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KR20100024153A - The treating apparatus of waste insulating oil with polychlorinated biphenyls and the treating method thereof - Google Patents

The treating apparatus of waste insulating oil with polychlorinated biphenyls and the treating method thereof Download PDF

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KR20100024153A
KR20100024153A KR1020080082871A KR20080082871A KR20100024153A KR 20100024153 A KR20100024153 A KR 20100024153A KR 1020080082871 A KR1020080082871 A KR 1020080082871A KR 20080082871 A KR20080082871 A KR 20080082871A KR 20100024153 A KR20100024153 A KR 20100024153A
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tank
treatment
insulating oil
exhaust gas
sodium
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KR1020080082871A
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KR101000462B1 (en
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김병문
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김병문
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
    • B01D2259/818—Employing electrical discharges or the generation of a plasma

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: An apparatus for processing waste insulating oil in which polychlorinated biphenyl is contained is provided to environment-friendlily discharge the waste insulating oil by purifying the polychlorinated biphenyl component through an exhaust gas disposal part. CONSTITUTION: An apparatus for processing waste insulating oil in which polychlorinated biphenyl is contained comprises: an pre-treatment tank(2) which stores waste insulating oil and preheats the oil; a reaction bath(10) in which metallic sodium is melted and the melted sodium is desalted by chemically reacting with the polychlorinated biphenyl contained in the waste insulating oil; a post-treatment bath(21) which sends the waste insulating oil to a processed oil reservoir(24) and sends sodium chloride and all kinds of the precipitates to a separation collecting tub(27); and an exhaust gas disposal part(32) which desalts the polychlorinated biphenyl included in exhaust gas and discharges the gas.

Description

폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유 처리장치 및 방법{The treating apparatus of waste insulating oil with polychlorinated biphenyls and the treating method thereof}The treating apparatus of waste insulating oil with polychlorinated biphenyls and the treating method

본 발명은 폴리염화비페닐(polychlorinated biphenyls; PCBs)이 함유된 폐절연유를 환경친화적으로 무해하게 분해 처리하는 장치 및 방법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 통상의 폐 변압기나 콘덴서, 안전기, 차단기 등의 용기로부터의 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유가 일정량 투입 저장되어 일정온도로 예열되도록 하는 전처리조와, 상기 전처리조로부터의 예열된 폐절연유가 이송되어 일정량 투입 저장되며 탈염소시약인 금속나트륨이 투입된 상태에서 일정온도로 가온되어 상기 금속나트륨이 용융되면서 교반혼합되고 폐절연유에 함유된 폴리염화비페닐과 용융된 나트륨이 화학반응되어 탈염처리되도록 하는 반응조와, 상기 반응조로부터의 탈염처리된 폐절연유가 이송되어 일정량 투입 저장된 상태에서 상온 냉각처리하여 탈염처리시 생성된 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물이 침전되도록 하면서 비중이 작아 상부에 뜬 폐절연유는 처리유저장조로 보내고 비중이 커서 침전된 상기 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물은 분리회수조로 보내는 후처리조와, 상기 후처리조로부터 이송된 염화나 트륨 및 각종 침전물을 내부에 구비된 거름망으로 걸러내면서 내부의 온도가 금속나트륨의 용융점이상으로 가온 유지되어 침전물에 포함된 금속나트륨이 재용융 회수되고 상기 반응조로 보내져 재사용되도록 하는 분리회수조와, 상기 전처리조와 반응조와 후처리조에서 발생되는 배출가스를 내부에 액상나트륨이 일정수위로 저장된 배출가스처리기를 통과시켜 배출가스에 포함된 폴리염화비페닐이 탈염처리되도록 하고 정화필터로 필터링하여 정화처리된 가스가 배출되도록 하는 배출가스처리부로 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유 처리장치 및 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for environmentally harmless decomposition of waste insulating oil containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and more particularly, to conventional waste transformers, capacitors, safety devices, circuit breakers, etc. The pre-treatment tank containing the polychlorinated biphenyl containing polychlorinated biphenyl from the vessel of the pre-treatment tank is stored and preheated to a predetermined temperature, and the pre-heated waste insulating oil from the pretreatment tank is transferred and stored in a predetermined amount. A reaction tank which is heated to a predetermined temperature in an input state and mixed with stirring while the metal sodium is melted, and polychlorinated biphenyl and molten sodium contained in the waste insulating oil are chemically desalted and desalted waste insulating oil from the reaction tank. Chloride produced during desalting by cooling at room temperature while stored The waste insulating oil floated on the upper part with the small specific gravity while allowing the precipitate and various precipitates to be precipitated is sent to the treatment oil storage tank, and the sodium chloride and various precipitates precipitated due to the high specific gravity are sent to the separate recovery tank, and the chloride or nasal transferred from the after treatment tank. Separation recovery tank for filtering the sodium and various precipitates with a sieve provided therein to maintain the temperature inside the melting point of the sodium metal so that the metal sodium contained in the precipitate is remelted and sent back to the reactor for reuse. The exhaust gas generated from the tank, the reaction tank, and the after-treatment tank is passed through the exhaust gas processor in which the liquid sodium is stored at a certain level so that the polychlorinated biphenyls contained in the exhaust gas are desalted and filtered by a purifying filter. Characterized in that consisting of the exhaust gas processing unit to be discharged Poly relates to an apparatus and method for processing waste transformer oil containing the polychlorinated biphenyl that.

폴리염화비페닐(polychlorinated biphenyl; PCBs)은 절연유, 열매체, 윤활유, 가소(可塑) 등 다용도로 사용되고 있어 이용가치가 매우 높으며, 불연성이고 열변성의 우려가 없으며 절연성 또는 전기적 특성이 훌륭하고 매우 화학적으로 안정하기 때문에 여러 용도에 걸쳐 사용되고 있는 물질로서, 기본적으로 비페닐(C6H5-C6H5)에서 열개의 수소원자 위치에 결합된 수소가 1 ~ 10개의 염소 원자로 치환된 화합물로 되어 있으며 이론적으로 242종의 이성질체가 있을 수 있으나, 실제 사용되는 것은 약 100여 종으로 열을 가해도 분해되지 않으며 물에 불용성이고 전기적 절연성이 뛰어나기 때문에 변압기, 콘덴서 등 전기제품의 절연류로 사용되어 왔다.Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are widely used for insulating oils, heating mediums, lubricants, and plasticizers, and thus have high value for use. Therefore, as a substance used for various purposes, it is basically a compound in which hydrogen bonded at ten hydrogen atom positions in biphenyl (C 6 H 5 -C 6 H 5 ) is substituted with 1 to 10 chlorine atoms. There may be 242 kinds of isomers, but about 100 kinds of isomers are actually used as insulations of electrical products such as transformers and capacitors because they are not decomposed even when heated and insoluble in water and have excellent electrical insulation.

그러나, 폴리염화비페닐은 사용 후 하수처리장에 그대로 유입되어 환경파괴 및 생태계의 변화를 야기시키게 되는데 이러한 폴리염화비페닐을 환경적으로 별다른 대책 없이 사용하여 오다가 점차 심각한 오염물질로 밝혀져 1976년부터 전세계적으로 그에 대한 생산과 사용이 중지되었으나 세계적으로 이미 100만 톤의 폴리염화비페닐이 자연계에 방출되었고 폐기처분할 양도 200만톤에 이르고 있으며, 우리나라에서도 현재 처리할 폴리염화비페닐이 다량인 것으로 알려져 있는 바 이들의 효율적 분해방법이 절실히 요구되고 있다.However, polychlorinated biphenyls are introduced into sewage treatment plants after use, causing environmental destruction and changes in ecosystems. Since these polychlorinated biphenyls are used without any environmental measures, they are gradually identified as serious pollutants. Its production and use has been stopped worldwide, but in the world, 1 million tons of polychlorinated biphenyls have been released to nature, and the disposal and disposal amount is 2 million tons. It is known that there is an urgent need for an efficient decomposition method thereof.

현재 미국 환경청(US EPA)에 따르면 90종류 이상의 기술들이 폴리염화비페닐을 처리할 수 있는 것으로 보고되고 있으며, 지금까지 폴리염화비페닐 등과 같은 유해화학물질을 처리하는 기술은 크게 생물화학적 처리기술, 열적처리기술, 물리적 또는 화학적 처리기술 등이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다.Currently, according to the US EPA, more than 90 kinds of technologies are reported to be able to process polychlorinated biphenyls. Until now, technologies for treating harmful chemicals such as polychlorinated biphenyls are largely biochemical treatment technologies, It is known that there are thermal treatment techniques, physical or chemical treatment techniques, and the like.

폴리염화비페닐 처리에 효과가 있는 효소 등을 이용하는 생물학적 처리의 경우, 폴리염화비페닐로 오염된 다양한 매질에 적용이 가능하고 잔류물의 생성이 최소인 장점이 있으나, 장기간의 처리시간이 소요되고 처리효율이 폴리염화비페닐 농도에 크게 영향을 받는다는 단점이 있다.In the case of biological treatment using an enzyme or the like which is effective in treating polychlorinated biphenyls, it is applicable to various media contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls and has the advantage of minimizing the generation of residues. The disadvantage is that the efficiency is greatly influenced by the polychlorinated biphenyl concentration.

열적처리기술의 경우, 처리속도가 빠르고 처리된 폐기물의 부피가 작다는 장점이 있으나, 액상·기체상의 매질에 적용하기에는 한계가 있으며 상대적으로 고비용이 소요되고 처리 후 생성된 잔유물의 추가 처리가 필요하다는 단점이 있으며, 폴리염화비페닐 함유제품을 일반적인 방법으로 소각할 경우 폴리염화비페닐보다 독성이 강한 다이옥신류를 비롯한 다환방향족 탄화수소 등이 부산물로 생성되는 것이 보고되고 있어 소각에 의해 폴리염화비페닐을 함유한 절연유를 안전하게 처리하는 데는 한계가 있다. 특히 유해한 다이옥신 등이 생성 배출된다는 것이 알려지면서부터 소각장을 설치하는 지역에서 주민들의 강력한 반대로 인하여 국내에서는 외국으로 수출하여 위탁처리하거나 장기간 보관하는 경우가 많으며 장기간 보관하는 경우 폴리염화비페닐 함유 폐기물로부터 폴리염화비페닐이 환경 중으로 배출되어 주변환경을 오염시킬 위험 또한 크다.The thermal treatment technology has advantages in that the processing speed is high and the volume of the treated waste is small. However, it is limited to be applied to liquid and gaseous media, which is relatively expensive, and requires further treatment of residues generated after the treatment. In case of incineration of polychlorinated biphenyl-containing products in a general manner, polychlorinated biphenyls are reported to be produced as by-products such as dioxin and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are more toxic than polychlorinated biphenyls. There is a limit to the safe handling of insulating oils. In particular, since it is known that harmful dioxins are produced and discharged, due to the strong opposition of residents in the area where incinerators are installed, they are often exported to foreign countries for consignment or long-term storage. There is also a high risk that biphenyl chloride will be released into the environment and contaminate the environment.

