KR20120036160A - Silencer and ship having the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A muffler and a ship having the same are provided to heat water used for a ship using high-temperature waste heat generated from exhaust gas of the ship. CONSTITUTION: A muffler(10) comprises a refrigerant moving unit(20), a thermoelectric element(30), and a sound absorbing panel(40). The refrigerant moving unit has an inlet and an outlet. One surface of the thermoelectric element touches the outer surface of the refrigerant moving unit. One surface of the sound absorbing panel touches the other surface of the thermoelectric element.

Description

Silencer and Vessel with Same {SILENCER AND SHIP HAVING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to a silencer and a ship provided with the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a silencer installed in a ship to prevent noise generated when the exhaust gas generated from the ship's engine is discharged to the outside.

Exhaust gas generated from the engine of the ship is discharged to the ship's chimney through the silencer after the heat energy is recovered by the economizer.

The muffler is a component for preventing noise from being generated due to rapid expansion after exhaust of the high pressure exhaust gas. Silencers are classified into sound absorption type, resonance type, expansion type, and interference type according to the noise type. Among these, sound absorbing type silencers are frequently used in air conditioning ducts.

In order to prevent noise generated by the ship's exhaust gas, a sound absorbing type silencer is widely used, and a conventional silencer has a structure in which a cylinder surrounds a splitter into which a sound absorbing agent is inserted. The exhaust gas discharged from the engine of the ship is converted into heat energy by the sound absorbing agent inside the splitter of the silencer and is extinguished.

In the conventional muffler, the heat energy generated by the waste heat and the sound absorbing plate of the engine exhaust gas passing through the coal mill is discharged to the outside without being treated separately. Thus, discharging the waste heat and heat energy may be referred to as a loss of energy in a ship.

One embodiment of the present invention is to provide a silencer that can prevent the loss of thermal energy generated in the exhaust gas of the ship.

One embodiment of the present invention is to provide a silencer capable of producing electric power using the heat energy generated from the exhaust gas of the ship.

One embodiment of the present invention is to provide a ship having a power generation system for generating power using the heat energy generated in the silencer of the ship.

According to an aspect of the invention, the refrigerant flow portion having a refrigerant inlet and outlet; A silencer is provided that includes a thermoelectric element in which one side is in contact with an outer surface of the refrigerant flow unit, and a sound absorbing plate in which one side is in contact with the other side of the thermoelectric element.

In this case, the sound absorbing plate may be porous.

On the other hand, the refrigerant flow portion and the outer surface of the thermoelectric element may be surrounded by a heat insulating member.

On the other hand, the refrigerant flow portion may be formed of a polygonal column or a cylindrical shape.

According to another aspect of the invention, the above-described sound absorber is installed in the exhaust pipe discharged from the exhaust gas from the engine of the ship is provided, the storage battery is provided with a battery for storing electricity generated by the thermoelectric element inside the sound absorber, The ship is provided.

In this case, the refrigerant may be water used in the vessel.

Meanwhile, the refrigerant may be an organic working fluid, and the refrigerant flow unit may include an organic rankine cycle power generation system used as an evaporator of the organic working fluid.

At this time, the organic Rankine cycle power generation system, a pump; A refrigerant flow unit installed inside the muffler to evaporate the organic working fluid compressed by the pump; It may include a turbine driven by the refrigerant evaporated in the refrigerant flow unit and a condenser condensing the refrigerant passing through the turbine.

At this time, the pump may be driven by electricity generated from the thermoelectric element of the silencer.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, by using the thermoelectric element in the process of heating the refrigerant using the high temperature waste heat generated from the exhaust gas of the ship it can produce electricity that can be used in the ship.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the high temperature waste heat generated from the ship's exhaust gas can be used to heat the water used in the ship.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the high temperature waste heat generated from the ship's exhaust gas can be used to evaporate the organic working fluid of the organic Rankine cycle power generation system installed in the ship.

1 is a schematic perspective view of an exhaust pipe installed with a silencer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a perspective view of a silencer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a perspective view of a silencer according to another embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 1 to illustrate an operating state of a silencer according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
5 is an operational state diagram of the exhaust pipe is installed according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a configuration diagram of a power generation system having a silencer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art may easily implement the present invention. As those skilled in the art would realize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. In order to clearly illustrate the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted, and the same or similar components are denoted by the same reference numerals throughout the specification.

 1 is a schematic perspective view of an exhaust pipe installed with a silencer according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a perspective view of a silencer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 and 2, the silencer 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be installed in the exhaust pipe 2 inside 3 through which the exhaust gas discharged from the engine of the ship (70 of FIG. 5) passes. have.

