KR20110084936A - Armature and electric motor having the armature - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an armature of an electric motor that can improve motor efficiency. The stator 3 includes a core 12 and a coil 4. The core 12 has a plurality of slots and a plurality of teeth formed between the slots. The coil 4 consists of a plurality of element wires. Moreover, the coil 4 has coil parts 4a-4h and connection part 4p-4v. The coil portions 4a to 4h are inserted into the slots and wound up over a plurality of teeth. The connecting portions 4p to 4v connect the coil portions 4a to 4h. And the coil 4 has the twisted shape in the connection part 4p-4v.

Description

Armature and electric motor of electric motor {ARMATURE AND ELECTRIC MOTOR HAVING THE ARMATURE}

The present invention relates to an armature and an electric motor of an electric motor.

In general, an armature of an electric motor has a core and a coil wound around the core. The coil is composed of a bundle of a plurality of element wires, and has a plurality of coil portions formed in a coil shape and a connecting portion that spans the coil portions. A plurality of slots are formed in the core, and coil sides of the coil portion are embedded in the slots.

As a manufacturing method of the armature as described above, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses.

First, one coil part is formed by winding a coil to a winding frame. Here, as shown in FIG. 8, the coil 110 rotates around the winding frame 130 by the plier 120 which guides the coil 110 which consists of several wire | wire W. As shown in FIG. It is wound up by the winding frame 130. Thereby, the coil part 100 is shape | molded in the shape in which the some wire | line element W of the band form was wound in a spiral. Next, the coil part 100 is extruded downward from the winding frame 130 and is conveyed to the transfer tool 140. The transfer tool 140 is a member for assembling the coil 110 to the core 150 (see FIG. 11), and can hold and hold a plurality of coil portions 100 to 107 in a circle (FIGS. 9 and 9). See FIG. 10).

After the coil part 100 is transferred to the transfer tool 140, the connection part 111 is formed until the next coil part 101 is wound up. The connection part 111 is formed continuously from the coil 110 which provided the coil part 100 mentioned above, and is a part which hangs the adjacent coil part 100. As shown in FIG. The connecting portion 111 is formed by the transfer tool 140 or the winding frame 130 rotating around the axis of the transfer tool 140. Thereafter, the next coil portion 101 is further formed from the same coil 110 and transferred to the transfer tool 140.

When the above-described operation is repeated and the formation of the required number of coil portions 100 to 107 and the connecting portions 111 to 117 and the transfer to the transfer tool 140 are completed, the state shown in FIG. 9 is obtained. Here, the some coil part 100-107 is arrange | positioned circularly around the stripper 141 of the transfer tool 140 when viewed from an upper surface. And adjacent coil parts 100-107 are formed so that a winding direction may reverse each other.

Next, as shown in FIG. 10, the core 150 is disposed above the transfer tool 140. 10 is a cross sectional view taken along the line X-X in FIG. 9. The core 150 has a plurality of slots formed on the inner circumferential surface thereof (see FIG. 2). And the stripper 141 raises, and the coil parts 100-107 are lifted upwards. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 11, the coil side of each coil part 100-107 is inserted in the corresponding slot, respectively. In FIG. 11, the coil side 121 (see FIG. 9) of the coil unit 100 is inserted into the slot S100 of the core 150, and the coil side 122 (FIG. 9) of the coil unit 103. Is inserted into the slot S103.

Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2005-110342

However, in the above method, in the state where the plurality of coil parts 100 to 107 are held on the transfer tool 140, the coil 110 starts to be wound over the plurality of coil parts 100 to 107. The relative arrangement of the plurality of element wires W is maintained until the winding is completed. For example, in FIG. 10, the element wire W1 located at the uppermost part of a part of a turn of a certain coil part 100 is the most in a part of another turn of the same coil part 100. Located at the top. Moreover, this element wire W1 is located in the uppermost part in any turn part of the other coil parts 101-107. In this way, with respect to the N element wires from the first element wire W1 included in the coil 110 to the N-th element wire Wn, the first turns in each turn portion of all the coil parts 100 to 107. The relative arrangement of the N-th element wire Wn from the element wire W1 is almost maintained.

As described above, when the coil parts 100 to 107 set in the transfer tool 140 are inserted into the slots using the stripper 141, the plurality of element wires W1 to Wn are always transferred to the transfer tool 140. It is inserted into the slot in order from the element wire W1 located on the upper side of the back side. Therefore, also within the slot, the first element W1 to the N-th element wire Wn are accommodated substantially sequentially from the inside.