자외선에 의한 분해법은 분해 효율이 낮다는 단점이 있고, 산화제에 의한 화학적 분해방법은 수 시간으로 분해 가능하지만 산화제에 의한 장치재료의 부식이 문제가 되고 있으며, 초임계수에 의한 산화분해법은 에너지 소비가 지나치게 크다는 문제점이 있다.Decomposition by ultraviolet light has a disadvantage of low decomposition efficiency, and chemical decomposition by oxidizing agent can decompose in several hours, but corrosion of device material by oxidizing agent is a problem, and oxidative decomposition by supercritical water consumes energy. There is a problem that is too large.

또한, 화학적 처리기술의 경우, 열적 처리기술과 마찬가지로 처리 후 생성된 잔유물의 추가 처리가 필요한 단점이 있으나, 처리속도가 빠르고 폴리염화비페닐로 오염된 다양한 매질에 적용이 가능하며 고농도의 폴리염화비페닐 처리도 가능하며 재활용 기술로도 활용할 수 있는 장점이 있다. In addition, in the case of chemical treatment technology, there is a disadvantage that additional treatment of residues generated after treatment is required like thermal treatment technology, but the treatment speed is fast and can be applied to various media contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls. It is also possible to process phenyl and can be utilized as recycling technology.

상용화된 폴리염화비페닐의 화학적 분해반응으로는 금속나트륨 분산체법(일본 북해도), 탈염소화분해법(일본 도요다), 알카리촉매분해법(미국, 일본, 호주) 수소처리 탈염소화촉매반응법(일본 오사카), 탈염소화분해법(일본 큐슈, 캐나다), 수열산화분해법(일본 동경), 유기금속알카리분해법(일본), 화학추출분해법(일본) 및 초임계수산화법(미국, 일본)등이 있다.Chemical decomposition reactions of commercialized polychlorinated biphenyls include metal sodium dispersion method (North Hokkaido), dechlorination method (Toyoda, Japan), and alkaline catalyst decomposition method (USA, Japan, Australia). Hydrogenated dechlorination catalyst reaction method (Osaka, Japan) Dehydrochlorination (Kyushu, Canada), hydrothermal oxidation (Tokyo, Japan), organometallic alkali decomposition (Japan), chemical extraction (Japan) and supercritical hydroxide (U.S., Japan).

한편, 일본 특허공보 특개평 10-316798호에는 절연유에 함유된 폴리염화비페닐의 처리를 위하여 폴리염화비페닐을 함유하는 절연유에 에틸알코올, 에틸렌글리 콜 및 알카리성 수산화물을 첨가하고 자외선을 조사하여 탈염소화하는 방법이 기재되어 있으며, 일본 특허공개공보 2001-29942호에는 광촉매로 산화티타늄을 이용하여 절연유에 함유된 폴리염화비페닐을 처리하는 방법이 기재되어 있다.On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-316798 discloses desalination by adding ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, and alkaline hydroxide to insulating oil containing polychlorinated biphenyl to treat polychlorinated biphenyl contained in insulating oil. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-29942 discloses a method for treating polychlorinated biphenyls contained in insulating oil using titanium oxide as a photocatalyst.

화학적 탈염소화 분해반응으로 금속나트륨 분산체법을 사용한 일본 실용화 업체의 처리 공정을 보면, 하루에 폴리염화비페닐을 포함한 절연유를 0.5톤 처리하는데 부지면적 약 24000㎡의 큰 건물을 건설하여 사용하고 있으며, 여기에 전처리 공정으로 변압기에서 절연유를 발유하고 변압기에 부착된 폴리염화비폐닐을 변압기에서 제거하기 위해 진공가열 분리 공정을 수행하고, 변압기를 파쇄한 다음 변압기 부재를 세정하는 공정을 수행한 다음 반응로에서 절연유에 금속 나트륨을 가하여 폴리염화비페닐을 처리하는 공정으로 되어 있다. 이 경우 전처리공정이 복잡하기 때문에 큰 부지의 공장이 필요한 단점이 있고 진공설비 등의 설비비용이 고비용으로 발생되며 변압기의 파쇄후 세정하는 공정에서 폴리염화비페닐 성분이 다량 유출되는 문제점이 있었다.In the process of the Japanese commercialization company using the metal sodium dispersion method for chemical dechlorination decomposition reaction, a large building with an area of about 24000㎡ is used to process 0.5 tons of insulating oil including polychlorinated biphenyls in one day. The pre-treatment process is to insulate the oil from the transformer and to carry out vacuum heating separation process to remove the polychlorinated chlorinated silil attached to the transformer from the transformer, crush the transformer, and then clean the transformer member. Is a process of treating polychlorinated biphenyls by adding metallic sodium to insulating oil. In this case, the complex of the pretreatment process has a disadvantage that a large site factory is required, and equipment costs such as vacuum facilities are generated at a high cost, and polychlorinated biphenyl components are leaked in the process of cleaning after crushing the transformer.

본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점들을 해결하기 위한 것으로 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 절연유를 금속나트륨 분산체법을 이용한 화학적 분해 처리방법으로 처리하면서 반응조 및 후처리조에서 발생되는 반응생성물인 염화나트륨과 각종 침전물을 분리회수조에서 효과적으로 거름 제거하는 동시에 상기 반응조에 투입되는 탈염소시약인 금속나트륨을 상기 분리회수조를 통해 회수 및 재사용하여 처리효율을 높이고, 전처리조와 반응조와 후처리조에서 발생되는 배출가스 중의 폴리염화비페닐 성분을 배출가스처리기와 플라즈마가열관 및 정화필터가 구비된 배출가스처리부에서 정화처리하여 환경친화적으로 무해한 상태로 배출하며, 또한 폴리염화비페닐이 포함된 절연유가 담겨있던 각 용기를 압축공기 및 탈염소시약으로 세정하고 가열로에서 고온으로 가열하여 상기 용기의 내측면에 들러붙어 있는 고체상태의 폴리염화비페닐성분을 기체화하고 상기 배출가스처리부로 보내 정화처리되도록 하는 것에 그 목적이 있다.The present invention is to solve the above problems, while treating the insulating oil containing polychlorinated biphenyls by chemical decomposition treatment method using the metal sodium dispersion method, sodium chloride and various precipitates which are reaction products generated in the reaction tank and the after-treatment tank. It effectively removes the manure from the separate recovery tank and simultaneously recovers and reuses the dechlorination reagent metal sodium, which is introduced into the reaction tank, through the separation recovery tank to increase the treatment efficiency. Chlorinated biphenyl is purified in an exhaust gas treatment unit equipped with an exhaust gas processor, a plasma heating tube, and a purification filter, and is discharged in an environmentally harmless state. Also, each container containing polyvinyl chloride biphenyl containing insulating oil is compressed. Cleaned with air and dechlorinated reagents and heated in a high temperature furnace Heating the gas to screen the inner surface of polychlorinated biphenyl component in solid form in a clutching of the container and to it is an object to be processed to purify the exhaust gas directed to the processing unit.

이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 통상의 폐 변압기나 콘덴서, 안전기, 차단기 등의 용기로부터의 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유가 일정량 투입 저장되어 일정온도로 예열되도록 하는 전처리조와, 상기 전처리조로부터의 예열된 폐절연유가 이송되어 일정량 투입 저장되며 탈염소시약인 금속나트륨이 투입된 상태에서 일정 온도로 가온되어 상기 금속나트륨이 용융되면서 교반혼합되고 폐절연유에 함유된 폴리염화비페닐과 용융된 나트륨이 화학반응되어 탈염처리되도록 하는 반응조와, 상기 반응조로부터의 탈염처리된 폐절연유가 이송되어 일정량 투입 저장된 상태에서 상온 냉각처리하여 탈염처리시 생성된 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물이 침전되도록 하면서 비중이 작아 상부에 뜬 폐절연유는 처리유저장조로 보내고 비중이 커서 침전된 상기 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물은 분리회수조로 보내는 후처리조와, 상기 후처리조로부터 이송된 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물을 내부에 구비된 거름망으로 걸러내면서 내부의 온도가 금속나트륨의 용융점이상으로 가온 유지되어 침전물에 포함된 금속나트륨이 재용융 회수되고 상기 반응조로 보내져 재사용되도록 하는 분리회수조와, 상기 전처리조와 반응조와 후처리조에서 발생되는 배출가스를 내부에 액상나트륨이 일정수위로 저장된 배출가스처리기를 통과시켜 배출가스에 포함된 폴리염화비페닐이 탈염처리되도록 하고 정화필터로 필터링하여 정화처리된 가스가 배출되도록 하는 배출가스처리부로 구성된 것에 본 발명의 특징이 있다.In order to achieve this purpose, a pretreatment tank for storing and preheating a predetermined amount of waste insulating oil containing polychlorinated biphenyls from a container such as a conventional waste transformer, a condenser, a safety device, or a breaker and preheating it to a predetermined temperature; The preheated waste insulating oil is transferred and stored in a certain amount. The sodium chloride, a dechlorinated reagent, is heated and then heated to a certain temperature, and the metal sodium is melted and mixed. The polychlorinated biphenyl and molten sodium contained in the waste insulating oil are chemically mixed. The reaction tank for reacting and desalting the waste, and the waste insulating oil desalted from the reaction tank is transferred and cooled in room temperature in a predetermined amount, so that sodium chloride and various precipitates generated during the desalting process are precipitated, and the specific gravity is small. The insulating oil is sent to the treatment oil storage tank and the specific gravity is large, Sodium sulfide and various precipitates are filtered through a post-treatment tank sent to a separate recovery tank, and the sodium chloride and various precipitates transferred from the post-treatment tank are filtered through a filtering net provided therein, and the internal temperature is maintained above the melting point of the metal sodium and included in the precipitate. Separation recovery tank for reusing and recovering the molten metal sodium is sent to the reaction tank and reused, and exhaust gas generated in the pretreatment tank, the reaction tank and the after-treatment tank through an exhaust gas treatment device in which liquid sodium is stored at a predetermined level. The polychlorinated biphenyl contained in the desalination treatment and filtering by a purifying filter is configured as an exhaust gas processing unit for discharging the purified gas has a feature of the present invention.