One side of the silencer 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is connected to the refrigerant inlet pipe 4 is formed to allow the refrigerant to flow into the silencer. In addition, the other side of the silencer 10 is connected to the refrigerant discharge pipe 6 is formed so that the refrigerant passing through the inside of the silencer can be discharged to the outside of the silencer through the refrigerant discharge pipe (6).

According to one embodiment of the invention, the refrigerant inlet pipe 4 is formed to introduce the refrigerant to the upper side of the muffler, the refrigerant discharge pipe 6 is connected to the lower side of the muffler so that the discharged refrigerant is discharged to the lower side of the muffler Is formed.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the refrigerant introduced into the silencer 10 through the refrigerant inlet pipe 4 is heated by receiving heat from the exhaust gas passing through the outside of the silencer 10 while passing through the silencer 10. The refrigerant heated in this way exits the muffler 10 at a high temperature.

The flow direction of the refrigerant heated in the silencer 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be opposite to the flow direction of the exhaust gas discharged to the upper side of the ship through the exhaust pipe 2. As such, when the flow direction of the coolant is formed in a direction opposite to the flow direction of the exhaust gas, a heat transfer effect from the exhaust gas to the coolant may be increased than when the coolant and the exhaust gas move in the same direction.

Meanwhile, according to the present embodiment, the silencer 10 installed in the exhaust pipe may have a plurality of silencers installed in the exhaust pipe. At this time, each of the plurality of silencers 10 is formed to have the same structure. Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, a more detailed configuration of the silencer 10 will be described.

Referring to FIG. 2, the silencer 10 may include a refrigerant flow unit 20, a thermoelectric element 30, and a sound absorbing plate 40.

The coolant flow unit 20 is located at the inner center of the silencer 10 and forms a space in which the coolant flows. The upper portion of the refrigerant flow portion 20 is connected to the refrigerant inlet pipe 4, and the lower portion of the refrigerant flow portion 20 is connected to the refrigerant discharge pipe 6.

In the present embodiment, the silencer 10 generally has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the coolant flow part may also have an approximately rectangular parallelepiped shape.

As shown in FIG. 2, thermoelectric elements 30 having a rectangular plate shape are disposed at both sides of the refrigerant flow unit 20. The thermoelectric element 30 may be a semiconductor-type power generation element using a Seebeck Effect, and generates electric power by a temperature difference between a high temperature portion and a low temperature portion on both sides of the element.

Silencer 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached to the thermoelectric element 30 such that the high-temperature heat generated in the process of transferring the heat inside the silencer 10, the silencer 10 and the silencer 10 inside Produce electricity by using temperature difference of. A more detailed description thereof will be described later.

Referring back to FIG. 2, a sound absorbing plate 40 is installed outside the thermoelectric element 30 around the center of the muffler 10 in which the refrigerant flow unit 20 is located. One side of the sound absorbing plate 40 is in contact with the thermoelectric element 30, and the other side of the sound absorbing plate 40 is exposed to the inside of the exhaust pipe 2.

At this time, the sound absorbing plate 40 may be formed of a porous sound absorbing plate. The porous material of the sound absorbing plate 40 serves to transmit high temperature heat to the thermoelectric element together with a noise reduction role. As the sound absorbing plate 40 is made porous, the surface area of the sound absorbing plate 40 is widened, and the enlarged surface area promotes heat transfer through the sound absorbing plate 40 to increase the amount of waste heat recovery.

In the present embodiment, the width of the thermoelectric element 30 and the width of the sound absorbing plate 40 may be the same. Accordingly, heat transferred to the thermoelectric element side through the sound absorbing plate 40 may be transferred to the thermoelectric element 30 side over the entire area of the sound absorbing plate 40.

On the other hand, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as can be seen in Figure 2, except for both side surfaces of the silencer 10, the sound absorbing plate 40 is provided on the outside, the upper side and the lower side of the muffler 10, and The heat insulation member 50 is installed in the front and back.

The heat insulating member upper and lower plates 56 and 58 and the two heat insulating member side plates 52 and 54 prevent heat from being transferred into the silencer 10 through an area other than the sound absorbing plate 40 installed in the silencer 10. Do it.

In the present embodiment, the silencer 10 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the sound absorbing plate 40 forms the side of the silencer, but the shape of the silencer 10 is shown in FIG. 3 according to the shape of the sound absorbing plate 40. It may also be in the form of a cylinder.