Therefore, in the armature of the electric motor manufactured according to the conventional method as described above, in the portion of each turn of the coil, the plurality of element wires are packed in the slots sequentially from the inside in the order of insertion. .

As a result, as shown in FIG. 12, of each element wire accommodated in a slot, the 1st element wire W1 always forms the coil part 100-107, passing through the slot inside rather than another element wire, and Nth element wire Wn ) Always passes through the front of the slot than other wires to form the coil portion (100 ~ 107). Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13, the inductance of the coil part formed by each element wire is largest in the 1st element wire W1, and smallest in the Nth element wire Wn (W15 of FIG. 13). Such nonuniformity of inductance for each element wire reduces the efficiency of the coil and becomes a factor of lowering the motor efficiency.

An object of the present invention is to provide an armature and an electric motor of an electric motor that can improve motor efficiency.

An armature of the electric motor according to the first invention includes a core and a coil. The core has a plurality of teeth formed between the plurality of slots and the slots. The coil consists of a plurality of element wires. Moreover, a coil has a coil part and a connection part. The coil portion is inserted into the slot and wound over a plurality of teeth. The connecting portion connects the coil portions. The coil has a twisted shape at the connecting portion.

In the armature of this electric motor, in the so-called distributed winding coil structure, the relative arrangement of the plurality of element wires in the coil changes because the coil has a twisted shape in the connecting portion. Therefore, the nonuniformity of the inductance of the coil for each element wire is reduced. Thereby, motor efficiency can be improved.

The armature of the electric motor according to the second invention is the armature of the electric motor of the first invention, and the coupling portion is provided from the tooth line side of the tooth to the tooth side.

In the armature of this electric motor, at the time of manufacture, the several coil part connected by the connection part is formed in advance, and the operation | work at the time of collecting a plurality of coil parts and attaching to a core becomes easy. Therefore, the manufacturing process can be easily automated.

The armature of the electric motor according to the third invention is the armature of the electric motor of the first invention, and the twisted angle at the connection portion of the coil is 180 degrees.

In the armature of this electric motor, arrangement of the element wires is reversed before and after the twisted portion. For example, some element wires are changed to the position of the tooth line side of the tooth and the position of the tooth length side of the tooth before and after the twisted portion. Thereby, the nonuniformity of the inductance of the coil for every element wire is further reduced.

The motor according to the fourth invention includes the armature according to any one of claims 1 to 3 as a stator.

In this electric motor, the efficiency of the armature as a stator can be improved.

In this invention, the nonuniformity of the inductance of the coil for every element wire in a coil is reduced. Thereby, motor efficiency can be improved.

1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an electric motor according to a first embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the stator according to the first embodiment.
3 is a developed view of the coil.
4 is a view showing a connection portion of the coil.
5 is a schematic diagram showing a coil part and a connection part.
6 is a view showing the position of the element wire in the coil section.
7 is a graph showing inductance of element wires.
8 is a view showing a conventional apparatus for producing a stator coil.
9 is a view showing a conventional apparatus for manufacturing a stator coil.
10 is a view showing a conventional apparatus for manufacturing a stator coil.
It is a figure which shows the manufacturing apparatus of the conventional stator coil.
It is a schematic diagram which shows the coil part and connection part in the conventional stator coil.
13 is a graph showing the inductance of the element wire W in a conventional stator coil.

<Configuration>

1 shows an electric motor 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The electric motor 1 is, for example, a three-phase synchronous motor such as a buried magnet motor, and includes a rotor 2 and a stator 3.

The rotor 2 is an eight-pole permanent magnet rotor. The rotor 2 has the rotor main body 21 and the some permanent magnet 22. As shown in FIG. The rotor main body 21 has a cylindrical shape, and is rotatably provided with respect to the main body casing which is not shown centering on a rotating shaft. The permanent magnet 22 is attached to the rotor body 21. In addition, in FIG. 1, only some permanent magnets are attached | subjected, and others are abbreviate | omitted.

The stator 3 is a so-called distributed stator of three-phase 48 slots. The stator 3 has a core 31 and coils 4 to 6.

As shown in FIG. 2, the core 31 has a substantially cylindrical outline and a through hole 32 extending along the central axis is formed. On the inner circumferential surface of the core 31, a plurality of slots S1 to S48 are formed. Slots S1-S48 extend along the direction parallel to a central axis, respectively. Teeth T1 to T48 are formed between the slots S1 to S48. Here, 48 slots S1 to S48 and teeth T1 to T48 are formed. In FIG. 2, only a part of slots and teeth are given signs, and others are omitted.