상기와 같이 본 발명에 의하면 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 절연유를 금속나트륨 분산체법을 이용한 화학적 분해 처리방법으로 처리하면서 반응조 및 후처리조에서 발생되는 반응생성물인 염화나트륨과 각종 침전물을 분리회수조에서 효과적으로 거름 제거하는 동시에 상기 반응조에 투입되는 탈염소시약인 금속나트륨을 상기 분리회수조를 통해 회수 및 재사용하여 전체적인 처리효율을 높일 수 있고, 전처리조 와 반응조와 후처리조에서 발생되는 배출가스 중의 폴리염화비페닐 성분을 배출가스처리기와 플라즈마가열관 및 정화필터가 구비된 배출가스처리부에서 정화처리하여 환경친화적으로 무해한 상태로 배출할 수 있으며, 또한 폴리염화비페닐이 포함된 절연유가 담겨있던 각 용기를 압축공기 및 탈염소시약으로 세정하고 가열로에서 고온으로 가열하여 상기 용기의 내측면에 들러붙어 있는 고체상태의 폴리염화비페닐성분을 기체화하고 상기 배출가스처리부로 보내 간단한 처리공정으로 환경친화적으로 무해하게 정화처리되도록 할 수 있는 효과가 있다.As described above, according to the present invention, while treating the insulating oil containing polychlorinated biphenyl by the chemical decomposition treatment method using the metal sodium dispersion method, sodium chloride and various precipitates generated in the reaction tank and the after-treatment tank are effectively used in a separate recovery tank. Simultaneously removing the manganese, which is a dechlorination reagent that is added to the reaction tank, can be recovered and reused through the separation recovery tank to improve the overall treatment efficiency, and polychlorination in the exhaust gas generated from the pretreatment tank, the reaction tank, and the after treatment tank. The biphenyl component can be purified and discharged in an environmentally harmless state by purifying the exhaust gas treatment unit equipped with an exhaust gas processor, a plasma heating tube, and a purification filter, and each container containing insulating oil containing polychlorinated biphenyls can be discharged. Clean with compressed air and dechlorination reagent There is an effect that can be heated to a gas screen polychlorinated biphenyl component in solid form which stuck to the inner surface of the container and a simple process harmless to the purification treatment as in an environmentally sound sent to the exhaust gas processing portion.

이하 본 발명에 따른 바람직한 구성을 도면에 의해 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the preferred configuration according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

본 발명에 따른 폐절연유처리장치(1)는 도 1 내지 4에 도시된 바와 같이 폐 변압기나 콘덴서, 안전기, 차단기 등의 절연을 위해 사용된 폴리염화비페닐(polychlorinated biphenyls; PCBs)이 함유된 폐절연유를 환경친화적으로 무해하게 분해 처리하는 장치로서, 통상의 폐 변압기나 콘덴서, 안전기, 차단기 등의 용기(4)로부터의 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유가 일정량 투입 저장되어 일정온도로 예열되도록 하는 전처리조(2)와, 상기 전처리조(2)로부터의 예열된 폐절연유가 이송되어 일정량 투입 저장되며 탈염소시약인 금속나트륨이 투입된 상태에서 일정온도로 가온되어 상기 금속나트륨이 용융되면서 교반혼합되고 폐절연유에 함유된 폴리염화비페닐과 용융된 나트륨이 화학반응되어 탈염처리되도록 하는 반응조(10)와, 상기 반응조(10)로부터의 탈염처리된 폐절연유가 이송되어 일정량 투입 저장된 상태에서 상온 냉각처리하여 탈염처리시 생성된 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물이 침전되도록 하면서 비중이 작아 상부에 뜬 폐절연유는 처리유저장조(24)로 보내고 비중이 커서 침전된 상기 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물은 분리회수조(27)로 보내는 후처리조(21)와, 상기 후처리조(21)로부터 이송된 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물을 내부에 구비된 거름망(29)으로 걸러내면서 내부의 온도가 금속나트륨의 용융점이상으로 가온 유지되어 침전물에 포함된 금속나트륨이 재용융 회수되고 상기 반응조(10)로 보내져 재사용되도록 하는 분리회수조(27)와, 상기 전처리조(2)와 반응조(10)와 후처리조(21)에서 발생되는 배출가스를 내부에 액상나트륨이 일정수위로 저장된 배출가스처리기(33)를 통과시켜 배출가스에 포함된 폴리염화비페닐이 탈염처리되도록 하고 정화필터(34)로 필터링하여 정화처리된 가스가 배출되도록 하는 배출가스처리부(32)로 구성되어 있다.The waste insulating oil treatment apparatus 1 according to the present invention includes polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) used for insulation of waste transformers, capacitors, safety devices, and circuit breakers, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. As a device for environmentally harmless decomposition of waste insulating oil, waste insulating oil containing polychlorinated biphenyl from a container 4 such as a conventional waste transformer, a condenser, a safety device, or a breaker is charged and stored at a constant temperature. The pretreatment tank 2 to be preheated, and the preheated waste insulating oil from the pretreatment tank 2 are transferred and stored in a predetermined amount, and warmed to a predetermined temperature in a state where a dechlorination reagent, metal sodium, is added to melt the metal sodium. A reaction tank (10) for chemically reacting and desalting polychlorinated biphenyl and molten sodium contained in the waste insulating oil by stirring and desalting from the reaction tank (10) Waste insulation oil is transferred to a predetermined amount and stored at room temperature in a stored state to allow sodium chloride and various precipitates to be precipitated during desalting to precipitate, and the waste insulation oil floated on the upper portion is sent to the treatment oil storage tank 24 and the specific gravity is large. Sodium chloride and various precipitates are filtered through a post-treatment tank 21 sent to a separate recovery tank 27, and sodium chloride and various precipitates transferred from the post-treatment tank 21 by a filtering net 29 provided therein. Separation and recovery tank 27 and the pre-treatment tank 2 and the reaction tank 10 to be kept warm above the melting point of the noble metal sodium to be remelted and recovered by re-melting and sent to the reaction tank (10) And polychlorination contained in the exhaust gas by passing the exhaust gas generated from the after-treatment tank 21 through the exhaust gas processor 33 in which the liquid sodium is stored at a predetermined level. The biphenyl is desalted, and the exhaust gas treatment unit 32 is configured to filter the filtered filter 34 to discharge the purified gas.

상기 전처리조(2)는 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 소정의 통형상 케이싱으로 되어 있으며 일측 상부에는 유입펌프(3)에 의해 통상의 변압기나 콘덴서, 안전기, 차단기 등의 용기(4)로부터 발유(拔油)된 폐절연유가 유입되는 전처리조유입구(5)가 형성되어 있어 전처리조(2) 내부에 일정량의 폐절연유가 유입 저장되도록 되어 있고 내부에는 통상의 가열히터(6a)가 설치되어 있어 내부에 유입된 폐절연유를 대략 50 ~ 70℃ 정도로 예열하여 상기 반응조(10)에서 빠른 시간내에 화학반응이 이루어 지게 전처리하도록 되어 있으며 타측 하부에는 전처리조배출구(7)가 형성되어 있어 예열처리된 폐절연유를 상기 반응조(10)로 보내도록 되어 있고, 상기 전처리조(2)의 타측 상부 내측에는 유량감지센서(8a)가 설치되어 있어 폐절연유가 일정량 유입되어 감지되면 용기(4)로부터 발유된 폐절연유가 더 이상 유입되지 않게 유입펌프(3)의 작동을 제어하도록 되어 있다.The pretreatment tank 2 is a predetermined cylindrical casing as shown in FIG. (Iii) A pretreatment tank inlet 5 through which the waste insulation oil flows is formed, and a predetermined amount of waste insulation oil flows into and is stored in the pretreatment tank 2, and a normal heating heater 6a is installed inside the vessel. Preheat the waste insulating oil introduced into about 50 ~ 70 ℃ to pre-treat the chemical reaction in the reaction tank 10 in a short time, and the pre-treatment tank outlet 7 is formed on the other side lower pre-treated waste Insulating oil is sent to the reaction tank 10, and a flow rate sensor 8a is installed inside the upper side of the other side of the pretreatment tank 2. It is to control the operation of the inflow pump (3) so that the waste insulating oil generated from the oil is no longer introduced.

또한, 상기 전처리조(2)는 타측 최상부에 전처리조가스배출구(9)가 형성되어 있어 예열시 발생되는 유증기 및 수분을 포함한 각종 배출가스를 상기 배출가스처리부(32)로 보내도록 되어 있다.In addition, the pretreatment tank 2 has a pretreatment tank gas outlet 9 formed at the top of the other side to send various exhaust gases including oil vapor and moisture generated during preheating to the exhaust gas treatment unit 32.

상기 반응조(10)는 도 1 및 2에 도시된 바와 같이 소정의 통형상 케이싱으로 되어 있으며 일측 상부에는 상기 전처리조(2)로부터의 예열된 폐절연유가 유입되는 반응조유입구(11)가 형성되어 있어 내부에 일정량의 전처리된 폐절연유가 유입 저장되도록 되어 있고 내부에는 통상의 가열히터(6b)가 설치되어 있어 내부에 유입된 폐절연유를 대략 100 ~ 150℃정도로 가열하도록 되어 있으며 상부에는 탈염소시약투입구(12)가 형성되어 있어 탈염소시약인 금속나트륨이 반응조(10) 내부로 일정량 투입되면서 용융점이 97.9℃인 금속나트륨이 융융되고 융융된 액상의 나트륨은 폐절연유에 포함된 폴리염화비페닐과 화학반응하여 탈염처리되도록 되어 있으며, 내측 가운데부분에는 수직으로 교반기(13)가 설치되어 있어 내부에 투입된 탈염소시약인 금속나트륨과 폐절연유를 고르게 교반 혼합하도록 되어 있되, 상기 반응 조(10)의 하면부는 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이 일측방향으로 하향 경사지게 경사면(14)으로 형성되어 있어 내부로 투입된 금속나트륨 중 초기에 용융되지 않은 금속나트륨이 경사면(14)을 따라 반응조(10)의 일측 하부로 모이도록 되어 있고 상기 반응조(10)의 일측 하부 내측에는 수직으로 보조교반기(15)가 설치되어 있어 상기 경사면(14)을 따라 흘러내린 금속나트륨을 집중적으로 교반하여 빠른 시간내에 용융처리하도록 되어 있다.The reactor 10 is a predetermined cylindrical casing as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and the reaction tank inlet 11 through which the pre-heated waste insulating oil from the pretreatment tank 2 is introduced is formed at one upper portion. A predetermined amount of pretreated waste insulating oil is introduced into and stored inside, and a normal heating heater 6b is installed inside to heat the waste insulating oil introduced into the vessel to about 100 to 150 ° C. (12) is formed, the metal sodium, which is a dechlorination reagent, is introduced into the reaction tank 10, and the molten metal sodium having a melting point of 97.9 ° C is melted, and the molten liquid sodium is chemically formulated with polychlorinated biphenyls contained in waste insulating oil. The reaction is to be dechlorinated, and the inner center portion is equipped with a vertically stirrer (13), so that the sodium and chlorine dechlorination reagent injected into the waste The condensed milk is to be stirred and mixed evenly, but the lower surface of the reaction tank 10 is formed as an inclined surface 14 inclined downward in one direction as shown in FIG. Sodium is collected along the inclined surface 14 to the lower side of one side of the reaction vessel 10, and the secondary stirrer 15 is installed vertically inside the lower side of the one side of the reaction vessel 10 and flows down along the inclined surface 14. It is intended to melt the metal sodium in a short time by intensive stirring.

