guide surface and are provided in the lower part of the region of the valve stem 7 suitable for interlocking with the guide bush. valve.
21. A guide bush for a valve housing of a valve assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising: a guide region disposed on the valve stem (7) or radially inwardly opening the chambers A guide bush, which is arranged upward from the supply chamber 15 and the discharge chamber 17.
37. A guide bush according to claim 36, wherein the radially inwardly opening chambers (feed chamber (15), discharge chamber (17)) are integrated into the guide bush.
A guide bush according to claim 36, characterized in that it has an end which closes said chambers (feed chamber (15), discharge chamber (17)) which are opened inward in the radial direction.
39. The radially inwardly opening chambers (feed chamber 15, discharge chamber 17) formed by axial boreholes cut together. Guide bush, characterized in that.
The at least one element of the valve assembly, preferably each element, preferably consists of a metallic mixture, which retains a plurality of individual materials, wherein said A valve assembly and / or a valve housing and / or a valve and / or guide bush, characterized in that the recorded at least one spectral profile of the pure component of the individual substances is identical to the mixture of the corresponding element.
41. A display device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of said elements, preferably each element, has a display device, preferably externally readable in a mounted state, and is assembled from said display device. And / or according to a parameter such as an expected lifetime, wherein the display device is arranged in a non-contact readable, preferably electronically readable storage memory chip, preferably an RFID chip. And / or the valve housing and / or the valve and / or the guide bush.
A large engine, in particular a two-stroke large diesel engine, having at least one combustion chamber 2 bounded by a reciprocating piston, to which at least one gas channel 8 is connected, said gas channel (8) A large engine, characterized in that the valve assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 20, 40 and 41 is arranged.
43. A used engine according to claim 42, wherein in a used engine having at least one existing valve assembly, the valve assembly is replaced with a valve assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 20 and 40 and 41. Large engine.
The at least one element, preferably the at least one valve 4, preferably has an externally readable display device, in which it is mounted, from which it is mounted and And / or categorized according to parameters such as life expectancy, wherein the display device is in particular arranged in a contactless readable, preferably electronically readable memory chip, preferably an RFID chip.
45. The large engine of claim 44, wherein the display device is formed and / or arranged to be readable during operation.

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