When the silencer 10 is formed in a cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. 3, the sound absorbing plate 40 ′ may be formed in a cylindrical shape to surround the outer surface of the silencer 10, for example, and the coolant flow part 20 ′ may be formed. It may also be made in a cylindrical shape. In addition, the thermoelectric element 30 ′ positioned between the refrigerant flow portion 20 ′ and the sound absorbing plate 40 ′ may also have a cylindrical shape.

As such, when the sound absorbing plate 40 'is made of a cylindrical shape and surrounds the outer surface of the silencer 10, only the upper side and the lower side of the silencer 10 are exposed to the outside. Lower plates 56 ', 58, are provided to prevent heat from being transferred into the muffler through regions other than the sound absorbing plates 40 ,.

On the other hand, the silencer 10 having the above structure can be installed in the center of the interior (3) of the exhaust pipe (2) by a separate support member (8 in Figure 4).

The shape and size of the silencer may be variously modified according to the size of the exhaust pipe and the capacity of the silencer installed in the exhaust pipe, but are not limited to the present embodiment.

4 is a cross-sectional view of the silencer having the above structure installed in the exhaust pipe. 4 is a cross-sectional view of IV-IV in FIG. 1. 5 is an operational state diagram of the exhaust pipe is installed according to an embodiment of the present invention. The operation of the silencer will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

As can be seen in Figures 4 and 5, in the ship according to an embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas is generated after the engine 70 is driven, the exhaust gas is discharged to the outside of the ship through the exhaust pipe (2) do. In Fig. 5, reference numerals 72 and 74 denote the flow of exhaust gas passing through the exhaust pipe 2.

The exhaust pipe 2 is provided with a silencer 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The silencer 10 is installed inside the exhaust pipe 2 through which the hot exhaust gas passes.

At this time, the refrigerant introduced from the refrigerant inlet tube 4 is discharged into the refrigerant discharge tube 6 through the refrigerant flow unit 20 into the silencer 10. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the refrigerant may be water used in a ship.

 According to one embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas comes into contact with the sound absorbing plate 40 while the hot exhaust gas passes through the exhaust pipe 2 in the upper direction (the arrow D direction in FIG. 4) from the lower side as seen in FIG. 4. When the exhaust gas is in contact with the sound absorbing plate 40, the heat of the exhaust gas is transferred into the sound absorbing plate 40 through the porous surface of the sound absorbing plate 40.

As such, when heat is transferred into the sound absorbing plate 40, the heat transferred into the sound absorbing plate 40 passes through the thermoelectric element 30 to the coolant flow unit 20, whereby the heat is transferred to the coolant flow unit 20. Supplied to the refrigerant passing through. (Arrow C direction)

When heat is supplied to the refrigerant, when the refrigerant is heated and flows into the refrigerant flow unit 20 through the refrigerant inlet pipe 4, the refrigerant, which has been low temperature, changes to high temperature, and the refrigerant discharges the refrigerant discharge tube 6 in a high temperature state. You will exit. At this time, the refrigerant may change phase depending on the type of the refrigerant and the heat transfer rate to the refrigerant.

Meanwhile, according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the heat transferred through the sound absorbing plate 40 as described above heats the refrigerant, and the thermoelectric element 30 positioned between the refrigerant flow unit 20 and the sound absorbing plate 40. A temperature difference is formed between both sides of the thermoelectric element 30 to generate electricity.

The heat generated by the thermoelectric element 30 may be stored in the storage battery 60 and then supply electricity to the place where electricity is needed.

At this time, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the thermoelectric element may be a BiTe (Bismuth Telluride) thermoelectric element. The thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) of the BiTe thermoelectric element is 0.8.

The performance of the BiTe thermoelectric device may exhibit about 5% energy conversion efficiency when the temperature of the high temperature portion is 200 to 230 degrees and the temperature of the low temperature portion is 30 to 50 degrees. That is, a thermoelectric device having a thermoelectric performance index of 0.8 may convert about 5% of total thermal energy into electric power when placed in a temperature change state of about the temperature difference. At this time, the remaining 95% may be absorbed by the refrigerant of the low temperature portion. Accordingly, for example, a BiTe thermoelectric element having a width of 3 cm and a thickness of 3 mm can produce power of about 6 W under the above temperature conditions.

In operation of the silencer according to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust pipe may be about 230 degrees to about 250 degrees. And, the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant inlet tube may be formed to flow into the refrigerant flow portion of about 0 ~ 36 degrees and then exit the refrigerant discharge tube with hot water of about 80 ~ 90 degrees by heat transfer of the exhaust gas. have. Therefore, when a silencer having a square thermoelectric element having a side length of 1 m is manufactured by using a commercially available power generation device, the silencer may produce power of approximately 10 to 12 kW.