상기 반응조(10)는 타측 하부에 경사면(14)보다 상부쪽에 반응조배출구(16)가 형성되어 있어 탈염처리된 폐절연유를 상기 후처리조(21)로 보내도록 되어 있고, 상기 반응조(10)의 타측 상부 내측에는 유량감지센서(8b)가 설치되어 있어 전처리조(2)로부터의 예열된 폐절연유가 일정량 유입되어 감지되면 상기 전처리조(2)의 전처리조배출구(7)와 반응조유입구(11) 사이를 연결하는 배관(17a) 사이에 설치된 이송펌프(18a)의 작동을 제어하여 전처리조(2)로부터의 예열된 폐절연유가 더 이상 유입되지 않게 제어하도록 되어 있으며, 상기 반응조(10)의 타측 최상부에는 반응조가스배출구(19)가 형성되어 있어 탈염처리 반응시 발생되는 유증기 및 수분을 포함한 각종 배출가스를 상기 배출가스처리부(32)로 보내도록 되어 있다.The reactor 10 has a reaction tank outlet 16 formed at an upper side than the inclined surface 14 at the lower side of the reaction tank 10 to send desalted waste insulating oil to the post-treatment tank 21. The other side upper inner side is provided with a flow rate sensor (8b), if a predetermined amount of pre-heated waste insulating oil from the pre-treatment tank 2 is detected, the pre-treatment tank outlet 7 and the reaction tank inlet 11 of the pre-treatment tank (2) By controlling the operation of the transfer pump (18a) installed between the pipe (17a) connecting between the preheating waste oil from the pre-treatment tank (2) to control no more inflow, the other side of the reactor (10) A reactor gas outlet 19 is formed at the uppermost portion to send various exhaust gases including oil vapor and water generated during the desalination reaction to the exhaust gas treatment unit 32.

또한, 상기 반응조(10)는 경사면(14) 일측 하부에 침전물배출구(20a)가 형성되어 있어 탈염처리시 반응생성물로 생성되어 하부에 침전된 고체상태의 염화나트륨(NaCl) 및 미용융 금속나트륨을 포함한 각종 침전물이 이송펌프(18b)를 통해 상기 분리회수조(27)로 보내지도록 되어 있다.In addition, the reaction tank 10 has a precipitate outlet 20a formed at one side of the lower side of the inclined surface 14, which is formed as a reaction product during the desalination process, and includes solid sodium chloride (NaCl) and unmelted metal sodium precipitated at the bottom. Various deposits are sent to the separation recovery tank 27 through a transfer pump 18b.

상기 후처리조(21)는 도 1 및 3에 도시된 바와 같이 하부가 콘형상으로 형성된 통형상의 케이싱으로 되어 있으며 일측 상부에는 상기 반응조(10)로부터의 탈염처리된 폐절연유가 유입되는 후처리조유입구(22)가 형성되어 있어 내부에 일정량의 탈염처리된 폐절연유가 유입 저장되도록 되어 있고 내부에 저장되는 일정량의 탈염처리된 폐절연유가 상온에서 3 ~ 4시간 동안 유지되면서 탈염처리시 생성된 고체상태의 염화나트륨과 상기 반응조(10)에서 미반응되고 남은 용융나트륨이 재결정화되면서 생성된 금속나트륨 등을 포함한 각종 침전물이 침전되도록 되어 있으며, 상기 후처리조(21)의 타측 가운데부분에는 후처리조배출구(23)가 형성되어 있어 비중이 작아 상부에 뜬 폐절연유를 처리유저장조(24)로 보내도록 되어 있으며 타측 하부에는 침전물배출구(20b)가 형성되어 있어 비중이 커서 하부에 침전된 상기 염화나트륨과 금속나트륨 및 각종 침전물을 상기 분리회수조(27)로 보내도록 되어 있다.The after-treatment tank 21 is a cylindrical casing having a lower portion formed in a cone shape as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, and a post-treatment in which desalted waste insulating oil from the reactor 10 flows into one upper portion. The crude oil inlet 22 is formed so that a predetermined amount of desalted waste insulating oil is stored and stored therein, and a predetermined amount of desalted waste insulating oil stored therein is maintained at room temperature for 3 to 4 hours while being generated during desalination. Various precipitates including solid sodium chloride and metal sodium produced as the unreacted molten sodium remaining in the reaction tank 10 is recrystallized, are to be precipitated. The other side of the after-treatment tank 21 is post-treated. The crude outlet 23 is formed so that the specific gravity is small so that the waste insulating oil floated on the upper side is sent to the treatment oil storage tank 24, and the sediment outlet 2 0b) is formed so that the specific gravity is large, so that the sodium chloride, sodium metal, and various precipitates precipitated at the lower portion are sent to the separation recovery tank 27.

상기 처리유저장조(24)로 보내진 탈염처리되고 침전물이 제거된 폐절연유는 통상의 방법에 따라 정제처리된 후 재생유 등으로 사용된다.The waste insulating oil desalted and the precipitate removed to the treated oil storage tank 24 is used as regenerated oil after refined treatment according to a conventional method.

또한, 상기 후처리조(21)의 타측 상부 내측에는 유량감지센서(8c)가 설치되어 있어 반응조(10)로부터의 탈염처리된 폐절연유가 일정량 유입되어 감지되면 상기 반응조(10)의 반응조배출구(16)와 후처리조유입구(22) 사이를 연결하는 배관(17b) 사이에 설치된 이송펌프(18a)의 작동을 제어하여 반응조(10)로부터의 탈염처리된 폐절연유가 더 이상 유입되지 않게 제어하도록 되어 있으며, 상기 후처리 조(21)의 타측 최상부에는 후처리조가스배출구(25)가 형성되어 있어 상기 후처리조(21)에서 발생되는 유증기 및 수분을 포함한 각종 배출가스를 상기 배출가스처리부(32)로 보내도록 되어 있다.In addition, a flow rate sensor 8c is installed inside the upper portion of the other side of the after-treatment tank 21. When a predetermined amount of the desalted waste insulating oil from the reaction tank 10 is introduced and sensed, the reaction tank outlet of the reaction tank 10 ( 16) to control the operation of the transfer pump (18a) installed between the pipe (17b) connecting between the after-treatment tank inlet 22 so that the desalted waste insulating oil from the reaction tank 10 is no longer introduced. The post-treatment tank gas outlet 25 is formed at the top of the other side of the post-treatment tank 21 so that various exhaust gases including oil vapor and water generated in the post-treatment tank 21 may be discharged. 32).

또한, 상기 후처리조(21)는 콘형상으로 형성된 하단부에 통상의 밸브에 의해 개폐되는 드레인배출구(26)가 형성되어 있어 후처리한 다음 후처리조(21) 내부에 남아있는 각종 잔유물을 외부로 배출하여 처리하도록 되어 있다.In addition, the after-treatment tank 21 has a drain discharge port 26 that is opened and closed by a normal valve at the lower end formed in the shape of a cone, after the post-treatment, the outside of the various residues remaining in the after-treatment tank 21 It is to be discharged to and treated.

상기 분리회수조(27)는 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 소정의 통형상 케이싱으로 되어 있으며 일측 상부에는 분리회수조유입구(28)가 형성되어 있어 상기 후처리조(21)와 반응조(10)로부터의 반응생성물인 염화나트륨 및 금속나트륨이 포함된 각종 침전물이 상기 후처리조(21) 및 반응조(10)의 침전물배출구(20a)(20b)와 분리회수조유입구(28)를 연결하는 배관(17c) 사이에 설치된 이송펌프(18b)에 의해 이송되어 내측으로 유입되도록 되어 있고 내측 가운데부분에는 거름망(29)이 구비되어 있어 상기 거름망(29)에서 고체상태의 염화나트륨 등의 침전물이 거름처리되어 제거되도록 되어 있되, 상기 분리회수조(27)의 외주면에는 통상의 밴딩히터와 같은 가온수단(30a)이 설치되어 있어 내부의 온도가 금속나트륨의 용융점(97.9℃) 이상으로 가온 유지되면서 침전물에 포함된 금속나트륨은 재용융되고 타측 하부에 형성된 금속나트륨회수구(31)를 통해 회수되어 상기 반응조(10)의 탈염소시약투입구(12)로 보내져 탈염소시약으로 재사용되도록 되어 있다.The separation recovery tank 27 is a predetermined tubular casing as shown in Figure 1 and the separation recovery tank inlet 28 is formed at one upper portion from the after-treatment tank 21 and the reaction tank 10 Various precipitates containing sodium chloride and sodium metal which are reaction products of the pipe 17c connect the sediment discharge ports 20a and 20b and the separate recovery tank inlet 28 of the after-treatment tank 21 and the reaction tank 10. It is transported by the transfer pump 18b installed in between to be introduced into the inner portion and the inner middle portion is provided with a strainer 29 so that the sediment, such as sodium chloride in the solid state in the strainer 29 is filtered out to be removed. However, on the outer circumferential surface of the separation recovery tank 27, a heating means 30a, such as a conventional banding heater, is installed so that the internal temperature is kept warm above the melting point (97.9 ° C.) of the metal sodium and included in the precipitate. In sodium are to be re-melted and is recovered through the recovery of sodium metal sphere 31 formed at the other side with a lower reuse dechlorination reagent is sent to the dechlorination reagent inlet 12 of the tank 10.

상기 배출가스처리부(32)는 도 1 및 4에 도시된 바와 같이 상기 전처리조(2)와 반응조(10)와 후처리조(21)에서 발생되는 배출가스를 배출가스처리기(33)와 정화필터(34)를 통해 정화처리하여 배출가스에 포함된 폴리염화비페닐을 제거하여 환경친화적으로 무해한 상태에서 대기중으로 배출되도록 하는 부분으로, 상기 전처리조(2)와 반응조(10)와 후처리조(21)로부터의 배출가스가 모여져 상기 배출가스처리기(33)의 가스유입관(35)으로 유입되도록 되어 있는데, 상기 배출가스처리기(33)는 내부에 탈염소시약인 융융된 액상나트륨이 일정수위로 저장되어 있고 상기 가스유입관(35)의 하부는 액상나트륨의 내측에 잠긴 상태로 위치되어 있어 상기 가스유입관(35)으로 유입된 배출가스가 액상나트륨을 통과하면서 배출가스에 포함된 폴리염화비페닐이 화학반응하여 탈염처리되도록 되어 있으며 상기 배출가스처리기(33)의 상부에는 가스배출구(36)가 형성되어 있어 가스배출구(36)를 통해 탈염처리된 배출가스가 배출되고 통상의 활성탄 등으로 된 정화필터(34)를 거쳐 필터링된 상태에서 환경친화적으로 무해한 상태에서 대기중으로 배출되도록 되어 있다.As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the exhaust gas treatment unit 32 discharges gas generated in the pretreatment tank 2, the reaction tank 10, and the aftertreatment tank 21 to the exhaust gas processor 33 and the purification filter. Purifying through the 34 to remove the polychlorinated biphenyl contained in the exhaust gas to be discharged to the atmosphere in an environmentally harmless state, the pretreatment tank (2) and the reaction tank (10) and the post-treatment tank ( 21, the exhaust gas is collected and flows into the gas inlet pipe 35 of the exhaust gas processor 33. The exhaust gas processor 33 has molten liquid sodium, which is a dechlorination reagent, at a predetermined level. It is stored and the lower part of the gas inlet pipe 35 is located in a state locked to the inside of the liquid sodium so that the exhaust gas introduced into the gas inlet pipe 35 is passed through the liquid sodium chloride containing polychlorinated ratio Phenyl reacts chemically The desalination treatment is performed, and a gas discharge port 36 is formed at an upper portion of the exhaust gas treatment unit 33 so that the desalted exhaust gas is discharged through the gas discharge port 36, and the purification filter 34 is made of ordinary activated carbon. It is to be discharged to the atmosphere in an environmentally harmless state in the filtered state through.