As shown in FIG. 1, the coils 4 to 6 include three coils of the U-phase coil 4, the V-phase coil 5, and the W-phase coil 6. One end of the U-phase coil 4 is provided with a U-phase terminal 40. One end of the V-phase coil 5 is provided with a V-phase terminal 50. One end of the W-phase coil 6 is provided with a W-phase terminal 60. In addition, each other end of the U-phase coil 4, the V-phase coil 5, and the W-phase coil 6 is terminated by the neutral point 10. As shown in FIG. Since these coils 4 have almost the same structure except that the slots S1 to S48 to be inserted are different, only the U-phase coil 4 will be described below.

The U-phase coil 4 has the 1st coil 11 and the 2nd coil 12, as shown in FIG. The 1st coil 11 and the 2nd coil 12 are comprised by combining several wire | wire W (refer FIG. 6), respectively, and consist of 15 wire | wires W, for example. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, the U-phase coil 4 has eight coil portions 4a to 4h and six connecting portions 4p to 4u. 3 is a developed view of the U-phase coil 4. In the U-phase coil 4, the first coil 11 and the second coil 12 are connected in parallel, and one end of the first coil 11 and one end of the second coil 12 are connected to the U-phase terminal ( 40, the other end of the first coil 11 and the other end of the second coil 12 are connected to the neutral point 10. Of the coil parts 4a-4h, the coil parts 4a-4d are formed in the 1st coil 11, and are connected in series, respectively. Moreover, the coil parts 4e-4h are formed in the 2nd coil 12, and are connected in series, respectively.

In the coil part 4a-4d, the coil 4 is coiled It is a part formed by winding. In the following description, the four coil parts 4a-4d of the 1st coil 11 are sequentially, from the U-phase terminal 40 side, the 1st coil part 4a-the 4th coil part 4d. It is called. In addition, the four coil parts 4e-4h of the 2nd coil 12 are called the 5th coil part 4e-the 8th coil part 4h sequentially from the U-phase terminal 40 side. Each coil part 4a-4h is wound over several teeth. For example, in FIG. 2, the first coil part 4a is wound from the first tooth T1 to the fifth tooth T5. In addition, the slot into which the input line In of the 1st coil part 4a is inserted among the 48 slots S1-S48 is made into the 1st slot S1, and is shown from the 1st slot S1 in FIG. The second slot S2 to the forty-eighth slot S48 are sequentially called around the left side. In addition, a tooth positioned between the first slot S1 and the second slot S2 is referred to as a first tooth T1, and in FIG. 2, the second tooth is sequentially moved around the left side from the first tooth T1. It is referred to as (T2) to the forty-eighth tooth (T48). In addition, in each slot S1-S48 and each tooth T1-T48, radial direction inner side is called "tooth line side", and radial direction outer side is called "gear side". In addition, in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the winding direction of each coil part 4a-4h is shown by "dot" and "cross". The dot (*) has shown that an electric current flows in the direction from the front surface of a paper surface to a back surface. A cross (x) has shown that an electric current flows in the direction from the back surface to the front surface.

The 1st coil part 4a is inserted in the 1st slot S1 and the 6th slot S6. As shown in FIG. 2, the coil edge 41a on the U-phase terminal 40 side of the plurality of coil edges of the first coil portion 4a is positioned on the most tooth line side among the coil edges in the first slot S1. It is located. Moreover, the coil edge 42a of the most terminal side among the some coil edges of the 1st coil part 4a is located in the most tooth side among the coil edges in 6th slot S6. The "coil edge" is a portion of each coil portion 4a to 4h that is inserted into the slots S1 to S48 and extends along the slots S1 to S48 (in a direction perpendicular to the surface of FIG. 2). Means.

The second coil part 4b is inserted into the seventh slot S7 and the twelfth slot S12. The coil edge 41b on the most U-phase terminal 40 side among the plurality of coil edges of the second coil portion 4b is positioned on the tooth line side of the coil edges in the twelfth slot S12. Moreover, the coil edge 42b of the most terminal side among the some coil edges of the 2nd coil part 4b is located in the most tooth side among the coil edges in 7th slot S7. The winding direction of the second coil part 4b is opposite to the winding direction of the first coil part 4a.