However, the inlet and outlet temperatures of the refrigerant, the temperature of the exhaust gas, and the power output of the power generator may be variously changed according to the engine output of the vessel, the temperature of the exhaust gas, and the silencer design specifications.

On the other hand, the silencer according to an embodiment of the present invention can be used as one component of the power generation system. 6 is a block diagram of a power generation system including a silencer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 6, a power generation system 80 including a silencer according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a pump 82, a silencer 10, a turbine 86, and a condenser 84.

The power generation system 80 forms a closed cycle, and the refrigerant circulating inside the power generation system 80 may be an organic working fluid in this embodiment. The organic working fluid can be, for example, but not limited to propane or ammonia. Accordingly, the power generation system 80 including the silencer 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention may configure an organic rankine cycle.

In the power generation system 80 including the silencer 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, after the refrigerant is introduced, the silencer 10 is heated and evaporated by heat exchange in the silencer 10, and accordingly, the silencer 10 Refrigerant flow section 20 inside) operates as an evaporator of power generation system 80.

In the power generation system 80, the organic working fluid is evaporated in the muffler 10, and then drives the turbine 86 to produce power in the generator 88 connected to the turbine 86 and condense in the condenser 84. The refrigerant condensed in the condenser 84 undergoes a circulation process that is compressed by the pump 82 and flows back into the silencer 10.

In one embodiment of the present invention, during the evaporation of the organic working fluid inside the muffler 10, electricity may be generated in the thermoelectric element 30, and thus the electricity generated in the thermoelectric element 30 is a power generation system Some or all of the electricity for driving pump 82 of 80 may be used.

When the power generation system 80 including the silencer 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed in a ship, a thermoelectric element is provided in an exhaust pipe which is a movement path of exhaust gas generated as waste heat after being generated from an engine of the ship. The silencer can be used to produce electricity using thermoelectric elements, and the waste heat of the exhaust gas can be used to phase change the refrigerant passing through the silencer to form part of the power generation system installed on the ship. Since the power can be generated, the energy efficiency inside the ship can be increased.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the organic Rankine cycle using the organic working fluid as a refrigerant is proposed, but the waste heat of the exhaust gas is transferred to the refrigerant flow section inside the silencer to heat the refrigerant, the configuration of the operating temperature and power generation system of the refrigerant It may be applied in various ways depending on the type.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the spirit of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein, and those skilled in the art who understand the spirit of the present invention, within the scope of the same idea, the addition of components Other embodiments may be easily proposed by changing, deleting, adding, and the like, but this will also fall within the spirit of the present invention.

2 exhaust pipe 3 inside
4 Refrigerant Inlet Tube 6 Refrigerant Discharge Tube
10 Silencer 20 Refrigerant Flow Section
30 30 'Thermoelectric 40 40' Sound Absorbing Plate
50 insulation member 60 storage battery
70 Engine 72 74 Exhaust Gas Flow
80 power generation system 82 pump
84 condenser 86 turbine
88 generator

Claims (9)

A refrigerant flow unit having a refrigerant inlet and an outlet;
A thermoelectric element of which one side is in contact with an outer surface of the refrigerant flow part;
Silencer comprising a sound absorbing plate in contact with one side to the other side of the thermoelectric element.
The method of claim 1,
The sound absorbing plate is porous, silencer.
The method of claim 1,
Silencer, the refrigerant flow portion and the outer surface of the thermoelectric element is surrounded by a heat insulating member.
The method of claim 1,
The refrigerant flow unit is made of a polygonal column or a cylindrical shape, silencer.
The sound absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is installed in an exhaust pipe through which exhaust gas from the engine of the ship is discharged, and a battery for storing electricity generated by the thermoelectric element inside the sound absorber is provided. , Ship.
The method of claim 5, wherein
The refrigerant is water used in the vessel.
The method of claim 5, wherein
The refrigerant is an organic working fluid,
And a Organic Rankine Cycle power generation system in which said refrigerant flow portion is used as an evaporation portion of said organic working fluid.
The method of claim 7, wherein
The organic Rankine cycle power generation system,
Pump;
A refrigerant flow unit installed inside the muffler to evaporate the organic working fluid compressed by the pump;
A turbine driven by the refrigerant evaporated from the refrigerant flow unit;
A condenser to condense the refrigerant past the turbine
Shipping, including
The method of claim 8,
The pump is driven by electricity generated in the thermoelectric element of the muffler.

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