상기 배출가스처리기(33)는 외주면에 통상의 밴딩히터와 같은 가온수단(30b)이 설치되어 있어 내부의 온도가 금속나트륨의 용융점(97.9℃) 이상으로 가온 유지되면서 내부에 일정수위로 충진된 액상나트륨이 고체상태로 결정화되지 않도록 되어 있다.The exhaust gas treatment unit 33 has a heating means 30b, such as a conventional bending heater, is installed on the outer circumferential surface thereof so that the temperature inside the liquid is maintained at a temperature above the melting point (97.9 ° C.) of the metallic sodium, and the liquid is filled at a predetermined level therein. Sodium does not crystallize to a solid state.

또한, 본 발명에 따른 다른 실시예로서 상기 배출가스처리부(32)는 배출가스 처리기(33)와 정화필터(34) 사이에 플라즈마가열관(37)이 연결설치되어 있어 배출가스처리기(33)를 통과하여 1차적으로 탈염처리된 배출가스가 대략 1000 ~ 1500℃ 정도의 초고온으로 가열된 플라즈마가열관(37)을 통과하면서 2차적으로 폴리염화비페닐 및 각종 유해가스성분이 열분해되어 연소처리되도록 되어 있다.In addition, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas treatment unit 32 is connected to the plasma heating tube 37 between the exhaust gas processor 33 and the purification filter 34, thereby providing the exhaust gas processor 33. As the first desalted exhaust gas passes through the plasma heating tube 37 heated at an extremely high temperature of about 1000 to 1500 ° C., polychlorinated biphenyls and various harmful gas components are thermally decomposed and burned. have.

한편, 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 절연유가 담겨졌다가 제거된 통상의 폐 변압기나 콘덴서, 안전기, 차단기 등의 용기(4)는 도 4에 도시된 바와 같이 압축공기와 탈염소시약으로 용기(4) 내부가 1차 세정처리되고 통상의 가열로(38)에서 폴리염화비페닐의 비점 이상으로 가열되어 상기 용기(4)의 내측면에 들러붙어 있는 고체상태의 폴리염화비페닐성분이 기화되면서 상기 배출가스처리부(32)로 보내져 정화처리되도록 되어 있되, 상기 가열로(38)는 일측에 개폐도어(39)가 구비되어 있어 내부에 상기 용기(4)를 투입 및 회수하도록 되어 있고 가열로(38)의 일측 상부에는 통상의 송풍기(41)가 장착된 외부공기주입구(40)가 형성되어 있으며 타측 상부에는 배출가스배기구(42)가 형성되어 있어 상기 가열로(38)의 내부온도가 폴리염화비페닐의 비점(275 ~ 360℃) 보다 높은 온도인 대략 300 ~ 400℃ 정도로 가온되면서 상기 용기(4)의 내측면에 들러붙어 있는 고체상태의 폴리염화비페닐 성분을 기화시키도록 되어 있고 이 때 발생된 배출가스는 상기 송풍기(41)로부터의 송풍작동에 의해 배출가스배기구(42)를 통해 상기 배출가스처리부(32)로 보내져 정화처리되도록 되어 있다.Meanwhile, a container 4 such as a conventional waste transformer, a condenser, a safety device, a breaker, etc., in which an insulating oil containing polychlorinated biphenyl is contained and removed, is compressed air and a dechlorinated reagent as shown in FIG. 4. 4) The inside is first cleaned and heated to the boiling point of the polychlorinated biphenyl in a conventional heating furnace 38 to vaporize the solid polychlorinated biphenyl component adhering to the inner surface of the vessel 4. It is sent to the exhaust gas treatment unit 32 to be purified, but the heating furnace 38 is provided with an opening and closing door 39 on one side to inject and recover the container 4 therein, and the heating furnace ( 38, an external air inlet 40 having a normal blower 41 is formed at one upper portion thereof, and an exhaust gas exhaust 42 is formed at the other upper portion thereof, so that the internal temperature of the heating furnace 38 is increased. Higher than the boiling point of biphenyl (275 ~ 360 ℃) It is made to vaporize the solid polychlorinated biphenyl component adhering to the inner surface of the container 4 while being heated to a temperature of about 300 to 400 ° C., and the exhaust gas generated at this time is discharged from the blower 41. It is sent to the exhaust gas treatment unit 32 through the exhaust gas exhaust port 42 by the blowing operation so as to be purified.

이하 본 발명에 따른 작용은 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the action according to the present invention is as follows.

본 발명에 따른 폐절연유처리장치(1)를 사용하여 통상의 폐 변압기나 콘덴서, 안전기, 차단기 등의 용기(4) 내부에 충진되어 있는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유를 탈염처리하여 환경친화적으로 무해하게 분해 처리하는 경우에는, 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 각 용기(4)에 충진된 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유를 유입펌프(3)로 발유(拔油)하여 전처리조(2)로 보내고 상기 전처리조(2)에 일정량의 폐절연유가 유입 저장되면 전처리조(2)의 내부에 설치된 가열히터(6a)의 가온작동에 의해 폐절연유가 대략 50 ~ 70℃ 정도로 예열되어 반응조(10)에서 빠른 시간내에 화학반응이 이루어지도록 전처리하며, 예열된 폐절연유는 이송펌프(18a)의 작동에 의해 상기 전처리조(2)에서 반응조(10)로 보내지며 상기 반응조(10)에 일정량의 예열처리된 폐절연유가 유입 저장되면 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이 반응조(10)의 내부에 설치된 가열히터(6b)의 가온작동에 의해 폐절연유가 대략 100 ~ 150℃정도로 가열되고 상기 반응조(10)의 탈염소시약투입구(12)를 통해 탈염소시약인 금속나트륨이 일정량 투입되어 용융되면서 반응조(10)의 내측 가운데부분에 수직으로 설치된 교반기(13)에 의해 폴리염화비페닐이 포함된 폐절연유와 용융된 나트륨이 고르게 교반혼합되어 폴리염화비페닐과 나트륨이 화학반응하여 탈염처리되는데, 상기 반응조(10)의 하면부는 일측으로 하향 경사지게 형성된 경사면(14)으로 되어 있어 내부로 투입된 금속나트륨 중 초기에 용융되지 않은 금속나트륨이 경사면(14)을 따라 반응조(10)의 일측 하부로 모이도록 되어 있고 상기 반응조(10)의 일측 하부 내측에는 수직으로 보조교반기(15)가 설치되어 있어 상기 경사면(14)을 따라 흘러내린 금속나트륨을 집중적으로 교반하여 빠른 시간내에 용융처리하게 된다.By using the waste insulating oil treatment apparatus 1 according to the present invention, the waste insulating oil containing polychlorinated biphenyl which is filled in the container 4 such as a conventional waste transformer, a condenser, a safety device, and a breaker is desalted. In the case of friendly and harmless decomposition treatment, as shown in FIG. 1, waste insulating oil containing polychlorinated biphenyls filled in each container 4 is oil-repelled by the inflow pump 3, and the pretreatment tank ( 2) the waste insulating oil is preheated to about 50 ~ 70 ℃ by heating operation of the heating heater (6a) installed inside the pretreatment tank (2) when a predetermined amount of waste insulating oil flows into the pretreatment tank (2) Pre-treatment so that the chemical reaction takes place in a fast time in (10), the preheated waste insulating oil is sent from the pretreatment tank (2) to the reaction tank (10) by the operation of the transfer pump (18a) and a predetermined amount to the reaction tank (10) Preheated waste insulating oil 2, the waste insulating oil is heated to about 100 to 150 ° C. by the heating operation of the heating heater 6b installed in the reactor 10, and the dechlorination reagent inlet 12 of the reactor 10 is heated. While a predetermined amount of metal sodium, a dechlorination reagent, was added and melted, the waste insulating oil containing polychlorinated biphenyl and molten sodium were evenly stirred and mixed by an agitator 13 installed vertically in the inner center portion of the reactor 10. Polychlorinated biphenyls and sodium are desalted by chemical reaction, and the lower surface of the reaction vessel 10 is inclined surface 14 formed to be inclined downward to one side, so that metal sodium which is not initially melted among the metallic sodium introduced into the inclined surface ( 14) to the lower side of the reaction tank 10 is gathered to one side of the lower side of the reaction tank 10, the auxiliary stirrer 15 is installed vertically in the inclined The metallic sodium flowing down the surface 14 is intensively stirred and melted in a short time.

상기 반응조(10)에서 탈염처리된 폐절연유는 이송펌프(18a)의 작동에 의해 후처리조(21)로 보내지고 상기 반응조(10)의 하부에 모인 반응생성물인 염화나트륨 및 미용융된 금속나트륨을 포함한 각종 침전물은 이송펌프(18b)의 작동에 의해 분리회수조(27)로 보내지며, 도 3에 도시된 바와 같이 상기 후처리조(21)에 일정량의 탈염처리된 폐절연유가 유입 저장되면 상온에서 3 ~ 4시간 동안 유지되면서 탈염처리시 생성된 고체상태의 염화나트륨과 상기 반응조(10)에서 미반응되고 남은 용융나트륨이 재결정화되면서 생성된 금속나트륨 등을 포함한 각종 침전물이 침전되며, 비중이 작아 상부에 뜬 폐절연유는 처리유저장조(24)로 보내져 통상의 방법에 따라 정제처리된 후 재생유 등으로 사용되고, 비중이 커서 하부에 침전된 상기 염화나트륨과 금속나트륨이 포함된 각종 침전물은 이송펌프(18b)의 작동에 의해 분리회수조(27)로 보내지며, 상기 이송펌프(18b)를 통해 분리회수조(27)로 보내진 상기 반응조(10)와 후처리조(21)로부터의 반응생성물인 염화나트륨 및 금속나트륨이 포함된 각종 침전물은 분리회수조(27) 내부에 설치된 거름망(29)에 의해 고체상태의 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물은 거름처리되어 제거되는데, 상기 분리회수조(27)의 외주면에는 통상의 밴딩히터와 같은 가온수단(30a)이 설치되어 있어 내부의 온도가 금속나트륨의 용융점(97.9℃) 이상으로 가온 유지되면서 침전물에 포함된 금속나트륨은 재용융되고 금속나트륨회수구(31)를 통해 회수되어 상기 반응조(10)의 탈염소시약투입구(12)로 보내져 탈염소시약으로 재사용되도록 한다.The waste insulating oil desalted in the reaction tank 10 is sent to the after-treatment tank 21 by the operation of the transfer pump 18a and collects sodium chloride and unmelted metal sodium, which are reaction products collected at the bottom of the reaction tank 10. Various deposits, including various deposits, are sent to a separate recovery tank 27 by the operation of the transfer pump 18b, and as shown in FIG. Various precipitates including solid sodium chloride produced during desalting and unreacted molten sodium remaining in the reactor 10 were recrystallized while being maintained for 3 to 4 hours at precipitation, and the specific gravity was small. The waste insulating oil floated on the upper side is sent to the treatment oil storage tank 24 and used as regenerated oil after being refined according to a conventional method. The various precipitates are sent to the separation recovery tank 27 by the operation of the transfer pump 18b, the reaction tank 10 and the after-treatment tank 21 sent to the separation recovery tank 27 through the transfer pump 18b. Various precipitates containing sodium chloride and sodium metal, which are reaction products, are removed from the solid state sodium chloride and various precipitates by a filtering net 29 installed inside the separation recovery tank 27. The separation recovery tank ( On the outer circumferential surface of 27), heating means 30a, such as a conventional banding heater, is installed so that the internal temperature is kept warm above the melting point (97.9 ° C) of the metal sodium, and the metal sodium contained in the precipitate is remelted and the metal sodium recovery is recovered. Recovered through the sphere 31 is sent to the dechlorination reagent inlet 12 of the reactor 10 to be reused as a dechlorination reagent.