The third coil portion 4c is inserted into the thirteenth slot S13 and the eighteenth slot S18. The coil side 41c of the U-phase terminal 40 side among the some coil edges of the 3rd coil part 4c is located in the tooth line side among the coil edges in the 13th slot S13. Moreover, the coil edge 42c of the most terminal side among the some coil edges of the 3rd coil part 4c is located in the most tooth side among the coil edges in 18th slot S18. And the winding direction of the 3rd coil part 4c is the same as the winding direction of the 1st coil part 4a, and is reverse to the winding direction of the 2nd coil part 4b.

4th coil part 4d is inserted in 19th slot S19 and 24th slot S24. Among the plurality of coil edges of the fourth coil portion 4d, the coil edge 41d on the U-phase terminal 40 side is positioned at the tooth line side most among the coil edges in the twenty-fourth slot S24. Moreover, the coil side 42d of the most end side among the some coil edge | side of the 4th coil part 4d is located in the most tooth side among the coil sides in 19th slot S19. The winding direction of the fourth coil part 4d is the same as the winding direction of the second coil part 4b, and is opposite to the winding directions of the first coil part 4a and the third coil part 4c. .

Also for the 8th coil part 4h (refer FIG. 1) from the 5th coil part 4e, it is the same as the structure of the 4th coil part 4d from the said 1st coil part 4a. That is, the winding direction of the 5th coil part 4e and the 7th coil part 4g is the same as the winding direction of the 1st coil part 4a, and 6th coil part 4f and 8th coil part 4h. Winding direction is the same as the winding direction of the 2nd coil part 4b. In other words, the winding directions of the eight coil portions 4a to 4h of the U-phase coil 4 are alternately reversed.

The connecting parts 4p-4u shown in FIG. 1 are the parts which span between the coil parts 4a-4d and the coil parts 4e-4h among the coils 4. As described above, the coil side on the U-phase terminal 40 side of the coil sides of each of the coil portions 4a to 4h (for example, the coil sides 41a, 41b, 41c, and 41d shown in FIG. 2). Is located on the tooth line side of each of the slots S1 to S48, and the coil edges (for example, coil edges 42a, 42b, 42c, and 42d shown in FIG. 2) on the most neutral point 10 side are respectively. Is located on the tooth side of slots S1 to S48. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the connection parts 4p-4r are provided between the coil parts 4a-4d over the tooth line side from the tooth line side. Although not shown, the same is true for the connection portions 4s to 4u. Hereinafter, as shown in FIG. 3, the connection part which connects the 1st coil part 4a and the 2nd coil part 4b in the 1st coil 11 is called 1st connection part 4p, and is 3rd The connection part connecting the coil part 4c and the 4th coil part 4d is called the 2nd connection part 4q and the 3rd connection part 4r sequentially. Similarly, the second coil 12 also has a connection portion connecting the fifth coil portion 4e and the sixth coil portion 4f to the seventh coil portion 4g and the eighth coil portion 4h. Up to the connection part is called the 4th connection part 4s thru | or the 6th connection part 4u sequentially.

The first connecting portion 4p is provided from the tooth side of the sixth slot S6 to the tooth line side of the twelfth slot S12. The second connecting portion 4q is provided from the tooth side of the seventh slot S7 to the tooth line side of the thirteenth slot S13. The 3rd connection part 4r is provided from the tooth side of the 18th slot S18 to the tooth line side of the 24th slot S24. 4th connection part 4s is provided from the tooth side of 30th slot S30 to the tooth line side of a 36th slot (not shown). About the 5th connection part 4t thru | or 6th connection part 4u, since it is the same structure as the 1st connection part 4p thru | or the 3rd connection part 4r, description is abbreviate | omitted.

In the 1st connection part 4p, as shown to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the coil 4 is twisted 180 degrees. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, in the coil edge 42a on the most tooth side of the sixth slot S6, the first element wire W1 located on the most tooth side among the plurality of element wires W is formed. In the coil side 41b of the most tooth line side of 12 slot S12, it is located in the tooth line side among the some element wire W. As shown in FIG. In addition, in the coil side 42a of the most tooth side of 6th slot S6, the 15th element wire W15 located in the tooth line side is the coil side 41b of the tooth side of 12th slot S12. ) Is located on the most tooth side. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, although the 1st element wire W1 is located in the most tooth side in each coil side of 6th slot S6, it is the tooth line most in each coil side of 12th slot S12. It is located on the side. In addition, the fifteenth element W15 is located on the most tooth side at each coil side of the sixth slot S6, but is located at the most tooth side at each coil side of the twelfth slot S1. In FIG. 5, all of the circles of the white circle represent the first element wires W1, and all of the hatched circles represent the fifteenth element wires W15.