또한, 상기 전처리조(2)와 반응조(10)와 후처리조(21)에서 발생되는 배출가 스는 배출가스처리기(33)와 플라즈마가열관(37)과 정화필터(34)로 된 배출가스처리부(32)를 거치면서 정화처리되어 배출가스에 포함된 폴리염화비페닐이 제거되어 환경친화적으로 무해한 상태에서 대기중으로 배출되는데, 상기 배출가스는 내부에 탈염소시약인 융융된 액상나트륨이 일정수위로 저장되어 있고 가스유입관(35)의 하부가 액상나트륨의 내측에 잠긴 상태로 설치된 배출가스처리기(33)를 통과하면서 배출가스에 포함된 폴리염화비페닐이 액상나트륨과 화학반응하여 1차적으로 탈염처리되며, 상기 배출가스처리기(33)를 통과한 배출가스는 대략 1000 ~ 1500℃ 정도의 초고온으로 가열된 플라즈마가열관(37)을 통과하면서 2차적으로 폴리염화비페닐 및 각종 유해가스성분이 열분해되어 연소처리되고, 통상의 활성탄 등으로 된 정화필터(34)를 거쳐 필터링된 상태에서 환경친화적으로 무해한 상태에서 대기중으로 배출된다.In addition, the exhaust gas generated in the pretreatment tank 2, the reaction tank 10 and the after-treatment tank 21 is an exhaust gas treatment unit comprising an exhaust gas processor 33, a plasma heating tube 37, and a purification filter 34 ( 32) The polychlorinated biphenyl contained in the exhaust gas is purged and discharged to the atmosphere in an environmentally harmless state, and the exhaust gas is stored in a molten liquid sodium, a dechlorination reagent, at a predetermined level. The polychlorinated biphenyls contained in the exhaust gas are chemically reacted with the liquid sodium and desalted by passing through the exhaust gas treatment unit 33 installed with the lower portion of the gas inlet pipe 35 submerged inside the liquid sodium. The exhaust gas passing through the exhaust gas treatment unit 33 passes through the plasma heating tube 37 heated at an extremely high temperature of about 1000 to 1500 ° C., and the polychlorinated biphenyl and various harmful gas components are heated secondarily. It is decomposed and burned, and is discharged to the atmosphere in an environmentally harmless state in a filtered state through a purification filter 34 made of ordinary activated carbon or the like.

한편, 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 절연유가 담겨졌다가 제거된 통상의 폐 변압기나 콘덴서, 안전기, 차단기 등의 용기(4)는 도 4에 도시된 바와 같이 압축공기와 탈염소시약으로 용기(4) 내부를 1차 세정처리하고 통상의 가열로(38)에서 폴리염화비페닐의 비점(275 ~ 360℃)보다 높은 온도인 대략 300 ~ 400℃ 정도로 가열하여 상기 용기(4)의 내측면에 들러붙어 있는 고체상태의 폴리염화비페닐성분이 기화되도록 하고 이 때 발생된 배출가스는 상기 배출가스처리부(32)로 보내 정화처리되도록 한다.Meanwhile, a container 4 such as a conventional waste transformer, a condenser, a safety device, a breaker, etc., in which an insulating oil containing polychlorinated biphenyl is contained and removed, is compressed air and a dechlorinated reagent as shown in FIG. 4. 4) The inside of the vessel 4 is first washed and heated to about 300 to 400 ° C., which is a temperature higher than the boiling point (275 to 360 ° C.) of the polychlorinated biphenyl in a conventional heating furnace 38. The adhered solid polychlorinated biphenyl component is vaporized and the generated exhaust gas is sent to the exhaust gas treatment unit 32 for purification.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 폐절연유처리장치의 전체 처리공정을 나타낸 개략도1 is a schematic view showing the overall processing of the waste insulating oil treatment apparatus according to the present invention

도 2는 본 발명에 따른 폐절연유처리장치에서 반응조의 단면개략도Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the reaction tank in the waste insulating oil treatment apparatus according to the present invention

도 3은 본 발명에 따른 폐절연유처리장치에서 후처리조의 단면개략도Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the after-treatment tank in the waste insulating oil treatment apparatus according to the present invention

도 4는 본 발명에 따른 폐절연유처리장치에서 폐절연유가 담겨있던 용기가 정화처리되는 상태의 개략도4 is a schematic diagram of a state in which a container containing waste insulating oil is purged in the waste insulating oil treatment apparatus according to the present invention.

< 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명 >Description of the Related Art

1. 폐절연유처리장치 2. 전처리조1. Waste insulating oil treatment device 2. Pretreatment tank

3. 유입펌프 4. 용기3. Inlet pump 4. Container

5. 전처리조유입구 6a, 6b. 가열히터5. Pretreatment tank inlet 6a, 6b. Heating heater

7. 전처리조배출구 8a, 8b, 8c. 유량감지센서7. Pretreatment tank outlets 8a, 8b, 8c. Flow sensor

9. 전처리조가스배출구 10. 반응조9. Pretreatment tank gas outlet 10. Reactor

11. 반응조유입구 12. 탈염소시약투입구11. Reactor tank inlet 12. Dechlorine reagent inlet

13. 교반기 14. 경사면13. Agitator 14. Slope

15. 보조교반기 16. 반응조배출구15. Auxiliary Agitator 16. Reactor Outlet

17a, 17b, 17c. 배관 18a, 18b. 이송펌프17a, 17b, 17c. Piping 18a, 18b. Transfer pump

19. 반응조가스배출구 20a, 20b. 침전물배출구19. Reactor gas outlets 20a, 20b. Sediment outlet

21. 후처리조 22. 후처리조유입구21. Post-treatment tank 22. Post-treatment tank inlet

23. 후처리조배출구 24. 처리유저장조23. Post-treatment tank outlet 24. Treatment oil storage tank

25. 후처리조가스배출구 26. 드레인배출구25. Post-treatment tank gas outlet 26. Drain outlet

27. 분리회수조 28. 분리회수조유입구27. Separate recovery tank 28. Separate recovery tank inlet

29. 거름망 30a, 30b 가온수단29. Filtering nets 30a, 30b heating means

31. 금속나트륨회수구 32. 배출가스처리부31. Metal sodium recovery port 32. Exhaust gas treatment part

33. 배출가스처리기 34. 정화필터33. Exhaust gas processor 34. Purification filter

35. 가스유입관 36. 가스배출구35. Gas inlet pipe 36. Gas outlet

37. 플라즈마가열관 38. 가열로37. Plasma heating tube 38. Heating furnace

39. 개폐도어 40. 외부공기주입구39. Opening and closing door 40. External air inlet

41. 송풍기 42. 배출가스배기구41. Blower 42. Exhaust gas exhaust

Claims (11)

폐 변압기나 콘덴서, 안전기, 차단기의 용기(4)로부터의 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유가 일정량 투입 저장되어 일정온도로 예열되도록 하는 전처리조(2)와, 상기 전처리조(2)로부터의 예열된 폐절연유가 이송되어 일정량 투입 저장되며 탈염소시약인 금속나트륨이 투입된 상태에서 일정온도로 가온되어 상기 금속나트륨이 용융되면서 교반혼합되고 폐절연유에 함유된 폴리염화비페닐과 용융된 나트륨이 화학반응되어 탈염처리되도록 하는 반응조(10)와, 상기 반응조(10)로부터의 탈염처리된 폐절연유가 이송되어 일정량 투입 저장된 상태에서 상온 냉각처리하여 탈염처리시 생성된 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물이 침전되도록 하면서 비중이 작아 상부에 뜬 폐절연유는 처리유저장조(24)로 보내고 비중이 커서 침전된 상기 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물은 분리회수조(27)로 보내는 후처리조(21)와, 상기 후처리조(21)로부터 이송된 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물을 내부에 구비된 거름망(29)으로 걸러내면서 내부의 온도가 금속나트륨의 용융점보다 높은 온도로 가온 유지되어 침전물에 포함된 금속나트륨이 재용융 회수되고 상기 반응조(10)로 보내져 재사용되도록 하는 분리회수조(27)와, 상기 전처리조(2)와 반응조(10)와 후처리조(21)에서 발생되는 배출가스를 내부에 액상나트륨이 일정수위로 저장된 배출가스처리기(33)를 통과시켜 배출가스에 포함된 폴리염화비페닐이 탈염처리되도록 하고 정화필터(34)로 필터링하여 정화처리된 가스가 배출되도록 하는 배출가스처리부(32)로 구성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유 처리장치.A pretreatment tank (2) for storing a predetermined amount of waste insulating oil containing polychlorinated biphenyl from a waste transformer (4) of a transformer, a condenser, a safety device, and a breaker and preheating it to a predetermined temperature, and from the pretreatment tank (2). The preheated waste insulating oil is transferred and stored in a predetermined amount. The sodium chloride, which is a dechlorination reagent, is heated and then heated to a predetermined temperature, and the metal sodium is melted and mixed. The polychlorinated biphenyl and molten sodium contained in the waste insulating oil are mixed. The reaction tank 10 to be chemically reacted and desalted, and the desalted waste insulating oil from the reactor 10 is transferred and cooled at room temperature in a predetermined amount stored so that sodium chloride and various precipitates generated during desalting are precipitated. The waste insulation oil floated on the upper part with small specific gravity is sent to the treatment oil storage tank 24, and the sodium chloride and various precipitates precipitated due to its high specific gravity. The internal temperature of the metal sodium melting point while filtering the after-treatment tank 21 to be sent to the separate recovery tank 27 and the filtering net 29 provided therein with sodium chloride and various deposits transferred from the after-treatment tank 21. Separation recovery tank 27 and the pretreatment tank 2, the reaction tank 10 and the post-treatment, which are kept warm to a higher temperature so that the metal sodium contained in the precipitate is remelted and recovered and sent to the reactor 10 for reuse. By passing the discharge gas generated in the tank 21 through the discharge gas processor 33, the liquid sodium is stored at a certain level therein so that the polychlorinated biphenyl contained in the discharge gas is desalted and filtered by a purification filter 34. A waste insulating oil processing apparatus containing polychlorinated biphenyls, characterized in that the exhaust gas treatment unit 32 for discharging the purified gas. 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 전처리조(2)는 통형상 케이싱으로 되어 있으며 일측 상부에는 유입펌프(3)에 의해 상기 용기(4)로부터 발유된 폐절연유가 유입되는 전처리조유입구(5)가 형성되어 있고 가열히터(6a)가 설치되어 있어 내부에 유입된 폐절연유를 예열하여 상기 반응조(10)에서 빠른 시간내에 화학반응이 이루어지게 전처리하도록 되어 있으며 타측 하부에는 전처리조배출구(7)가 형성되어 있어 예열처리된 폐절연유를 상기 반응조(10)로 보내도록 되어 있고, 상기 전처리조(2)의 타측 상부 내측에는 유량감지센서(8a)가 설치되어 있어 폐절연유가 일정량 유입되어 감지되면 용기(4)로부터 발유된 폐절연유가 더 이상 유입되지 않게 유입펌프(3)의 작동을 제어하도록 되어 있으며, 상기 전처리조(2)의 타측 최상부에는 전처리조가스배출구(9)가 형성되어 있어 예열시 발생되는 각종 배출가스를 상기 배출가스처리부(32)로 보내도록 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유 처리장치.The pretreatment tank inlet (5) according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment tank (2) has a tubular casing, and at one side, a pretreatment tank inlet (5) into which waste insulating oil discharged from the vessel (4) is introduced by an inflow pump (3). The heating heater 6a is installed to preheat the waste insulating oil introduced therein so as to pre-treat the chemical reaction in the reaction tank 10 within a short time, and the pretreatment tank outlet 7 is formed at the lower side of the other side. There is a pre-heated waste insulating oil is to be sent to the reaction tank 10, the other side upper inside of the pre-treatment tank (2) is installed a flow rate sensor (8a) is a predetermined amount of waste insulating oil flows into the container (4) In order to control the operation of the inflow pump (3) so that the waste insulating oil generated from the) is no longer introduced, the pretreatment tank gas outlet (9) is formed at the top of the other side of the pretreatment tank (2) A waste insulating oil processing apparatus containing polychlorinated biphenyls, characterized in that for sending various waste gases generated during preheating to the waste gas treatment unit (32). 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 반응조(10)는 통형상 케이싱으로 되어 있으며 일측 상부에는 상기 전처리조(2)로부터의 예열된 폐절연유가 유입되는 반응조유입구(11)가 형성되어 있고 가열히터(6b)가 설치되어 있어 내부에 유입된 폐절연유를 가열하도록 되어 있으며 상부에는 탈염소시약투입구(12)가 형성되어 있어 탈염소시약인 금속나트륨이 일정량씩 투입되도록 되어 있고, 내측 가운데부분에는 수직으로 교반기(13)가 설치되어 있어 내부에 투입된 금속나트륨과 폐절연유를 교반 혼합하도록 되어 있되, 상기 반응조(10)의 하면부는 일측방향으로 하향 경사지게 경사면(14)으로 형성되어 있어 내부로 투입된 금속나트륨 중 초기에 용융되지 않은 금속나트륨이 경사면(14)을 따라 반응조(10)의 일측 하부로 모이도록 되어 있고 상기 반응조(10)의 일측 하부 내측에는 수직으로 보조교반기(15)가 설치되어 있어 상기 경사면(14)을 따라 흘러내린 금속나트륨을 교반하여 빠른 시간내에 용융처리하도록 되어 있으며, 상기 반응조(10)의 타측 하부에는 반응조배출구(16)가 형성되어 있어 탈염처리된 폐절연유를 상기 후처리조(21)로 보내도록 되어 있고, 상기 반응조(10)의 경사면(14) 일측 하부에는 침전물배출구(20a)가 형성되어 있어 탈염처리시 반응생성물로 생성되어 하부에 침전된 고체상태의 염화나트륨 및 미용융 금속나트륨을 포함한 각종 침전물을 상기 분리회수조(27)로 보내도록 되어 있으며, 상기 반응조(10)의 타측 최상부에는 반응조가스배출구(19)가 형성되어 있어 탈염처리반응시 발생되는 각종 배출가스를 상기 배출가스처리부(32)로 보내도록 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유 처리장치.The reactor 10 according to claim 1, wherein the reactor 10 is a tubular casing, and a reaction tank inlet 11 through which the preheated waste insulating oil from the pretreatment tank 2 flows is formed at one upper portion thereof, and a heating heater 6b. Is installed to heat the waste insulating oil introduced into the inside, and the dechlorination reagent inlet 12 is formed in the upper portion so that the dechlorination reagent metal sodium is inputted by a certain amount, and the inner center portion is vertically stirrer ( 13) is installed to stir and mix the metal sodium and waste insulating oil introduced therein, the lower surface of the reaction tank 10 is formed in the inclined surface 14 to be inclined downward in one direction, so that the initial Unmelted metal sodium is collected to the lower side of one side of the reaction vessel 10 along the inclined surface 14, and the inner side of the lower side of the reaction vessel 10 Auxiliary stirrer 15 is installed vertically so that the metal sodium flowing down the inclined surface 14 is agitated to be melted within a short time, and a reaction tank outlet 16 is formed at the other lower portion of the reactor 10. It is supposed to send the desalted waste insulating oil to the post-treatment tank 21, and a sediment discharge port 20a is formed at one lower side of the inclined surface 14 of the reaction tank 10 to generate the reaction product during the desalination process. It is to send various precipitates including solid sodium chloride and undissolved metal sodium precipitated at the bottom to the separation recovery tank 27, the reaction gas gas outlet 19 is formed at the top of the other side of the reaction tank (10) Treatment of waste insulating oil containing polychlorinated biphenyls, characterized in that for directing the various exhaust gases generated during the desalination reaction to the exhaust gas treatment unit 32. Value. 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 후처리조(21)는 하부가 콘형상으로 형성된 통형상의 케이싱으로 되어 있으며 일측 상부에는 상기 반응조(10)로부터의 탈염처리된 폐절연유가 유입되는 후처리조유입구(22)가 형성되어 있고 타측 가운데부분에는 후처리 조배출구(23)가 형성되어 있어 비중이 작아 상부에 뜬 폐절연유를 처리유저장조(24)로 보내도록 되어 있으며 타측 하부에는 침전물배출구(20b)가 형성되어 있어 비중이 커서 하부에 침전된 상기 염화나트륨과 금속나트륨 및 각종 침전물을 상기 분리회수조(27)로 보내도록 되어 있고, 상기 후처리조(21)의 타측 상부 내측에는 유량감지센서(8c)가 설치되어 있으며, 타측 최상부에는 후처리조가스배출구(25)가 형성되어 있어 상기 후처리조(21)에서 발생되는 각종 배출가스를 상기 배출가스처리부(32)로 보내도록 되어 있고, 하단부에는 통상의 밸브에 의해 개폐되는 드레인배출구(26)가 형성되어 있어 후처리한 다음 후처리조(21) 내부에 남아있는 각종 잔유물을 외부로 배출하여 처리하도록 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유 처리장치.The post-treatment tank inlet of claim 1, wherein the post-treatment tank 21 is a cylindrical casing having a lower portion formed in a cone shape, and one side upper portion of the post-treatment inlet oil into which desalted waste insulating oil from the reaction vessel 10 flows. 22) is formed, and the post treatment tank outlet 23 is formed at the center of the other side, so that the specific gravity is small so that the waste insulating oil floated on the upper side is sent to the treatment oil storage tank 24, and the sediment outlet 20b is located at the bottom of the other side. It is formed to send the sodium chloride and metal sodium and various precipitates precipitated at the bottom due to the large specific gravity to the separation recovery tank 27, the flow rate sensor (8c) on the inside of the other side of the after-treatment tank (21) Is provided, and the post-treatment tank gas outlet 25 is formed at the top of the other side to send various exhaust gases generated in the after-treatment tank 21 to the exhaust gas treatment unit 32, The lower end portion is formed with a drain outlet 26 which is opened and closed by a normal valve, and after the post-treatment, the polychlorinated ratio characterized in that it discharges and processes various residues remaining in the after-treatment tank 21 to the outside. Waste insulating oil treatment device containing phenyl. 제 1항이나 제 3항 또는 제 4항 중 어느 하나의 항에 있어서, 상기 분리회수조(27)는 통형상 케이싱으로 되어 있으며 일측 상부에는 분리회수조유입구(28)가 형성되어 있어 상기 후처리조(21)와 반응조(10)로부터의 반응생성물인 염화나트륨 및 금속나트륨이 포함된 각종 침전물이 이송되어 내측으로 유입되도록 되어 있고, 내측에는 거름망(29)이 구비되어 있어 상기 거름망(29)에서 고체상태의 염화나트륨을 포함한 침전물이 거름처리되어 제거되도록 되어 있되, 상기 분리회수조(27)의 외주면에는 가온수단(30a)이 설치되어 있어 내부의 온도가 금속나트륨의 용융점보다 높은 온도로 가온 유지되면서 침전물에 포함된 금속나트륨은 재용융되고 타측 하부에 형성된 금속나트륨회수구(31)를 통해 회수되어 상기 반응조(10)의 탈염소시약투입구(12)로 보내져 탈염소시약으로 재사용되도록 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유 처리장치.The post-treatment according to any one of claims 1, 3 and 4, wherein the separation recovery tank 27 is a cylindrical casing and a separation recovery inlet 28 is formed at one upper portion. Various precipitates containing sodium chloride and sodium metal, which are reaction products from the tank 21 and the reaction tank 10, are transported to be introduced into the inside, and a sieve 29 is provided on the inside to solidify the sieve 29. Precipitate containing sodium chloride in the state is to be removed by manure treatment, but the heating means (30a) is installed on the outer peripheral surface of the separate recovery tank (27) while the temperature inside the temperature is maintained at a temperature higher than the melting point of the metal sodium precipitate Metal sodium contained in is re-melted and recovered through the metal sodium recovery port 31 formed at the lower side of the other side, and sent to the dechlorination reagent inlet 12 of the reactor 10 to desalination. Of the polychlorinated biphenyls, characterized in that which is to be reused as a reagent-containing waste insulating oil processing apparatus. 