Also about the other element wire W, the position of each coil side of the 6th slot S6 and each coil side of the 12th slot S12 is changed to the tooth line side and the tooth | gear side.

Also in the 2nd connection part 4q-the 6th connection part 4u, the coil 4 is twisted 180 degree like the 1st connection part 4p.

<Characteristic>

FIG. 7 shows actual measurement data of inductance of the stator coil. This data is based on the first inductance W1 of the stator 3 according to the present embodiment, the inductance of the fifteenth element W15 and the inductance of the element wires W1 to W15 of the stator provided in the conventional motor. It measured at both ends of the four coil parts of the coil 11. In FIG. 7, the line L1 has shown the inductance of each wire | wire W1-W15 in the electric motor 1 which concerns on a present Example. Line L2 has shown the inductance of each element wire W1-W15 in the conventional electric motor.

In the conventional stator, the inductance is significantly reduced from the element wire W1 to the element wire W15. In the stator 3 according to the present embodiment, the inductance is applied from the element wire W1 to the element wire W15. The fall is very suppressed.

In the conventional stator, since the nonuniformity of the magnitude of inductance for each element wire is large, when the same alternating voltage, ie, an alternating voltage, is applied to the bundles of the element wires W at once, a large amount of current is caused by the element wires W having small inductances. Flows down the overall efficiency of the coil. On the other hand, according to the stator 3 according to the present embodiment, since the nonuniformity of the inductance between the element wires W is suppressed, the fall of the overall efficiency is suppressed, and as a result, the coil efficiency higher than the conventional electric motor can be obtained.

In addition, even if the same current flows, the higher the coil efficiency, that is, the more magnetic flux is generated, leading to the generation of a large torque, so that the motor efficiency is also increased. Therefore, in the electric motor 1 which concerns on a present Example, motor efficiency can be improved compared with the conventional electric motor. In addition, since the motor efficiency is improved compared with the related art, higher output power, smaller size, and lighter weight can be realized as compared with the related art.

<Other Example>

(a)

The number of slots and teeth of the core, the number of element wires constituting the coil, the number of coil portions, and the connection portions are not limited to the above, but different numbers may be used.

(b)

In the above embodiment, the electric motor including the armature according to the present invention as the stator has been described, but the armature according to the present invention may be provided as the rotor.

(c)

In the above embodiment, the coils are in a twisted shape in all the connecting parts, but the coils may be in a twisted shape in some connecting parts. For example, the shape twisted in the 2nd connection part 4q and the 5th connection part 4t may be sufficient. Also in this case, the inductance can be averaged similarly to the above, and the same effects as described above can be obtained.

(d)

In the above-mentioned embodiment, although the U-phase coil 4 has the 1st coil 11 and the 2nd coil 12 connected in parallel, all the coil parts may be connected in series. For example, all eight coil parts similar to the above embodiment may be connected in series. Also in this case, the coil may be twisted in all the connecting portions, and the coil may be twisted in some connecting portions.

In addition, the position of the connection part in which torsion is formed differs according to the pole number of the rotor 2 of a motor. The number of coils in the coil of the stator corresponds to the number of poles of the rotor 2 of the motor. For example, when the number of poles of the rotor 2 of the motor is four, the number of coils is four. In this case, the number of connecting portions is three, and in order to align the coil inductance between the element wires, it is preferable to form a twist of 180 degrees only on the second moving line or a twist of 180 degrees on all the moving lines.

And in the case of a multiphase motor, in order to maintain the balance of the coil form of each phase, it is preferable to unify the position of the connection part in which a twist is formed also with each phase.

[Availability above the industry]

Since the present invention has the effect of improving the motor efficiency, it is useful as an armature and an electric motor of an electric motor.

1: electric motor
3: stator (armature)
4: U-phase coil (coil)
4a ~ 4h: coil part
4p ~ 4u: connection
31: core
S1-S48: Slot
T1-T48: Teeth
W: elementary wire

Claims (4)

A core having a plurality of slots and a plurality of teeth formed between the slots;
A coil comprising a bundle of a plurality of element wires, the coil having a plurality of coil parts inserted into the slot and wound over the plurality of teeth, and a connecting part connecting the coil parts, and twisted in the connecting part. The coil having a twisted shape
Including, the armature of the electric motor. The method of claim 1,
The armature of the electric motor, wherein the connecting portion is provided from the tooth line side of the tooth to the tooth side. The method of claim 1,
The armature of the electric motor, the twisted angle at the connection of the coil is 180 degrees. An electric motor comprising the armature according to any one of claims 1 to 3 as a stator.

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