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 배출가스처리부(32)는 배출가스처리기(33)와 정화필터(34) 사이에 플라즈마가열관(37)이 연결설치되어 있어 배출가스처리기(33)를 통과하여 탈염처리된 배출가스가 1000 ~ 1500℃의 온도로 가열된 플라즈마가열관(37)을 통과하면서 폴리염화비페닐 및 각종 유해가스성분이 열분해되어 연소처리되도록 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유 처리장치.According to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas treatment unit 32 is connected to the plasma heating tube 37 between the exhaust gas treatment unit 33 and the purification filter 34, the desalination treatment through the exhaust gas treatment unit 33 Polychlorinated biphenyls, characterized in that the polychlorinated biphenyls and various harmful gas components are thermally decomposed and burned while passing through the plasma heating tube 37 heated at a temperature of 1000 to 1500 ° C. Waste Insulating Oil Treatment System. 제 1항 내지 제 4항 및 제 6항 중 어느 하나의 항에 있어서, 상기 배출가스처리부(32)는 전처리조(2)와 반응조(10)와 후처리조(21)로부터의 배출가스가 모여져 상기 배출가스처리기(33)의 가스유입관(35)으로 유입되도록 되어 있는데, 상기 배출가스처리기(33)는 내부에 융융된 액상나트륨이 일정수위로 저장되어 있고 상기 가스유입관(35)의 하부는 액상나트륨의 내측에 잠긴 상태로 위치되어 있어 상기 가스유입관(35)으로 유입된 배출가스가 액상나트륨을 통과하면서 배출가스에 포함된 폴리염화비페닐이 화학반응하여 탈염처리되도록 되어 있으며 상기 배출가스처리기(33)의 상부에는 가스배출구(36)가 형성되어 있어 탈염처리된 배출가스가 상기 가스배출구(36)를 통해 배출되어 정화필터(34)로 보내지도록 되어 있고, 상기 배출가스처리기(33)의 외주면에는 가온수단(30b)이 설치되어 있어 내부의 온도가 금속나트륨의 용융점보다 높은 온도로 가온 유지되도록 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유 처리장치.7. The exhaust gas treatment unit 32 according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 6, wherein the exhaust gas from the pretreatment tank 2, the reaction tank 10, and the aftertreatment tank 21 is collected. The exhaust gas processor 33 is to be introduced into the gas inlet pipe 35, the exhaust gas processor 33 is a liquid sodium fused therein is stored at a predetermined water level and the lower portion of the gas inlet pipe 35 Is located in a state of being locked inside the liquid sodium so that the exhaust gas introduced into the gas inlet pipe 35 passes through the liquid sodium so that the polychlorinated biphenyl contained in the exhaust gas is chemically desalted and discharged. A gas discharge port 36 is formed at an upper portion of the gas processor 33 so that the desalted exhaust gas is discharged through the gas discharge port 36 and sent to the purification filter 34, and the exhaust gas processor 33 is discharged. In the outer circumference of) On means (30b) are here installed polychlorinated biphenyl waste processing apparatus containing the insulating oil, it characterized in that the temperature inside is maintained to be heated to a temperature above the melting point of metallic sodium. 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 용기(4)는 폐절연유가 담겨졌다가 제거된 것으로 압축공기와 탈염소시약으로 내부가 1차 세정처리되고 통상의 가열로(38)에서 폴리염화비페닐의 비점보다 높은 온도로 가열되어 상기 용기(4)의 내측면에 들러붙어 있는 고체상태의 폴리염화비페닐성분이 기화되면서 상기 배출가스처리부(32)로 보내져 정화처리되도록 되어 있되, 상기 가열로(38)는 일측에 개폐도어(39)가 구비되어 있어 내부에 상기 용기(4)를 투입 및 회수하도록 되어 있고 가열로(38)의 일측 상부에는 통상의 송풍기(41)가 장착된 외부공기주입구(40)가 형성되어 있으며 타측 상부에는 배출가스배기구(42)가 형성되어 있어 상기 용기(4)의 내측면에 들러붙어 있는 고체상태의 폴리염화비페닐 성분이 기화되면서 발생된 배출가스는 상기 송풍기(41)로부터의 송풍작동에 의해 배출가스배기구(42)를 통해 상기 배출가스처리부(32)로 보내져 정화처리되도록 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유 처리장치.2. The container (4) according to claim 1, wherein the container (4) is contained in and removed from waste insulating oil, and the inside of the container (4) is first washed with compressed air and a dechlorination reagent, and the boiling point of the polychlorinated biphenyl is reduced in a conventional heating furnace (38). The polychlorinated biphenyl component in the solid state, which is heated to a high temperature and sticks to the inner surface of the container 4, is vaporized and sent to the exhaust gas treatment unit 32 for purification. The opening and closing door 39 is provided at one side to input and retrieve the container 4 therein, and the external air inlet 40 equipped with a general blower 41 is provided at one upper portion of the heating furnace 38. And a discharge gas exhaust port 42 is formed at the upper portion of the other side, and the exhaust gas generated while the solid polychlorinated biphenyl component stuck to the inner surface of the container 4 is vaporized from the blower 41. By blowing operation Exhaust gas outlet port 42, the exhaust gas processing polychlorinated biphenyl waste processing apparatus containing the insulating oil, characterized in that which is to be sent to a purification treatment (32) through. 폐 변압기나 콘덴서, 안전기, 차단기의 용기(4)로부터의 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유를 전처리조(2)에 일정량 투입 저장하여 50 ~ 70℃로 예열처리하며, 상기 전처리조(2)로부터의 예열된 폐절연유를 반응조(10)로 이송하여 일정량 투입 저장하고 탈염소시약인 금속나트륨을 투입한 상태에서 100 ~ 150℃로 가온하여 상기 금속나트륨이 용융되면서 교반기(13)에 의해 교반혼합되어 폴리염화비페닐과 용융된 나트륨이 화학반응되어 탈염처리되도록 하고 상기 반응조(10)의 하부에 침전된 반응생성물인 염화나트륨 및 미용융된 금속나트륨을 포함한 각종 침전물은 분리회수조(27)로 보내며, 상기 반응조(10)로부터의 탈염처리된 폐절연유는 후처리조(21)로 보내 일정량 투입 저장한 상태에서 상온 냉각처리하여 탈염처리시 생성된 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물이 침전되도록 하면서 비중이 작아 상부에 뜬 폐절연유는 처리유저장조(24)로 보내고 비중이 커서 침전된 상기 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물은 분리회수조(27)로 보내며, 상기 후처리조(21) 및 반응조(10)로부터의 염화나트륨 및 각종 침전물은 분리회수조(27)의 내부에 구비된 거름망(29)으로 거름처리하여 제거하되 상기 분리회수조(27)의 내부 온도는 금속나트륨의 용융점보다 높은 온도로 가온 유지하여 침전물에 포함된 금속나트륨이 재용융 회수되면서 상기 반응조(10)로 보내져 재사용되도록 하고, 상기 전처리조(2)와 반응조(10)와 후처리조(21)에서 발생되는 배출가스는 배출가스처리부(32)를 통해 정화처리하되, 상기 배출가스는 내부에 융융된 액상나트륨이 일정수위로 저장되어 있고 가스유입관(35)의 하부가 액상나트륨의 내측에 잠긴 상태로 설치된 배출가스처리기(33)를 통과되도록 하여 배출가스에 포함된 폴리염화비페닐이 액상나트륨과 화학반응하여 1차적 으로 탈염처리되도록 하고 상기 배출가스처리기(33)를 통과한 배출가스는 1000 ~ 1500℃의 온도로 가열된 플라즈마가열관(37)을 통과하면서 2차적으로 폴리염화비페닐 및 각종 유해가스성분이 열분해되어 연소처리되도록 하고 정화필터(34)를 거쳐 필터링된 상태에서 외부로 배출되도록 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유 처리방법.Waste insulation oil containing polychlorinated biphenyls from the waste transformer, the condenser, the safety device, and the breaker's container 4 is stored in a predetermined amount in the pretreatment tank 2 and preheated to 50 to 70 ° C. After transferring the preheated waste insulating oil from the reactor to the reaction tank 10 and storing it in a predetermined amount, and heating it at 100-150 ° C. in a state where metal sodium, a dechlorination reagent, was added, the metal sodium was melted and stirred by the stirrer 13. By mixing the polychlorinated biphenyl and the molten sodium chemically reacted and desalted, various precipitates including sodium chloride and undissolved metal sodium, which are precipitated in the lower part of the reaction tank 10, are separated into a recovery tank 27. The desalted waste insulating oil from the reaction tank 10 is sent to the after-treatment tank 21, and the sodium chloride and various precipitates generated during the desalination treatment by cooling at room temperature in a predetermined amount stored therein. The waste insulating oil floated on the upper part while the specific gravity is small while being precipitated is sent to the treatment oil storage tank 24, and the sodium chloride and various precipitates precipitated due to the specific gravity are sent to the separate recovery tank 27, and the post-treatment tank 21 and the reaction tank ( 10) The sodium chloride and various precipitates from 10) are removed by manure treatment with a strainer 29 provided inside the separation recovery tank 27. The internal temperature of the separation recovery tank 27 is heated to a temperature higher than the melting point of the sodium metal. The metal sodium contained in the precipitate is re-melted and returned to the reaction tank 10 to be reused, and the exhaust gas generated in the pretreatment tank 2, the reaction tank 10 and the after-treatment tank 21 is discharged gas. The purification process through the treatment unit 32, the discharge gas is a liquid sodium fused inside is stored at a certain water level and the lower portion of the gas inlet pipe 35 is installed in a state locked in the inside of the liquid sodium The polychlorinated biphenyl contained in the exhaust gas is firstly desalted by chemical reaction with the liquid sodium to pass through the gas processor 33, and the exhaust gas passed through the exhaust gas processor 33 is 1000 to 1500 ° C. While passing through the plasma heating tube 37 heated to a temperature, the polychlorinated biphenyl and various harmful gas components are thermally decomposed and combusted, and discharged to the outside in a filtered state through a purification filter 34. Waste insulating oil treatment method containing polychlorinated biphenyl. 제 9항에 있어서, 상기 반응조(10)는 하면부가 일측으로 하향 경사지게 형성된 경사면(14)으로 되어 있어 내부로 투입된 금속나트륨 중 초기에 용융되지 않은 금속나트륨이 경사면(14)을 따라 반응조(10)의 일측 하부로 모이도록 하고 상기 반응조(10)의 일측 하부 내측에는 수직으로 보조교반기(15)가 설치되어 있어 상기 경사면(14)을 따라 흘러내린 금속나트륨을 교반하여 빠른 시간내에 용융처리하는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유 처리방법.10. The reaction tank 10 according to claim 9, wherein the reaction tank 10 has an inclined surface 14 in which a lower surface thereof is inclined downward toward one side. A side of the lower side of the reaction tank 10 is installed to the secondary stirrer 15 is installed vertically in the lower side of the reaction vessel 10 is characterized in that the molten metal in a rapid time by stirring the metal sodium flowed down along the inclined surface (14) Waste insulating oil treatment method containing polychlorinated biphenyl. 제 9항에 있어서, 상기 폐 변압기나 콘덴서, 안전기, 차단기의 용기(4)는 압축공기와 탈염소시약으로 용기(4) 내부를 1차 세정처리하고 통상의 가열로(38)에서 폴리염화비페닐의 비점보다 높은 온도인 300 ~ 400℃로 가열처리하여 상기 용기(4)의 내측면에 들러붙어 있는 고체상태의 폴리염화비페닐성분이 기화되도록 하며 기화된 배출가스는 상기 배출가스처리부(32)로 보내 정화처리되도록 하는 것을 특징 으로 하는 폴리염화비페닐이 함유된 폐절연유 처리방법.10. The vessel (4) of the waste transformer, condenser, safety device, and circuit breaker according to claim 9, wherein the vessel (4) is first cleaned with compressed air and a dechlorination reagent, and the polychlorination is carried out in a conventional heating furnace (38). Heat treatment to a temperature higher than the boiling point of the biphenyl to 300 ~ 400 ℃ to solidify the polychlorinated biphenyl component stuck to the inner surface of the container 4 is vaporized and the vaporized exhaust gas is the exhaust gas treatment unit ( 32) A method for treating waste insulating oil containing polychlorinated biphenyls, characterized in that for purification.
KR1020080082871A 2008-08-25 2008-08-25 Waste insulating oil treatment device and method containing polychlorinated biphenyl KR101000462B1 (en)

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